Sant Sundar Singh Ji
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SIKHISM Part 2 Unit 3: the Guru Granth Sahib, the Final Guru
SIKHISM Part 2 Unit 3: The Guru Granth Sahib, The Final Guru What this unit contains There were 10 human Gurus. The Guru Granth Sahib, the final Guru - its contents, use and central place in the Gurdwara. Akhand Path – special reading of the Guru Granth Sahib. Beliefs taught through the Guru Granth Sahib. Where the unit fits and how it builds upon This unit builds on work covered in previous units. It extends understanding about the contents, use previous learning and significance of the Guru Granth Sahib. Extension activities and further thinking Link the dates of the Gurus to other significant world events. Consider how it might have changed Sikhism if one of the Gurus had been a woman. Research how the Gurus lived under religious persecution. Vocabulary SMSC/Citizenship Ik Onkar sacred text Mool Mantra Granthi Equality of all - gender, race and creed. Guru Akhand Path Guru Gobind Singh immortal Beliefs about creation. Sikh Gurmurkhi Guru Granth Sahib Gurdwara Beliefs in a divine creator. Sikhism Having a personal set of beliefs and values. Lambeth Agreed Syllabus for Religious Education Teaching unit SIKHISM Part 2 Unit 3:1 Unit 3: The Guru Granth Sahib, The Final Guru SIKHISM Part 2 Unit 3 Session 1 A A Learning objectives T T Suggested teaching activities Sensitivities, points to note, 1 2 resources Pupils should: Before the lesson set up a Guru Timeline with details / biographies of Resources √ each on handouts and blank Guru information sheets on which to Poster / picture of the Gurus. know the chronology record collected information for Guru Nanak and Guru Gobind Singh 'Celebrate Sikh festivals' and names of the 10 and sheets with detailed information about the remaining Gurus. -
SIKH1SM and the NIRANKARI MOVEMENT 2-00
SIKH1SM and THE NIRANKARI MOVEMENT 2-00 -00 -00 -00 2-00 -00 00 00 00 ACADEMY OF SIKH RELIGION AND CULTURE 1, Dhillon Marg, Bhupinder Nagar PAT I ALA SIKHISM and THE NIRANKARI MOVEMENT ACADEMY OF SIKH RELIGION AND CULTURE 1. Dhillon Marg, Bhupinder Nagar PATIALA ^^^^^ Publisher's Note Nirankari movement was founded as renaissance of Sikh religion but lately an off-shoot of Nirankaris had started ridiculing Sikh Religion and misinterpreting Sikh scriptures for boosting up the image of their leader who claims to be spiritual head; God on Earth and re-incarnate of Shri Rama, Shri Krishna, Hazrat Mohammed, Holy Christ and Sikh Gurus. The followers of other religions did not react to this blasphemy. The Sikhs, however, could not tolerate the irreverance towards Sikh Gurus, Sikh religion and Sikh scrip tures and protested against it. This pseudo God resented the protest and became more vociferous in his tirade against Sikhs, their Gurus and their Scriptures. His temerity resulted in the massacre of Sikhs at Amritsar on 13th April, 1978 (Baisakhi day) at Kanpur on 26th September, 1978 and again in Delhi on 5th, November 1978. This booklet is published to apprise the public of the back ground of Nirankaris, the off-shoot of Nirankaris, the cause of controversy and the aftermath. It contains three articles : one, by Dr. Ganda Singh, a renowned historian, second, by Dr. Fauja Singh of Punjabi University, Patiala. and third, by S. Kapur Singh, formerly of I.C.S. cadre. A copy of the report of the Enquiry Committee on the Happen ings at Kanpur, appointed by the Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee whose members were S. -
The Gurdwara
Sikhism The Gurdwara The Gurdwara Summary: The gurdwara is a meeting place for Sikhs that houses the Sikh sacred scripture Guru Granth Sahib and serves as a place of worship, community, and education for Sikhs. In the last three decades, Sikhs have built many new, grand gurdwaras for growing communities. The gurdwara, literally the “gateway of the guru,” is basically a meeting place for Sikhs. It is not considered a sacred space as such, but gains its sanctity from the fact that it houses the sacred scripture called the Guru Granth Sahib. The scripture occupies a place of honor on a raised lectern in the sanctuary. A gurdwara may be as spectacular as the neatly landscaped and newly expanded