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The Game of Philanthropy”

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The Game of Philanthropy” “The Game of Philanthropy” September 2008 Jeff Lawrence [email protected] game n. 1. an activity providing entertainment or amusement; a pastime: 2. a competitive activity or sport in which players contend with each other according to a set of rules. philanthropy n. 1. the effort or inclination to increase the well-being of humankind, as by charitable aid or donations. GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 Games we’re familiar with… Tag, Jump Rope, Dodgeball, Kickball, Tetherball, Foursquare, Hopscotch, Marbles, Red Light Green Light, Hide and Seek, Duck Duck Goose, Pickle, Horse, Capture the Flag, Candyland, Barrel of Monkeys, Chutes and Ladders, Operation, Connect Four, Spin the Clue, Scrabble, Mousetrap, Aggravation, Boggle, Battleship, Twister, Bop It,Bottle, Hot Football, Volleyball,Charades, Baseball, Parcheesi, Softball, Monopoly, Hockey, Chess, Basketball, Checkers, Soccer, Backgammon, Potato, Pin the Track and Field, Bowling, Golf, Tennis, Car Racing, Billiards, Lacross, Go, Life,Tail on the Donkey, Pong, Tank, Death Race, Sea Wolf, Space Invaders,Cricket, Skiing,Stratego, Musical Asteroids, Galaxian, Lunar Lander, Asteroids, Battlezone,SwimmingRisk, and Yahtzee, Chairs, Red Bezerk, Centipede,diving, Snow-Puzzles, Trivial Gran Turismo 4, Dragon Ball Z Budokai 3, Final Rover, Mother Tag, Jump rope, Dodgeball, Kickball, Tetherball, Foursquare, Hopscotch,boarding, Pursuit, Fantasy XII, Doom 3, MarioMarbles, Kart, Red light greenFinal light, FantasyHide and seek, DuckVII: Defender,duck goose, Pickle, Horse, Capture the flag, Spin the bottle, Hot potato, Pin the tail on the donkey, Musical Dominoes,May I, Simon Says, Red rover, Mother may I, Simon says, King of the hill, Marco polo Badminton, Advent Children, Animal chairs,Crossing, Red rover, Mother Age may of I,Missile Simon Empires says, KingCommand, of the hill, Marco polo Sorry, Twister,Heads Up III, Super Mario 64, World of Warcraft, Star FoxPac-Man, Boxing, Cycling, Taboo, Simon,Seven Up Assault, Star Wars Republic Commando, Yoshi RallyFencing, X, Field Risk, Pictionary,King of the Hill, Touch & Go, Donkey Kong Jungle Beat, The Sims 2,Tempest, Hockey, Martial Mr. PotatoMarco Polo, NBA Street V3, Paper Mario: The Thousand-Donkey Year Kong,Arts, Rowing, Head, Topple,Sardines, Door, The Legend of Zelda, SOCOM 3: U.S. Navy Frogger,Surfing, Polo, Uno, Fish, Limbo, Seals, MVP Baseball 2005, Resident Evil 4, GrandMousetrap, Paintball, War, Hearts,Freeze Tag, Theft Auto, Area 51,Dig Dug,Water Polo, Old Maid, Poker, Shark Madden NFL 2006, Jak 3, WWE SmackDown!Pole vs. Position, Ice Skating, Blackjack, Ghost in RAW, Ratchet and Clank: Up Q*Bert,Gymnastics, Solitaire,The Dark, GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2 What is the game of philanthropy? Game board End of game Fill needs Fix problems Change views, values or beliefs Rules, Constraints, Boundaries Non persistent Context sensitive Game pieces Strategy People Competitive and/or cooperative i Data, information, Playing time knowledge, experience Indeterminate Technology Intra generational or inter Capital generational GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 3 Who are the players? Source: Guidestar , Foundation Center GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 4 Or put another way… Individuals Advisors Legal Donor Corporation Community Public Private Advised Government Foundation Foundation Foundation Foundation Fund Accounting Financial Insurance Non-profit Program Development Information Technology Other Society Legislature Regulators GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 5 What is the current state of philanthropy? There are a lot of broken things and a lot of people trying to fix them The battles to fix the broken things are very asymmetric Foundations, corporations and individuals cannot assume all of the responsibilities government is shedding The non-profit world (grantors and grantees) is very fragmented Non-profits have been wounded by scandals and are politically weak People in the non-profit world are passionate, articulate and generally committed to doing good Many non-profits (operating and non-operating) seem to be very personality driven and without clear succession plans Understanding, measuring and comparing the effectiveness, success and return on investment of programs is quite often difficult Funding and forums to pass on lessons learned seem to be scarce GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 6 What is altruism? altruism n. 1. unselfish concern for the welfare of others; selflessness. The theory The reality Evolutionary biology suggests People will often act against