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Enea® Linux 4.0 Release Information
Enea® Linux 4.0 Release Information 4.0-docupdate1 Enea® Linux 4.0 Release Information Enea® Linux 4.0 Release Information Copyright Copyright © Enea Software AB 2014. This User Documentation consists of confidential information and is protected by Trade Secret Law. This notice of copyright does not indicate any actual or intended publication of this information. Except to the extent expressly stipulated in any software license agreement covering this User Documentation and/or corresponding software, no part of this User Documentation may be reproduced, transmitted, stored in a retrieval system, or translated, in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of Enea Software AB. However, permission to print copies for personal use is hereby granted. Disclaimer The information in this User Documentation is subject to change without notice, and unless stipulated in any software license agreement covering this User Documentation and/or corresponding software, should not be construed as a commitment of Enea Software AB. Trademarks Enea®, Enea OSE®, and Polyhedra® are the registered trademarks of Enea AB and its subsidiaries. Enea OSE®ck, Enea OSE® Epsilon, Enea® Element, Enea® Optima, Enea® Linux, Enea® LINX, Enea® LWRT, Enea® Accelerator, Polyhedra® Flash DBMS, Polyhedra® Lite, Enea® dSPEED, Accelerating Network Convergence™, Device Software Optimized™, and Embedded for Leaders™ are unregistered trademarks of Enea AB or its subsidiaries. Any other company, product or service names mentioned in this document are the registered or unregistered trade- marks of their respective owner. Acknowledgements and Open Source License Conditions Information is found in the Release Information manual. © Enea Software AB 2014 4.0-docupdate1 ii Enea® Linux 4.0 Release Information Table of Contents 1 - About This Release ..................................................................................................... -
Linux Kernel and Driver Development Training Slides
Linux Kernel and Driver Development Training Linux Kernel and Driver Development Training © Copyright 2004-2021, Bootlin. Creative Commons BY-SA 3.0 license. Latest update: October 9, 2021. Document updates and sources: https://bootlin.com/doc/training/linux-kernel Corrections, suggestions, contributions and translations are welcome! embedded Linux and kernel engineering Send them to [email protected] - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 1/470 Rights to copy © Copyright 2004-2021, Bootlin License: Creative Commons Attribution - Share Alike 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/legalcode You are free: I to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work I to make derivative works I to make commercial use of the work Under the following conditions: I Attribution. You must give the original author credit. I Share Alike. If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under a license identical to this one. I For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. I Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder. Your fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Document sources: https://github.com/bootlin/training-materials/ - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 2/470 Hyperlinks in the document There are many hyperlinks in the document I Regular hyperlinks: https://kernel.org/ I Kernel documentation links: dev-tools/kasan I Links to kernel source files and directories: drivers/input/ include/linux/fb.h I Links to the declarations, definitions and instances of kernel symbols (functions, types, data, structures): platform_get_irq() GFP_KERNEL struct file_operations - Kernel, drivers and embedded Linux - Development, consulting, training and support - https://bootlin.com 3/470 Company at a glance I Engineering company created in 2004, named ”Free Electrons” until Feb. -
Powerkap - a Tool for Improving Energy Transparency for Software Developers on GNU/Linux (X86) Platforms
Project Report Department of Computing Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine PowerKap - A tool for Improving Energy Transparency for Software Developers on GNU/Linux (x86) platforms Author: Supervisor: Krish De Souza Dr. Anandha Gopalan Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the M.Eng Computing 4 of Imperial College London Contents 1 Introduction 6 1.1 Motivation . .6 1.2 Objectives . .7 1.3 Achievements . .7 2 Background 9 2.1 The relationship between power and energy. .9 2.2 Power controls on x86 platforms . .9 2.3 Improving software for power efficiency . 10 2.3.1 Algorithm . 10 2.3.2 Multithreading . 10 2.3.3 Vectorisation . 10 2.3.4 Improper sleep loops . 12 2.3.5 OS Timers . 13 2.3.6 Context aware programming . 13 2.4 Current methods of monitoring energy. 14 2.4.1 Out of Band Energy Monitor . 14 2.4.2 In-Band Energy Monitor . 14 2.4.2.1 Powertop . 15 2.4.2.2 Turbostat . 16 2.5 Related Work . 16 2.5.1 ENTRA 2012-2015 . 16 2.5.1.1 Common Assertion Language . 16 2.5.1.2 Compiler Optimisation and Power Trade-offs . 18 2.5.1.3 Superoptimization . 18 2.5.1.4 Thermal trade-off . 20 2.5.2 eProf . 20 2.5.2.1 Asynchronous vs Synchronous . 20 2.5.2.2 Profiling implementation . 21 2.5.3 Energy Formal Definitions . 21 2.5.3.1 Java Based Energy Formalism . 22 2.5.3.2 Energy Application Model . 22 2.5.4 Impact of language, Compiler, Optimisations . -
