DOCSLIB.ORG

ECONOMIC IMPACT of DENGUE in TOURISM in BRAZIL Alvaro Mitsunori Nishikawa1, Otávio Clark1, Victoria Genovez2, Amanda Pinho2, Laure Durand3

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ECONOMIC IMPACT of DENGUE in TOURISM in BRAZIL Alvaro Mitsunori Nishikawa1, Otávio Clark1, Victoria Genovez2, Amanda Pinho2, Laure Durand3 ECONOMIC IMPACT OF DENGUE IN TOURISM IN BRAZIL Alvaro Mitsunori Nishikawa1, Otávio Clark1, Victoria Genovez2, Amanda Pinho2, Laure Durand3 1Kantar Health _ Evidências, São Paulo, Brazil; 2Sanofi Pasteur, São Paulo, Brazil;3 Sanofi Pasteur, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico PIN29 2013 was considered the base year, since i) a dengue outbreak have occurred in the country, ii) there are data on tourism and epidemiology of the disease, iii) any unusual international events occurred this year. Introduction Methodology Dengue is an endemic disease that is rapidly growing worldwide. A recent study estimates 2013 was considered the base year, since i) a dengue outbreak have occurred in the that 390 million annual infections occur around the world. country, ii) there are data on tourism and epidemiology of the disease, iii) any unusual Dengue has become one of the major diseases affecting the Brazilian public health.1 international events occurred this year. The rising incidence of the disease and its unpredictable outbreaks result in a significant economic impact in the health system and society. 18 Literature review: Published articles, grey and non-scientific In Brazil, tourism revenue is an important part of the GDP, and the Ministry of Health has Step 1 already recognized the importance of dengue on tourism revenues.2 literature focusing on the impact of dengue on tourism. Estimation on tourism: Number of international tourists arrivals Step 2 and national tourists transits; Expenditure from national and international tourists in Brazil. Calculation: The most conservative impact of dengue on tourism, Step 3 from literature review, was applied to the Brazilian tourism for the Objective most epidemic months (Jan-May).17 Sensitivity Analysis: Deterministic sensitivity analysis on the Step 4 To estimate the economic impact of a dengue outbreak (incidence ≥300 dengue cases most uncertain parameters. /100,000 hab.) on national and international tourism revenues in Brazil. Results Step 1: Literature Review Step 2: Tourism Estimation The review was extended to international literature due Tourism data was obtained from official data provided by Ministry of Tourism.3, 4 In 2013, there were 5,813,342 to the lack of detailed analysis published on the impact international tourists and 94,649,146 national tourists in Brazil.3 On average, US$ 863,73*3 are spent per of dengue in tourism for Brazil. international tourist and US$ 1.236,71*4 are spent per national tourists. Most publications estimate the economic impact on Due to the lack of information for the national scenario, the following assumptions were required: tourism (non–observational) 5,6,10,15,16 considering the National tourist performs at least two landings during his travel. impact of Chikungunya outbreak in French Reunion 3% of domestic travels are done by international tourists. This percentage is based on the number of international Island and Mauritius in 2005(observational) 5,6 tourist in Brazil3 divided by the Brazilian population in 2013. Tourists profile published by Minister of Tourism was applied to estimate the number of passengers travelling by car.4 In Brazil, estimation was provided by authorities to the To be conservative, it was considered that only travelers for tourism are impacted by dengue, which was assumed local media during the dengue outbreak in 2008. In 2015, as 50% of national tourists. dengue outbreaks round the whole country significantly Differently of the international evaluation, for the national, just tourists moving to states reporting outbreak were impacted on the tourism in some states and cities, which considered as impacted.3,17 canceled the Carnival festival in order to prioritize the use of the resources in disease control programs.12, 13 Resulting economic Country / Outbreak impact impact of Methods Source Region on tourist (%) dengue outbreak (US$) Step 3: Calculation of Impact Observational communications Insee French b) AIR TRANSPORT 4% 40% and 17% website; a) ROAD TRANSPORT French Impact related to the (2005, 2006, 2007) NA Mavalankar, Buses Own vehicle Reúnion Chikungunya 2005 outbreak 3 5 813 342 respectively 2009; Vasan Number of travelers Number of arrivals3 88 943 789 56 571 458 not informed 2009 % Travelers for tourism (68%)3 3 970 513 Impact related to the Number arrivals per traveler Mavalankar, 44 471 895 28 285 729 not informed moderate Chikungunya % Tourists in the epidemic period (assumption: 2) Mauritius 4% NA 2009; Vasan outbreak in 2005, affecting 3,17 2009 (Jan - May: 46.7%) 1 853 599 1% of the population Discounting international 43 137 738 27 437 157 not informed Rio Grande Statement from authorities tourists travelling inside Authorities in do Norte during dengue outbreak in 30% NA (assumption 3%) Media paper Expenditure (USD2013) (Brazil) 2008 1 601 009 206 Estimation of travelers by Statement from authorities 3 Rio de Janeiro USD 13,9 Authorities in 863.73 / traveler on average) own car (34% airplane; 24% 51 483 955 during dengue outbreak in 15 - 30% Table 1. Summary of observational millionand (2008) non Mediaobser paper- bus; 42% own car)4 (Brazil) 2008 Impact of dengue outbreak Considering travelling Non-vational Observational studies communications from literature review. 