Architecture of the Valpovo Estate in the 19Th Century
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Dragan Damjanović, PhD Zaključak groblja podigao je Pavlu Pejačeviću, posljednjem podgoračkom grofu, i Kraj Prvog svjetskog rata označio je ujedno kraj velikih graditeljskih njegovoj supruzi, svojoj tetki Alvini, rođenoj Hilleprand von Prandau, projekata na području Valpovačkog vlastelinstva. Iako se vlastelinstvo Architecture of the Valpovo reprezentativnu neoklasicističku kapelu od kvalitetnog mramora i granita. 1919. ponovno povećalo nakon što je Rudolf Normann od brata Gustava Slavoniju, Karl je svirao zajedno s osječkim umjetnicima amaterima Zaključak Izveo ju je 1909. godine pod nadzorom osječkog graditelja Paula Wranke kupio Bizovačko vlastelinstvo, gospodarske prilike ovoga prostranoga Alojzijem Katzthallerom, Lackenbachom, Hermannom i inženjerom th bečki majstor Eduard Hauser, koji je u Osijeku imao lijalu svoje tvrtke. 91 posjedaObitelj Hilleprand u sljedećih von su se Prandau nekoliko upravljala godina izrazito je Valpovačkim pogoršale. vlastelinstvom, Završetkom Bernardom te je priređivao glazbene večeri u Valpovu i Miholjcu. Kada Estate in the 19 Century Zanimljivo je napomenuti da se grobnica gotovo potpuno istoga rješenja agrarneodnosno reforme posjedom, 1934. 164 godine godine, vlastelinstvo a zatim upravu je izgubilo nad njim još jedanpreuzima dio se preselio u Beč, aktivno je sudjelovao u bečkom glazbenom životu. može naći i u samome Beču (i također ju je izvela tvrtka Hauser), na zemljištaobitelj von te Normann-Ehrenfels, se od tada bavilo isključivo do konskacije prodajom 1945. drva. godine. U potpunosti Obitelj je Organizirao je glazbene večeri u svom bečkom domu te je pridonio groblju u Hietzingu, u neposrednoj blizini Schönbrunna, a podigla ju je nestaloHilleprand dolaskom von Prandau komunista poduzimala na vlast je1945. različite godine.93 aktivnosti na unapređenju stvaranju novog glazbenog instrumenta – sharmonike. Nakon smrti obitelj Weiler. Vrijemegospodarstva neposredno na vlastelinstvu, nakon Prvog odnosno svjetskog posjedu. rata obilježenoPritom su mijenjalije polaganim svoje supruge Marije !erese Karl se još više posvetio glazbi, skladanju, organizaciju posjeda kako bi omogućili njegovo bolje funkcioniranje i Druga grobna kapela koju je Rudolf Normann namjeravao podići, a koja uništavanjem postojeće graditeljske baštine vlastelinstva – 1919. godine preradi djela W. A. Mozarta, L. van Beethovena, C. Gounoda, G. privređivanje. Obitelj von Normann-Ehrenfels preuzela je taj posjed u ujedno predstavlja i najambiciozniji sakralni projekt iz vremena njegova opljačkani su dvorci u Bizovcu i Jelengradu, a sve se više zapuštaju i brojni Meyerbeera, F. Mendelssohna, L. Spohra, F. Schuberta i drugih te posljednjim desetljećima postojanja pa se više bavila njegovim održanjem, upravljanja vlastelinstvom, nova obiteljska grobnica u Valpovu, ostat će drugi objekti po vlastelinstvu. Proces će kulminirati nakon 1945. godine, humanitarnom radu kao mecena siromašnih učenika i umjetnika, npr. a tek usputno razvojem. nerealizirana. Njezin projekt povjeren je već spomenutom omiljenom kada dvorac i cijeli posjed u Valpovu prelaze u državne ruke i kada je dio Ivana Lickla, Petera Schmidta, Antuna Oberrittera. Darovao je oko 1852. Obje obitelji nastojale su dio prihoda uložiti u unapređenje školstva na arhitektu slavonskih veleposjednika Istvánu Mölleru, koji je projektirao33 inventara ove prostrane plemićke rezidencije stradao što zbog vandalizma, Introduction godine župnoj crkvi sv. Mihaela arkanđela u Donjem Miholjcu orgulje. valpovačkom području. Pritom je obitelji Hilleprand von Prandau radila neorenesansnu građevinu čiji tlocrt podsjeća na grčki križ s tim da su što zbog nekvalitetno provedenih zahvata.94 th in Osijek or the estate cellar in Villány, which is in the Hungarian part of na širenju mreže obrazovnih institucija, a obitelj von Normann-Ehrenfels During the 19 century, Valpovo Estate was the one of the largest estates njegovi poprečni kraci transformirani u svetište, odnosno apsidu. Iznad Baranja today. na održavanju, odnosno omogućavanju daljnjega djelovanja školskih territorially in Croatia, and one of the most successful economically. središnjeg prostora kapele uzdizala bi se visoka kupola s lanternom. institucija. Obitelj Hilleprand von Prandau uložila je početkom 19. stoljeća !erefore, it is not surprising that the Valpovo landowners constructed a Projekti za kapelu datirani su 26. rujna 1914. godine, dakle izrađeni su th dio vlastelinskih prihoda u gradnju kazališne zgrade te je sve do polovice series of important residential, public, economic, and sacral buildings in The Complex of the Valpovo Castle at the End of the 18 and u trenutku kada je već počeo Prvi svjetski rat pa njihova realizacija nije th stoljeća ulagala u rad