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4 System Analysis and Tuning Guide System Analysis and Tuning Guide SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4 System Analysis and Tuning Guide System Analysis and Tuning Guide SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4 An administrator's guide for problem detection, resolution and optimization. Find how to inspect and optimize your system by means of monitoring tools and how to eciently manage resources. Also contains an overview of common problems and solutions and of additional help and documentation resources. Publication Date: September 24, 2021 SUSE LLC 1800 South Novell Place Provo, UT 84606 USA https://documentation.suse.com Copyright © 2006– 2021 SUSE LLC and contributors. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or (at your option) version 1.3; with the Invariant Section being this copyright notice and license. A copy of the license version 1.2 is included in the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”. For SUSE trademarks, see https://www.suse.com/company/legal/ . All other third-party trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Trademark symbols (®, ™ etc.) denote trademarks of SUSE and its aliates. Asterisks (*) denote third-party trademarks. All information found in this book has been compiled with utmost attention to detail. However, this does not guarantee complete accuracy. Neither SUSE LLC, its aliates, the authors nor the translators shall be held liable for possible errors or the consequences thereof. Contents About This Guide xii 1 Available Documentation xiii -
Controlling Processor C-State Usage in Linux
Controlling Processor C-State Usage in Linux A Dell technical white paper describing the use of C-states with Linux operating systems Stuart Hayes | Enterprise Linux Engineering Controlling Processor C-State Usage in Linux THIS DOCUMENT IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY, AND MAY CONTAIN TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS AND TECHNICAL INACCURACIES. THE CONTENT IS PROVIDED AS IS, WITHOUT EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND. © 2013 Dell Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction of this material in any manner whatsoever without the express written permission of Dell Inc. is strictly forbidden. For more information, contact Dell. Dell, the DELL logo, and the DELL badge are trademarks of Dell Inc. Intel and Xeon are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. Dell Inc. disclaims any proprietary interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own. November 2013 | Revision 1.1 Page ii Controlling Processor C-State Usage in Linux Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................ 4 Background ................................................................................................................. 4 Checking C-State Usage .................................................................................................. 4 Disabling C-States for Low Latency ................................................................................... -
Oracle Solaris Operating System: Optimized for Sun X86 Systems in the Enterprise
An Oracle White Paper August 2011 Oracle Solaris Operating System: Optimized for Sun x86 Systems in the Enterprise Oracle Solaris Operating System: Optimized for Sun x86 Systems in the Enterprise Executive Overview ........................................................................... 1 Introduction ....................................................................................... 2 The Oracle Solaris Ecosystem ....................................................... 3 Intel Xeon Processor E7 Family ..................................................... 3 Oracle Integration .......................................................................... 4 Intelligent Performance ...................................................................... 5 Memory Placement Optimization (MPO) ........................................ 5 Intel Turbo Boost ........................................................................... 8 Automated Energy Efficiency ............................................................. 8 Oracle Solaris Power Aware Dispatcher ........................................ 9 PowerTOP ................................................................................... 10 Power Budgets and Power Capping ............................................ 11 Always Running APIC Timer ....................................................... 12 Reliability ......................................................................................... 12 Oracle Solaris FMA for Intel Xeon Processors ............................. 13 Security -
Profiling Energy Profilers
