J. E:

A WORLD LIST OF PARASITES OF COCCINELLIDAEI J. V. RICHERSON '

ABSTRACT The parasitic organisms attacking of the world are pre­ sented in two lists: parasites of a given host, and hosts of a known parasite. Parasites listed include: 9 fungi, 1 bacterium, 8 prowzoans, 9 nematodes, 2 mites, and 83 . Forty-three genera and 125 species of coccinellid hosts are included. Two hundred and three references are cited.

INTRODU(''T10N H. terminalis terrninali~ (HEN I 76, 143, 170, 200 LydiTlolydella brucki lOTI 70 111e current interest in biological control or in­ L. metallica 10'1'1 70 tegrated control programs against pests Onencyrtus johnsoni IHEN I 73. 135. 143 requires a full lmderstanding of the organisms being Perilitus coecinellae (HBI 14, 27, S.'). 70, 142, 187 used. Coccinellids. a ,,~dely used group of predators. Phalaerotophora beroiinensis lOP I 70 are attacked by various parasitic or pathogenic Ph. faseiata 10PI II 7 organisms. These organisms may reduce the ef· Ph. nedae lOP) 70 fectiveness of predators or even prevent their Nemorilla maculosa lOTI 70 establishment. The following lists are compiled from Sarcophaga lmislemus I DT) 70 published reports of parasitic organisms on a ll stages S. rapax 10'1'1 70 of cocci nell ids of the world. S. reinhardi 10'1'1 70 T he first list contains coccinellid species listed S/nmatomyia edwarsi lOTI 70 alphabetically with their parasites. The numbers Telraslichll.~ eoecinellae IHEU) I] 7 refer to literature citations. 'TIle second list contains T. miflllllls IHEU) 143. 196 the parasites fOlU1d attacking coccinellirls. TIle Adalia sp. parasites are listed phylogenetically and the genera Phalaero fop/wra fasciata 101' I 8. 70 alphabetically. An asterisk against names of Telrastichus sp. I HEU I 7 parasites in second list indicates sy nonomy. A list of synonyms is given . TIle parasites are coded as A. hipunctata L. follows: F-FIU1gi, B-Bacteria, G·Gregarinidae, M· BPllI/I'crill bllssiana IF I 611, 136 Microspnriciia. N-"Iematoda. A-Acarina. DI'­ HOl1wlolyius {erminalis e<1lijomiell.s IHEN I 43. 1:3 5, Diptera Phoridae. DT-Oiptera Tachinidae, HB­ [ Ln. Ia.i ilraconidae. HC-Hymenoptera Pamsil yleTlcilll.s coccinellae IN I 3':3 Ceraphronidae. HCH-Hymenoptera Chalcididae. Perililll.s cnccinellae IHBI •. 20. 30. 171. 137. ]1l9 HE]\;-HynH'noplera Encyrli(ier HOlTUllotylus sp. (HENI 8, 140 HOf1wlolyill.s sp. IHE I 4. 137 H. albitarsus (HEN) 135.143,185 Perilitll-s sp. (HBI 133, IB7 H. flarninill.s IHENI 3. 1;;1. 1.~2. IIl7 A. fri{..,'id<1 Schneider Perilitus coccinellae HB I I Part of this \"., ork \\!as completed at the L:niversit ...., o f I 48, 171 Missouri, :;uppnncd h .... · the l ·SUA. and the Nat iona l He:-;ea rch A. uTldecimpuTlc/IJ /a L. Council of Can(lda. Clistomorpha Iriangllhjera I. nTI 9 ~ Graduate ~tlldellt. Pestn!ng .... · Centre. Biological Sciences De· partmenl. Simon Fra:;er t l ni\'er~ity. Burna h ....· ~ . B.c. Canada. Pe ri/illL~ cocrinellae IH B I 139 34 J . E .\;TO.\l OJ.. So,.. B H1 T. COI. I · \I I :l.\. G7 (1~17(1). AI ' , .. I. 1~17t1

