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On Mallarmé Part 2 Vol. X, No. 1 (winter 2017) ON MALLARMÉ PART 2 vvv MAST HEAD FOUNDED BY RAINER J. HANSHE & MARK DANIEL COHEN Publisher: Contra Mundum Press Location: New York, Helsinki, Paris Editors: Rainer J. Hanshe, Erika Mihálycsa Guest Curator: Kari Hukkila PDF Design: Giuseppe Bertolini Logo Design: Liliana Orbach Advertising & Donations: Giovanni Piacenza (To contact: [email protected]) Hyperion is published biannually by Contra Mundum Press, Ltd. P.O. Box 1326, New York, NY 10276, U.S.A. W: http://contramundum.net For advertising inquiries, e-mail Giovanni Piacenza: [email protected] Contents © 2017 Contra Mundum Press & each respective author unless otherwise noted. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from Contra Mundum Press. Republication is not permitted within six months of original publication. After two years, all rights revert to each respective author. If any work originally published by Contra Mundum Press is republished in any format, acknowledgement must be noted as following and include, in legible font (no less than 10 pt.), a direct link to our site: “Author, work title, Hyperion: On the Future of Aesthetics, Vol. #, No. # (YEAR) page #s. Originally published by Hyperion. Reproduced with permission of Contra Mundum Press.” VOL. X, NO. 1 (WINTER 2017) — ON MALLARMÉ: PART 2 Curated by Guest Editor KARI HUKKILA Quentin Meillassoux, Le Coup de dés, crypte chiffrée 0–42 Quentin Meillassoux, The Coup de dés, Encoded Crypt 43–86 Jean-Nicolas Illouz, Le Pari de Mallarmé. Note sur le livre 88–102 de Quentin Meillassoux, Le Nombre et la sirène Jean-Nicolas Illouz, Mallarmé’s Wager. A Note on Quentin 103–117 Meillassoux’s The Number and the Siren Thierry Roger, Le geste inactuel du coup de dés mallarméen 118–130 Patrick Thériault, Décrocher « cette vieille lune » : 132–143 Daniel Oster et la fiction mallarméenne du Livre Patrick Thériault, Chasing “That Old Moon”: 144–154 Daniel Oster and the Mallarméan Fiction of the Book Ann Smock, Improvisational Mallarmé 155–177 Florence Pazzottu, “Il faut que je le dise, mais il ne faut pas 178–186 que ça se sache” Florence Pazzottu, “I must say it, but it mustn’t be known” 187–195 Florence Pazzottu, and so (19 throws are dicing). 196–217 Extracts from L’Inadéquat (le lancer crée le dé) / The Unmatching (throwing creates the dice) Hélène Merlin-Kajman, An Expansion of the Power to Dream 219–221 Mary Shaw, dreamscapes: a mallarmé fan suite 222–242 List of Contributors Le Coup de dés, crypte chiffrée Quentin Meillassoux Une entreprise d’élucidation, fût-elle partielle, du Coup de dés, peut difficilement faire l’économie d’un fait que nous croyons directeur pour sa compréhension: à savoir que le poème est probablement chiffré. Qu’il le soit probablement, et non pas à coup sûr, c’est là, comme on le verra, un effet essentiel de son procédé de chiffrage. Mais qu’il le soit en tout cas selon toute probabilité, c’est ce que nous avons tenté d’établir ailleurs1, par une enquête dont nous allons rappeler les principaux éléments, sans nous interdire d’en rajouter certains qui convergent vers la même conclusion. Un chiffrage, on le sait, est banalement un code dont la clé n’est pas donnée au lecteur. Or, le code du Coup de dés, est quant à lui doublement chiffré: car non seulement celui-ci ne donne pas sa clé, mais surtout il ne se présente pas pour tel au lecteur. Si «secret» il y a (le mot désignant par ailleurs, on le sait, ce que le Maître du poème tient dans son poing crispé), c’est d’abord qu’il y a un «code secret». Le code est secret en ce que le secret principal est l’existence d’un code. Déchiffrer le code du poème, c’est avant tout découvrir qu’il y avait un chiffrage. Quant au contenu du chiffre — le «message» que le chiffre nous révèle une fois connu — il est, on va le voir, proche du néant. Le Coup de dés, autrement dit, repose sur un chiffrage qui ne code pour ainsi dire rien — et dont la part ésotérique principale tient à son existence même. En 1 Le Nombre et la sirène. Un déchiffrage du Coup de dés de Mallarmé (Fayard, 2011). cela réside le nerf de sa dynamique intime: ce que le procédé de chiffrage tient avant tout secret, c’est lui-même comme procédé, et de là résulte l’essentiel de sa signification comme de son enjeu. Pourquoi imputer à Mallarmé un tel protocole? C’est que cette technique lui permettait, bien employée, de résoudre, d’un même geste, deux problèmes majeurs qui s’imposèrent de façon insistante à son écriture