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Historic Car Club Sile Historic Car Club Sile Porsche 911 La Porsche 911 è un auto nata tra la fine degli anni ’50 e l’inizio degli anni ’60. Nacque dall’esigenza di sostituire l’ormai vetusta 356, direttamente derivata dalla Volkswagen (Auto del popolo) Maggiolino, giunta al limite del suo sviluppo iniziato nel 1948; era quindi il momento di mettere in cantiere una vettura in linea coi tempi. La progettazione fu quasi interamente familiare dato che la meccanica fu sviluppata da Ferdinand “Ferry” Porsche e il design da Ferdinand “Butzi” Porsche, rispettivamente padre e figlio; “Ferry” e “Butzi” erano figlio e nipote del capostipite Ferdinand (il quale in patria e non solo era considerato un vero e proprio genio, difatti nel corso della sua vita progettò e aiutò a progettare di tutto e di più, come ad esempio la “Semper Vivus Lohner-Porsche” del 1900, prima autovettura ibrida della storia nonché prima trazione integrale, oppure durante la Seconda Guerra Mondiale sotto gli ordini di Hitler, sviluppò i carro armati Panzer Tiger ed Elefant, nonché la mamma della futura 356, il Maggiolino per l’appunto e i suoi derivati militari Kubelwagen e Schwimmwagen. Dopo essere scappato in Austria a Gmund per evitare i bombardamenti, venne arrestato dai francesi con l’accusa di collaborazionismo. Durante la prigionia durata quasi due anni sembra abbia collaborato allo sviluppo della Renault 4cv, fino a che Piero Dusio, fondatore della Cisitalia (Compagnia Industriale Sportiva Italia), con il tramite impersonificato da Karl Abarth allora Direttore Sportivo Cisitalia e conoscente della famiglia Porsche, ne pagò la cauzione in cambio di svariati progetti tra i quali una avveniristica Formula 1, che si sarebbe chiamata Cisitalia 360. Una volta libero tornò a Gmund dove nel giugno 1948 fondò l’azienda omonima per poi trasferirsi agli inizi degli anni ’50 di nuovo in Germania, a Zuffenhausen, appena fuori Stoccarda, azienda che alla sua morte nel 1951, fu fatta proseguire dagli eredi. Questo in breve l’inizio della storia Porsche). Ma torniamo alla 911, la quale venne anticipata nelle linee dal prototipo “Tipo 7”, oggi conservato nel museo Porsche, che risultava sgraziato nelle linee al posteriore a causa di studi sulla ricerca dell’abitabilità per quattro posti. Fu proprio in seguito a questi studi portati avanti con la “Tipo 7” che la vettura presentata al Salone di Francoforte del 1963 era una 2+2, con i sedili posteriori presenti ma sacrificati per favorire le linee della vettura che risultarono incredibilmente equilibrate, apparendo quasi una moderna evoluzione della 356. Questa vettura, dotata di un nuovo motore a 6 cilindri contrapposti (boxer) 1991 di cilindrata, posizionato posteriormente a sbalzo (si definisce fuoribordo o a sbalzo un motore posizionato Pagina 1 Historic Car Club Sile dietro o davanti l’asse delle ruote a seconda che sia posizionato al posteriore o all’anteriore, nel primo caso ci sono esempi come per l’appunto la 911 o le Fiat 600 e 500, nel secondo caso gli esempi possono essere le Fiat Topolino o la Renault Fuego) e raffreddato ad aria, sviluppava una potenza di 130 cv a 6100 giri/min il quale, abbinato ad un cambio a cinque rapporti e un peso a vuoto di 1080 kg le permetteva prestazioni degne di nota con il tutto completato da un impianto frenante a disco sulle quattro ruote. Gli interni risultavano ben rifiniti ma alquanto semplici, con un volante a quattro razze e un cruscotto dotato di cinque elementi circolari con quello centrale dedicato al contagiri, dettaglio che sottolineava le velleità sportive della vettura. Diversamente da quanto si potrebbe pensare il nome dell’auto presentata a Francoforte non era 911 ma 901; nome che avrebbe distinto i primi 82 esemplari e che fu poi modificato in 911 a causa di un reclamo di Peugeot che era depositaria dei numeri a tre cifre con lo “zero” centrale. La gamma avrebbe vissuto con la sola 901/911 fino all’aprile 1965, e fu un periodo non facile per le critiche che piovvero dagli affezionati del marchio soprattutto per due motivi; il prezzo eccessivamente elevato e una instabilità che affliggeva la vettura nella guida sportiva. Fu per questo che per ovviare per lo meno al primo cruccio venne presentata la 912, auto esteticamente uguale alla sorellona non fosse che i materiali usati per gli interni erano decisamente più economici, con il cruscotto che aveva solo tre elementi circolari e il motore che era un 4 cilindri boxer da 1584 centimetri cubici dotato di 90 cavalli, preso da quella che fu l’ultima 356, la SuperCarrera. Per il 1967 oltre ad un affinamento ai motori con l’adozione dei carburatori Weber in luce dei Solex precedentemente utilizzati per motivi di maggior facilità di messa a punto, le due versioni finora descritte vennero affiancate dalla più prestante 911S, esteticamente riconoscibile da quelli che poi sarebbero diventati uno dei simboli