people should only help genetic their own self interest relatives and not others People will cooperate with others and punish those who don’t even when they have nothing to gain People trust others when they should not True altruism appears to be part of human nature Why? Ensures continuation of Why? common genetic material into the future Anthropologists, biologists and scientists don’t know for sure GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Source: Science, NewScientist..com, Los Angeles Times 7 Why do people give? Gender Race Social Learned Age Cultural Education Economic Taught Occupation Economic Individual Reputation Values Anarchy Moral beliefs Dictatorship Ethical beliefs Christianity (33%) Oligarchy Islam (22%) Theocracy Hinduism (15%) Monarchy Non-religious (14%) Direct Democracy Political Religious Buddhism (6%) Indirect Democracy Chinese Traditional (4%) Plutocracy Primal Indigenous (3%) Aristocracy Other (3%) Meritocracy Stratocracy GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 8 Why do I give? Attended church Attend some church Food to mission Food to mission Food to mission Community service Volunteered at public Volunteer at public Family foundation Time schools schools Volunteered to coach Letter writing and visits sports to elderly Volunteered for scouts Family foundation Lobbying Food to mission Food to mission Gave to homeless Gave to homeless Gave to church Gave to church Money Gave to family Gave to charities Gave to public schools Gave to employees Family foundation Generation -1 Generation 0 Generation +1 Parents Ourselves Children GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 9 How did I get my money? People born Total Wealth Transfer to Transfer Charities August 24, 2000 (1998 – 2052) (1998 – 2052) 1906 - 1925 $3.5 trillion $0.4 trillion 1926 - 1945 $15.6 trillion $2.3 trillion All adults as of 1998 $41.0 trillion Transfer Accumulation DealDeal closed closed Creation Based on: http://www.bc.edu/research/swri/ GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 10 Why did I start my foundation? Possible Paths Ad-hoc gifts What w e have What w e need Gift to non-profit Gift to public foundation Gift to community foundation Form private family foundation Considerations Self interest (family) Those we know (business and friends) Those we don’t know (everybody else) “When you learn, teach. When you get, give.” - Unknown GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 11 How did I start my foundation? 9 Create legal structure 9 Fund the foundation 9 Publicize the foundation 9 Understand the needs, problems and issues that are out there 9 Decide what interests us and where we Intel think we can make a difference 9 Learn how to judge requests and make grants 9 Meet with people and do site visits Trillium 9 Learn about non-profit accounting and taxes 9 Select a financial manager 9 Establish an investment policy 9 Manage our assets Family Foundation 9 Manage and review our grants Trusts 9 Attend conferences 9 Let others know about our activities 9 Plan for succession 9 Learn how to make socially responsible investments 9 Governance 9 Pass on what we’ve learned and keep learning GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 12 Where does my foundation fit in? $12,000 10,882 Family Foundation Giving Total US Giving (billions) (2003) $10,000 (2003) $4,000 $3,500 Individuals $179.36 $3,000 Foundations $2,500 $8,000 $266.40 Bequests $2,000 Corporations $1,500 $26.30 Volunteer time Billions $1,000 $21.60 Giving (millions) Total $6,000 $500 $13.46 $0 $0 - $1M - $5M - $10M - $100M > $1 $1M $5M $10M $100M - $1B billion $4,000 Family Foundation Assets 20000 18000 17,546 GDP of only 14 Foundation Giving 2,156 countries > 507 4% (2002) 16000 $2,000 8% GDP of only 59 14000 countries > 30 GDP of 93 largest 11% Independent 12000 507 coountries Corporate 10000 30 10 0.00025 $0 (????) Community 8000 6,601 Operating 6000 77% foundations Number of family 4000 US GDP 2000 1,588 1,846 Foundations 212 0 11 Total VC Investing Source: Foundation Center Lawrence FoundationLawrence Total Charitable Giving Source: Foundation Center US Federal Expenditures Source: Foundation Center, World Bank, PricewaterhouseCoopers MoneyTree GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6 © 2008 Oceanpeak, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 13 What does my foundation want to accomplish? Filling needs -> Solving problems -> Addressing issues Problems -> Ideas -> Views, values and beliefs Immediate -> Short term -> Long term Grants Direct Unsolicited Solicited Program Operating Single year Multi year Environment, Environment, Education, Education, Human Human Services Services Time Learning Understanding “Knowing” GameOfPhilanthropy 1.6
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