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Government Financial Statements for the Financial Year 2020/2021
GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR 2020/2021 Cmd. 10 of 2021 ________________ Presented to Parliament by Command of The President of the Republic of Singapore. Ordered by Parliament to lie upon the Table: 28/07/2021 ________________ GOVERNMENT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR by OW FOOK CHUEN 2020/2021 Accountant-General, Singapore Copyright © 2021, Accountant-General's Department Mr Lawrence Wong Minister for Finance Singapore In compliance with Regulation 28 of the Financial Regulations (Cap. 109, Rg 1, 1990 Revised Edition), I submit the attached Financial Statements required by section 18 of the Financial Procedure Act (Cap. 109, 2012 Revised Edition) for the financial year 2020/2021. OW FOOK CHUEN Accountant-General Singapore 22 June 2021 REPORT OF THE AUDITOR-GENERAL ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF SINGAPORE Opinion The Financial Statements of the Government of Singapore for the financial year 2020/2021 set out on pages 1 to 278 have been examined and audited under my direction as required by section 8(1) of the Audit Act (Cap. 17, 1999 Revised Edition). In my opinion, the accompanying financial statements have been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with Article 147(5) of the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore (1999 Revised Edition) and the Financial Procedure Act (Cap. 109, 2012 Revised Edition). As disclosed in the Explanatory Notes to the Statement of Budget Outturn, the Statement of Budget Outturn, which reports on the budgetary performance of the Government, includes a Net Investment Returns Contribution. This contribution is the amount of investment returns which the Government has taken in for spending, in accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of Singapore. -
Community Policing in Singapore
COMMUNITY POLICING IN SINGAPORE by Mark Low Jian Neng A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in The Faculty of Graduate Studies (Geography) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA (VANCOUVER) April 2012 ©Mark Low Jian Neng, 2012 ABSTRACT This thesis is devoted towards unpacking how community policing has been managed as a state discourse by the Singapore Police Force. Firstly, community policing is located within the historical context of a modernising Singapore. This begins with the need for crime prevention that was disseminated through decentralised neighbourhood police posts in the 1980s. With economic restructuring in the 1990s, community policing was rescaled to meet the changing demography of the population. Following an enhanced deployment of counter-terrorism discourse in the wake of 9/11, community policing was re-invented as part of a (re)bordering strategy to safeguard territorial sovereignty and social cohesion. Secondly, the methodology of community policing is visualised through the changing frames of the state-produced docu- drama, Crime Watch. As a television programme that has consistently raked in high viewership numbers for 25 years, Crime Watch texts deserve their fair share of critical scrutiny to reveal the means of community engagement by the state police. Thirdly, the personal networks of Volunteer Special Constables are studied for the insights that they can reveal into the work of policing one’s community. Personal interviews with sixteen volunteers provide the empirical data for analysis. Volunteers have committed much time and effort into performing the work of volunteer police officers. Mediating the boundaries between the police and the public, these volunteers translate community policing into practice in complicated ways that have not been adequately documented. -
Supplement to the London Gazette, 9 June, 1955 3295
SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, 9 JUNE, 1955 3295 Abdul HAMTD bin Sulong, Sub-Inspector, James Myles OSWALD, Superintendent, Kenya Singapore Police Force. Police Force. Samuel Benjamin HULL, Station Sergeant, Robert Lawrence Ako OTCHERE, Inspector, Leeward Islands Police Force. Gold Coast Police Force. Ignatius IKENWEWI, Sergeant Major, Nigeria Haji PAWANCHEE bin Mohamed Yusoff, Police Force. Inspector, Federation of Malaya Police George William JACKSON, Acting Senior Assis- Force. tant Commissioner, Singapore Police Force. Thomas PETERS, Chief Inspector, Sierra Leone JOHARI bin Abdul Shukor, Sub-Inspector, Police Force. Federation of Malaya Police Force. Kesava Subramonya PILLAI, Chief Inspector, Philip Nzuke Jacob KALOKI, Inspector, Kenya Kenya Police Force. Police Force. John Vincent PRENDERGAST, Senior Superin- Reginald LAITY, Honorary Inspector, Auxiliary tendent, Kenya Police Force. Police, Federation of Malaya. Panes PRODROMITIS, Chief Inspector, Cyprus LAM Hon, Detective Staff Sergeant, Hong Kong Police Force. Police Force. Chinaya Naidoo PURSEERAMEN, Sub-Inspector, Alfred Gordon LANGDON, Assistant Commis- Mauritius Police Force. sioner, Jamaica Constabulary. Abdul RAHMAN bin Dalbasah, Acting Assistant LIM Choon Seng, Sub-Inspector, Singapore Superintendent, Singapore Police Force. Police Force. Appudhurai Thurai RAJAH, Deputy Superin- Ronald George LOCK, Superintendent, Nigeria tendent, Singapore Police Force. Police Force. Frank Thomas READER, Deputy Superinten- William Alfred LUSCOMBE, Deputy Superin- dent, Uganda Police Force. tendent, Federation of Malaya Police Force. Matendechero RINYULU, Assistant Inspector, David Robert Andrew McCoRKELL, M.C., Kenya Police Force. Acting Superintendent, Federation of Malaya William SEGRUE, Acting Assistant Com- Police Force. missioner, Hong Kong Police Force. John Malcolm McNeil MACLEAN, Assistant SHABANI son of Msaweka, Detective Sergeant Commissioner, Singapore Police Force. Major, Tanganyika Police Force. -