Profiling Energy Profilers Erik Jagroep, Jan Martijn E.M. Miguel Ferreira, van der Werf, Slinger Jansen Joost Visser Utrecht University Software Improvement Group B.V. Dept. of Information and Computing Sciences Amstelplein 1 Princetonplein 5 Amsterdam, The Netherlands Utrecht, The Netherlands {m.ferreira, j.visser}@sig.eu {e.a.jagroep, j.m.e.m.vanderwerf, slinger.jansen}@uu.nl ABSTRACT of power [13]. In addition, \a single ill-behaving power- While energy is directly consumed by hardware, it is the unfriendly software component on the system can thwart software that provides the instructions to do so. Energy pro- all of the power management benefits built into the hard- filers provide a means to measure the energy consumption ware" [12]. of software, enabling the user to take measures in making An energy profiler (EP) is a software tool that estimates software more sustainable. Although each energy profiler the energy consumption of a system based on the compu- has access to roughly the same data, the reported measure- tational resources used by applications, and by monitoring ments can differ significantly between energy profilers. In the hardware resources [1, 3, 11]. The use of EPs enables this research, energy profilers are evaluated through a series practitioners to investigate the energy consumption behav- of experiments on their functionality and the accuracy of the ior of their software without having to invest in specialized reported measurements. The results show that there is still hardware. However, many different EPs exist and each has work to be done before these software tools can be safely its own internal model to estimate the energy consumption. -
Dell Poweredge Systems Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5(X86 64, X86) Installation Instructions and Important Information
Dell PowerEdge Systems Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (x86_64, x86) Installation Instructions and Important Information Notes, Cautions, and Warnings NOTE: A NOTE indicates important information that helps you make better use of your computer. CAUTION: A CAUTION indicates either potential damage to hardware or loss of data and tells you how to avoid the problem. WARNING: A WARNING indicates a potential for property damage, personal injury, or death. © 2013 Dell Inc. All Rights Reserved. Trademarks used in this text: Dell™, the Dell logo, Dell Boomi™, Dell Precision™ , OptiPlex™, Latitude™, PowerEdge™, PowerVault™, PowerConnect™, OpenManage™, EqualLogic™, Compellent™, KACE™, FlexAddress™, Force10™, Venue™ and Vostro™ are trademarks of Dell Inc. Intel®, Pentium®, Xeon®, Core® and Celeron® are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. AMD® is a registered trademark and AMD Opteron™, AMD Phenom™ and AMD Sempron™ are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Microsoft®, Windows®, Windows Server®, Internet Explorer®, MS-DOS®, Windows Vista® and Active Directory® are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. Red Hat® and Red Hat® Enterprise Linux® are registered trademarks of Red Hat, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Novell® and SUSE® are registered trademarks of Novell Inc. in the United States and other countries. Oracle® is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Citrix®, Xen®, XenServer® and XenMotion® are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. VMware®, vMotion®, vCenter®, vCenter SRM™ and vSphere® are registered trademarks or trademarks of VMware, Inc. -
The Yocto Project Accelerating Embedded Product Development
Introduction to the Yocto Project Accelerating Embedded Product Development Rudolf J Streif [ yoc-to ] The smallest unit of measure, equal to one septillionth (10-24). The Yocto Project Ecosystem What it is, who we are, and why you should care... 3/64 © 2015 The Yocto Project The Yocto Project is not an Embedded Linux Distribution. It creates a custom one for You! The Yocto Project is not Single Open Source Project. It is an Ecosystem. The Yocto Project combines the convenience of a ready-to-run Linux Distribution with the flexibility of a custom Linux operating system stack. 4/61 © 2015 The Yocto Project Embedded Linux – Why is it Challenging? • DIY/Roll-Your-Own or Modify Mainstream Distro • Long Term Maintenance is difficult • Upstream Changes are difficult to track • Not embedded friendly • Licensing issues • No commercial embedded support • Build System and Cross Toolchain Challenges • Commercial/Community Embedded Linux • Too many competing systems • Incompatible distributions/build systems Developers spend lots of time porting or making build systems Leaves less time and resources to develop value- adding software features 5/61 © 2015 The Yocto Project Embedded Linux Landscape (1) Android – http://source.android.com ● Great for systems with ARM-based SoCs and touch screens ● Build system and development tools Ångström Distribution – http://www.angstrom-distribution.org ● Community distribution with a growing list of supported development boards ● Yocto Project build environment ● Online builder Narcissus Buildroot – http://buildroot.uclibc.org -
Power Management Guide
