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A Civil Society

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A Civil Society Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Follow this and additional works at: https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/histcw_cs IssuedA Civil Society:under a TheCC B PublicY-NC-ND Space 4.0 license:of Freemason https:/ /creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 Women in France, 1744-1944 Creative Works A Civil Society explores the struggle to initiate women as full participants in the masonic brotherhood that shared in the rise of France’s civil society and its civic morality on behalf of 4-9-2021 women’s rights. As a vital component of the third sector during France’s modernization, Afreemasonr Civil Society:y empower Theed women Public in complex Space social of networks,Freemason contributing Women to a mor ine liberFrance,al republic, a more open society, and a more engaged public culture. The1744-1944 work shows that although women initially met with stiff resistance, their induction into the brotherhood was a significant step in the development of French civil society and its civic James Allen Southernmorality, Illinoisincluding Univ theersity pr omotionCarbondale of, [email protected]’s rights in the late nineteenth century. Pulling together the many gendered facets of masonry, Allen draws from periodicals, memoirs, and copious archival material to account for the rise of women within the masonic brotherhood in the context of rapid historical change. Thanks to women’s social networks and their attendant social capital, masonry came to play a leading role in French civil society and the rethinking of gender relations in the public sphere. “James Smith Allen presents readers with an engaging, kaleidoscopic account of the uphill and contentious struggle to include select women as full participants in the arcane brotherhood of French freemasonry.”—Karen Offen, author of Debating the Woman Question in the French Third Republic, 1870–1920 “A Civil Society is important because it connects the activism and writing of major figures in French women’s history with masonic networks and impulses. It accomplishes all of this by providing copious evidence presented with clarity.”—Bonnie G. Smith, author of Women in World History: 1450 to the Present “In this ambitious new study, James Smith Allen seeks to understand how masonic sisters and their fellow travelers contributed to a more liberal republic and open society and engaged civic culture in the Old Regime and modern France. A Civil Society is a welcome addition to all those interested in the history of sociability, progressive politics, and civil society.”—Kenneth Loiselle, author of Brotherly Love: Freemasonry and Male Friendship in Enlightenment France Recommended Citation Allen, James. "A Civil Society: The Public Space of Freemason Women in France, 1744-1944." (Apr 2021). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Creative Works at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in A Civil Society: The Public Space of Freemason Women in France, 1744-1944 by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Civil Society e Public Space of Freemason Women in France, – • James Smith Allen © by the Board of Regents of the University of Nebraska All rights reserved ISBN (hardcover) ISBN (epub) ISBN (pdf) Cover image: Jacques France [Paul Lecreux], Marianne Maçonnique (), bronze bust, Musée de la Franc-Maçonnerie, Paris, Collection du Grand Orient de France, photo P. M. is book is published as part of the Sustainable History Monograph Pilot. With the generous support of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the Pilot uses cutting-edge publishing technology to produce open access digital editions of high-quality, peer-reviewed monographs from leading university presses. Free digital editions can be downloaded from: Books at JSTOR, EBSCO, Hathi Trust, Internet Archive, OAPEN, Project MUSE, and many other open repositories. While the digital edition is free to download, read, and share, the book is under copyright and covered by the following Creative Commons License: BY-NC-ND. Please consult www.creativecommons.org if you have questions about your rights to reuse the material in this book. When you cite the book, please include the following URL for its Digital Object Identier (DOI): https://doi.org/ . / We are eager to learn more about how you discovered this title and how you are using it. We hope you will spend a few minutes answering a couple of questions at this url: https://www.longleafservices.org/shmp-survey/ More information about the Sustainable History Monograph Pilot can be found at https://www.longleafservices.org. À Anne encore et toujours Sainz alexis est el ciel senz dutance ensembl’ot deu e la