The 2016 Public Safety Summit: Building Capacity and Legitimacy the 2016 Public Safety Summit: Building Capacity and Legitimacy
The 2016 Public Safety Summit: Building Capacity and Legitimacy The 2016 Public Safety Summit: Building Capacity and Legitimacy Today’s public safety leaders often feel squeezed in a vise. On one side pressure is ramping up to respond to ever- more-complex crime and public safety threats such as natural disasters, violent extremism, and cybercrime. On the other side are pressing demands for citizen engagement, stakeholder collaboration, and community outreach. Policing leaders can feel torn: Should they focus on fighting crime efficiently? Or should they focus on growing public trust? Forward-thinking public safety leaders realize that to build legitimacy the answer is “yes” – to improving both crime prevention and public trust. Yet to accomplish both objectives, public safety leaders need to pursue innovations that increase organizational capacity. In a world of limited resources, finding the right mix of innovations will require grappling with tough questions. To help public safety leaders move forward on this challenge, Leadership for a Networked World and the Technology and Entrepreneurship Center at Harvard, in collaboration with Accenture, convened senior-most leaders for The 2016 Public Safety Summit: Building Capacity and Legitimacy. Held at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, from April 29 – May 1, 2016, the Summit provided an unparalleled opportunity to learn from and work with policing and public safety peers, Harvard faculty and researchers, and select industry experts. Summit attendees dissected case studies and participated in peer-to-peer problem-solving and plenary sessions in an effort to learn and work together on four key leadership strategies: Convened by In collaboration with 2 The 2016 Public Safety Summit • Innovative approaches and operating models to reduce operational costs and complexity while increasing agility in policing structures, systems, and people. -
Law Enforcement Leadership for a Changing World
REPORT .93 Law Enforcement Leadership for a Changing World Michael Outram Australian Federal Police Australia Rainer Brenner Bundespolizei Germany Dougal McClelland National Crime Agency UK Anders Dorph Danish National Police Denmark “Developing leaders for the future is vital; crime is no longer constrained by borders and we’re seeing the death of distance; police are being held to higher levels of accountability for outcomes and performance; and the environment we live in is evolving more quickly than ever.” Pearls in Policing member Ng Joo He, 2012. Introduction - Pearls in Policing Inspired by the international Bilderberg concept, since 2007 Pearls in Policing has brought an international group of top law enforcement executives together to discuss the key strategic issues facing their profession, in an environment that is conducive to focussing on the future (Pearls in Policing, 2012). The debate and insights that emerge from Pearls in Policing both inform and are informed by the work of an action learning group, which is one of five components of the Pearls in Policing model: Journal of Futures Studies, June 2014, 18(4): 93-106 Journal of Futures Studies 1. An annual conference 2. The International Action Learning Group (IALG), known as the ‘Pearl Fishers’ 3. An academic forum 4. Work groups 5. Peer-to-peer consultations The annual conference is held each June. In 2013 the conference was held in Amsterdam, where the 7th IALG presented their research findings which built on the research of previous IALG’s; in 2011 the chosen theme was Charting the Course of Change, which examined how social media, new technology and the formation of strategic alliances influence change in policing; in 2012 the chosen theme was Policing for a Safer World, which examined professionalism, collective approaches to cybercrime, and achieving a discipline of learning across organisations. -
ANNUAL CRIME BRIEF 2020 Singapore Remains One of the Safest Cities in the World
POLICE NEWS RELEASE _________________________________________________________________ ANNUAL CRIME BRIEF 2020 Singapore Remains One of the Safest Cities in the World Overall Crime Rate increased due to rise in scam cases Singapore remains one of the safest cities in the world. Singapore was ranked first in the Gallup’s 2020 Global Law and Order report for the seventh consecutive year, with 97% of residents reporting that they felt safe walking home alone in their neighbourhood at night, as compared to an average of 69% worldwide.1 The World Justice Project’s Rule of Law Index 2020 also ranked Singapore first for order and security.2 2. In 2020, the total number of reported crimes increased by 6.5% to 37,409 cases, from 35,115 cases in 2019. The Overall Crime Rate also increased, with 658 cases per 100,000 population in 2020, compared to 616 cases per 100,000 population in 2019.3 3. The increase in the number of reported crimes was due to a rise in scam cases. In particular, online scams saw a significant increase as Singaporeans carried out more online transactions due to the COVID-19 situation. 4 Please see Annex A for the statistics on the top ten scam types. 4. If scam cases were excluded, the total number of reported crimes in 2020 would have decreased by 15.3% to 21,653 from 25,570 in 2019. Decrease in physical crimes and more crime-free days 5. There was a decrease in physical crimes in 2020. 201 days were free from three confrontational crimes, namely snatch theft, robbery and housebreaking, an increase of 23 days compared to 178 days in 2019. -