64 040 368 113 044 448 (base case: 4%, USD2013) companion4 Based on chikungunya outbreak impact in French % Travelers for tourism 21 568 869 13 718 579 56 522 224 Reunion in 2005, and (assumption 50%) Mavalankar, Gujarat considering that half of the USD 8 million 2% 2009; Vasan non residents Indians are (2008) (India) 2008 % Tourists in the epidemic likely to avoid traveling due 3,17 8 537 002 3 801 837 15 664 035 to infectious disease c) period (Jan-May) outbreak Epidemic states as Based on chikungunya Mavalankar, 37% 40% 40% USD 65 17 Malaysia outbreak impact in French 4% 2009; Vasan Total economic impact of Dengue Outbreak on destination million (2008) Reunion in 2005 2009 Based on chikungunya Mavalankar, Brazilian Tourism USD 363 Tourists impacted by Thailand outbreak impact in French 4% 2009; Vasan 3 196 253 1 505 528 6 202 958 million (2008) dengue outbreak Reunion in 2005 2009 Based on chikungunya International tourism 64 040 368 Expenditure (USD2013: USD 387 4 Florida (USA) outbreak impact in French 4% O’Shea 2013 1236.71/traveler on average) 3 952 835 839 1 861 899 695 7 671 254 803 million (2008) National tourism 539 439 613 Reunion in 2005 Costa Rica Based on dengue outbreak USD 125,2 20% Costa 2004 (Caribe) in Cuba 1977 million (1994) Total 603 479 982 Total revenue, if no outbreaks (USD2013) 13 485 990 337 Table 1. Summary of observational and non observational studies from literature review. Impact of dengue outbreak 539 439 613 (base case 4%, USD2013) Therefore, for the base case of the current study, a conservative 4% reduction in the international and national tourists flow in Brazil due to a dengue outbreak Figure 1. Dengue outbreak impact on international tourism (a) and national tourism (b) and total economic was assumed. Variation of this parameter was done in impact for the base case (4% of impact) (c). the sensitivity analysis. *values were updated to 2013 using IPCA (Wide National Consumer’s Price Index ) and exchange rate when necessary– Source: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, IBGE, Exchange rate 2013 : 1USD = 2,20 BRL 2013 was considered the base year, since i) a dengue outbreak have occurred in the country, ii) there are data on tourism and epidemiology of the disease, iii) any unusual international events occurred this year. Sensitivity Analysis a) Discussion Parameters Scenario Min Base base Max Discounting Non observational studies have evaluated the revenue lost on tourism a dengue National international tourists 1% 3% 5% outbreak could represent, based on the impact reported in the findings from Only travelling inside observational data. In comparison with Brazilian results provided by this analysis, % of travelers National 40% 50% 60% the tourism revenue for Brazil would be the highest, even considering a conservative for tourism Only impact of 4%. Limitations of this study include those directly associated with the International Mar-May Jan-May Dec-Jun % Tourism in the (Air transport) (24.2%) (46.7%) (62.8%) assumptions made for national tourism. epidemic period National Mar-May Jan-May Dec-Jun (Air/Road Transport) (23.9%/14.9%) (39.6%/27.7%) (56.8%/38.9%) Avg Expenditure International 690.98 863.73 1 036.48 (+/-20%) National 989.37 1 236.71 1 484.05 Impact on Tourism Both - 4% 30% Base case Lower-Bound b) 603 479 982 Upper-Bound 4 526 099 863 650% Impact on tourism Conclusion 482 783 985 -20% 20% 724 175 978 Avg Expenditure (+/- 20%) Dengue outbreak impact on tourism, which is poorly reported in the literature, causes significant revenue losses for Brazil. Considering a conservative decrease of 4% in 333 885 407 -45% 41% 848 493 618 % Tourists in the epidemic period tourism in Brazil due to dengue outbreak, we obtained an economic impact of dengue of US$ 64 million from international tourism and US$ 0.54 billion from local tourism in 495 592 059 -18% 18% 711 367 904 % of Travelers for Tourism 2013, totaling US$ 603.5 million (2013). This economic impact could reach US$ 4.5 billion when the decrease of tourists of 30% from Rio de Janeiro (2008) is considered. 592 357 515 -2% 2% 614 602 448 Discounting international tourists travelling inside These findings can help policy-makers decide on the introduction of a dengue vaccination program in Brazil considering the recent license of the first dengue vaccine, *Lower – and Upper-bound were based on the observational data and limited by the and also considering that in addition to a public health cost burden, dengue could impact maximum of impact reported in Brazilian scenario.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Economic Impacts of Tourism in Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