AdoniR sp. PachYfl ellron chiiocori (HP']'I 39. 202 HOrrUllotylus sp. (HEN) 8 Plwlacrotophora /asciatll lOP) 129. Ill, Perilitus coccinellae (HB I 14 1 P~eudocatalll c CUs sp. (HPTI I'S Phalacrotophorll /asciata lOP) Il. 70 Tetraslichus coccinellae (HEU ) IS. 4 1. 160 A. ururecimnotata Schneider T. epilllci/lwe (HEUI I,. 101. 121. 169. 187. 195 Beallveria bassiana IFI 74. 117 T. neg/ec/lLs IHEU) 39.41. 126. 179 Mermis sp. (N) 74, 87, 88 T . sempronius (HEU) 40. 41 Perilillls coccinelule IHBI 74. 117 Unidentified Lalxmlbeniaceae IF) ,2 Phalacrotophora /asciata lOP) 8, 74 Unidentified Acarina IA I 169 Unidentified Tachinidae 101'1 74 ZetelicontlLS sp. IHEN) 1117 A . variegat8 IGoere) Chi/ocorus kUWBnae Silv. Gregarina sp. IG) 117 /-/oIlW/OtyitLS /laminil.LS IHEN) 1l9. 9 1, 92. 93, 187 Homalolylus /laminius IHEN) 72. 87. 11l7. 199 C. ren ipu.~tullltus Scriba Mermis sp. INI 74. Il '. 81l T etrastichllS coccinellae IHEU) 15,41, ]39 Pachynellron sp. IHPT) 199 C. similis (Rossi) Par8sitylenchus coccinellae I N I Illl HlJ llwlotyitLS terminalis lerminalis (HEN) 123. 135. Pen'lilus coccinellae IHBI 74. 1l7, llll. 14 1. 171. 143 I1l 7, 189 /sodromus niger (HEN) 137 PhalacrolopllOra sp. !DP I 117 Tetrasticlllls minllllLS IHEU ) 123. 143. 180. 200 Ph. /asciata lOP) 3. 74, IIl7 C. StignUl Say Telrastichus sp. IHEU) 11l 7. 199 TelrasticizlLS llwnasimi IHEU I 62. 135. 143 Unidentified Tachinidae 101'1 74 Chi/omenes sp. Anatis ocellat8 L. HOl/wlotyllLS sp. IHEN I 13 Phalacrotophora /asciatll lOP I 125. I 117 Cluflatu F. A. quinqlleciecimpllnct8t8 Dt.>Geer l-/ol7W lorY/I LS sp. IHENI 133. 1117 HOrrUllolylus temu'nalis terminalis (HEN) 143, 185, H. /laminitLS (HENI 11l 7. 199 187 Pa chyneuron sp. (HPTI 187. 199 Perilitlls coccinelule IHBI 30. 1117 Pe rilill~~ sp. I HB) 133. Ill, A. rllthvoni leConte Tet ras ticizlL~ sp. IHEUI 1137 . 199 Nosema hippodamille IMI li S C. sexllwcublta F. A phidect80bliterlltll L. 1-/00Ilitioryills rerm;,utiis ca li/omicus I HEN I 6 1. 62. Hexllmermis sp. IN) :\6 IB, Phalilcrotophora beroliflensis 101' I 3() PerilillLS ('()ccill e/la e IHBI 1,;3 Azya Iuteipes I\'Iulsant = A. orbigerll Tl'traslidllls ('occinel/lle IHEUI l 53 MetilslelllLS townsefldi IHPTI 63. Ill. Un identified parasites l)(J CalviR qWlluordecimpullctlltl1 L. C(wcinelll! sp. Phalcrotophora/Ilsciala 101' ; II •. 1 2.~. 18, 1-/()lIw l0I.,-!ILS "p. III ENI :14. 140. IS I. 152. 18S Tetrllslichn5 coccinellae IHEU) II , PediobiLLS ml'r/ioplll1(·talil (HEU) 193 Chilocoru.~ sp. Plwlacmtophorll /ilsci. H :I. I HS. 1117 HomiJ/(JtY/lIs sp. I H E~ I 140 II. lermillll /is tl'rmil1 11 lis IHE:'>II 24. :\2. 135. 141 H. /iamiflin~ IHEN I 1:1 . • 2. 12 1. ISIl. 160. 16 •. Pl'rilitll.s ('11('(' illel/a l' I!-lBI'. I t). :~O . 41l ..52. B5 . 1.> 6. 169. I ". Ill •. 1911. 202 III /,ygocenLS sp. IHPI III) T l'tntSlichllS libia/is IHEUI :37 . 143 J. E:'