Examining the Urban Dimension of the Security Sector
Examining the Urban Dimension of the Security Sector Research Report Project Title: Providing Security in Urban Environments: The Role of Security Sector Governance and Reform Project supported by the Folke Bernadotte Academy (FBA) and the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) February 2018 Authors (in alphabetical order): Andrea Florence de Mello Aguiar, Lea Ellmanns, Ulrike Franke, Praveen Gunaseelan, Gustav Meibauer, Carmen Müller, Albrecht Schnabel, Usha Trepp, Raphaël Zaffran, Raphael Zumsteg 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents Authors Acknowledgements List of Abbreviations 1 Introduction: The New Urban Security Disorder 1.1 Puzzle and research problem 1.2 Purpose and research objectives 1.3 Research questions 1.4 Research hypotheses 1.5 Methodology 1.6 Outline of the project report 2 Studying the Security Sector in Urban Environments 2.1 Defining the urban context 2.2 Urbanisation trends 2.3 Urban security challenges 2.4 Security provision in urban contexts 2.5 The ‘generic’ urban security sector 2.6 Defining SSG and SSR: from national to urban contexts 3 The Urban SSG/R Context: Urban Threats and Urban Security Institutions 3.1 The urban SSG/R context: a microcosm of national SSG/R contexts 3.2 The urban environment: priority research themes and identified gaps 3.3 Excursus: The emergence of a European crime prevention policy 3.4 Threats prevalent and/or unique to the urban context – and institutions involved in threat mitigation 3.5 The urban security sector: key security, management and oversight institutions -
Criminal Background Check Procedures
Shaping the future of international education New Edition Criminal Background Check Procedures CIS in collaboration with other agencies has formed an International Task Force on Child Protection chaired by CIS Executive Director, Jane Larsson, in order to apply our collective resources, expertise, and partnerships to help international school communities address child protection challenges. Member Organisations of the Task Force: • Council of International Schools • Council of British International Schools • Academy of International School Heads • U.S. Department of State, Office of Overseas Schools • Association for the Advancement of International Education • International Schools Services • ECIS CIS is the leader in requiring police background check documentation for Educator and Leadership Candidates as part of the overall effort to ensure effective screening. Please obtain a current police background check from your current country of employment/residence as well as appropriate documentation from any previous country/countries in which you have worked. It is ultimately a school’s responsibility to ensure that they have appropriate police background documentation for their Educators and CIS is committed to supporting them in this endeavour. It is important to demonstrate a willingness and effort to meet the requirement and obtain all of the paperwork that is realistically possible. This document is the result of extensive research into governmental, law enforcement and embassy websites. We have tried to ensure where possible that the information has been obtained from official channels and to provide links to these sources. CIS requests your help in maintaining an accurate and useful resource; if you find any information to be incorrect or out of date, please contact us at: [email protected]. -
Seventh United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems, Table Comments by Country
UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES Office on Drugs and Crime Division for Policy Analysis and Public Affairs Seventh United Nations Survey of Crime Trends and Operations of Criminal Justice Systems, covering the period 1998 - 2000 Comments by Table 1. Police personnel, by sex, and financial resources Alternative reference date to 31 December POLICE 1. Police personnel, by sex, and financial resources Alternative reference date to 31 December England & Wales 30 September Japan 1 April 2. Crimes recorded in criminal (police) statistics, by type of crime including attempts to commit crimes What is (are) the source(s) of the data provided in this table? Australia Recorded Crime Statistics 2000 (cat: 4510.0) Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Azerbaijan Reports on crimes Barbados Royal Barbados Police Force, Research and Development Department Bulgaria Ministry of Interior - Regular Report Canada Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Report and Homicide Survey, Statistics Canada. Chile S.I.E.C (Sistema Integrado Estadistico de Carabineros) Colombia Policia Nacional, Direccion Central de Policia Judicial, Centro de Investigaciones Criminologicas Côte d'Ivoire Direction Centrale de la police Judiciaire Czech Republic Recording and Statistical System of Crime maintained by the Police of the Czech Republic Denmark Statistics of reported crimes, National Commissioner of Police, Department E. Dominica Criminal Records Office Friday, March 19, 2004 Page 1 of 22 2. Crimes recorded in criminal (police) statistics, by type of crime includi What is (are) the source(s) of the data provided in this table? England & Wales Recorded crime database Finland Statistics Finland: Yearbook of Justice Statistics (SVT) Georgia Ministry of Internal Affairs of Georgia. -