durant les quinze dernières années de son existence — de 1885 environ, à 1898. À savoir: d’abord, le problème d’une poésie régulière à l’époque de la révolution du vers libre; et secondement, celui d’une religion de la poésie, face au défi wagnérien de «l’art total». Ces deux «lignes de problèmes» vont en effet, après une longe période faite à la fois de maturations et d’impasses, trouver dans le Coup de dés une réponse fulgurante et unifiée: réponse qui supposait, pour être rigoureuse, le chiffre. * * * Partons de la “trame” du poème, ou de ce qui en tient lieu. Celle-ci tient en l’exposition à peine suggérée (Page III) d’une scène de naufrage: un navire paraît avoir sombré dans une tempête, et ne surnage au désastre qu’un «Maître» (un maître d’équipage suppose-t-on), dont on ne sait rien, sinon qu’il va sans doute se noyer à son tour. La seule «action» de ce héros, dans tout le poème, consiste à tenir dans son poing plusieurs dés, sans doute deux, qu’il hésite à lancer dans les flots furieux (Pages IV–V). Les pages suivantes décrivent ce qui succède, semble-t-il, à la noyade du Maître, dont on ignore s’il a ou non lancé les dés avant d’être englouti. Un tourbillon apparaît (Page VI) — toujours suggéré plutôt que décrit — autour duquel tourne sans doute la toque du Maître, ainsi que l’aigrette qui était sur cette toque. La Page VIII décrit alors une stature énigmatique, «en torsion de sirène», souffletant un «roc (...) qui imposa une borne à l’infini». Toque et plume sombrent ensuite à leur tour dans le tourbillon, et ne demeure qu’un «inférieur clapotis quelconque», qui justifie la déclaration de la Page X: « RIEN N’AURA EU LIEU QUE LE 1 LIEU ». Il semble que rien ne se soit produit, que tous les acteurs du drame aient été abolis sans trace par une mer rendue à sa vaine monotonie. Mais soudain, le ciel nocturne, stellaire, paraît s’animer, comme si les étoiles se mettaient en mouvement, à la façon d’un coup de dés astral. Suppléant au lancer de dés du Maître, dont on ignore s’il a eu lieu, voici que le ciel lance les dés, et le résultat s’illumine, triomphant, sous la forme d’un Septentrion dont l’éclat final est comparé à un «sacre» (Page XI). Le poème, non ponctué, écrit sur l’espace de la double page (ou «Page»), déployé selon une typographie multiple et de corps différents, est constitué de trois propositions principales, le reste étant une nuée d’incises compliquant extraordinairement les deux premières phrases. Il y a d’abord l’énoncé qui répète le titre et ouvre le poème; « UN COUP DE DÉS / JAMAIS / N’ABOLIRA LE HASARD» écrit en grandes capitales, et qui court des Pages I à IX. La deuxième proposition intervient sur les Pages X et XI: «RIEN / de la mémorable crise / N’AURA EU LIEU / QUE LE LIEU / EXCEPTÉ / PEUT-ÊTRE / UNE CONSTELLATION». La troisième proposition est quant à elle très différente des deux précédentes, car l’énoncé est séparé du reste du texte, y compris visuellement, et il ne contient aucune incise. Il s’agit de l’énoncé final, qui conclut le drame à la façon d’une morale: « Toute Pensée émet un Coup de Dés ». Par ailleurs, point central de notre enquête, le poème évoque un nombre énigmatique. Ce «Nombre», écrit avec une majuscule, apparaît à deux reprises dans le poème. Il indique le total éventuel du lancer de dés du Maître. Or le résultat de ce lancer semble porteur d’une nécessité supérieure. La première mention l’introduit en effet de cette façon : «LE MAÎTRE» (surgi soudain de la scène de naufrage) infère de «la conflagration à ses pieds / de l’horizon unanime / que se prépare (...) l’unique Nombre qui ne peut pas être un autre» (Page IV). Autrement dit, le Maître surnageant au désastre, infère de la conjonction de la tempête et de son prochain coup de dés, l’advenue d’un «unique Nombre», 2 d’une nécessité sans pareille. C’est ce Nombre en gestation qui est explicitement identifié à un «secret» — secret que le héros tient dans son poing, alors que son hésitation l’immobilise tel un «cadavre». Que peut donc signifier cet énoncé: «l’unique Nombre qui ne peut pas être un autre»? Et pourquoi le Maître produit-il cette étrange inférence? Enfin, si produire ce Nombre lui paraît si essentiel, pourquoi hésite-t-il pourtant « à n’ouvrir pas la main»? Commençons par éclaircir le sens de « l’unique Nombre qui ne peut pas être un autre ». On sait désormais qu’il faut comprendre celui-ci dans le contexte de ce que Mallarmé appelle «l’exquise crise»2, autrement dit la crise du vers libre.
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