complex in Palatine, Illinois or as simple as the home of a Sikh family, which may become the gurdwara for a small Sikh community. The gurdwara is the gathering place of the Sikh community. It is a place of worship, but is also an educational and service institution that contains a langar hall where large communal meals are prepared and served, and a place where the community may discuss the political and social affairs of the day. In Sikh communities in the United States, the gurdwara has become an essential locus of Sikh identity. For some newly arrived immigrants, it may be the first place they stay, for the tradition of Sikh hospitality, which includes providing shelter and food in the gurdwara, is strong. Sikh worship is generally devoid of complexity and ritual. It consists simply and powerfully of the gathering together of the community and of the singing of shabads, the sacred hymns of the Guru Granth Sahib. -
Authenticity of Standard Version of Dasam Granth: History and Its Text in Literature*
Authenticity of Standard Version of Dasam Granth: History and its Text in Literature* By: Jasbir Singh Mann M.D. Granths with title as Sri Dasam Granth/or Dasam Patshahi Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, also known as Standard Version of Dasam Granth has been seen since 1897 AD in Circulation in Title prints with fixed compositions/contents with and arrangement of contents in 1428 pages, which was published after correction of 32 Granths by a Sodhak committee 1896AD and in Print form since 1900AD. Review of Literature shows no such Granth with Title Sri Dasam Granth or Dasmi Patshahi Ka Granth (with fixed pattern of Compositions/contents and arrangement) was seen in Punjab or Delhi area Sikh institutions in 18th century. Indian sources, Persian sources & over 30 European sources were silent about this Granth during 18th Century. In Literature Title “Dasmi Patshahi Granth” was first time reported by Malcolm in 1810 AD (early 19th century). Then onwards in early 19th century, such Granths started appearing in Sikh institutions in Punjab, initially in hand written Birs and then in print form in 19th century. By 1895AD, over 32 versions, with variable patterns of compositions in hand written birs, including six printed versions were available in Punjab. Sodhak committee prepared final standard version in 1897 AD which has been extensively used in literature during 20th century (1900AD-2000AD). This Granth has always remained controversial among scholars and Sikh community and issues of authenticity of its compositions can be traced during Cunningham during Pre-Singhsabha /Singh Sabha period and from 1947AD onwards till 2013. -
Kara Kaur Khalsa Baisakhi Gurdwara Singh Amrit Guru Nanak Kirpan Granthi Panj Pyare Gutkas Turban Guru Gobind Singh Akhand Path
Kara Kaur Khalsa Baisakhi Gurdwara Singh Amrit Guru Nanak Kirpan Granthi Panj pyare Gutkas Turban Guru Gobind Singh Akhand Path Teacher Chauri Romalas Kanga Amritsar Singh Kirpan Gurdwara Kara Granthi Chauri Gutkas Teacher Guru Gobind Singh Kanga Baisakhi Amritsar Khalsa Guru Nanak Kaur Akhand Path Teacher Amritsar Gutkas Baisakhi Gurdwara Akhand Path Guru Nanak Chauri Romalas Kara Kaur Gutkas Baisakhi Gurdwara Akhand Path Amrit Guru Nanak Romalas Granthi Panj pyare Singh Turban Guru Gobind Singh Kara Teacher Chauri Kanga Kanga Amritsar Gutkas Kirpan Gurdwara Khalsa Granthi Chauri Akhand Path Teacher Guru Gobind Singh Gutkas Baisakhi Amritsar Akhand Path Guru Nanak Kaur Romalas Teacher Amritsar Panj pyare Baisakhi Gurdwara Guru Gobind Singh Guru Nanak Chauri Kirpan Kara Granthi Guru Nanak Baisakhi Kaur Panj pyare Amrit Gurdwara Guru Gobind Singh Granthi Kara Kanga Turban Baisakhi Kirpan Teacher Amrit Granthi Kanga Chauri Teacher Kirpan Amritsar Baisakhi Granthi Gurdwara Guru Nanak Teacher Khalsa Gutkas Baisakhi Singh Akhand Path Guru Nanak Kirpan Romalas Teacher Kaur Singh Baisakhi Amritsar Kara Guru Nanak Gurdwara Gutkas Kara Chauri Kanga Baisakhi Gurdwara Khalsa Amrit Guru Nanak Akhand Path Amritsar Panj pyare Gutkas Gurdwara Guru Gobind Singh Akhand Path Chauri Gurdwara Romalas Kanga Amritsar Kara Kirpan Gurdwara Baisakhi Granthi Chauri Amrit Teacher Guru Gobind Singh Khalsa Baisakhi Amritsar Singh Guru Nanak Kaur Kirpan Teacher Amritsar Kanga Baisakhi Gurdwara Kirpan Guru Nanak Chauri Granthi Kara Kaur Granthi Baisakhi Gurdwara Turban -