distintivi Porsche, ossia i cerchi a petali Fuchs, ed era dotata del motore da 1991 centimetri cubici ma affinato a tal punto da farle raggiungere quota 160 cavalli. Per cercare poi di limare ulteriormente l’instabilità della vettura che con 30 cavalli extra non poteva far altro che aumentare, fu introdotta una barra antirollio al posteriore. Le 911/912 in versione coupè, furono affiancate poi da una versione che era in fase di studio fino dagli albori della 901. Dotata di un robusto roll-bar posto subito dietro i sedili anteriori, di un tettuccio rigido e asportabile e, solo nelle primissime versioni, di un lunotto in tela asportabile che poi sarebbe divenuto rigido, venne chiamata Targa, in onore delle vittorie che la casa della cavallina aveva ottenuto negli anni in Sicilia, alla Targa Florio. Nel 1968 le modifiche alla 912 Pagina 2 Historic Car Club Sile furono minime e riguardarono la sola introduzione del cruscotto a cinque elementi circolari come sulla 911, mentre su quest’ultima la gamma venne per così dire semplificata identificando le varie versioni con una lettera alfabetica. Venne così identificata come T (Touring) la versione base, dotata della versione da 110 cavalli del 1991 centimetri cubici, mosso da un cambio a quattro velocità e, vista la scarsa potenza, priva della barra antirollio. In cima alla gamma c’erano due versioni, una dedicata a chi preferiva le rifiniture lussuose e l’altra dedicata a chi prediligeva le prestazioni. Entrambe dotate di barra antirollio, la prima venne identificata come L (Lusso), dotata anch’essa del motore 2000 che in quest’occasione esprimeva 130 cavalli e aveva i suoi cavalli di battaglia nella maggiore qualità delle rifiniture interne, e in optional come il cambio “Sportomatic” a cui bastava un tocco della leva per cambiare marcia senza l’uso della frizione. L’ultima nuova versione era la S (Sport) dotata sempre dello stesso motore, ma in quest’occasione nella versione da 160 cavalli che prediligeva per l’appunto le prestazioni, sottolineate anche dai cerchi da 15 pollici e dagli ammortizzatori Koni in luce dei Boge. 1969, nuovo anno altra piccola rivoluzione; innanzitutto per ovviare ulteriormente al problema dell’instabilità che evidentemente l’introduzione della barra antirollio non risolse del tutto, fu allungato il passo di tutte di 6 centimetri, dai precedenti 221 ai nuovi 227 centimetri mentre per quanto riguarda i modelli rimasero invariate la 912 e la 911 T, al contrario delle versioni al top di gamma dove venne messa in disparte la L per far posto alla E (Einspriztung, ossia iniezione) e rimase la S. Ancora entrambe col motore da 2 litri ma evoluto con una nuova iniezione meccanica Bosch erano dotate rispettivamente di 140 e 170 cavalli. Nel 1970 uscì di scena la 912 sostituita nella gamma dalla 914 a motore centrale, mentre il resto della gamma rimase pressoché invariato fino al 1972 e rappresentato sempre dalle T, E ed S, non fosse per le cilindrate e le potenze che variarono una prima volta nel 1970 dai 1991 ai 2195 centimetri cubici con rispettivamente 125 cv per la T, l’unica a carburatori, 155 cv per la E e 180 cv per la S ed una seconda volta nel 1972 ove la cilindrata crebbe da 2195 a 2341 centimetri cubici con 130 cavalli alimentati da carburatori per la T, 165 cavalli per la E e 190 cavalli per la S entrambe ad iniezione. L’escalation di cilindrate e potenze era oramai iniziata e ci si rese conto che nella gamma mancava una vera e propria vettura “derivata dalle corse”, fu così che nel 1973 fu affiancata alla consueta gamma anche la 911 RS 2.7; la vera punta di diamante disponibile esclusivamente in configurazione coupè. La definizione RS, assai usata nei nomi delle auto tedesche di stampo sportivo, ha un significato ben preciso ossia RennSport, il che tradotto significa “Corsa Sport”, giusto per far capire le intenzioni. Esteticamente riconoscibile per lo spoiler anteriore maggiorato (disponibile anche sulla versione S, atto a migliorarne la stabilità) e per quello posteriore a forma di becco d’anatra (Ducktail) che divenne successivamente uno dei simboli della storia 911, oltre agli sticker “Carrera” (nome usato per la Pagina 3 Historic Car Club Sile prima volta sulla 356, omaggio alla storica corsa Carrera Panamericana), posti sulla fiancata e in tinta con i cerchi Fuchs allargati al posteriore così come i passaruota. Ovviamente le modifiche non erano limitate al solo lato estetico ma pure l’anima ne fu stravolta alleggerendo inizialmente il tutto assottigliando le strutture non portanti e sostituendo cofani e porte con elementi in alluminio. Proposta in tre versioni, Touring, Sport e Rennen, le prime due montavano il classico 6 cilindri Boxer aumentato di cilindrata fino a 2687 centimetri cubici per 210 cavalli di potenza massima che, con un peso di 980 kg le permetteva uno scatto 0-100 in 5,8 secondi per una velocità massima di 240 km/h.
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