    29 Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management Volume 7, Number 2, 2010, pp. 29-46 The Economic Impacts of Tourism in Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil Angela Cabral Flechaa aFederal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Brazil. João Paulo Alves Fuscob bSão Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil. Wagner Bronze Damianic cSchool of Management of São Paulo (EAESP), Getúlio Vargas Foundation (FGV), São Paulo, Brazil. Hudson Fernandes Amarald dFederal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Abstract The tourism spending like other activities has direct and secondary effects on the economy, and presents complex interaction with other activities deserving a special treatment for measuring its contribution to the global result of production and consumption. In this paper, it is used the Money Generation Model to measure the global economic impact of tourism sales in Ouro Preto, this method is not so limited by the data and it is able to produce good approximations to reality. It was not possible to adopt the WTO methodology due to data limitation. The results revealed the real importance of tourism for Ouro Preto, representing up to 10.4% of GDP in 2002, up to 21.8% of tax revenues in 2004, and approximately 11% of the region’s population in 2002 was related to tourism sales. Some actions can be outlined from these results in order to illustrate the current economic reality of the tourism in Ouro Preto. It is also possible to improve the tourist planning accomplished by the local City Hall in a coherent way with the economic results generated by the tourism.
    [Show full text]
  • Production of Economic Statistics for Tourist Accommodation Services of Belo Horizonte Under the Flexible Geography Approach
    ISSN 2357-8211 Production of economic statistics for tourist accommodation services of Belo Horizonte under the flexible geography approach Produção de estatísticas econômicas para os serviços de acomodação turístico de Belo Horizonte sob abordagem da geografia flexível Caio César Soares Gonçalves PhD student in Population, Territory and Public Statistics by the National School of Statistical Sciences (Ence) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics – IBGE, Belo Horizonte/MG, Brazil E-mail: [email protected] Article received on: 11-30-2019 Article approved on: 06-30-2020 Revista de Turismo Contemporâneo, Natal, v. 8, n. 2, p. 198-221, jul./dec. 2020. 198 Production of economic statistics for tourist accommodation services of Belo Horizonte under the flexible geography approach ABSTRACT This paper aims to produce an experimental economic statistic for the tourist accommodation services for Belo Horizonte under a flexible geography perspective. The starting point is the definition of economic activities in the tourist accommodation concept. The methodology adopted is up-down divided into four steps including filtering processes to accompany the definition, discounts related to obtaining information only for the tourists and procedures for adjustments to the statistics always being compared to the official disclosures and respecting the sum of regions. This analysis revealed an erratic behaviour of the number of establishments in Belo Horizonte across the years and half of the workforce is concentrated in micro and small enterprises. The data from the perspective of the flexible geography allowed to verify where the almost R$ 86 million indicated by the value added of the tourist accommodations were located in 2015.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Study on the Potential of Agritourism in Two Brazilian Municipalities
    Nº 68, july-december of 2017, pp. 133-149. Investigaciones Geográficas ISSN: 0213 - 4691. eISSN: 1989 - 9890. Interuniversity Institute of Geography DOI: 10.14198/INGEO2017.68.08 University of Alicante To cite this article: Pedreira, B. C. C. G. & Fidalgo, E. C. C. (2017). Comparative study on the potential of agritourism in two Brazilian municipalities. Investigaciones Geográficas, (68), 133-149. https://doi.org/10.14198/INGEO2017.68.08 Comparative study on the potential of agritourism in two Brazilian municipalities1 Estudio comparativo de la utilización del potencial agroturístico en dos municipios brasileños Bernadete da Conceição Carvalho Gomes Pedreira2 Elaine Cristina Cardoso Fidalgo3 Abstract The knowledge acquired by studying different aspects that can influence agritourism provide for adequate guidelines to carry out this rural activity, leading to greater sustainability and higher chances of success. This study was developed to identify the more important aspects that can improve or limit agritourism and, accordingly, analyse the potential and the limitations for agritourism development in two municipalities of Southeast Brazil. The municipalities are Venda Nova do Imigrante in the state of Espírito Santo, where the agritourism is successfully consolidated and Cachoeiras de Macacu in Rio de Janeiro state, where it is not very significant. This comparison was based on secondary and primary data – the latter were collected during field trips in these municipalities and by getting in touch with representatives of institutions and other local stakeholders. The results showed that the main similarities between the municipalities, which promote agritourism, are environmental, historic and cultural aspects; the presence of family farming with diversified production; and small rural industries.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism and Corruption in Brazil: a Political and Economic Perspective
