FRP Participants’ Voices FAMILY RESOURCE PROGRAMS

MAFRP METRO ASSOCIATION OF FAMILY RESOURCE PROGRAMS

AN MAFRP – RYERSON UNIVERSITY PROJECT

Ryerson University, Faculty of Community Services, SHE640, 350 Victoria St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3 / Tel: 416-979-5000 ext.4563 / Fax: 416-9795384 / www.ryerson.ca

Table of Contents

SECTIONS:

FRP BACKGROUND INFORMATION……………… 1 EVALUATION…………………………………... 5 EVALUATION OF FRPS………………………….. 7 EVALUATION OF COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAMS 10 CAP-C PROGRAMS/EVALUATION……………….. 13 BETTER BEGINNINGS, BETTER FUTURES PROGRAM ….. EVALUATION ………………………… 15 ONTARIO EARLY YEARS EVALUATION………….. 15 IMPACT OF FRPS………………………………... 17 FAMILY STUDIES……………………………….. 22 RESEARCH METHODS…………………………... 23 STATISTICS …………………………………..... 28 POLICY CONTEXT……………………………..... 35 EMPOWERMENT………………………………... 35 PARENT INVOLVEMENT………………………… 35 SOCIAL CAPITAL……………………………….. 35 COMMUNITY BASED PROGRAM EVALUATION…... 36

Introduction

This bibliography was collected and categorized for the purposes of the Participants’ Voices project (a partnership between Ryerson University and MAFRP, and funded by HRDC). We believe that this is an important resource to share with family resource programs and other interested people, in order to further the field of family support.

The bibliography is organized into sections, as follows: FRP BACKGROUND INFORMATION EVALUATION EVALUATION OF FRPS EVALUATION OF COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAMS CAP-C PROGRAMS/EVALUATION BETTER BEGINNINGS, BETTER FUTURES PROGRAMS/EVALUATION ONTARIO EARLY YEARS EVALUATION IMPACT OF FRPS FAMILY STUDIES RESEARCH METHODS STATISTICS POLICY CONTEXT EMPOWERMENT PARENT INVOLVEMENT SOCIAL CAPITAL COMMUNITY BASED PROGRAM EVALUATION

We hope you find this resource useful. We would also welcome any suggestions about any references that have not been included in this bibliography and that you consider are relevant for the evaluation of family support programs.

FRP BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Blair, A. (2003, Spring). Humewood House,1-4.

Brunet, C. (2003, June 20). Centre gets needed boost from province. The Annex Guardian, pp.1, 3.

Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs. (2000, July). Family support: A national priority. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs.

Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs. (2001, July). Parenting and family supports: Moving beyond the rhetoric together. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs.

Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs. (2002, Summer). Play and Parenting Connections, 1-9.

Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs. (2002, Winter). Play and Parenting Connections, 1-13.

Carrilio, T. (2001). Family support program development-integrating research, practice and policy. Journal of Family Social Work, 6 (3), 53-78.

Children and Youth Action Committee. (2002). Toronto report card on children: Volume 4. Toronto: City of Toronto.

Dangubic, J., Silver, S., & Wilson, S., (1998). Transitions and pathways: Preliminary findings. Unpublished manuscript, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada.

Delta Family Resource Centre. (2003). Welcome to Delta Family Resource Centre. Retrieved May 5, 2003, from http://www.dfrc.ca/home_page.htm

Dunst, C. J. (2002, October). Traveling to transCanada highway: Mapping the adoption, application and adherence to family support principles. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the FRP Canada National Biennial Conference, Ontario, Canada.

Dunst, C. J., Family, Infant and Preschool Program, & Trivette, C. M. (2001, June). Benefits associated with family resource center practices. Asheville, North Carolina: Winterberry Press.

Dunst, C., & Family Resource Coalition. (1995). Key characteristics and features of community-based family support programs. Chicago, IL: Family Resource Coalition. East York and East Toronto. (2000). East York and East Toronto family resources: Welcome to the drop-in. [Brochure] Toronto: East York and East Toronto Family Resources.

Family Resource Programs Canada. (2002). The guiding principles of family support. Ottawa: Family Resource Programs Canada.

Family Support America. (2001). Guidelines for family support practice: Second edition. Chicago, IL: Family Support America.

Family Support America. (2002, October). Family Support America Update, 1-3.

Family Support America. (2002, December). Family Support America Update, 1-2.

Family Support America. (2002). Issues in family support evaluation. Chicago: Family Support America.

Family Support America. (2003, January). Family Support America. Retrieved February 3, 2003, http://www.familysupportamerica.org

Family Support America. (2003, March). Family Support America Update, 1-3.

Family Support America. (2003, April). Family Support America Update,1-2.

Family Support America. (2003, May). Family Support America Update,1-2.

Family Support America. (2003, June). Family Support Amercia Update, 1-2.

Fannon, P. (2002). Ontario Association of Family Resource Programmes: Regional reports. Toronto: Ontario Association of Family Resource Programmes.

The Federal/Provincial/Territorial Early Childhood Development Agreement. (2001). Report on government of Canada activities and expenditures 2000-2001: Early childhood development agreement. Ottawa: Health Canada.

Fisher, M. (1990). Family resource centres: Training source book. Toronto: MAFRP.

FRP Canada. (2002). Responsibility and accountability: What community-based programs need to know. Ottawa: FRP Canada.

FRP Canada. (2003, January). Survey on community collaboration, integration and partnerships for family resource program/family support programs. Ottawa: FRP Canada.

FRP Canada. (2003, September). Canadian FRPs database. Unpublished manuscript.

FRP Canada. (2003, Fall). Play & parenting connections: Supporting fathers. Ottawa: FRP Canada. FRP Canada. (2003, Winter). Play & Parenting,1-13.

Gallegos, M. (1999). Neighbourhood councils: A family-driven approach to community change. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Nevada, Las Vegas.

Gerrard Resource Centre. Information Package. [Includes brochures on the Gerrard Resource Centre & information about the centre, such as policy and procedures].

Health Canada. (2002, September 2). What is Nobody's Perfect? Retrieved April 2, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dca-dea/family_famille/nobody_e.html

Kagan, S., & Neuman, M. (1996, Spring). Family support: Program, philosophy, approach, or movement? Retrieved on July 5, 2003, from http://www.ed.gov/offices/OERI/ECI/newsletters/96spring/FamilySupport.html

Kellerman, M., & MacAulay, J. (1998, March). Training needs assessment project report on the national survey. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs.

Kellerman, M., & MacAulay, J. (1998, April). Training and professional development in the family resource field: Summary Report. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs.

Kyle, I. J. (1999). Towards a framework for integrating early childhood development and family support programs in Toronto. Unpublished manuscript.

Kyle, I., & Kellerman, M. (1998). Case studies of Canadian family resource programs: Supporting families, children & communities. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs.

Lakey, J. (2002, September 17). Subsidized day-care spaces at 7-year low. Provincial funding freeze blamed for growing waiting list [ON]. The Toronto Star. Retrieved on October 1, 2002, from http://www.childcarecanada.org/ccin/2002/ccin9_17_02.html

The Macaulay Centre for Child Development. (2003). Program without walls: Calendar of programs (January 1, 2003-April 30, 2003). [Brochure]. Retrieved June 26, 2003, from http://www.macaulaycentre.org/pdffiles/pww_mayaug_03.pdf

Malcolmson, J. (2002). Putting the pieces together: A conceptual framework for family support practice. Ottawa: FRP Canada.

Mann, B. (2002, Winter). Family support over the long term. Interaction, 15 (4), 20-21. Retrieved May 2, 2003, from http://www.cccf-fcsge.ca/pdf/2002winter_en.pdf

Metro Association of Family Resource Programmes. (1994). Join us at your local family resource programme. [Brochure] Toronto: Metro Association of Family Resource Programmes. Metro Association of Family Resource Programmes. (1999, November). Toronto family resource programme directory. Toronto: Metro Association of Family Resource Programmes.

Metro Association of Family Resource Programmes. (2001, Spring). Families First, 1-10.

Metro Association of Family Resource Programmes. (2002, Fall). Metro Association of Family Resource Programs,1-8.

Metro Association of Family Resource Programmes. (2002, November). Metro Association of Family Resource Programs,1-3.

Metro Association of Family Resource Programmes. (2003, Winter/Spring). Families First,1-13.

Military Family Support Program, & HDP Group Inc. (1997). Military family support program operational plan. Unpublished manuscript.

Ontario Association of Family Resource Programmes. (2002). Linking families and communities. [Brochure]. Toronto: Ontario Association of Family Resource Programmes.

Ontario Coalition for Better Childcare. (2001, November 14). Tories out to destroy child care: Backgrounder. Retrieved on January 23, 2003, from http://www.childcareontario.org/library/11_01bkgrnd.html

Ontario Connections. (2002, Summer). Ontario Connections: Linking Families and Communities, 1 (3), 1-4.

Ontario Connections. (2003, Spring/Summer). Ontario Connections: Linking Families and Communities, 18 (2), 1-8.