C. perplexa var.juliJlTUI MuJsant Coelophora biplagiata Swartz Perilillls coccinellae (HB I 170 Perilitlls coccinellae (HB) 173 C. quinqlledecirntwtata Kirby C. irUlequalis F. Tetrastichus melanis (HEUI 138, 143 Perilillls coccinellae I HB I 411, 184, 187 C. quinquepunctata L. ColeomegillR sp. Beauveria bassiana IF) II 7 Clistorrwrpha lrianguizjera lOT) 82 Gregarina coccinellae I G) 11 7 Homalotyills termirzalis terminalis IHEN) 135, 185, Homalotyllis flaminius (HEN) 117 JIl7 H. terminalis califomicus (HEN) 48. 135. 14:t 185. C. innotata O\1uJsant) = MegillR innotata 187 HorrzalolylLLS termirzalis terminalis (HEN) 94 Perilitus coccinellae (HBI 117. 120. l.S6. 171. 176. 187. 189 C. rTUlculata l.>eG=r = C. rrt. lengi = Tetrastichus coccinellae IHEU) 117 Ceralomegilla maclllata= MegillR maculRta T. melanis (HEUI 21. 135, 137 Agamermis decalldaw IN I 25 C. repanda Thudberg Clistomorpha triangulifera (OT) 168 Homalotyllis flarm'nius (HEN) 187 HOTl'UllotyiliS terminalis terminalis IHEU) 137, 143, Perilitus coccinellae (HB) 104, 173 !Cd. 1(1', Perilitlls coccinellae (HB) 7,18, 19,28,30,48, 49, C. septempllnctata L. ,S:2, ()o. 6,S. H2. 83, 85. 141, 156, 157, 168, 184, Beauveria bassiarza (F) 74, 1l7, 136, 178 187. 194 Gregarina sp. IG) 87 Unidentified Nematoda IN) 168 G. coccinellae IG I 117 Homalotylus sp, (HEU) 7 C1')lJtogTUltha nodiceps Mshl. H. flaminius (HEU) 74.87.92,93, 117. 139, 141. TripolycysllIs cryptognathae (HPT) 64 187 Cryptolaemus rnontrouziere MuJsant Lygocerus sp, (HI') 87 Perilillls stlUlrdoi (HE) 29 M ermis sp IN) 74. 87. 88 Cycloneda sp. M. coccinellae INI 88 Homalotylus terminalis terminalis IHEN) 137, 185, M. nigresce r~s INI 88. 112 187 iVosenza coccinellae 1M) 114, 117 C. munda Weise IV. tracheophila 1M) 23 Homalotyilis terminalis ternu'nalis (HEN) 197 Pachyneumn syrphi (HPT) 139 Perilillls coccinellae (HB) 30. 48, 171 Perililllscoccinellae IHBI20. 67,74.87.117.118, 120. 141. ISS. 171. 173. 176, 187. 188, 189. 195 C. sanguinea L. = C. s. immaculata PhalacrotopllOra sp. lOP) 87 Cladosporium sp. IF) 132 Ph, fasciata lOP) 3, 44. 45.74, 129,145, 187 Homalotylus sp. (HEN) 172. 187 TelrascicilllS coccine/lne IHEU I 41, 74, 1l7, 107. H. (ermina/is (ermirza/is (HENI 4, 32. S7. 94. 109, 117, 141, un 132. 135. 143. 1117. 197. 203 T, epilachnae (HEU) 101 , 122 LepidBphycns bosqlli !HEN) 12. 51. Ill? T. rzeglectus IHEUI 40. 41 Perilillls coccinellae !HBI 7. 30. 171 , 187 Unidentified Idmetunonidae IHI I 7, 99 Tetrastichus minutus (HEUI 21, 56, 57, 131, 132, 135, 143, 186. C. trar/"~versogultala Faldermarm =C. Unidentified Bacteria IE I 132 californica CydtJrliJl sp. Perililll.s coccinellae (HBI 411 . 134. 187 HOTlUlloytylus sp, (HEN) 8 C. trifasciJlta L.= C. trifasciJlta juliana Phalacrotophora fasci<1la lOP) 8 Beauveria hassiana I F I 43 Egleis king; (Macleay I Clistonwrpha Iriangllliferu i OTI 161l HOT/wlotyltls flamiTlillS !HEN) Ill? /)erilitus coccinellae (HB) 48. 1611. 