The Institution of the Akal Takht: the Transformation of Authority in Sikh History
religions Article The Institution of the Akal Takht: The Transformation of Authority in Sikh History Gurbeer Singh Department of Religious Studies, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA; [email protected] Abstract: The Akal Takht is considered to be the central seat of authority in the Sikh tradition. This article uses theories of legitimacy and authority to explore the validity of the authority and legitimacy of the Akal Takht and its leaders throughout time. Starting from the initial institution of the Akal Takht and ending at the Akal Takht today, the article applies Weber’s three types of legitimate authority to the various leaderships and custodianships throughout Sikh history. The article also uses Berger and Luckmann’s theory of the symbolic universe to establish the constant presence of traditional authority in the leadership of the Akal Takht. Merton’s concept of group norms is used to explain the loss of legitimacy at certain points of history, even if one or more types of Weber’s legitimate authority match the situation. This article shows that the Akal Takht’s authority, as with other political religious institutions, is in the reciprocal relationship between the Sikh population and those in charge. This fluidity in authority is used to explain and offer a solution on the issue of authenticity and authority in the Sikh tradition. Keywords: Akal Takht; jathedar; Sikh institutions; Sikh Rehat Maryada; Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (SGPC); authority; legitimacy Citation: Singh, Gurbeer. 2021. The Institution of the Akal Takht: The 1. Introduction Transformation of Authority in Sikh History. Religions 12: 390. https:// The Akal Takht, originally known as the Akal Bunga, is the seat of temporal and doi.org/10.3390/rel12060390 spiritual authority of the Sikh tradition. -
The Khalsa and the Non-Khalsa Within the Sikh Community in Malaysia
International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences 2017, Vol. 7, No. 8 ISSN: 2222-6990 The Khalsa and the Non-Khalsa within the Sikh Community in Malaysia Aman Daima Md. Zain1, Jaffary, Awang2, Rahimah Embong 1, Syed Mohd Hafiz Syed Omar1, Safri Ali1 1 Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA) Malaysia 2 Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia DOI: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i8/3222 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v7-i8/3222 Abstract In the pluralistic society of Malaysia, the Sikh community are categorised as an ethnic minority. They are considered as a community that share the same religion, culture and language. Despite of these similarities, they have differences in terms of their obedience to the Sikh practices. The differences could be recognized based on their division into two distintive groups namely Khalsa and non-Khalsa. The Khalsa is distinguished by baptism ceremony called as amrit sanskar, a ceremony that makes the Khalsa members bound to the strict codes of five karkas (5K), adherence to four religious prohibitions and other Sikh practices. On the other hand, the non-Khalsa individuals have flexibility to comply with these regulations, although the Sikhism requires them to undergo the amrit sanskar ceremony and become a member of Khalsa. However the existence of these two groups does not prevent them from working and living together in their religious and social spheres. This article aims to reveal the conditions of the Sikh community as a minority living in the pluralistic society in Malaysia. The method used is document analysis and interviews for collecting data needed. -
Martyrs: SH. AJIT SINGH, IPS Sr. No. Points Information There on 1. Year