Orwen, P. (2003, January 31). Toronto family support project begins. The Toronto Star, pp. A3.

Red River College. Family resource programs…A four-part video series [Brochure]. Ottawa: Human Resources Development Canada.

Reeves, K. (2002). 2002 status report on Canadian family resource programs. Ottawa: FRP Canada.

Roehlkepartain, E.,Scales, P., Roehlkepartain, J., & Gallo, C. (2002, November). Building strong families. Minneapolis, MN: Search Institute.

Reynolds, A. J. (2000). Success in early intervention: The Chicago child-parent centers. London: University of Nebraska Press. Ryerson University, & Marketing Communications. (2000). Certificate in family supports (with specialization in family life education or resource programs). [Brochure] Toronto: Ryerson University.

Scott, J. L., & Praxis Research & Training Inc. (2002). More than child's play: A study of Parkdale family resource centre. Unpublished manuscript.

Sen, A. (2001). Program without walls: Stories from Toronto parents. Toronto: Macaulay Child Development Centre.

Thurton, L. (2003). Programs and services offered by family resource programs. Unpublished manuscript, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada.

Toronto Public Health. (2002). Community Resources for Parents in your Neighbourhood. [Brochure] Toronto: Toronto Public Health.

Walker, S. (2002). Family support and the role of social work: Renaissance or retrenchment. European Journal of Social Work, 5 (1), 43-54.

Waston, S., & Westheimer, M. (2000, April). Financing family resource centers: A guide to sources and strategies. Retrieved August 13, 2003, from http://www.financeprojectinfo.org/Publications/family_resource_centers.pdf

Weiss, C. (2002, Spring). From the director’s desk. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/director.html

Yorktown Family Services. (2002). Yorktown child and family centre and Yorktown shelter for women. [Brochure]. Toronto: Yorktown Family Services.

EVALUATION

Coupal, F.P., & Simoneau, M. (1998). A case study of participatory evaluation in Haiti. In E. Whitmore (Ed.), Understanding and practicing participatory evaluation (pp. 60-79). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc.

Cousins, J. B., & Whitmore, E. (1998). Framing participatory evaluation. In E. Whitmore (Ed.), Understanding and practicing participatory evaluation (pp. 5-24). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc.

Dullea, K., & Mullender, A. (1999). Evaluation and empowerment. In I. Shaw, & J. Lishman (Eds.), Evaluation and social work practice (pp. 81-100). London: Sage Publications. Evans, C., Fisher, M. (1999) Collaborative Evaluation with Service Users: Moving Toward User Controlled Research. In I. Shaw & J. Lishman (Eds.), Evaluation and Social Work Practice (pp. 101- 117) London: Sage Publications Ltd.

Farell, K., Kratzmann, M., McWilliam, S., Robinson, N., Saunders, S., Ticknor, J., et al. (2002, July). Evaluation made very easy, accessible, and logical. Retrieved on March 20, 2003, from http://www.medicine.dal.ca/acewh/eng/reports/EVAL.pdf

Fetterman, D. (1997). Empowerment evaluation: A response to Patton and Scriven. Evaluation Practice, 18 (3), 253.

Fetterman, D. (2001). Foundations of empowerment evaluation. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Fetterman, D. M. (1996). Conclusion: Reflection on emergent themes and next steps. In D. M. Fetterman, S. J. Kaftarian & A.Wandersman (Eds.), Empowerment evaluation: Knowledge and tools for self-assessment & accountability (pp. 379- 384). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.

Fetterman, D. M. (1996). Empowerment evaluation: An introduction to theory and practice. In D. Fetterman, S. J. Kaftarian & A. Wandersman (Eds.), Empowerment evaluation: Knowledge and tools for self-assessment & accountability (pp. 3-46). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.

Feuerstein, M. T. (1988). Finding the methods to fit the people: Training for participatory evaluation. Community Development Journal, 23 (1), 16-25.

Greene, J. C. (1997). Advancing mixed-method evaluation. The Evaluation Exchange, 3 (1). Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/hfrp/consent/eval/issue7/eval7.pdf

Kibel, B. M. (1999). A different kind of evaluation. In B. M. Kimbel (Ed.), Success stories as hard data: An introduction to results mapping (pp. 3-12). New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers.

King, J. A. (1998). Making sense of participatory evaluation practice. In E. Whitmore (Ed.), Understanding and practicing participatory evaluation (pp. 57-68). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc.

Linney, J. A., & Wandersman, A. (1996). Empowering community groups with evaluation skills: The prevention plus III model. In D. M. Fetterman, S. J. Kaftarian & A. Wandersman (Eds.), Empowerment evaluation: Knowledge and tools & accountability (pp. 259-276). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.

Little, P., & Harvard Research Project. (2002, March). Selected evaluation terms. Retrieved May 12, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/hfrp/content/projects/afterschool/resources/ost_terms. pdf

Mayer, S. (1996). Building community capacity with evaluation activities that empower. In D. M. Fetterman, S. J. Kaftarian, & A. Wandersman (Eds.), Empowerment evaluation: Knowledge and tools for self-assessment & accountability (pp. 332- 375). Thousand Oaks, Califoria: Sage Publications.

Mertens, D. M. (1999). Inclusive evaluation: Implications of transformative theory for evaluation. American Journal of Evaluation, 20 (1), 1-14.

Patton, M. Q. (1997). Toward distinguishing empowerment evaluation and placing it in a large context. Evaluation Practice, 18 ( 2), 147. Retrieved January 27, 2003, from http://0- web10.epnet.com.innopac.lib.ry…21602+sm+KS+so+b+ss+SO+2519&fn=61&rn =76

Reason, P. (1994) Three approaches to participative inquiry. In D. Denzin & Y.S. Lincon (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research. London: Sage.

Reynolds, A. J. (1998). Confirmatory program evaluation: A method for strengthening casual inference. American Journal of Evaluation, 19 (2), 203-221.

Stake, R. E. (1997). Advocacy in evaluation: A necessary evil? In E. Chelimsky & W. Shadish (Eds), Evaluation for the 21st, century (pp. 470-476). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Scriven, M. (1997). Empowerment evaluation examined. Evaluation Practice, 18 (2), 165. Retrieved January 27, 2003, from http://0- web10.epnet.com.innopac.lib.ry…21602+sm+ks+so+b+ss+SO+2519&fn=61&rn =77

Schorr, L.B. (1997). Common purpose: Strengthening families and neighborhoods to rebuild America. New York: Anchor Books, Double Day.

Stansbery, P., & Company Community Research (2002, Spring). Multi-level evaluation design: California’s proposition 10. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/pp1.html

Taylor, A., & Moher, C. (1999). Participatory evaluation of the Healthy Childhood Development Project. In J. Whitehead & G. Huot (Eds.), Linking research to practice: A Canadian forum: Proceedings report (pp. 77-82). Ottawa: Canadian Child Care Federation.

Wallerstein, N. (2000). A participatory evaluation model for healthier communities: Developing indicators for New Mexico. Public Health Report / Focus on Health Communities, 115, 199-204. W.K. Kellogg Foundation. (1998). Evaluation handbook. Battle Creek, MI: W.K. Kellogg Foundation.

Whitmore, E. (1991). Evaluation and empowerment: It's the process that counts. In M. Cochran (Ed.), Empowerment and family support, 2 (2), 281-286.

Whitmore, E. (1994). Empowerment in program evaluation: A case example. Canadian Social Work Review, 7 (2), 215-229.

Whitmore, E. (1998). Understanding and practicing participatory evaluation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

EVALUATION OF FRPS

Ahsan, N., Cramer, L. (1998) How Are We Doing? A Program of Self-Assessment Toolkit for the Family Support Field. Chicago: Family Resource Coalition of America.\

Botschner, J., & Taylor, A. (2000, September). Family day care services: Flemingdon park resource program: Evaluation report. Ontario: Centre for Research & Education in Human Services.

Diehl, D. (2002, Spring). Family Support America: Supporting “family supportive” evaluation. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/eval2.html

(D. Diehl, personal communication, June 24, 2003) **Note: personal communications should not be added to the reference list. They should be cited in the text as demonstrated above. The title of this draft is: “Update: Evidence along the way of pilot sites Family Support America.”

Dunst, C. J. (2002, Spring). How can we strengthen family support research and evaluation? The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/expert.html

Comer, E. W., & Fraser, M. W. (1998). Evaluations of six family-support programs: Are they effective? Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Human Services, 79 (2), 134.

Ellis, D. (1998). Finding our way: A participatory evaluation method for family resource programs. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs.

Family Support America. (2000) Famly Support Centres: A Program Manager’s Toolkit – Volume I: Program Planning and Evaluation. Chicago: Family Support America

Family Support America. (2000) Famly Support Centres: A Program Manager’s Toolkit – Volume II: Managing Ongoing Operations. Chicago: Family Support America Family Support America. (2000) Famly Support Centres: A Program Manager’s Toolkit – Volume III: The Power of Partnership. Chicago: Family Support America

Fannon, P. (2002). Ontario Association of Family Resource Programmes: Regional reports. Toronto: Ontario Association of Family Resource Programmes.