171 Epilachna sp. Unidentified Nematoda IN) 168 Chstomorpha trianglllifera lOTI 82 C undecimpunctata L. =- C. decimpllnclala Lydirwlydell'1 melililica I DT) II Lahoulhenia sp. IF) 136 Periiobitls epilachrzae (BEU) 14B. 149. 150. J.SI. Perilitus coccinellae (HBI 20,69. BC), 97. 176. I1l7. 159. 13, 189 P. foveolatll.~ !HEUI 148. 149. ISO. ];,1, 187 Phal,1crotoplwru fasciata 101' I 130 TetrastichllS sp. IIIEUI 7 Tetmstirlllls cuccinellae 11iE U I 41. 86. 97 1'. cocciTlellae (lIEU I ,0 Unidentified Gregarinidae IG) 116 T. epilachnae IHEUI .J9. 70 36 J. E,( T O~ I O L. So ... B lnT. COI.t·\I B!.\. 67 (lnO). Au:. 1,1970

E. admirabli.~ Crotch Tetrastichlls sp. iREU I 7 Unidentified Proctotrupidae (HP) Il9 E. jlavipes llumhg. E. argus F ourcoy Homalotylus flaminills iREN) 198 TetrastichllS epilachTUle iREU I 4 1. 59. 122. 140. Tetrasticlllls epilachnae iREU I 101. 191! 187 E. fligrimacuilltll Goeze E. chrysomeliflJl F. HOITUl/Otylus sp. !HEN I 4. W7 Brachymeria sp. iRCH I ,,3 Perilillls sp. !HB) 13:1. 1117 Pediobius epila chnae iREU I 16. 20 I E. fJlUlclriplL~tullltu.~ L. Tetrastichus epilachnae IHEU) 4 1. 11 3 Homalolylus sp. !HEN) 140 T. oVlllorum iR E U) 5 1. lIli H. /Iaminills IHEN I 40 E. clefecfll MuJslmt TetrilSlichus epilachllae IHEUI 101. 122. 198 Brachymeria cariTUltijrons IHCH) 58 T . neglecllls !HEUI 4 1. 126 Paradexodes epilacllTlae lOT) Ill'i HlIlyzin c/lUJ(iecim{,,'uttatll Pod. Phylla cliniil su//ulta IFI 110 E. eusema I Weise) H. qlUlduoNiecimguttlllll Balduf Lydinolydella metallica 11)'1') 11 1= sedecimgllttlltll L.) E. ifUliCR MuJsant Tetrasticlllls sp. IHEUI 29. 187 PeriiilllS coccillellae !HB I 14 1. J I! 7. 189 Phylla clil/ia sli/fuitil I F I J 10 E. marginellll F. H . quaduordecimpllnctlllll L. L ydinolydella metallica lOTI II Perilillls coccinellae I H B I 17 J E. philipinrwflsis I Dke) II. vigifltiduopllnctalll L. Paradexodes epilachnae lOT I 144 Phyllaclil/iil .III//U/ta IF) I J 0 Pediobil11; epilachnae IHEUI 144. 191 lIJ1rllwnin cOII{,,'lobllfll I L.) E. fJwu/uordecimflOtJlfll MuJsant Gregil ril1 I I! Pediob iLL~ epi/achl1

Unidentified Gregarinidae IG I 11 6 Myrrha octodecimguttata L. Unidentified Microsporidia (M) 166 GregarirUl eoeeinellae (G I 11 7 H. glaciRli,~ F. NOSel1UI coecinellae (M I 114, 117 Perilitus coccinellae (HB I 30. 187 NeomysiR sp. H, parenthesis (Sayl Phalaerotophora [aseial

S. mllaris Melsh. 1: vigintidlWpuTlctJltll L. Anisotylus similis utahensis (HEN) 131 /-Iomalalyills filllniniLL5 (HEN I 3. 187 S. fenestratus Sahlhg. PhaiacrotopllOra filseillla 10PI 3. Ill, 187 /-IOtrUilol ylus qlwylei (HEN) 15H VerllTliJi discolor F. S. glacialis F. Periliws coccinel/ae (HB I 173 NemalOdewn seymni gla eiaiis (N) SS V. fre1Ultll Erdoes S. gllttulatus leConte /-Io maio c yhL~ flilminills (HEN 1 187 Metastenlls lownsendi (HPT) 22. 135. 143. 169 VibidiJi sp. S. inclilden..~ Kirsch /-Iolllalolyills sp. 11-1 EN I H /-Iomalolyills ql.w ylei (HEN) 158 Phaiacrolophora fa sciaca I DP I 8 S. J,.