World Factbook of Criminal Justice Systems
WORLD FACTBOOK OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEMS SINGAPORE Mahesh Nalla Michigan State University This country report is one of many prepared for the World Factbook of Criminal Justice Systems under Bureau of Justice Statistics grant No. 90-BJ-CX-0002 to the State University of New York at Albany. The project director was Graeme R. Newman, but responsibility for the accuracy of the information contained in each report is that of the individual author. The contents of these reports do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Bureau of Justice Statistics or the U. S. Department of Justice. GENERAL OVERVIEW I. Political system. Singapore is a city/nation with a population of 2.6 million. 77% of its population are Chinese, 15%, Malays, and 6%, Indian. The four official languages of Singapore are English, Mandarin Chinese, Malay, and Tamil. (Vreeland, et.al., 1977). The Republic of Singapore is a parliamentary government patterned after the English Westminster model. The constitution provides the structure and organization of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the government. (Vreeland, et.al., 1977). 2. Legal system The legal system in Singapore is adversarial in nature. English common law was superimposed on the existing Malay customary law and Muslim law. Consequently, the legal system in Singapore can be characterized as pluralistic. While the dominant common law which shaped the Singapore legal system applies to all segments of the population, Muslim law governs the Muslim community in religious and matrimonial matters. Muslim law is administered in accordance with the Administration of Muslim Law Act, Cap.42. -
MID-YEAR CRIME STATISTICS 2021 Overall Crime Situation for January to June 2021
POLICE NEWS RELEASE _________________________________________________________________ MID-YEAR CRIME STATISTICS 2021 Overall Crime Situation for January to June 2021 Overall crime increased, largely due to a rise in scam cases In the first half of 2021, the total number of reported crimes increased by 11.2% to 19,444 cases, from 17,492 cases in the same period in 2020. 2. This increase was largely due to a rise in scam cases, which rose by 16.0% to 8,403 cases in 2021, from 7,247 cases in the same period last year. In contrast, there was a 108.8% increase in scam cases in 2020, when scam cases jumped from 3,470 cases in the first half of 2019 to 7,247 cases in the same period in 2020; 27.1% increase in 2019; and 19.5% increase in 2018.The rate of increase this year has been reduced noticeably. 3. Excluding scams, the total number of reported crimes in the first half of the year rose by 7.8% to 11,041 in 2021, from 10,245 in the same period in 2020. This increase was partly due to a lower number of crimes, excluding scams, reported during the Circuit Breaker in 2020, when many activities were restricted. For the same period in 2019, there were 12,770 reported cases of crimes excluding scams. 4. Despite this effect of the Circuit Breaker, there was still a decrease of more than 400 cases reported in two broad crime classes – housebreaking and related crimes, and theft and related crimes – in the first half of 2021 compared with the same period in 2020. -
Thesis Library Resource
The Heartbeat of the Community: Becoming a Police Chaplain Reverend Doctor Melissa Baker Bachelor of Ministry (Morling) Diploma of Theology (Morling) Master of Education (Adult) (UTS) 2009 Doctor of Education University of Technology, Sydney Certificate of Authorship/Originality I certify that the work in this thesis has not previously been submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research work and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. Signature of Candidate ii Acknowledgements I would like to express my sincere thanks to those who have brought me through the academic process over the years of completing my Doctor of Education at the University of Technology, Sydney (2004-2009). Thank you Professor Alison Lee for having the confidence in me to complete this higher degree, building in me the writing tools necessary and inspiring me to critically analyse professional practice. I am deeply indebted to my Principal Supervisor, Dr Shirley Saunders. Without her insight, editorial acuity and overall guidance, this thesis would not be what it is. I also appreciate the encouragement and feedback of my Co- Supervisor, Dr Tony Holland, and for putting forth the idea to work with this project that has shaped the course of my future. Special thanks go to the Senior Chaplains Conference and NSW Police Force for approving the research and for the participants that have been part of the study in New South Wales, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.