FRP Canada (2003, Spring-Summer). Play & parenting connections: Special issue on evaluation in FRPs. 1-8.

Gabor, P. (2003, April). The evaluation of family resource programs: Initial development of core indicators. Paper presented at the Core Indicators meeting on February, 2003, Toronto, ON.

Gabor, P. (2003, May). The evaluation of family resource programs: Challenges and promising approaches. Ottawa: FRP Canda.

Harms, T., Clifford, R. M., & Cryer, D. (1998). Early childhood environment rating scale. New York: Teachers College, Columbia University.

Herman, S. E. (1997). Exploring the link between service quality and outcomes: Parents' assessments of family support programs. Evaluation Review, 21 ( 3), 388 - 405.

Herman, S. E., Marcenko, M. O., & Hazel, K. L. (1996). Parents' perspectives on quality in family support programs. The Journal of Mental Health Administration, 23 (2), 156-169.

Horsch, K., & Weiss, H. B. (1998). Evaluation options for family resource centers. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Family Research Project.

Kagan, S. L. (1998). Using a theory of change approach in a national evaluation of family support programs: Practitioner reflections. In New approaches to evaluating community intiatives: Vol. 2. Theory, measurement, and analysis. Retrieved May 12, 2003, from http://www.aspenroundtable.org/vol2/kagan.htm

Kagan, S., & Lonow, D. (1990). The schools and family-oriented prevention. Prevention in Human Services, 9 (1), 157-173.

Kalafat, J., & Illback, R. J. (1998). A qualitative evaluation of school-based family resource and youth service centres. American Journal of Community Psychology, 26 (4), 573-603. Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://www.kluweronline.com/issn/0091-0562

Landsverk, R. A. (1999, Spring). Families, schools, communities: Learning together. Madison, Wisconsin: Winsconsin Department of Public Instruction.

Layzer, J. I., Goodson, B. D., Berstein, L., & Price, C. (2001, April). National evaluation of family support programs: Volume A: The meta-analysis. Cambridge, MA: Abt Associates Inc. Manalo, V., & Meezan, W. (2000). Toward buildling a typology for the evaluation of services in family support programs. Child Welfare, 79 (4), 405-429.

MacAulay, J. (2003, October). Integrated approaches to family support: A FRP Canada project. Paper presented at a pre-conference session at the Family Service Canada 2003 National Conference, Ottawa, Canada.

McCartney, K., & Dearing E. (2002, Spring). Evaluating effect sizes in the policy arena. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/spotlight.html

Miller, P. B. (1993). Building villages to raise our children: Evaluation. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, Harvard Family Research Project.

Reitsma-Street, M., Maczewski, M., & Neysmith, S. (2000). Promoting engagement: An organizational study of volunteers in community resource centres for children. Child and Youth Services Review, 22 (8), 651-678.

Samuels, B., Ahsan, N., Garcia, J. (1995) Know Your Community: A Step-by-Step Guide to Community Needs and Resources Assessment. Chicago: Family Support America

Stephens, S. A. (2000, February). Given the nature of family centers, how can we craft a meaningful evaluation? Bala Cynwyd, PA: Center for Assessment and Policy Development.

Sullivan, D. A. (2002). Discovering our capacities. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs.

Toronto Children’s Services. (2002, May). Operating criteria for family resource programs [First Draft]. Toronto: Toronto Children’s Services.

Weissbourd, B. (1990). Family resource and suport programs: Changes and challenges in human services. Prevention in Human Services, 9 (1), 69-85.

Williams, A. (2002) Putting parent engagment into action: A practical guide. Chicago: Family Support America

EVALUATION OF COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAMS

Bailey Jr., D. B., McWilliam, R.A., Darkes, L. A., & Hebbeler, K. (1998). Family outcomes in early intervention: A framework for program evaluation and efficacy research. Exceptional Children, 64 ( 3), 313-328. Barnett, S. (1995). Long-term effects of early childhood programs on cognitive and school outcomes. The Future of Children, 5 ( 3), 25-50.

Billings, J. R. (2000). Community development: A critical review of approaches to evaluation. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 31 (2), 472-480.

Bloomberg, L. (1995, May). The design, delivery and evaluation of community-based family service collaboratives: A review of the literature. Minnesota, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota, Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement.\

Boocock, S. S. (1995). Early childhood programs in other nations: Goals and outcomes. The Future of Children, 5 ( 3), 94-114.

Boutilier, M. A., Rajkumar, E., Poland, B. D., Tobin, S., & Badgley, R. F. (2001). Community action success in public health: Are we using a ruler to measure a sphere? Canadian Journal of Public Health, 92 (2), 90-94.

Brady, A., & Coffman, J. (1997). Achieving and measuring results: Lessons from HFRP's parenting study. The Evaluation Exchange, 3 (1). Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/hfrp/content/eval/issue7/eval7.pdf

Brown, P. (1998). Shaping the evaluator's role in a theory of change evaluation: Practitioner reflections. In New approaches to evaluating community intiatives: Vol. 2. Theory, measurement, and analysis. Retrieved June 23, 2003, from http://www.aspeninstitute.org/Programt3.asp?bid=1281

Caspe, M., Traub, F., Priscilla, L. (2002, August). Beyond the head count: Evaluating family involvement in out-of-school time. Harvard Family Research Project, 4, 1-15.

Childcare Resource and Research Unit. (2003, Summer) Proposed changes to Quebec’s child care system. Retrieved October 21, 2003 from http://www.childcarecanada.org/resources/issues/PQsum03.html

Cigno, K. (1988). Consumer views of a family centre drop-in. British Journal Social Work, 18, 361-375.

Connell, J., & Kubisch, A. (1998). Applying a theory of change approach to the evaluation of comprehensive community intiatives: Progress, prospects, and problems. In New approaches to evaluating community initiatives: Vol. 2. Theory, measurement and anlaysis. Retrieved October 4, 1999, from http://www.aspenroundtable.org/vol2/connell.htm

Connell, J. P., Kubisch, A. C., Schorr, L. B., & Weiss, C. H. (1995). New approaches to evaluating community intiatives: Concepts, methods and contexts. Washington, D. C.: The Aspen Institute. Frankel, S., Harvell, C., & Wauchope, B. (1997, February). Outside evaluation of Connecticut's family resource centers: Final report: Vol. 1 & 2. Portsmouth, NH: RMC Research Corp.

Friendly, M. (2003, June) Early childhood education and care: An issue for all Canadians Retrieved October 21, 2003 from http://www.childcarecanada.org/pubs/pdf/ECEC_issueforallCanadaians.pdf

Frost, N., Johnson, L., Stein, M., & Wallis, L. (2000). Home-start and the delivery of family support. Children & Society, 14, 328-342. Retrieved October 31, 2003 from www.interscience.wiley.com

Gambone, M. A. (1998). Challenges of measurement in community change initiatives. In New approaches to evaluating community intiatives: Vol. 2. Theory, measurement, and analysis. Retrieved June 23, 2003, from http://www.aspeninstitute.org/Programt3.asp?bid=1284

Glasgow, R. E., Vogt, T. M., & Boles, S. M. (1999). Evaluating the public health impact of health promotion interventions: The RE-AIM framework. Amercian Journal of Public Health, 89 (9), 1322-1327.

Golan. S. (2002, Spring). Strengthening programs and summative evaluations through formative evaluations. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/eval3.html

Hewes, J., & Brown, S. Stories of best practice. Edmonton, Alberta: Grant Mac Ewan College.

Hoen, B., Thelander, M., & Worsley, J. (1999, March). Parkdale parents' primary prevention project: Evaluation final report. Toronto: St. Joseph's Women's Health Centre.

Jacobs, F. H., Kapuscik, J. L., Williams, P. H., & Kates, E. (2000). Making it count: Evaluating family preservation services: A guide for state administrators. Medford, MA: Tufts University, Department of Child Development.

Kohen, D. E., Hertzman, C., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (1998, October). Neighbourhood influences on children's school readiness (No. W-98-15E). Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.hrdc-drhc.gc.ca/sp-ps/arb-dgra/publications/research/abw- 98-15e.shtml

Kubisch, A. C., Fulbright-Anderson, K., & Connell, J. (1998). Evaluating community initiatives: A progress report. In New approaches to evaluating community initatives: Vol. 2. Theory, measurement, and analysis. Retrieved October 6, 1999, from http://www.aspenroundtable.org/vol2/kubisch.htm

Kubisch, A. C., Weiss, C. H., Schorr, L. B., & Connell, J. P. (1998). Introduction. In New approaches to evaluating community initatives: Vol. 1. Concepts, methods, and contexts. Retrieved October 4, 1999, from http://www.aspenroundtable.org/vol1/intro.htm

Miller, S., & Sambell, K. (2003). What do parents feel they need? Implications of parents’ perspectives for the facilitation of parenting programmes. Children & Society, 17, 32-44. Retrieved October 31, 2003 from www.interscience.wiley.com

Milligan, S., Coulton, C., York, P., & Register, R. (1999). Implementing a theory of change evaluation in the Cleveland community-building initiative: A case study. In New approaches to evaluating community intiatives: Vol. 2. Theory, measurement, and analysis. Retrieved October 6, 1999, from http://www.aspenroundtable.org/vol2/milligan.htm

Minnesota State Department of Children, Families and Learning. (1998). All our children: Outcome & indicators for Minnesota's young children and families. St. Paul, Minnesota: Minnesota State Department of Children, Families, and Learning.