Martyrs: SH. AJIT SINGH, IPS Sr. No. Points Information there on 1. Year 2. Name SH. AJIT SINGH IPS 3. Rank and Unit DIG, PUNJAB POLICE 4. Native Place 5. Father's Name 6. Address SMT. RANJIT KAUR R/O 1620-C SECTOR 35-D CHG. 7. Date of Birth 10.04.1945 8. Date of Joining the Force 08.07.1973 9. Date of Sacrificing the life 07.05.1991 10. Place of Martyrdom VILLAGE RATOUL 11. Brief of Incident HE WAS KILLED BY TERRORISTS ON 07.05.91 IN VILLAGE RATOUL, PS TARN TARAN WHILE POSTED AS DIG/BORDER RANGE, AMRITSAR. 12. Awards/rewards Distinctions 13. Education Qualification 14. Rank of Joining in the Force 15. Family Details Mother : --- Wife : --- Children : --- 16. Next of kin 17. Dues Settled 18. Descriptions Martyrs: SH. HARPAL SINGH, DSP Sr. No. Points Information there on 1. Year 2. Name SH. HARPAL SINGH DSP 112/PR 3. Rank and Unit DSP PUNJAB POLICE 4. Native Place 5. Father's Name JIWA SINGH 6. Address SMT. PARAMJIT KAUR @ ANGREJ KAUR R/O INDRA COLONY SUNAM DISTT. SANGRUR 7. Date of Birth 05.12.1930 8. Date of Joining the Force 26.08.1950 9. Date of Sacrificing the life 10.02.1987 10. Place of Martyrdom GOVT. RESIDENCE AT RAYYA. 11. Brief of Incident FIR NO. 49/29.2.86 PS BEAS. HE WAS KILLED BY TERRORISTS ON 9/10.02.1987 IN HIS GOVT. RESIDENCE AT RAYYA. 12. Awards/rewards Distinctions 13. Education Qualification HIGHER SEC.-II 14. Rank of Joining in the Force AS CONSTABLE 15. -
Sikh Ethnonationalism and Its Contested Articulation During Militancy in Punjab
25 Kuldip Singh: Sikh Ethnonationalism Sikh Ethnonationalism and Its Contested Articulation During Militancy in Punjab Kuldip Singh Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar _______________________________________________________________ This paper examines the evolution and construction of Sikh ethnonationalism from the beginnings of the faith to the period of militancy in Punjab in the 1980s/90s. While the militants enjoyed great community support immediately after Operation Bluestar and through the late 1980s, their version of Sikh ethnonationalism failed to resonate sustainably with the Sikh masses. In this paper, I highlight how militant violence pivoted from being politically oriented to being more indiscriminant in its targets. The Sikh masses, who eventually became victims of this violence, saw it as being at odds with Sikh values. I argue that this was the crucial reason for the militant version of Sikh ethnonationalism waning, and ultimately failing. This argument is demonstrated by examining the writings and editorials of various Sikh leaders, including some militant leaders who criticized the eventual degradation of militant violence and raised questions about its congruence with historical Sikh values and ethnonationalism. ________________________________________________________________ Introduction This paper examines the evolution and construction of Sikh ethnonationalism from the beginnings of the faith to the period of militancy in Punjab in the 1980s/90s. Specifically, it tries to answer why the particular construction of Sikh ethnonationalism espoused by the militants during the separatist movement of the 1980s/90s eventually failed to resonate with the Sikh masses of Punjab. This is an important question, considering the fact that the militants appeared to have significant community support immediately after Operation Bluestar and through the late-1980s. -
Genesis of Sikh - Nirankari Tussle
O L f v : ; r ? IF I ' ' ' GENESIS OF SIKH - NIRANKARI TUSSLE by BHAI HARI SINGH (Shergill), Editor, ‘Punjabi Samachar’, Bombay-400011 Published by DHARAM PARCHAR COMMITTEE (SHIROMANI GURDWARA PARBANDHAK COMMITTEE) ~-U' , s AMRITSAR. Digitized bv Paniab Digital I ihram I www.n^hHhilih.nra y \ § ^ TfU3I3 fft oft 33U GENESIS OF SIKH - NIRANKARI TUSSLE by BHAI HARI SINGH (Shergill), Editor, ‘Punjabi Samachar’, Bombay-400011 Published by DHARAM PARCHAR COMMITTEE [SHIRQMANI GURDWARA PARBANDHAK COMMITTEE) AMRITSAR. m M h M Published by SARDAR MAHINDER SINGH ‘GIANT SECRETARY, SHIROMANI GURDWARA PARBANDHAK COMMITTEE, AMRITSAR. & Printed at JASPAL PRINTING PRESS, KATRA GHANIAN, AMRITSAR INTRODUCTION This compilation under the above title has got a specific background. The so-called Nirankari Chief Shri Gurbachan k Singh, in a camouflage Sikh attire, and his domestic Nirankari Mandal, headquartered in Delhi-9, have been, for quite sometime past, indulging in publicly insulting, ridiculing and downgrading the Sikh religion, the Sikh Gurus, certain time-honoured Sikh personages, usages and traditions, as well as their eternally sacred WORD - INCARNATE