kazališta. the territory of the estate, and beyond it, during that period. the First Half of the 19 Century mogla početi.92 Nije jasno da li je trebala zamijeniti postojeću kapelu Valpovački vlastelini Considering that the archival materials from the estate were mostly !e main building of the Valpovo Estate, the Valpovo castle complex, Obje su obitelji svojim djelovanjem tijekom više od dva stoljeća omogućile svetog Roka ili biti podignuta na nekoj drugoj lokaciji. društveni, kulturni, obrazovni i gospodarski razvoj valpovačkog područja. preserved, it is possible to track the construction activities nanced can be considered as one of the most layered monuments in Slavonia by the estate in great detail, from the time it was established in 1721 in general, as well as the most interesting from the historical and art until it was disbanded in 1945. However, considering that there is a historical perspective. !e oldest part of the complex is a well preserved great amount of les that deal with the construction interventions, they Medieval fort, doubtlessly built during the 15 th century, while the Valpovo Prandau-Normann cannot all be inspected in detail. Furthermore, considering that the total Estate was owned by the Morović family, which was granted to them by a number of structures that belonged to the estate was vast, as many as 562 deed from King Sigismund of Luxembourg. Considering that the fort was structures in 1885, 1 this text is a kind of a selection of the most important used during the Ottoman period and that it was not burned during the architectural achievements during the so-called long 19 th century, i.e. from Great Turkish War and the establishment of the Habsburg authority over the nal decades of the 18 th century until 1918. !e text is based on the this area in the end of the 17 th century, it was used and incorporated into archival materials from the estate, the overview of the periodicals from the new estate complex. Osijek and Slavonia from the end of the 19 th and the beginning of the !e earliest period of the post-Ottoman history of the main residence of VALPOVO LANDOWNERS 20 th century, and the texts published so far that covered the history or the the Valpovo landowners is the most di#cult period to research, because heritage of this estate. 2 only a few documents from the 18 th century were preserved. On New During its somewhat more than two hundred years of existence, the Year’s Eve 1802 there was a great re at the castle which almost entirely PRANDAU-NORMANN 4 borders of the Valpovo Estate changed o"en, which is a fact that had to destroyed the archives and the old library. !e preserved documents be considered in this text, and it therefore had to be adjusted accordingly, indicate that immediately a"er Baron Petar II Antun Hilleprand von at least in part. !erefore, the buildings in the Miholjac area built before Prandau (1676 – 1767, owner of the estate 1721 – 1767) received 1831 and the formation of the separate Miholjac Estate were included in the Valpovo Estate from the ruler, as early as 1722 – 1724, the rst the text, but the later construction in that area was excluded, considering interventions on the fort began and it started to be slowly adapted in order that those two estates were never again joined in the administrative sense. to turn it into a residence of a landowner, so the work was entrusted to On the other hand, some more signicant structures from the short-lived the masonry supervisor Jacob Hagner. 5 While it appears that the east and Bizovac Estate were included, considering that it was separated from the the west wing of the Medieval fort were only repaired, the south wing was Valpovo Estate only in the period from 1892 to 1919. 3 Also, the text covers thoroughly reconstructed in the rst half of the 18 th century. !e motif estate structures that were outside of its territory, like the palace on the portrait of Petar II Antun Hilleprand von Prandau created around 1750 clearly shows that the mentioned wing of the castle already had all 1 Danhelovsky, A. Die EXcellenz Gustav Hilleprand Freiherr von Prandau’schen Domänen Valpo und Dolnji-Miholjac in Slavonien. Wien : K. K. Ho`uchhandlung Wilhelm Frick, 1885, p. 287. 2 On the significance of the family in the cultural history of Slavonia see more in the dissertation: Najcer Sabljak, J. Umjetničke zbirke vlastelinskih obitelji u Slavoniji i Srijemu. Doktorski rad. Zagreb : Filozofski fakultet Sveučilišta u 91 Damjanović, D. Grobna kapela grofa Pavla Pejačevića u Podgoraču. Našički zbornik 7(2002.), str. 221–229. Zagrebu, 2012, p. 40–85. 92 Muzej Slavonije, Povijesna zbirka, inv. br. 377–387. 3 Karaman, I. Valpovačko vlastelinstvo : ekonomsko-historijska analiza. Zagreb : Jugoslavenska akademija znanosti i umjetnosti, 1962, 89–91. 33 Demo, Š. [et al.], Zapisnik franjevačkog samostana u