Minnesota State Department of Children, Families and Learning. (1998). Early childhood family education program: Quality indicators, participant questionnaire, evaluation forms and resources. St. Paul, Minnesota: Minnesota State Department of Children, Families, and Learning.

Mueller, M., & Mueller Associates, LLC. (1996). Immediate outcomes of lower-income participants in Minnesota's universal access early childhood family education. Minnesota: Minnesota Department of Children, Families & Learning.

Nosbush, L. (2003, Autumn) Communities Find Answers through Understanding the Early Years. In D McCloskey (Ed.), Transition. 33 (3), pp. 6-17

Reynolds, A. J., Temple, J. A., Robertson, D. L., & Mann, E. A. (2001). Long-term effects of an early childhood intervention on educational achievement and juvenile arrest. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 285 (18) 2339- 2346. Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://jama.ama- assn.org/issues/v285n18/rfull/joc01444.html

Pithouse, A., & Holland, S. (1999). Open access family centres and their users: Positive results, some doubts and new departures. Children & Society, 13, 167-178. Retrieved October 31, 2003 from www.interscience.wiley.com

Pithouse, A., & Lindsell, S. (1996). Child protection services: Comparison of a referred family centre and a field social work service in South Wales. Research on Social Work Practice, 6(4), 473-491.

Smith, T. (1998). Parents and the community: Parents’ views and mapping need. In A. Buchanan & B. Hudson (Eds.), Parenting, schooling and children’s behaviour (pp.110-123). Aldershot, England: Ashgate. St. Pierre, R. G., Layzer, J. I., & Barnes, H. V. (1995). Two-generation programs: Design, cost, and short-term effectiveness. The Future of Children, 5 (3), 76-93.

Success by 6. (2003). Streamlined evaluation requirements for Success by 6 funded programs [Reporting Forms].

Thelander, M.,Worsley, J., & Hoen, B. (1997, September). Growing up healthy downtown: A community initiative for young children & their families: Evaluation report. Toronto: Growing Up Healthy Downtown.

Weiss, C. H. (1999). Nothing as practical as good theory: Exploring theory-based evaluation for comprehensive community initiatives for children and family. In New approaches to evaluating community initatives: Vol. 1. Concepts, methods, and contexts. Retrieved May 12, 2003, from http://www.aspenroundtable.org/vol1/weiss.htm

Young, N., Gardner, S., Coley, S., Schorr, L., & Bruner, C. (1994). Making a difference: Moving to outcome-based accountability for comprehensive service reforms. Des Moines, IA: Child and Family Policy Center.

Zeedyk, M.S., Werritty, I., & Riach, C. (2002). The PALS parenting support programme: Lessons learned from the evaluation of processes and outcomes. Children & Society, 16, 318-333. Retrieved October 31, 2003 from www.interscience.wiley.com

CAP-C PROGRAMS/EVALUATION

Centre for Research and Education in Human Services, & Centre for Health Promotion. (1998). Ontario CAPC regional evaluation: Final report. Ontario: Health Canada.

Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1998, March). National evaluation fact sheet: A community development approach (Series 1, Number 1).Retrived on March 7, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood- youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/s1n1.htm

Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1998, March). National evaluation fact sheet: The CAPC evaluation: How it works (Series 1, Number 2). Retrieved on March 7, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood- youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/s1n2.htm

Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1998, March). National evaluation fact sheet: Main focus areas (Series 1, Number 3). Retrieved on March 7, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood-youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/s1n3.htm Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1998, March). National evaluation fact sheet: Geographic classification (Series 1, Number 4). Retrieved on March 11, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood- youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/s1n4.htm

Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1998, March). National evaluation fact sheet: Culture of the population served (Series 1, Number 5). Retrieved on March 11, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood- youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/s1n5.htm

Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1998, March). National evaluation fact sheet: Language of service (Series 1, Number 6). Retrieved on March 11, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood- youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/s1n6.htm

Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1998, May). National evaluation fact sheet: Initiating and developing project proposals (Series 2, Number 1). Retrieved on March 11, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood- youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/s2n1.htm

Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1998, May). National evaluation fact sheet: Important factors in proposal development (Series 2, Number 2).Retrieved on March 11, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood- youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/s2n2.htm

Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1998, May). National evaluation fact sheet: Consumer involvment in proposal development (Series 2, Number 3). Retrieved on March 11, 2003, from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood- youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/s2n3.htm

Community Action Program for Children (CAPC). (1999, December). CAPC National Newsletter. Retrieved on March 11, 2003, from http://www.hc- sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood-youth/cbp/capc/evaluation/Newsletter

Community Action Program for Children. (1999, December). Community Action Program for Children, 1-4.

Health Canada. (2001). Renewal 2000: Taking stock, celebrating success, building for the future. Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://www.hc- sc.gc.ca/hppb/childhood-youth/pdf/engt.pdf

O'Hanlon, A., & VanderPlaat, M. (1997, December). Moving along, growing strong: The final report of the Atlantic Community Action Program for Children (CAPC) regional evaluation. Retrieved on April 15, 2003, from http://www.hc- sc.gc.ca/hppb/regions/atlantic/pdf/moving.pdf Sylvestre, J., Ochocka, J., & Hyndman, B. (1999). Findings from the Ontario regional evaluation of the Community Action Program for Children. The Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation, 14 (2), 29-56.

BETTER BEGINNINGS, BETTER FUTURES PROGRAMS/EVALUATION

Pancer, S. M., & Foxall, K. (1998, July). Our journey from Better Beginnings to Better Futures: The personal stories of community residents. Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.

Pancer, S. M., Nelson, G., Dearing, B. & S., & Hayward, K. (in press). Promoting wellness in children and families through community-based interventions: The Highfield Community Enrichment Project (Better Beginnings, Better Futures). In K. Kufeldt & B. McKenzie (Eds.), Child welfare: Connecting research, policy and practice. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.

Peters, R. D., Arnold, R., Petrunka, K., Angus, D. E., Brophy, K., Burke, S. O., et al. (2000, November). Developing capacity and competence in the Better Beginnings, Better Futures communities: Short-term findings report. Chapter 1: Report Summary. Kingston, ON: Better Beginnings, Better Futures Research Coordination Unit Technical Report.

Peters, R. D., Arnold, R., Petrunka, K., Angus, D. E., Brophy, K., Burke, S. O., et al. (2000, November). Developing capacity and competence in the Better Beginnings, Better Futures communities: Short-term findings report: Executive Summary. Kingston, ON: Better Beginnings, Better Futures Research Coordination Unit Technical Report.

ONTARIO EARLY YEARS/EVALUATION

Bader, E. (2003). Developing "father friendly" Early Years centres: Tips for program directors. Unpublished manuscript.

Berman, Rachel. (2003). The Early Years connections Ontario project. Unpublished manuscript, Ryerson University.

Centre for Research and Education in Human Service. (2001, October). Evaluation of the Ontario Early Years Demonstration Projects. Retrieved May 2, 2003, from http://www.crehs.on.ca/files/execsumm%20final.pdf

Connor, S., & Brink, S. (1999, August). Understanding the Early Years: Community impacts on child development (No. W-99-6E). Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.hrdc-drhc.gc.ca/sp-ps/arb-dgra/publications/research/1999docs/abw- 99-6e.shtml

First Ministers. (2000). Early childhood development: First Ministers' meeting communique. [Brochure]. Ottawa: The Child Care Advocacy Association of Canada.

Healthy Babies Healthy Children. (2002, Fall). The Importance of the Early Years: What A Child Learns Before Age Six Lasts Forever. Retrieved April 8, 2003, from http://www.toronto.ca/health/pdf/hbhc_fall2002.pdf

KSI Research International Inc., Applied Research Branch Strategic Policy, & Human Resources Development Canada. (2003, April). Understanding the Early Years: Early childhood development in Hampton/Sussex, New Brunswick. Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.hrdc-drhc.gc.ca/sp-ps/arb- dgra/publications/research/2002docs/vey_hampton/veyhampton.pdf

Lu, V. (2002, September 6). Broken pledges on Early Years: Report laments lack of action for children. The Toronto Star. Retrieved October 1, 2002, from http://www.childcarecanada.org/ccin/2002/ccin9_6_02.html

McCain, M. N., & Mustard, J. F. (2002, August). The Early Years study: Three years later. From early child development to human development: Enabling communities. Toronto: The Founders' Network.