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Power Management Guide Managing and optimizing power consumption on RHEL 7 Last Updated: 2020-08-11 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Power Management Guide Managing and optimizing power consumption on RHEL 7 Marie Doleželová Red Hat Customer Content Services [email protected] Jana Heves Red Hat Customer Content Services Jacquelynn East Red Hat Customer Content Services Don Domingo Red Hat Customer Content Services Rüdiger Landmann Red Hat Customer Content Services Jack Reed Red Hat Customer Content Services Red Hat, Inc. Legal Notice Copyright © 2017 Red Hat, Inc. This document is licensed by Red Hat under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. If you distribute this document, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat, Inc. and provide a link to the original. If the document is modified, all Red Hat trademarks must be removed. Red Hat, as the licensor of this document, waives the right to enforce, and agrees not to assert, Section 4d of CC-BY-SA to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, the Red Hat logo, JBoss, OpenShift, Fedora, the Infinity logo, and RHCE are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Linux ® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and other countries. Java ® is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. XFS ® is a trademark of Silicon Graphics International Corp. or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. -
Project 1: Boot Process of an Embedded System, Its BSP and Development Environment
LECTURE: MP-6171 SISTEMAS EMPOTRADOS DE ALTO DESEMPEÑO Project 1: Boot Process of an Embedded System, its BSP and Development Environment Lecturers: MSc. José Araya Martínez MSc. Sergio Arriola-Valverde First term, 2020 0 Contents 1 Introduction3 1.1 Administrative Matters...........................3 1.1.1 Team Formation..........................3 1.1.2 Forum and Communication....................3 1.1.3 Plagiarism.............................4 1.2 Development Environment Overview....................4 1.2.1 Nomenclature............................5 2 Setting up the Host5 2.1 Downloading the VM and Configuring VirtualBox............6 2.2 Version Control: GIT............................7 2.3 Configure Local Area Network with Static IP...............8 2.4 Configure a TFTP Server for File Sharing.................9 2.5 Set NFS for Mounting a Remote File System............... 10 2.6 Installing the Eclipse IDE for C/C++ Developers............. 10 3 Setting up our Embedded System and its Board Support Package 11 3.1 Using a Pre-compiled Image: Raspbian.................. 12 3.2 Establishing UART Connection with the RPI............... 13 3.3 How Does an Embedded Device Boot?................... 16 3.3.1 The Specific Case of the Raspberry Pi 4.............. 18 3.4 First Stage Bootloader: BootROM..................... 19 3.5 Second Stage Bootloader: Das U-Boot................... 19 3.5.1 Toolchain for Cross-Compilation................. 20 3.5.2 Cross-compiling U-Boot...................... 21 3.5.3 Configuring our Target to Load U-Boot.............. 22 3.5.4 Configuring Static IP in U-Boot.................. 24 3.6 The Linux Kernel.............................. 25 3.6.1 Cross-compiling the Linux Kernel................. 26 3.6.2 Loading Kernel from TFTP.................... 29 3.7 YOCTO, File System and the Toolchain................. -
AMD Opteron™ 6200 Series Processors “Linux Tuning Guide”
AMD Opteron™ 6200 Series Processors Linux Tuning Guide © 2012 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. The contents of this document are provided in connection with Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (“AMD”) products. AMD makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice. The information contained herein may be of a preliminary or advance nature and is subject to change without notice. No license, whether express, implied, arising by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this publication. Except as set forth in AMD’s Standard Terms and Conditions of Sale, AMD assumes no liability whatsoever, and disclaims any express or implied warranty, relating to its products including, but not limited to, the implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or infringement of any intellectual property right. AMD’s products are not designed, intended, authorized or warranted for use as components in systems intended for surgical implant into the body, or in other applications intended to support or sustain life, or in any other application in which the failure of AMD’s product could create a situation where personal injury, death, or severe property or environmental damage may occur. AMD reserves the right to discontinue or make changes to its products at any time without notice. All Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) and Internet addresses provided were accurate at the time this document was published. Trademarks AMD, the AMD Arrow logo, and combinations thereof, AMD Athlon, AMD Opteron, 3DNow!, AMD Virtualization and AMD-V are trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.