    Marques R. B., Alves C. A. & Wada E. K. 1 Revista Turismo em Análise - RTA | ISSN: 1984-4867 Revista Turismo DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1984-4867.v31i1p1-18 RTAem Análise Articles and essays Tourism and corruption in Brazil: a political and economic perspective Roseane Barcellos Marquesa Carlos Alberto Alvesb Elizabeth Kyoko Wadac Abstract Tourism and corruption in Brazil: a political and economic perspective The development of tourism in Brazil is a historic challenge for public and private institutions. The country boasts cultural, social, and natural attractions that support its insertion in the world tourism route, but the limitations, peculiar to a country with its degree of economic development, impose a trade-off between the tourism sector and other economic sectors. The period between 2002 and 2017 covers the decision making and hosting of the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Olympics Games. In 2016, the the football matches. The events corroborated the stop-and-go perspective of the Braziliancity of Rio tourism de Janeiro development hosted the and Olympic stimulated Games this with study. five otherThis study cities, shows which thewelcomed impact of corruption on the development of mega-events, as well as the economic and tourist results of the period. It consists of an exploratory approach, with a review of the literature and national media publications, while considering practices of corruption disclosed by the newspapers in digital format and public access, concerning the operationalization of the 2014 FIFA World Cup, as well as the 2016 Olympic Games. The dilemmas arose from allegations of corruption among public, private, and public-private organizations, the conviction of those involved.
    [Show full text]
  • Rural Tourism As an Alternative to Rural Development in the State of Para, Brazil
    Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 4-2008 Rural Tourism as an Alternative to Rural Development in the State of Para, Brazil Ana Christina Sawada Cutrim Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the Geography Commons Recommended Citation Sawada Cutrim, Ana Christina, "Rural Tourism as an Alternative to Rural Development in the State of Para, Brazil" (2008). Master's Theses. 3970. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/3970 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RURAL TOURISM AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE STATE OF PARA, BRAZIL by Ana Cristina Sawada Cutrim A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements forthe Degree of Master of Arts Departmentof Geography WesternMichigan University Kalamazoo, Michigan April 2008 Copyright by Ana Cristina Sawada Cutrim 2008 AKNOWLEDGEMENTS I especially would like to thank my advisor, Dr. David Lemberg, for his guidance during my research study at WesternMichigan University. He was always accessible and willing to help, not only me, but all students with their studies. As a result, research life became efficientand agreeable forme. Dr. Li Yang and Dr. James B. Lewis deserve special thanks as my thesis committee members and advisors. I would like to thank the facultymembers of Geography Department forthe support I have received, in particular, my appreciation to the chair of this department, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism Analysis and Perspectives in Brazil
    Papers Tourism analysis and perspectives in Brazil Análise e perspectivas do turismo no Brasil Análisis y perspectivas del turismo en Brasil Wilson Abrahão Rabahy1 1 University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brasil. Keywords: Abstract Tourism economics; This paper provides a summary of tourism activity in Brazil, presenting and analyzing statis- Tourism in Brazil; tics from an economic perspective. To this end, data are collected from the main official Inbound tourism; sources available, as well as from tourism surveys conducted by the Institute of Economic Domestic tourism; Research Foundation (FIPE). The first section presents an analysis of the global tourism mar- Tourist demand; ket. Next, the paper discusses Brazil's inbound tourism, including the effects of income, Tourism balance of payments. prices, and exchange rate. Three analyzes of tourism in Brazil are highlighted: the importance of domestic tourism, the opportunities of inbound tourism, and the impacts of tourism on regional income distribution. Finally, the paper presents some recommendations for tourism in Brazil. Resumo Palavras-chave: Este texto traz uma síntese da atividade turística no Brasil, apresentando e analisando es- Economia do turismo; tatísticas sob a perspectiva econômica. Para tanto, são reunidos dados das principais fontes Turismo no Brasil; oficiais disponíveis, bem como informações sobre o turismo produzidas pela Fundação Ins- Turismo receptivo internacional; tituto de Pesquisas Econômicas (FIPE). Inicialmente são apresentadas análises sobre o mer- Turismo doméstico; cado mundial de turismo. Em seguida, é discutida a realidade do turismo internacional re- Demanda turística; ceptivo do Brasil, incluindo relações entre renda, preços, taxa de câmbio e turismo. Três Balança de pagamentos do turismo.