ENLIGHTENER, Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Despite a number of earlier angry, non-violent protestations of Sikhs against this vulgar and irreligious conduct of his, on more than half a dozen different occasions in Punjab and outside, the ‘Nirankari baba’ has been pursuing this irresponsible practice as vigorously as ever. At last he grew bold enough to beard the lion in his own den. On the 13th April, 1978 on the historical Baisakhi festival, when more or less a million Sikhs gather from far and near to pay homage at the Golden Temple, Amritsar, Gurbachan Singh thought expedient to convene his so-called Nirankari Samagam and repeat his usual blasphemous blurtings and his claim to be I the exclusive supreme modern avtar of God of to-day, over the heads of Guru Nanak-Guru Gobind Singh and all other time- honoured oriental avtars and sematic prophets. -
Gurmat Educational Unit Seva
Gurmat Educational Unit Seva Vahiguru Ji Ka Khalsa Vahiguru Ji Ki Fatih! Welcome to the SikhRI Gurmat Educational Unit on Seva! In going through the complete set of Seva lesson plans, you will embark on an exciting exploration of understanding what Seva is in light of Gurbani-Wisdom, Tavarikh-History, and Rahit-Lifestyle. This resource can be used at home, Gurmat and Panjabi schools, or Sikh camps. Through this educational unit, Seva can be taught and explained to children of five years and above, providing them with a deeper understanding of the Divine. As a family, you can begin a year-long Seva project that could involve your neighbors and even a larger community, such as Gurmat and Panjabi schools which could showcase the ‘sevadars amongst them.’ Each Seva lesson is designed for 1–5 days of learning, but will produce an impact that lasts a lifetime. Whether you just want to get acquainted with Seva or teach others, SikhRI’s Seva lessons will guide your path. Share your Seva inspiration with the community and help move Sikh education forward. SikhRI Gurmat Educational Unit on Seva has been made available in memory of Sardar Harchand Singh and Sardarni Jagir Kaur. With love and appreciation, The team at SikhRI Seva: Personal Values Age: 5 - 10 Class: 1 Objective: Children will learn that one must imbibe divine-like virtues/qualities to serve the divine Begin talking about Seva with your children by putting out the following questions. You can choose to write it on the board or have a pre-printed paper. -
Gaining Authority and Legitimacy: Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee and the Golden Temple C. 1920–2000 by Gurveen Kaur K
Gaining Authority and Legitimacy: Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee and the Golden Temple c. 1920–2000 by Gurveen Kaur Khurana A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology and History) in The University of Michigan 2019 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Farina Mir, Co-Chair Professor Mrinalini Sinha, Co-Chair Associate Professor William Glover Professor Paul C. Johnson Professor Webb Keane Gurveen Kaur Khurana [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5452-9968 © Gurveen Kaur Khurana 2019 DEDICATION To Samarth, Ozzie and Papa ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation is only a part of the journey that began more than ten years ago, and there are many that have made it possible for me to get here. I would like to take this opportunity to thank them for their support along the way. My greatest debt is to my dissertation advisors Mrinalini Sinha and Farina Mir. Mrinalini has supported me through out and has always been a source of intellectual support and more. She has allowed me the freedom to grow and gain from her vast knowledge, while being patient with me finding my way. There are no words that can express my gratitude to her for all that she has done. Farina Mir’s rigor sets high standards for us all and will guide my way over the years. The rest of my committee, Webb Keane, William Glover and Paul Johnson have all been wonderful with their time and support through this dissertation writing. My deepest thanks also to Dilip Menon, Shahid Amin, Sunil Kumar and Neeladri Bhattacharya for the early intellectual training in historical thinking and methodology.