Ministry of Community and Social Services. (2001). Planning the Ontario Early Years centres: Guidelines for communities. Toronto: Ministry of Community and Social Services.

Ministry of Community, Family, and Children's Services. (2002, May). Ontario Early Years Centre Coming to a Community Near You. Retrieved January 28, 2003, from http://www.ontarioearlyyears.ca/oeyc/en/News/may2802.htm

Ministry of Community, Family, and Children's Services. (2003, March 6). Locations [of Early Years centres]. Retrieved January 28, 2003, from http://www.ontarioearlyyears.ca/oeyc/en/Location/Map.htm

Mustard, F., & McCain, M. (1999, April). The Early Years study: Reversing the real brain drain: Final report. Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://www.childcarecanada.org/policy/polstudies/can/earlyyrs.html

Mustard, J. F., McCain, M. N., & Bertrand, J. (2000). Changing beliefs to change policy: The Early Years study. Isuma, 1 (2), 1-7. Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://www.isuma.net/v01n02/mustard/mustard_e.shtml

Ontario Early Years. (2003, June). Ontario Early Years Centre data element definitions. Toronto: Ontario Early Years. Ontario Early Years. (2003, July). Ontario Early Years Challenge Fund data element definitions. Toronto: Ontario Early Years.

Taylor, A., Lomotey, J., & Majstorovic, N. (2003). Greater than the sum of its parts? Measuring the character and structure of community-wide Early Years service systems using the community services inventory. Unpublished manuscript.

IMPACTS OF FRPS

Astone, N. M., Nathanson, C. A., Schoen, R., & Kim, Y. J. (1999). Family demography, social theory, and investment in social capital. Population and Development Review, 25, 1-19. Retrieved March 3, 2003, from: http://web2.infotrqac- custom.com/pdfserve/get_item/1/s074471w2_1/sb273_01.pdf

Batavick, L. (1997). Community-based family support and youth development: Two movements, one philosophy. Child Welfare, 76 (5), 1-12. Retrieved March 20, 2003, from http://0-proquest.umicom.innopac.lib.ryerson.ca/pqdweb

Beach, J., Bertrand, J., Childcare Resource and Research Unit, & Centre for Urban and Community Studies. (2000, October). More than the sum of the parts: An early childhood development system for Canada. Toronto: Childcare Resource and Research Unit and Centre for Urban and Community Studies at the University of Toronto.

Bogenschneider, K., Friese, B., & Balling, K. (Spring, 2002). Connecting good research and ideas with policymaking. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/pp3.html

Bohan-Baker, M., Little, P., & Harvard Family Research Project. (2002). The transition to kindergarten: A review of current research and promising practices to involve families. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, Harvard Family Research Project.

Brissette, I., Cohen, S., & Seeman, T. (2000). Measuring social integration and social networks. In S. Cohen, L. Underwood & B. Gottlieb (Eds.), Social support measurement: A guide for health and social scientists (pp. 53-85). New York: Oxford University Press.

Bullen, P., & Onyx, J. (1999). Social capital: Family support services and neighbourhood and community centres in NSW. Unpublished manuscript.

Campaign 2000. (2002, October). Diversity or disparity? Early childhood education and care in Canada: Community indicators project report. Retrieved April 16, 2003, from http://www.campaign2000.ca/ci/rep10_02/ECEreport10_02.pdf

Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs. (2002, January). Community supports and the early childhood development initiative. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs. Canadian Council on Social Development. (2002). The progress of Canada's children: Highlights. Retrieved May 28, 2003, from http://www.ccsd.ca/pubs/2002/pcc02/hl.pdf

Childcare Resource and Research Unit, & Centre for Urban and Community Studies. (2003, February). Early childhood education and care in Canada 2001: Summary. Retrieved February 24, 2003, from http://www.childcarecanada.org/pubs/pdf/ECEC2001sum.pdf

Child Trends. (2000, May). Preventing problems vs. promoting the positive: What do we want for our children? Retreived May 7, 2003, from http://www.childtrends.org/PDF/posdev.pdf

Clutterbuck, P. (2001, November 23). Social inclusion: "Raising or REMOVING the bar"? Retrieved February 21, 2003, from http://laidlawfdn.org

Cochran, M. (1991). Personal social networks as a focus of support. Prevention in Human Services, 9 (1), 45-67.

Coffman, J. (1997). Building the capacity to build capacity. The Evaluation Exchange, 3 (1). Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/hfrp/content/eval/issue7/eval7.pdf

Coffman, J. (2002, Spring). A conversation with Michael Quinn Patton. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/quanda.html

Connor, S., & Brink, S. (1999, August). The impacts of non-parental care on child development (No. W-00-2E). Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.hrdc- drhc.gc.ca/sp-ps/arb-dgra/publications/research/2000docs/abw-00-2e.shtml

Coulton, C. J. (1995). Using community-level indicators of children's well-being in comprehensive community intiatives. In New approaches to evaluating community intiatives: Vol. 1. Concepts, methods, and contexts. Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://aspenroundtable.org/vol1/coulton.htm

Data Trends. (2003, July). Data trends: Summaries of research on mental health services for children and adolescents and their families (No. 79). Retrieved August 7, 2003, from http://www.rtckids.fmhi.usf.edu/rtcpubs/datatrends/summary_79.pdf

Doucette-Gates, A. (2000). Capturing data: Negotiating cross-agency systems. Education and Treatment of Children, 23 (1), 5-20.

Dunst, C. J., Trivette, C. M., & Thompson, R. B. (1991). Supporting and strengthening family functioning: Toward a congruence between principles and practice. Prevention in Human Services, 9 (1), 19-43.

Durst, D. (1999). Canada's National Child Benefit. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing. Edwards, P. (1999). Growing healthy Canadians: A guide for positive child development. Toronto: The Canadian Mothercraft Society, Craig Shields of Human Services Consultants, & Health Canada.

Emig, C., Moore, A., & Scarupta, H. J. (2001, October). School readiness: Helping communities get children ready for school and schools ready for children. Retrieved February 21, 2003, from http://www.childtrends.org

Freiler, C. (2000). Social inclusion as a focus of well being for children and families. Unpublished Manuscript.

Friendly, M., Beach, J., & Turiano, M. (2002, December). Early childhood education and care in Canada 2001. Retrieved April 29, 2003, from http://www.childcareCanada.org/ECECC2001/ON.pdf

Friendly, M., & Lero, D. S. (2002, June). Social inclusion through early childhood education and care. Retrieved February 21, 2003, from http://laidlawfdn.org

Hanvey, L. (2002, November). The progress of Canada's children 2002. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Council on Social Development.

Hertzman, C. (2000). The case for an early childhood development strategy. Isuma, 1 (2), 1-17. Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://isuma.net/v01no2/hertzman/hertzman_e.shtml

Hertzman, C. (2002, May). Leave no child behind: Social exclusion and child development. Retrieved February 21, 2003, from http://laidlawfdn.org

Hertzman, C., & Kohen, D. (2003, Autumn). For child development. Transition, 33(3), 3- 5.

Hughey, J., Speer, P. W., & Peterson, N. A. (1999). Sense of community in community organizations: Structure and evidence of validity. Journal of Community Psychology, 27 (1), 97-113.

Human Resources Development Canada. (2002). More parents spend critical first year with their children in 2001: Enhanced employment insurance maternity and parental benefits a great success. Ottawa: Human Resources Development Canada.

Jacobson, W., MacMaster, P., Thonnings, T., & Cahn, E. (2000). Family support dollars: How to build community using social capital. U.S.A: Family Support America.

Kirk, R.H. (2003). Family support: The roles of early years’ centres. Children & Society, 17, 85-99. Retrieved October 31, 2003 from www.interscience.wiley.com. Kreider, H., & Harvard Family Research Project. (2002). Getting parents "ready" for kindergarten: The role of early childhood education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University, Harvard Family Research Project.

Lakey, B., & Cohen, S. (2000). Social support theory. In S. Cohen, L. Underwood, & B. Gottlieb (Eds.), Social support measurement and intervention: A guide for health and social scientists (pp. 29-52). New York: Oxford University Press.

Lauziere, M. (2000). Early Childhood Development Initiative: Challenges for the voluntary sector. Perception, 24 (3), 1-3. Retrieved February 19, 2003, from http://www.ccsd.ca/perception/243/ecd.htm

Lero, D. S. (2003, February). Research on parental leave policies and children's development: Implications for policy makers and service providers. In R. E. Tremblay, R. G. Garr & R. de V. Peters (Eds.), Encyclopedia on early childhood development. Retrieved April 30, 2003, from http://www. Excellence-jeunes enfants.ca/documents/LeroANGxp.pdf

Lipps, G., & Yiptong-Avila, J. (1999). From home to school: How Canadian children cope: Initial analyses using data from the second cycle of the school component of the National Longitudinal Study of Children and Youth. Ottawa: Statistics Canada.