·iesenwetteri Mulsant V, dU(KlecimguttJltJl Pooa Pa chynelLro n sp. (HPT) 6. 18? PhiliacrolOphora fascia Iii lOP) II , IH 7 S. lacustris leConte A nisolyills similis lllahensis (HEN ) 135 . 143 /-Ioma iolyius lerminaiis lerm;,wlis (H EN ) 143 PARASITES ATIACKING M elaslenlls townsendi IHPT) 143 COCCINELLIDS S. me lsheime ri Ws. FUNGI Ani501yit.L5 similis lllahensis (H EN ) 1137 Beauveria bassiana Vuillman -Adalia bipunctala. S. ornatus leConte AdoniE! IIIldecimnOlala. Coccinelia quinquepunc- /-I ol1U1 lotyllls. flaminills (HEN ) IH ?, 199 1<11;1. C. sepcem{JlI.n elillil. C. Irifa sciala. E pililchna Tetrastie/Ills sp. (HEU ) 1Si. 199 vilrivescis. /-Ilirmonia qlwdripllnclata, Pa ehynelLron sp. (HPT) 199 B. teneUa i Del.I Siemasko - EpilachnJl vigin­ S. sOlulanensis Sic...ro CiOCCOPllll ccilca /-Iom;llo l yILL~ flaminiwi (HEU ) IHi. 199 Oadosporiwl1 sp. - Cycioneda sangllinea Pa chynellron sp. (HPTI 199 Hesperomyces virescens Thaxter - Tetraslicillls sp. (HEU I l Si. 199 bipusllliacus S. qLUulrimJlclllJltll Herbst Lahoulhenia sp. - Cocci nella llndecimpllnctlll il i-lol1U1 lotyllis qllaylei (HEN 1 1S8 Lahoulheniaceae - ChilocorLL5 bil'lL5wlacLL5 S. .~Ilbvillosus Goeze Metarrhizillm anisopliae (Metchnikoffl - Tetrasticillls neglecllls (HEU ) 4 1, 4() Epilaclllla viginlioctopllnclata S. slltllrJllis Thunbg. Myrotheciulll roridlllll Tode - Epilachna l-lo maloc yln~ qlUlylei (H EN I \ :;B liCl n"uestis Semiadalia sp. PhyUaclinia suffu.ha I Reb. 1 Sacco - /-liliyzill PlliILa crolophora fas eiala (DPI B. 70 duodecimgulllll lL . II. .sedecimglLltaca. H. vigin­ S. Ilnclecimnvtatll Schneider cidlwPILI1 Clillil Degeeria ilLclOsa (01'1 66. 70 Unidentified Fungi - Olla abdominaiis Periiillls coccinellJle (1-1 B 1 I 7 I S. Ilndecimnotllta novemp"nctlltll FOllrcoy BACTERIA Phaiacrocophora fasciala (DP I I S7 Bacterial or Viral - Scelhorus punctillum Sidis sp. Unidentifi .. d Bach-'ria - Cyc/oT!cdii sanguillea. /-Iomaiolyills sp. (H EN I H /-lipl'odamili CO Ill"NI'''IlS Tecra sciclllls sp. (HEU I 7 I'rolowa S ubcoccinellJl vigintiqUJIturopunctatll L. Gregarinidae Tecrilsciehlls epihlehnae fHEUI :lH. 4 1, 59. IHI Gregarina sp. A doniil variegaca. Coccillella Synharmvnia cong loblltJl L. sepcemf/I/lU'Calll . Illlnnonia conglobala, H. Tec ra s cichlL~ coecinellae IHEU I 4 1 qllllduordecimplIll ccllcii. Pullus impeX LL5 StethunL~ sp. G. coccineUae Lipa -Coccinellil qilinquepllllcla lli. RidiPlI8iil scech onlP (MI 7 1 C. sepC clIlplllu-calll. /\IIyrrha oClOdecilllgllllaca S. Ki[vifron .~ Mulsant Unidentified Gregarinidae - Hippodamia Niekellsi" "ccchonl(' I IVIi -. I collvcrgens. Cocrinella ILndecillll'llIlctilla ,S. [JUfH'tum LeConte M.icrosporidia Nickellsiil scechorae (MI -. I Nosl'nlH coccinellae Lipa - Cocci nella sep­ TI'I",[or!rollllls fillhu-i, I A , 141> I CIIl/JIIIU'CIII II. [-I ippo dil III iii tredecimf/IUl CI al a, Ullio Plltilipd Baetpri a or Virll s 1131 11() H .ITrhii occor/ecil11l'Ul/lIla 17w..H sp. N. hjppodmniac Li pa - Analis rilch voni, /-lip­ I'h il lil crocol'hora fasciil cil I I)' I B f/ or/lllnia CIJI II 'erg(, lIs. Ollil abdo lll;,wli~ J . E:-':TO'lOJ.. Soc. BIlIT. C() I.1 · ,I BI.\. 67 (1 970), Au;. 1, Ina 39