compaignie as angeles • od la pulcela dunt il se st si estranges • or l’at od sei ansemble sunt lur anames • ne vus sai dirre cum lur ledece est grande. —Saint Alban’s Psalter, c. AD • List of Figures and Table xi List of Illustrations xiii List of Abbreviations / Acronyms xv List of French Masonic Orders / Obediences / Rites xvii Preface xix FRENCH WOMEN IN PUBLIC SPACE Freemasonry Writ Large How Else Civil Society—and Freemason Women—Matter ­ MASONRY’S GENDERED VARIATIONS BEFORE AND AFTER e Eighteenth Century’s Mixed Orders and Adoption Lodges Freemason Women’s Social Networks in the Old Regime Revolution: e Communities of Freemason Women Transposed ­ THE CRAFT’S LONG MARCH TO MIXED ORDERS, Variations on Mixed Orders and Adoption Lodges Freemason Women’s Expanding Social Networks in the Nineteenth Century Revolution(s): e Successive Redenitions of Women’s Masonic Communities ­ WOMEN’S MASONRY AND THE WOMEN’S MOVEMENT FROM THE FIN DE SIÈCLE TO Renewed Mixed Orders and Adoption Lodges, at Home and Abroad Freemason Women’s Feminist (and Labor) Networks e Communities of Freemason Women across Two World Wars ­ CONTESTING IMAGINARIES OF FREEMASON WOMEN Serana, Comtesse de Cagliostro Pamina and Balkis Consuelo, Comtesse de Rudolstadt Diana Vaughan and Others CIVIC MORALITY IN MODERN FRANCE emes A Social Conscience APPENDICES . Glossary of Masonic Terms . Mixed and Adoption Lodges in France (c. – ): Table . Madame Helvétius’s Masonic Network (– ) . Genealogy of the Saint-Simonian Family: Figure . George Sand’s Masonic Network ( – ) . Le Droit Humain in the World ( ) . Louise Michel’s Masonic Network ( – ) Notes Bibliography . Estimated Number of Mixed and/or Adoption Lodges and Women Initiated into French Masonry ( – ) . Mixed and Adoption Lodges in France (c. – ): Map . Feminist Networks of Freemason Lodges in Paris (c. ) . Leadership of Associations in Fédération Française des Sociétés Féministes ( ) xi . Initiation d’adoption (c. ) . Jacques-Louis David, Portrait de Marie Antoinette, Reine de France, conduite au supplice () . Fête d’adoption de la loge, Belle et Bonne, soirée () . Les Illustrations Féminines de la Poèsie Maçonnique () . Les Soeurs Maçonnes Indépendantes ( ) . Louis-Ernest Barrias, Maria Deraismes (, recast ), bronze statue . Tony Johannot and Maurice Sand, Au fond de cette pièce dont l’aspect . () . Asmodée brandissait de la main droite un sabre . ( ) . Jacques France [Paul Lecreux], Marianne Maçonnique (), bronze bust xiii / abrv. abbreviation ADCO Archives Départementales de la Côte-d’Or (Departmental Archives of the Côte d’Or) ADRML Archives du Département du Rhône et de la Métropole de Lyon (Archives of theDepartment of the Rhone and the Metropole of Lyon) a.k.a. also known as AMB Archives Municipales de Beaune (Municipal Archives of Beaune) ANF Archives Nationales de France, Paris (National Archives of France) ANFP/S Archives Nationales de France, Pierrette-sur-Seine (National Archives of France) APP Archives de la Préfecture de la Police, Paris (Archives of the Prefecture of Police) app. appendix art. article AVES Archives de la Ville et de l’Eurométropole de Strasbourg (Archives of the City and the Eurometropolis of Strasbourg) BAGLF Bibliothèque et Archives de la Grande Loge de France (Library and Archives of the Grand Lodge of France) BC Bibliothèque Calvet, Avignon (Calvet Library) BCF Bibliothèque-Musée de la Comédie Française (Library-Museum of the Comédie Française) BGOF Bibliothèque du Grand Orient de France (Library of the Grand Orient of France) BHVP Bibliothèque Historique de la Ville de Paris (Historical Library of the City of Paris) BIF Bibliothèque de l’Institut de France (Library of the Institute of France) BLUL Brotherton Library, University of Leeds BMD Bibliothèque Marguerite Durand (Marguerite Durand Library) BMDijon Bibliothèque Municipale de Dijon (Municipal Library of Dijon) BML Bibliothèque Municipale de Lyon (Municipal Library of Lyon) xv xvi Abbreviations / Acronyms BMN Bibliothèque Municipale de Nancy (Municipal Library of Nancy) BNF Bibliothèque Nationale de France (National Library of France) CAF Centre des Archives du Féminisme, Angers (Center for the Archives of Feminism) CEDIAS Bibliothèque du Musée Social, Paris (Social Museum Library) CNFF Conseil National des Femmes Françaises (National Council of French Women) DH Droit Humain (Ordre Maçonnique Mixte International), Fédération Française (Human Duty: International Mixed Masonic Order, French Federation) FFSF Fédération Française des Sociétés Féministes (French Federation of Feminist Societies) FM Fonds Maçonnique (Masonic Collection) g. gure Fr. French GAOTU Grand Architect of the Universe GLDF Grande Loge de France (Grand Lodge of France) GLFF Grande Loge Féminine de France (Grand Feminine Lodge of France) GLMSF
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