Lopez, M. E. (2002, Spring). Learning from families. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/theory.html

Lopez, M. E. (2002, Spring). When parents assess schools. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/bbt1.html

Luxton, M. (2002, June). Feminist perspectives on social inclusion and children's well- being. Retrieved February 21, 2003, from http://laidlawfdn.org

McKey, R. H. (2003, Winter). The Head Start family and child experiences survey (FACES): What are we learning about program quality and child development? Retrieved May 7, 2003, from http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/core/ongoing_research/faces/nhsa/nhsa_home.h tml

Moher, C. (1999). Community economic development in FRPs: Part II. Ontario Connections, 14 (3 & 4), 1.

Moss, P. (1995). Defining objectives in early childhood services. Proceedings at the European Conference on the Quality of Early Childhood Education, France, 1- 16. National Association fot the Education of Young Children (NAEYC). (1995, July). NAEYC position statement on school readiness. Washington, DC: National Association for the Education of Young Children.

The National Children's Alliance. (2003, June 27). Recommendations for Canada's National Plan of Action for Children. Retrieved August 7, 2003, from http://www.rtckids.fmhi.usf.edu/rtcpubs/datatrends/summary_79.pdf

Omidvar, R., &Richmond, T. (2003, January). Immigrant settlement and social inclusion in Canada. Retrieved February 21, 2003, from http://laidlawfdn.org

Reis, H., & Collins, N. (2000). Measuring relationship properties and interactions relevant to social support. In S. Cohen, L. Underwood & B. Gottlieb (Eds.), Social support measurement and intervention: A guide for health and social scientists (pp. 136-192). New York: Oxford University Press.

Reitsma-Street, M., & Rogerson, P. (1999). Implementing principles: An alternative community organization for children. In K. A. Blackford, M. L. Garceau & S. Kirby (Eds.), Feminist success stories (pp. 289-306). Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press.

Reynolds, A. J., Temple, J. A., Robertson, D. L., & Mann, E. A. (2002, February). Age 21 cost-benefit analysis of the title I Chicago child-parent centers (No. 1245-02). Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Prevention Research,Washington, DC. Retrieved September 23, 2003, from http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/irp/pubs/dp124502.pdf.

Search Institute. (2000). Developmental assets: An overview. Retrieved August 7, 2003, from http://www.search-institute.org/assets/#More%20Information

Search Institute. (2000). 40 Developmental assets for elementary-age children. Retrieved August 7, 2003, from http://www.search-institute.org/assets/elementary.html

Search Institute. (2000). 40 Developmental assets for infants. Retrieved August 7, 2003, from http://www.search-institute.org/assets/infants.html

Search Institute. (2000). 40 Developmental assets for preschoolers. Retrieved August 7, 2003, from http://www.search-institute.org/assets/preschoolers.html

Search Institute. (2000). 40 Developmental assets for toddlers. Retrieved August 7, 2003, from http://www.search-institute.org/assets/toddlers.html

Search Institute. (2000). Forty developmental assets. Retrieved August 7, 2003, from http://www.search-institute.org/assets/forty.html

Sherraden, M. S., & Barrera, R. E. (1997). Family support and birth outcomes among second-generation Mexican immigrants. The Social Service Review, 71 (4), 607- 633. Retrieved on March 21, 2003, from http://O- www.csa2.com.innopac.lib.ryerson.ca:80/htbin/ids60/procskel.cgi

Shields, C. (1995). Improving the life prospects of children: A community systems approach. Child Welfare, 73 (3), 605-618. Retrieved March 3, 2003, from http://80-proquest.umi.com.ezproxy.library.yorku.ca

Taylor, A. R., Sylvestre. J. C., & Botschner, J. V. (1998). Social support is something you do, not something you provide: Implications for linking formal and informal support. Journal of Leisurability, 25 (4), 3-13.

Thurton, L. (2003). Toronto's family resource programs and their influence on child development. Unpublished manuscript, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada.

Traub, F., Lopez, M. E. (2002, Spring). From health consumers to health consumer researchers. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/bbt4.html

Willms, AJ. D. (2001). Three hypotheses about community effects on social outcomes. Isuma, 2 (1) 1-15. Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://www.isuma.net/v02n01/willms/willms_e.shtml

Wills, T., & Shinar, O. (2000). Measuring perceived and received social support. In S. Cohen, L. Underwood &B. Gottlieb (Eds.), Social support measurement and intervention: A guide for health and social scientists (pp. 86-135). New York: Oxford University Press.

Zaslow, M., Calkins, J., & Halle, T. (2000, December). Background for community-level work on school readiness: A review of definitions, assessments, and investment strategies. Retrieved February 21, 2003, from http://www.childtrends.org

Zizys, T. (1998). Community economic development & FRP's. Ontario Connections, 13 (3), 1.

FAMILY STUDIES

Beauregard, F., & Brown, F. (2000). Supporting Fathers. Ottawa: Canadian Association of Family Resource Programs.

Calliste, A. (1996). Black families in Canada: Exploring the interconnections of race, class and gender. In M. Lynn (Ed.), Voices: Essays on Canadian families (pp.243- 269). Scarborough, ON.: Nelson Canada.

Carey, E. (2003, January 25). Importing diversity across GTA. Toronto Star, pp. B4-5. Fiske, J., & Johnny, R. (1996). The Nedut'en family: Yesterday and today. In M. Lynn (Ed.), Voices: Essays on Canadian families (pp. 225-241). Scarborough, ON.: Nelson Canada.

Green, K. L., & The participants of "We Did It Together." (2001). Telling it like it is: The realities of parenting in poverty. Saskatoon: Prairie Women's Health Centre of Excellence.

Horn, W. F. (1998). Father facts: Third edition. Gaithersburg, Maryland: The National Fatherhood Initiative.

Janzen, R., Ochocka, J., Sundar, P., & Fuller, C. (2001, April). Study on parenting issues of newcomer families in Ontario: Waterloo region findings. Ontario: Centre for Research & Education in Human Services.

Lefebvre, P., & Merrigan, P. (1998, October). Family background, family income, maternal work and child development (No. W-98-12E). Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.hrdc-drhc.gc.ca/sp-ps/arb-dgra/publications/research/abw-98- 12e.shtml

Lero, D. S. (1996). Dual-earner families. In M. Lynn (Ed.), Voices: Essays on Canadian families (pp. 19-53). Scarborough, ON: Nelson Canada.

Lynn, M. (1996). Voices: Essays on Canadian families. Toronto: An International Thomson Publishing Company.

Lynn, M. M. (1996). Single parent families. In M. Lynn (Ed.), Voices: Essays on Canadian families (pp. 55-80). Scarborough, ON: Nelson Canada.

Moore, K. A., Chalk, R., Scarpa, J., & Vandivere, S. (2002, August). Family strengths: Often overlooked, but real. Retrieved February 21, 2003, from: http://www.childtrends.org

Man, G. (1996). The experience of middle-class women in recent Hong Kong Chinese immigrant families in Canada. In M. Lynn (Ed.), Voices: Essays on Canadian families (pp. 271-300). Scarborough, ON: Nelson Canada.

Neysmith, S. M. (2000). Restructuring caring labour: Discourse, state practice, and everyday life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Ng. R. (1996). The politics of community services: Immigrant women, class and state: Second edition. Halifax: Fernwood Publishing.

Seifert, T., Canning, P., & Lindemann, B. (2001, March). A study of family, child care and well-being in young Canadian families (No. W-02-3-1E). Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.hrdc-drhc.gc.ca/sp-ps/arb- dgra/publications/research/2002docs/SP-554-12-02/W-02-3-1E.pdf Taynor, J., Nelson, R. W., & Daugherty, W. K. (1990). The family intervention scale: Assessing treatment outcome. Families in Society, 71, 202-210.

Thompson, L. (1992). Feminist methodology for family studies. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 54, 3-18.

Walsh, C. (1999). Young mothers: A poverty of support. In M. Denton, M.A. Hadjukowski-Ahmed, M. O’Connor, & I.U. Zeytinoglu (Eds.), Women’s voices in health promotion (pp.164-177). Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press.

(Wang, S, personal communication, September, 2002) **Note: personal communications should not be added to the reference list. They should be cited in the text as demonstrated above. The title of this draft is: “Immigration database description.”

RESEARCH METHODS

Adler, P. A., & Adler, P. (2002). The reluctant respondent. In J. F. Gubrium & J. A. Holstein (Eds.), Handbook of interview research: Context & method (pp. 515- 535). California, USA: Sage Publications.

Alldred, P. (1998). Ethnography and discourse analysis: Dilemmas in representing the voices of children. In J. Ribbens & R. Edwards (Eds.), Feminist dilemmas in qualitative research: Public knowledge and private lives (pp.147-170). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Barnsley, J., & Ellis, D. (1992). Research for change: Participatory action research for community groups. Vancouver, B.C.: Women's Research Centre.

Barrett, P. A. (2001). The early mothering project: What happened when the words 'action research' came to life for a group of midwives. In P. Reason & H. Bradbury (Eds.), Handbook of action research: Participative inquiry and practice (pp. 294-300). London: Sage Publications.