N. tracheophila Cole and Briggs - Coccinelill cinelliclae. Coleom egilla sp.. Coleomeg il/a seplempunclala flu/ clliala. Epilach/w sp .. E. va ri veSlis Rickettsia stethorae Hall - S lelhorus sp .. S. Degeeria coUaris Fall. - Coccinelliclae gilvifrons. S. punclurn. S. punclillum D. luctosa Meigan - Adalia decimpllnclalil. Unidentifie d Mic ros poridia - l-IIPpodamia Semilldalia lllldecim/lOlillil convergens Exoristoides slossonae Coq, - Coccinellidae. Epilachna va riL'estis N"EMAffiDA Doryphorophaga doryphorae Ril. - Coccinelliclae Agamennis decaudata Christie - Coleomegilla LydinolydeUa brucki Blanch, - Coccinellidae flUICll1il1a L. metallica Townsend - CoccineUidae. Epiillchna Hexamermis sp. - Aphidecla oblilerala sp. • E. euseT1Ui. E. T1Ui:.ginelill Mermis sp. - Adonia IIndecil1lf1011lla. A. vareigllla. Nell10rilla lIIaculosa Mg. - Coccineliidae. Cocciflellil septempunctala. Harmonill Epi/achnll t'llriveslis qlladlwrdecimpunclala Paradexodes epiJachnae Aldrich - Epilachrw M. coccineUae Dies. - Coccinella seplempllnclllla t'[lriveslis. E. defecta. E. philipi/lI/ellSis M. nigrescens Duj. - Coccinell;l septempllnclala Phorocera doryphorae Riley - Epilachna Nel11atodeum scymni glacialis Dies. - Scym/llIs l 'Clrivestis gla cill lis P. c1arip(~ rll1.j s Macquart - Epilachna va riveslis Parasitylenchoides sp. - HIlTl1w I1ia conglobala. Sarcophaga latistenms Park. - Coccinellidae. H. qlladllordecimpunclllla Epilachlla l'arivestis Parasitylenchus coccineHae Tperti and Waerebeke S. rapax Walk. Coccinelliclae. Epilachll

de/iciens. Eriopsis connexa. CryplOLaemus I1wn­ H. terminalis californicus Girault· - AdRlia trollziere bipunclllta. Chilomcnes sexl1Ulw[alll. CoccinelLa Synaldis sp. - Epilachna varivestis novemnotalll. C. qllinquepltrl Cla la, HippodRmw Unidentified Braconidae - Leis con/ormis convergens Ceraphronidae H. terminalis terminalis (Sayl' - Analis Aphanogmus sp. - Chilocorus bipuswlaws quinqlle decimpullclillil. Chilocorus sirrn'lis. Coc­ Chalcididae cinelLa llovemllOlala. CoccinellidRe. Coleomegilla Brachymeria sp. - Epilachna chrysomelina sp., C. illllolala. C. maw[alil. CycionedR sp .. C. B. carinatifrons Gahan - EpiLachrUl deJecta, E. munda. C. sa ll guinea. HippodRmia convergens. va riveslis Neom ysia pullala. Psyllobora viginlil1Ulculllla. Unidentified O1alcididae - EpilachrUl vigin­ ScymTll/'s sp .. S. la c//.Slris lioctopunctala H. vicinlls Say - Neph//.S veluslUS Eneyrtidae Isodromus niger Ashmead - Chilocorus similis Achrysopophagus aegyptieus Meree! Lepidaphyc u s bosqui Blanch-Cycloneda Chilocorw; bipl/.Swlatus sanguinea. Eriopsis connexa Anisotylus sp. - Coccinellidae. Hyperaspis sp .. Mestocharis Iividlls Girault - EpiLachna vigin­ ScymnLL~ sp. tioctopullclalil