    [Show full text]
  • Sex Work and Exclusion in the Tourist Districts of Salvador, Brazil Erica L
    This article was downloaded by: [Erica Williams] On: 07 June 2013, At: 10:00 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/cgpc20 Sex work and exclusion in the tourist districts of Salvador, Brazil Erica L. Williams a a Spelman College – Sociology and Anthropology , 350 Spelman Lane, SW Box 1702, Atlanta , GA , 30314 , USA Published online: 07 May 2013. To cite this article: Erica L. Williams (2013): Sex work and exclusion in the tourist districts of Salvador, Brazil, Gender, Place & Culture: A Journal of Feminist Geography, DOI:10.1080/0966369X.2013.786685 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0966369X.2013.786685 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and- conditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
    [Show full text]
  • Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China & Mexico (“BRICM”)
    2 Acknowledgements and Contact Information This report was authored by Henrietta de Veer and edited by Christina Heyniger; it is produced solely by the Xola Consulting, Inc. team and is not sponsored by individual adventure industry companies nor by the national governments or tourism boards of the countries discussed in this report. All photos are by Christina Heyniger unless otherwise stated. Xola Consulting, Inc. (xolaconsulting.com) is a consulting and research services firm assisting tour operators, tourism boards and non-profit organizations with sustainable adventure tourism destination and product development, marketing and research. Xola launched Off the Radar (travelofftheradar.com) in 2005 to provide travelers with information about the best entrepreneurial adventure operators around the world – those who provide guests with a genuine, personal experience; who believe in sustainable, environmentally sensitive travel; and who believe in incorporating the local people and traditions of the places where they operate. Xola Consulting, Inc. Sante Fe, New Mexico Xolaconsulting.com Christina Heyniger President (202) 297-2206 [email protected] 3 Table of Contents Climate Change, Water Scarcity, Sustainability and Adventure Travel in Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China & Mexico (“BRICM”) .......................................................................... 4 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 4 The BRIC/BRICM
    [Show full text]
  • Ecotourism in Brazil: Geographical Perspectives of Development in Protected Areas
    Sustainable Tourism IV 295 Ecotourism in Brazil: geographical perspectives of development in protected areas N. M. Castilho da Costa & V. Castilho da Costa Departamento de Geografia Física, Instituto de Geografia (IGEOG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Abstract Ecotourism is a kind of tourism that is growing worldwide; mainly in countries like Brazil whose territory still presents a significant parcel covered by tropical forests and associated ecosystems. However, its planning and execution are not yet done on a sustained basis concerning environmental preservation and social insertion. This investigation aims to show, in a synthetically manner, how nature tourism, mainly ecotourism, is done in Brazilian protected areas and how geographic science contributes to its success to produce minimum environmental impact. Keywords: ecotourism, protected areas, geomorphology. 1 Introduction Technological and organizational progress from the Industrial Revolution contributed to increased productivity, a reduction in costs and workmen hours, and enlarged resources level available to consumption (including time) on society layers. In the 20th century, leisure and tourism appeared as mass activities, bringing many business opportunities and consequently economic interest. The World Tourism Organization (WTO [10]) deals with tourism as a kind of personal displacement using any means of transportation, involving at least an overnight stay in a destination. There are many reasons for displacements, and consequently almost all kind of trips are considered potentially good for tourism, despite of its intrinsic motive which produces several kinds of tourism. Actually, when people go on a trip to other cities out of their residence, they can do any kind of leisure or recreational activity in the concept of tourism.