Bernard, N., Raven, P., Rivard, M., Samson, Y., Vanderplaat, M., & Vivian Book, L. (1999, April 9). Learning to listen: What program participants can teach us about empowerment. Paper presented at the 5th International Qualitative Health Research Conference. Retrieved February 26, 2003 from, http://www.hc- sc.gc.ca/hppb/regions/atlantic/pdf/mqade.pdf

Bernard, N., Raven, P., Rivard, M., Sampson, Y., VanderPlaat, M., & Vivian Book, L. (1999, April 9). Made to measure: Qualitative data and evaluation empowerment research. Paper presented at the 5th International Qualitative Health Research Conference. Retrieved June 23, 2003, from http://www.hc- sc.gc.ca/hppb/regions/atlantic/pdf/made.pdf

Bhopal, K. (2000). Gender, 'race' and power in the research process. In C. Truman, D. M. Mertens &B. Humphries (Eds.), Research and inequality (pp. 67-79). London: UCL Press.

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Edwards, R. (1998). A critical examination of the use of interpreters in the qualitative research process. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 24 (1), 197-208.

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Fook, J., Munford, R., & Sanders, J. (1999). Interviewing and evaluating. In I. Shaw & J. Lishman (Eds.), Evaluation and social work practice (pp. 164-181). London: Sage Publications.

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Heron, J., & Reason, P. (2001). The practice of co-operattive inquiry: Research 'with' rather than 'on' people. In P. Reason & H. Bradbury (Eds.), Handbook of action research: Participative inquiry and practice (pp. 179-188). London: Sage Publications.

Hills, M. D. (2001). Using co-operative inquiry to transform evaluation of nursing students' clinical practice. In P. Reason & H. Bradbury (Eds.), Handbook of action research: Participative inquiry and practice (pp. 340-347). London: Sage Publications.

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Johnson, K. (2002, Spring). Lessons from a partnership model project. The Evaluation Exchange, 8 (1). Retrieved August 29, 2003, from http://www.gse.harvard.edu/~hfrp/eval/issue18/bbt3.html

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Maguire, P. (2001). Uneven ground: Feminisms and action research. In P. Reason & H. Bradbury (Eds.), Handbook of action research: Participative inquiry and practice (pp. 59-69). London: Sage Publications.

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Seeley, K., Martinez, J., Mehesy, C., & MacGillivary, H. (2002, September). Families speak out: "This is what success looks like for my family: Executive report on selected findings from 35 family focus groups. Retrieved August 7, 2003, from http://www.coloradofoundation.org/familiesspeakout.pdf

Seeley, K., Martinez, J., Mehesy, C., & MacGillivary, H. (2002, September). Final report on familywise focus groups. Retrieved August 25, from http://www.coloradofoundation.org/CompleteFMSPReport.pdf

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Standing, K. (1998). Writing the voices of the less powerful: Research on lone mothers. In J. Ribbens & R. Edwards (Eds.), Feminist dilemmas in qualitative research: Public knowledge and private lives (pp.186-202). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

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Smith, S. (1993). Who’s talking/Who’s talking back? The subject of personal narrative. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 18(2), 392-407.

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Whitmore, E., & Mckee, C. (2001). Six street youth who could… In P. Reason & H. Bradbury (Eds.), Handbook of action research: Participative inquiry and practice (pp. 396-402 ). London: Sage Publications.

STATISTICS

Canadian Council on Social Development. (2003, May 16). Census shows growing polarization of income in Canada. Retrieved May 20, 2003, from http://www.ccsd.ca/pr/2003/censusincome.htm

Canadian Council on Social Development. (2003, June 15). Fact sheet #1: The third pillar of Canadian society. Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.ccsd.ca/pubs/2003/fm/fs1.htm

Canadian Council on Social Development. (2003, June 15). Fact sheet #2: An unstable, unpredictable and fiercely competitive funding environment. Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.ccsd.ca/pubs/2003/fm/fs2.htm

Canadian Council on Social Development. (2003, June 15). Fact sheet #3: Administration: The new dirty word in funding. Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.ccsd.ca/pubs/2003/fm/fs3.htm

Canadian Council on Social Development. (2003, June 15). Fact sheet #4: Nonprofit and voluntary organizations respond to change. Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.ccsd.ca/pubs/2003/fm/fs4.htm

Canadian Council on Social Development. (2003, June 15). Fact sheet #5: The funding fall-out. Retrieved June 18, 2003, from http://www.ccsd.ca/pubs/2003/fm/fs5.htm

Child Resource and Research Unit. (2000, February 13). Statistics summary: Canadian early childhood care and education in the 1990s. Retrieved on January 23, 2003, from http://www.childcarecanada.org/resources/CRRUpubs/factsheets/statsum2.html

Child Trends. (2003). Attendance and attainment. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/attendance.cfm Child Trends. (2003). Basic demographic characteristics. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/basic.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Behaviors that affect learning. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/behaviors2.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Births and related outcomes. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/outcomes.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Death. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/death.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Delinquency and crime. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/delinquency.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Drugs, alcohol, and tabacco. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/drugs.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Early development. Retrieved September 9, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/early.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Education-related assets. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/assets.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Employment. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/employment.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). The family. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsbank.org/thefamily.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Family structure and living arrangements. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/family.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Health care. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/coverage.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Health-related behaviors. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/behaviors.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Health status and disability. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/status.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Learning assessments. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/assessments.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Mental health. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/mental.cfm Child Trends. (2003). Parent's educational attainment. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/attainment.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Peer relationships. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/peer.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Poverty, income and wealth. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/poverty.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Pro-social activities and attitudes. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/prosocial.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). School and community. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/school.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Sexual activity and teen childbearing. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/childbearing.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Social support benefits. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/benefits.cfm

Child Trends. (2003). Violence. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.childtrendsdatabank.org/violence.cfm

Clark, W. (2002, Autumn). Time alone. Canadian Social Trends, 68 (Catalogue No. 11- 008). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/kits/pdf/social/alone.pdf

Peters, A. (2002). Is your community child-friendly? Canadian Social Trends, 67, 2-5. Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://estat.statcan.ca/content/english/articles/cst/cst-soc31.pdf

Salkind, N. J. (2000). Statistics for people who (think they) hate statistics. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.

Statistics Canada. (1996). Population by Aboriginal group, 1996 Census, metropolitan areas. Retrieved December 13, 2002, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/demo39b.htm

Statistics Canada. (1996). Population by visible minority population, 1996 Census (Canada). Retrieved April 28, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/census96/feb17/vmcan.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2001, April 11). Total population by visible minority population, 1996 Census (Ontario). Retrieved December 13, 2002, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/census96/feb17/vmon.htm Statistics Canada. (2001, December 18). Ethnic origins in Canada, showing single and multiple responses, 1996 Census. Retrieved April 28, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/census96/feb17/eo1can.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2001, December 18). Ethnic origins in Ontario, showing single and multiple responses, 1996 Census. Retrieved April 28, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/census96/feb17/eo1.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2002). Canada at a glance(Catalogue No. 12-581-XPE). Retrieved December 13, 2002, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/12-581-XIE/12- 581-XIE01001.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2002). Canada: Migratory exchanges (5-14 years), 1996-2001 by 2001 Census division (Map)(Catalogue No. 92F-0173-XIE2001000). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://geodepot.statcan.ca/Diss/Maps/ThamaticMaps/Mobility/national/Cda_Land Migrate_CND_5-14_Ec_f1.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2002). Canada: Migratory exchanges (15-29 years), 1996-2001 by 2001 Census division (Map)(Catalogue No. 92F-0173-XIE2001000). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://geodepot.statcan.ca/Diss/Maps/ThamaticMaps/Mobility/national/Cda_Land Migrate_CND_15-29_Ec_f1.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2002). Canada: Migratory exchanges (30-44 years), 1996-2001 by 2001 Census division (Map)(Catalogue No. 92F-0173-XIE2001000). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://geodepot.statcan.ca/Diss/Maps/ThamaticMaps/Mobility/national/Cda_Land Migrate_CND_30-44_Ec_f1.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2002). Canada: Proportion of Francophones, 2001 by Census Division (Map)(Catalogue No. 92F-0173-XIE2001000). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://geodepot.statcan.ca/Diss/Maps/ThamaticMaps/language/national/Cda_Lang Migrate_Ec_f4.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2002, March 12). 2001 Census: Population and dwelling counts. The Daily. Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/020312/td020312.htm

Statistics Canada. (2002, December). 2001 Census: Analysis series: Profile of the Canadian population by mobility status: Canada, a nation on the move (Catalogue No. 96F0030XIE2001006). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/analytic/companion/mob/pdf/96 F0030XIE2001006.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2002, July 16). Population counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census divisions by urban and rural, 2001 Census: 100% data. Retrieved on January 23, 2003, from http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/popdwell/Table-UR- D.cfm?PR=.