A. allJifrons Ishii - Scymnus sp. Ooencyrtlls johnsoni (Howardl - Coccinellidae A. similis similis (Ashmead, '-Scym/ll/'s cervico lis Stomatoceras coUisclitelium Girault - Epilachna A. similis texan us Timberlake - Coceinellidae. viginlioClOpllnclala Hyperaspis bigeminala Zeteticontus sp. - Chilocorus bipustula!IlS A. similis utahensis Timberlake - Scymnu,S Elliophidae ilmerica Tll/.S . S. collaris. S. la cuslris. S. melshiemeri Pediobius epilachnae Rohwer '--Epilachna sp.. E. Homalotyloides latiscapes Mali - Chiloear/ /.S chrysol71elina. E. philipiTlllellsis. E. variveslis. E. bipl/.Slulatus Vigililioclopllll clatil Homalotylus sp. - Adalia /lavOlrUlclllata. Adonia P. mediopunctata Wtstn. - CoccinelLa sp. sp.. Chiloco rL/.S sp., C. bipuslllialus. Chilomenes sp .. P. foveolatlls Crawford - Epilachlla sp. C. IWlllla. Coccinella sp., C. seplempllnclalll. Syntomosphyrum taprobanes Wtstn. Coccinellidile. CycionedR sanguinea. Cydonia sp., SCYI71//I /.S sp. Exochomlls sp.. E. nigrimllclliala. E. Tetrastichus sp. - Aclalia sp. , A dollill variegala. qlladripl/.Sw[atns. HippodRmia sp .. Hyperllspis sp .. Chilocorlls sp" Chilomellcs lunata. Coccill ella sp .. H. glll111[lllll. H. [II terll [is . Nephl/.S sp .. Sr:ymnlls sp .. Epilachna sp .. E. iTldicli . Exochoml/.S sp., Hyperaspis Sidis sp.. Vibidia sp. senegillellsis. Neplws sp.. ScyrnTll/.S omall/.S. S. H. affinis Timberlake - Hyper/lspis oscllillns soudall ellsi". Sidis sr, H. alhitarsus Gahan - Coceinellidae T. ('occmeUae Kmdjumov - Adalia bipunc!ata. H. hr:-p.vicauda Timberlake - Scymnlls sp. Cillt;iil qwulllordecimpullctatil (-= sedecimgttllala), H. cock e r e lli Timberlake - H yp erllspis Chi/ocorlls bipIISlllliI!IIS . C. renipusWI,llus. Iril1wcllllllil. H. villigerll Chilol1lclles sexl1lilclllilla. Coccineila H. flaminius Dalman ' - Adonill vilTicgillll. qllinqll cplII!('lillii. C. scplemplLllctata. C. un­ ChilocorLL~ sp.. C. bipllSW[MILS. C. kl.llVllnllc. decimplI ll (' lill II. C{J{'rillc ilidae. Harmollia Chilomenes lunlllll. Coccinellil brucki. C. qllilllliorr/pcimpllIlcllIl';' S\'llharI1l0Ilia cO ll g/obl/la quillqlleplLTlclIllll. C. repllnda. C. seplCmp lLTl CIilIll . T. "pilachnl\(' Giard ' - A dllliil biplLllctma. Coccinelliclae. Egleis kingi. Exochoml/.S sp.. E. Chilo('lJrlls bipIISlllla!lIs. CocciTl eila sep ­ /Ial'ipes. E. qlladril'llslIL/llt ll s. Hilrmonill lemp"II(' IIIIlI. Epilachlla sp.. E. arg//.S. E. (·onglobalil. H. qlllldllordecimpllnClall1. Hip­ chrvsomclillil. Exo('hol1llls / Ia vipes. E. podillnia libialis. H. tredecimplln clilta. fJ ypeTilspis qlli/driplIs! ulill /I S. SuiJ cocci Il eila t'ig in­ ('ampeslris. H. senegalensis. Orcl/.S chalybae//.S. O. I iqllal roPlIIl('1i lliI jaT1l h i Tll~s. 0, Ia/crti. O. nlll71mll1l1ri~. Uodalia T. ml'i ani s Bark:; Coccill ella sp.. C. cardinalis. Scymrll/'s sp .. S. omilllts. S. sOllda ncnsis. qllillqllcde('imIlOUII I/. C. qllillquepllllctalll 77, ,,a t'iginlidlloplIll