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism and Sustainability in Brazil
    SO M O Tourism and sustainability in Brazil The tourism value chain in Porto de Galinhas, Northeast Brazil October 2006 Bart Slob & Joseph Wilde This report examines the tourism industry in Brazil. Using the case study of Porto de Galinhas, a small village in Brazil’s Northeast, the authors analyse sustainability issues in the tourism industry and map the value chain of tourism to Brazil. Porto de Galinhas has 7,000 permanent residents, but during weekends and holidays, the village’s population triples. Porto de Galinhas has experienced a boom in tourism over the past five years, and the village is struggling to harness the benefits of this growth without losing its socio-cultural identity or compromising the local environment. Many local entrepreneurs and workers acknowledge that tourism is key to the development of the region, and they want to ensure the sustainability of the industry, both in terms of retaining as much value as possible in the region and guaranteeing the native population’s future prosperity and wellbeing. The case of Porto de Galinhas is in many ways illustrative of the challenges faced by small and mid-size communities in Brazil as an effect of the rapid growth of tourism. This is why SOMO, the Netherlands Committee for IUCN and the Rio de Janeiro-based research organisation CICLO decided to conduct research on the value chain of tourism in Porto de Galinhas. Value chain analysis and research on the sustainability of the Brazilian tourism industry are the cornerstones of this SOMO report. The authors give recommendations on how companies, local entrepreneurs, governments and tourists can act to ensure that tourism contributes to the sustainable development of local communities in Brazil and elsewhere in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Culture and Tourism: Perspectives of Foreigners on the Brazilian Carnival
    Sustainable Tourism IV 423 Culture and tourism: perspectives of foreigners on the Brazilian carnival A. F. Porto Department of Tourism, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Brazil Abstract The objective of this work is to try and gain a better understanding about the motives that lead a tourist to visit Brazil, and also to gauge the final perception of the tourist about their visit. The question “why do people travel to Brazil” is complex, involving cultural and psychological aspects (such as the attraction for the Latin culture or for the tropical heat), transport, availability of tourist facilities, distance, motivation and economic considerations. All of this we call the “tourist experience”. There is also the fact to be considered that the revisit rate, by tourists to Brazil, is high. In 2006, 64% of the tourists interviewed by Embratur had already visited the country at least once. This shows a high fidelity for the quality of the Brazilian reception. What is the reason for this fidelity, how does it happen, and what is the final image the foreign tourist has about Brazil; these are the foci of the research in question. One of the major reasons for the image of Brazil in the outside world, as well as being the period with the most visits by foreign tourists, the Carnival is by definition a focus of the research. Keywords: tourism, carnival, image, Brazil, Ouro Preto, Recife, Olinda, Rio de Janeiro, perspectives, foreigners. 1 Introduction The objective of this work is gain a better understanding of the motivations that leads a tourist to visit Brazil, and also what is the final perception of tourists when their visit is over.
    [Show full text]
  • How to Cite Complete Issue More Information About This Article
    Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo ISSN: 1982-6125 Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Turismo Tasso, João Paulo Faria; Moesch, Marutschka Martini; Nóbrega, Wilker Ricardo de Mendonça Reincorporação da Ética às Políticas Públicas de Turismo: uma necessária reflexão no combate às consequências do Covid-19 Revista Brasileira de Pesquisa em Turismo, vol. 15, no. 1, 2141, 2021 Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Turismo DOI: 10.7784/rbtur.v15i1.2141 Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=504166358005 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Special call: Tourism and Covid-19 Reintroduction of Ethics in Public Tourism Policies: a necessary reflection in addressing the consequences of Covid-19. Reincorporação da Ética às Políticas Públicas de Turismo: uma necessária reflexão no combate às consequências do Covid-19.. Reincorporación de la ética en las políticas públicas de turismo: una reflexión necesaria para combatir las consecuencias de Covid-19. João Paulo Faria Tasso1; Marutschka Martini Moesch1; Wilker Ricardo de Mendonça Nóbrega2 1University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Federal District, Brazil. 2Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil. Keywords: Abstract Ethics; From a global perspective, the tourist phenomenon has been characterized by an economic Public Policies; rationality that strengthens the dissociation between “public policies” and “ethics”, by abdi- Covid-19; cating purposes aimed at the common good. It reproduces the finalistic logic of growth in Common Good; the excessive flow of tourists and the expansion of consumption, without responsible and Sustainable Tourism.
    [Show full text]