Statistics Canada. (2002, October 22). Profile of Canadian families and households: Diversification continues (Catalogue No. 96F0030XIE2001003). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.12statcan.ca/english/census01/products/analytic/companion/fam/pdf/9 6F0030XIE2001003.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2002). Profile of languages in Canada: English, French and many others (Highlights). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.12statcan.ca/english/census01/products/analytic/companion/lang/pdf/ 96F0030XIE2001005.pdf

Statistics Canada. (2002, October 30). 2001 Census: Marital status, common-law status, families, dwellings, and households. The Daily. Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/021022/td021022.htm

Statistics Canada. (2002, November 5). Population by ethnic origin, 1996 Census, metropolian areas. Retrieved December 13, 2002, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/demo28f.htm

Statistics Canada. (2002, November 5). Population by mother tongue, 1996 Census (Canada, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan). Retrieved December 13, 2002, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/demo18b.htm

Statistics Canada. (2002, November 5). Population by mother tongue, 1996 Census, census metropolitan areas (Halifax, Saint John, Chicoutimi-Jonquiere, Quebec). Retrieved December 13, 2002, from http://statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/demo18d.htm

Statistics Canada. (2002, November 5). Population by mother tongue, 1996 Census, census metropolitan areas (Toronto, Hamilton, St. Catherines, Niagara, Kitchener, London). Retrieved December 13, 2002, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/demo18f.htm

Statistics Canada. (2002, November 8). Age pyramid of population of Canada, 1901- 2001. Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.12statcan.ca/english/census0...ts/analytic/companion/age/cda01pymd. cfm

Statistics Canada. (2002, November 21). Low income cut-offs (LICOs). Retrieved November 21, 2002, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/census2001/dict/fam021.htm

Statistics Canada. (2002, November 21). Profile of citizenship, immigration, birthplace, generation status, ethnic origin, visible minorities and Aboriginal Peoples, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census divisions and Census subdivisions, 2001 Census (Canada) (Catalogue No. 95F0489XCB01001). Retrieved on January 30, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca

Statistics Canada. (2002, November 21). Profile of citizenship, immigration, birthplace, generation status, ethnic origin, visible minorities and Aboriginal peoples, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census divisions and Census subdivisions, 2001 Census (Ontario) (Catalogue No. 95F0489XCB01001). Retrieved on January 30, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca

Statistics Canada. (2002, December 10). Profile of the Canadian population by mobility status: Canada, a nation on the move (Catalogue No. 96F0030XIE2001006). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.12statcan.ca/english/census01/products/analytic/companion/mob/cont ents.cfm

Statistics Canada. (2002, December 16). Age groups (12B), number of grandparents (3A) and sex (3) for grandchildren living with grandparents with no parent present, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, 1991 to 2001 Census: 20% sample data (Canada) (Catalogue No. 97F0005XCB01042). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.12statcan.ca/english/census01/

Statistics Canada. (2002, December 16). Age groups (12B), number of grandparents (3A) and sex (3) for grandchildren living with grandparents with no parent present, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, 1991 to 2001 Census: 20% sample data (Ontario)(Catalogue No. 97F0005XCB01042).Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.12statcan.ca/english/census01/

Statistics Canada. (2002, December 18). Profile of languages in Canada: English, French and many others (Catalogue No. 96F0030XIE2001005). Retrieved January 31, 2003, from http://www.12statcan.ca/english/census01/products/analytic/companion/lang/cont ents.cfm

Statistics Canada. (2002, December 30). Statistics for Ontario Francophone population (1996 Census). Retrieved on January 23, 2003, from http://www.ofa.gov.on.ca/english/map.html

Statistics Canada. (2002, December 30). Statistics for Ontario on Francophone population (Regions) (1996 Census). Retrieved on January 23, 2003, from http://www.ofa.gov.on.ca/english/map-reg.html

Statistics Canada. (2003, January 6). Aboriginal identity population, 2001 counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories: 20% sample data. Retreived on January 22, 2003, from http://www12.statcan.cac/english/census01/products/highlight/Aboriginal/Page Statistics Canada. (2003, January). Census families by number of children at home, 2001 Cenus (Ontario). Retrieved January 22, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/famil50g.htm

Statistics Canada. (2003, January 9). Labour force, employed and unemployed, numbers and rates (2002). Retrieved on January 22, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/labor07b.htm

Statistics Canada. (2003, January 17). Visible minority groups: Percentage distribution, for Canada, Provinces and Territories: 20% sample data, 2001. Retrieved on January 30, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca

Statistics Canada. (2003, January 18). Selected ethnic origins, for Canada, Provinces and Territories: 20% sampl (Canada). Retrieved on January 30, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/census01/prod.../Table.cfm?

Statistics Canada. (2003, January 18). Selected ethnic origins, for Canada, Provinces and Territories: 20% sample data (Ontario). Retrieved on January 23, 2003, from http://www.12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/highlight/ETO/Table1.cfm?

Statistics Canada. (2003, January 22). Population by marital status and sex. Retrieved on January 22, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/famil01b.htm

Statistics Canada. (2003, July 3). Aboriginal identity (8), age groups (11B), sex (3) and area of residence for population, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, 2001 Census: 20% sample data (Ontario)(Catalogue No. 97F0011XCB01001). Retrieved on January 23, 2003, from http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census01/products/standard/themes/RetrieveProd uctTable.cf

Statistics Canada. (2003, July 3). Visible minority groups (15) and sex (3) for population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census metropolitan areas and Census agglomerations, 2001 Census: 20% sample data (Catalogue No. 97F001OXCB01002). Retrieved January 30, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca

Statistics Canada. (2003, July 3). Visible minority groups (15) and immigration (11) for population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census metropolitan areas and Census agglomerations, 2001 Census: 20% sample data (Catalogue No. 97F0010XCB01003). Retrieved January 30, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca

Statistics Canada. (2003, September 3). Canadian community health survey: Mental health and well-being. The Daily. Retrieved September 8, 2003, from http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/030903/d030903c.htm

POLICY CONTEXT

Alberta’s Commission on Learning. (2003, October). Every child learns, every child succeeds: Report and recommendations. Alberta: Author. Childcare Resource and Research Unit. (2001, Fall) Perspectives on recent studies linking amount of time spent in child care to behaviour. Retrieved October 21, 2003 from http://www.childcarecanada.org/resources/issues/PQsum03.html

Childcare Resource and Research Unit. (2003) Preventing crime with quality child care: A critical investment in Minnesota’s Safety. [Review of the project Fight Crime: Invest in Kids] Retrieved October 21, 2003 from http://www.childcarecanada/org/policy/polstudies/us/minncrime.html

Childcare Resource and Research Unit. (2003, October) Parents’ Eye: Building a vision of equality and inclusion in child care services. [Review of the project Parents’ Eye] Retrieved October 21, 2003 from www.childcarecanada.org/research/complete/parentseye.html

Lemieux, D. (2003, October). Un movement familial au Quebec: De la solidarité à l’engagement politique. Paper presented at the exposé à la Conférence nationale 2003 de Services à la famille-Canada, Ottawa, Canada.

EMPOWERMENT

Cochran, M. (Ed.). (1992) Empowerment & Family Support. Ithica: Cornell Cooperative Extension.

Family Service Canada. (2003, October). National family week [Information package]. Ottawa: Family Service Canada.

PARENT INVOLVEMENT

Bernhard, J., Freire, M., Pacini-Ketchabaw, V., & Villanueva, V. (1998). A Latin- American parents’ group participates in their children’s schooling: Parent involvement reconsidered [Electronic version]. Canadian Ethnic Studies, 30(3), 77-99.

SOCIAL CAPITAL

Bellefeuille, G. (2003, October). The social capital mosaic: A new path of inquiry towards community wellness. Paper presented at the workshop during Family Service Canada 2003 National Conference, Ottawa, Canada.

Pearce, N., & Smith, G.D. (2003). Rekindling health care reform: Is social capital the key to inequalities in health? American Journal of Public Health, 93(1), 122-129.

COMMUNITY-BASED PROGRAM INFORMATION

Bourbeau, M. (2003, October). Lire et faire lire: Le plaisir de la lecture pour les enfants par des retraités bénévoles. Paper presented at the exposé à la Conférence nationale 2003 de Services à la famille-Canada, Ottawa, Canada.

COFAQ. (2003, Septembre). Le temps. Info-COFAQ, 18 (1), 1-26.

COFAQ. (2002, Avril). Les 30 ans de la COFAQ: La famille, source d’avenir! Info- COFAQ, 16 (3), 1-31

Family Service Canada. (2003, October). Annual report 2002-2003 (Annual General Meeting). Ottawa: Family Service Canada.

Latreille, A. (2003, October). L’École des parents. Paper presented at the exposé à la Conférence nationale 2003 de Services à la famille-Canada, Ottawa, Canada.

L’École des Parents. (2003). Pour être de meilleurs parents: Profitez de l’expérience des autres [Information package]. Montreal: L’École des Parents.