clllla, Vcralliil /rcll ill il T. nllnlllus I Howard I ' - A da lia bipllllclata. H. h)1)eraspidius Timberlakr - f/ypcraspis Chi/llrl!ms similis. (;orciTl clla sp .. Coccill ellidlle. lJlldulalii eye/olleda "il ll p;lIillea H. ocuJatlis G irault - SITm /IIlS hipllIlCIlIII /.S T.lwglectus I)mnrnit:hini -Chilocor//.S b,j'llgILS. C. H. quaylei Timberlak!' Scymnlls sr.. S. bip/l,,1 /l lill liS. Coccilleila septempuTlctala. /ell estrilll/.S. s. incilldells. S. qlUldrimilclllilla. S. EXIJc/wmlls qllildripl~5111 I a!I/'s. SCYI71Tl l/'s sllbvilloS IlS sll/llra li~ T. st'lIIpronius Erdops - Chiloco n~5 hipl/.Swlall/.S J. E STmlol.. Soc. BH IT . C OI.DII

T. thanasil11i Ashmead'- Chilacarus stigm

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OR I FT PERIODICITY A:\ O UPSTREA:VI DI SPEHSIO:\ OF STREAM L\SECTSI MERLYN A . BRUSVEN'

ABSTRACT Drift pe riodicit. y and upstream dispe rsion by larval and nymphal insects from two north Ida ho streams we re investigated. Drift was determined with drift nets sampling at 2-hour interva ls over 24-hour pe ri ods. Upstream dispersion was evaluated using a ma rk ing- release-reca pt ure technique. M ay­ fli es de monstrated nocturna l drift as did the corixid Sigara (Vermicorixa) grossolineata Hunge rford a nd dipt.eran Simulium sp.; chironomids showed con tinuous drift as opposed to behavioral drift for most o f the o ther insects s tudied. Both nocturna l a nd diurnal drift occurred with species in the orde r Trichoptera. Stonefies s howed little tende ncy t o drift. Mid-summer upstream dispersion by ma ture ny mphs a nd la rvae o f selected species was found to be in­ significant as a means of recolonizing insect -decimated riffle habitats a nd offsetting downst ream displacement by drift.

INTROUL:CTIO:\ L pstrf'am dispersion of I)(' nthic invertebrates has Knowledge of recoloniza tion processes of inst'ct­ b!,pn studied to 11 nlll('h lesst'r ('xtpnl. Npave II (nU) decimated streams is a maller of increasing im­ rt'ported nymphs of tilp mllyfl,' Rfilslllrus ('upidus portance in lU1den;tanding strf'um ('mlogy. The Say to annllally mm'(' up newly formf'd triblltarif's. presence or absence of certain species of insects Studying enerl-'! fl o" in a ~ t rt'am . Ball el iJ f. 119h;11 often refl ects thl.' quality of a ,trpam. Insects a lso detcclt'd upstream dispersion of radioplH h phoflls constitute an important trophic link in [(",d cha in s and suggf'stetl it " 'as 1"lSsibl )' transported by in­ and pla y an impo rtant role in secondary production. wrtebrat(',.; . l3ishop and Bi:; hop I I (lila I r(' portcd no Maintenance of 11l1pollllted. hi!-[h-qllality , treams and upstr('am mm'{' m('nt of nymphs labt'ied \vith I"" . rehabilitation of tho,!, that ha\'(' been rendf' red Stud) ing dispersal patterns of thp ll1a~-fly n\·mph. lUlprndllcli vc a re vit al l'o ll s id e rati()n ~ in strcanl Uilelis ,.; p. and a (·flIsta('t'an. (;iJI1WUlrtlS sp .. \\'atf'rs managPI1lcnl. I I