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331 T10 27 07 2015.Pdf Hoehnea 33( 1): 123-126, 4 fig., 2006 Criptogamos do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, Sao Paulo, SP. Pteridophyta: 12. Lophosoriaceae Jefferson Prado1 Recebido: 20.09.2005; aceito: 07.02.2006 ABSTRACT - (Cryptogams of "Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga", Sao Paulo, SP. Pteridophyta: 12. Lophosoriaceae). The monotipic family Lophosoriaceae is represented in the area ofthe Park by Lophosoria quadripinnata (IF. Gme!.) C. Chr. var. quadripinnata. It is a tree fern ofnatural occurrence in the area ofthe PEFI. This variety has a wide distribution in the Neotropic. In this paper are presented descriptions, comments, and illustrations to the studied taxa. Key words: Atlantic forest, floristic survey, Lophosoria, tree ferns RESUMO - (Criptogamos do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, Sao Paulo, SP. Pteridophyta: 12. Lophosoriaceae). A familia monotipica Lophosoriaceae esta representada na area do Parque por Lophosoria quadripinnata (IF. Gme!.) C.Chr. var. quadripinnata. Trata-se de uma pteridofita arborea, de ocorrencia nativa na area do PEFI. Esta variedade possui uma ampla distribuiyao no Neotropico. Neste trabalho sao apresentados descriyao, comentarios e ilustrayoes do taxon estudado. Palavras-chave: Floresta Atlantica, levantamento floristico, Lophosoria, samambaias arboreas IntrodUfyao o numero que antecede 0 nome da familia corresponde anumerayao das familias apresentadas o presente trabalho e 0 resultado de mais uma em Prado (2004). parte do levantamento tloristico das pterid6fitas do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), que Resultados e Discussao ja vern sendo desenvolvido ha varios anos, Lophosoriaceae principalmente pelos pesquisadores do Instituto de Botanica. Plantas terrestres. Caule com uma poryao No primeiro trabalho realizado por Hoehne horizontal subterranea dorsiventral e outra ereta, com et al. (1941), para a area do Parque e que envolveu muitas raizes adventicias e base dos peciolos as pterid6fitas, a familia Lophosoriaceae nao foi persistentes, com indumento de tricomas. Frondes citada. cespitosas, monomorfas; peciolo continuo com 0 caule, o objetivo principal do presente trabalho foi com muitos feixes vasculares na base, sem espinhos; complementar 0 levantamento f1oristico das lamina 2-3-pinado-pinatifida a pinatissecta, pubescente, pterid6fitas do PEFI iniciado por Hoehne et al. (1941). coriacea; venayao aberta. Soros em posiyao mediana; indusio ausente, com parafises; esporangios globosos, Material e metodos pedicelo com 6 fileiras de celulas, anulo obliquo; esporos triletes, tetraedrico-globosos, com uma flange o material deste trabalho foi coletado de acordo equatorial bern definida, sem c1orofila. com as tecnicas descritas em Fidalgo & Bononi (1984) uma familia que possui urn unico genero e encontra-se depositado no Herbario SP, do Instituto E (Lophosoria) exclusivamente neotropical (Tryon & de Botanica. Os dados sobre a caracterizayao e localizayao Tryon 1982). do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEF!), Lophosoria C. Presl bern como 0 planejamento desta flora, foram apresentados em Melhem et al. (1981) e Milanez Caule com a poryao ereta variando de 10-30 cm et al. (1990). compr., com muitas raizes adventicias e base dos I. Instituto de Botanica, Caixa Postal 4005, 01061-970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil. [email protected] 124 Hoehnea 33( I), 2006 peciolos persistentes, com indumento de tricomas, sinus agudos, margens inteiras e revolutas; venayao multicelulares, amarelos a castanho-claros. Frondes aberta, nervuras simples ou furcadas. Parafises iguais monomorfas; peciolo piloso na base e glabro ou menores do que os esporangios, filiformes, distalmente; lamina 2-3-pinado-pinatifida a castanho-claras. pinatissecta, pubescente, coriacea; venayao aberta. Material examinado: 26-III-2004, J. Prado et at. 1564 Soros, urn em cada segmento sobre a posiyao mediana (SP). da nervura, globosos; sem indusio, com parafises abundantes; esporangios com anulo obliquo, Material adicional examinado: BRASIL. SAo PAULO: circundando toda a capsula. Santo Andre, Reserva Biol6gica do Alto da Serra de De acordo com Mickel & Smith (2004), Paranapiacaba, 7-XI-1995, J. Prado & PH. Labiak Lophosoria e urn genero com tres especies e dados 744 (SP). moleculares recentes (Wolf et at. 1999 apud Mickel Distribuiyao geografica: Mexico, Mesoa­ & Smith 2004) demonstram que e urn grupo muito merica, Grandes Antilhas, Trinidad, Colombia, relacionado ao genero Dicksonia. Venezuela, Equador, Peru, Bolivia, Argentina, Chile No presente trabalho seguiu-se 0 conceito de e Brasil. No Brasil, ocorre apenas nas regi5es Tryon & Tryon (1982) para este genero, que considera Sudeste e Sui, nos estados de Minas Gerais, Rio de a existencia de uma especie com duas variedades. Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina e Rio Na area do PEFI ocorre uma unica variedade que e Grande do SuI. descrita a seguir. Esta variedade pode ser facilmente reconhecida pelo habito cespitoso, com frondes grandes Lophosoria quadripinnata (J.F. Gmel.) C. Chr. var. (ca. 2,5 m compr.), peciolo na base com muitos quadripinnata, in Skottsb., Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez tricomas variando de amarelos, castanho-claros a 2: 16. 1920. Potypodium quadripinnatum J.F. Gmel., castanho-escuros, lamina subcoriacea, 3-pinado­ Syst. Nat. 2(2): 1314. 1791. pinatifida a pinatissecta (4-pinada na base), Figuras 1-4 fortemente glauca na face abaxial e soros em posiyao Caule com a poryao ereta variando de 10-20 cm mediana nos segmentos, sem indusio e com parafises compr., com muitas raizes adventicias e base dos castanho-claras. peciolos persistentes, com indumento de tricomas, o material coletado no PEFI (Prado et at. 1564) multicelulares, amarelos a castanho-escuros, 3-10 mm e uma fronde esteril. A parte da descriyao referente compr. Frondes monomorfas, 50 em a 2,5 m compr.; as parafises foi baseada no material adicional peciolo 50 cm aIm compr., pubescente na base a examinado. esparsamente piloso ou glabro distalmente, tricomas No Brasil, e urn taxon que ocorre acima dos 600 iguais aos do caule, sem espinhos; lamina 2-3-pinado­ metros de altitude, chegando ate ca. de 2.000 m. Na pinatifida a pinatissecta (4-pinada na base), area do PEFI cresce geralmente no interior e margem subdelt6ide, pubescente abaxialmente, tricomas iguais de matas, em locais sombreados. aos do caule e peciolo, tricomas com 1-2 mm compr., Segundo Tryon & Tryon (1982), Tryon & Stolze fortemente glauca, adaxialmente com tricomas (1989) e Riba (1995) e uma especie que possui duas somente sobre as nervuras e eixos, verde, subcoriacea; variedades e a variedade Lophosoria quadripinnata pinas alternas; pinas proximais 2-3-pinado-pinatifidas var. contracta (Hieron.) R.M. Tryon & A.F. Tryon, a pinatissectas, subsseseis a pecioladas, peci61ulo que nao ocorre no PEFI, difere por possuir frondes 1-5,5 cm compr., 50-60 x 10-12 cm; raque sulcada no menores (0,25-1 m compr.) e pinas imbricadas e lado adaxial e com pouquissimos tricomas esparsos ascendentes. Alem disso, esta ultima ocorre apenas abaxialmente, tricomas diminutos ca. 1 mm compr.; em altas altitudes (2.800-3.500 m) nos Andes do Peru pinas medianas 2-pinado-pinatifidas a pinatissectas, e Equador. pecioluladas, obliquas em relayao a raque, 25-30 x Apesar de nao possuir caule (caudice) muito 10-12 cm; pinas distais sesseis a adnadas, pinatifidas desenvolvido, e tradicionalmente considerado urn taxon a pinatissectas, reduzidas e obliquas em relayao a que pertence ao grupo das samambaias arb6reas por raque, 1-2,5 x 0,5-1 cm; pinulas pinatifidas a possuir 0 anulo do esporangio obliquo, nao interrompido pinatissectas, 1,5-12 x 0,5-2 cm, apice agudo e base pelo pedicelo do mesmo e frondes muito desenvolvidas, cuneada; segmentos diminutos 0,3-0,5 x 0,2-0,4 cm, com ate 2,5 m de comprimento. Difere de todos os J. Prado: Pterid6fitas do PEFI: Lophosoriaceae 125 ~I 2 ~[ ~[ 1 Figuras 1-4. Lophosoria quadripinnata var. quadripinnata (Prado et al. 1564). I. Apice de uma fronde esteril em vista abaxial. 2. Detalhe dos tricomas da base do peciolo. 3. Detalhe das nervuras e margem da Hlmina. 4. Detalhe dos tricomas sobre as nervuras. 126 Hoehnea 33(1), 2006 outros grupos de samambaias arborescentes que Melhem, T.S., Giulietti, A.M., Forero, E., Barroso, GM., crescem no PEFI pelos soros sem indusio e face Silvestre, M.S.F., Jung, S.L., Makino, H., Melo, M.M.RF., Chiea, S.c.,Wanderley, M.GL., Kirizawa, M. & Muniz, abaxial da lamina glauca. C. 1981. Planejamento para e1aborayao da "Flora fanerogamica da Reserva do Parque Estadual das Fontes Agradecimentos do Ipiranga (Sao Paulo, Brasil)". Hoehnea 9: 63-74. Mickel, J.T. & Smith,A.R 2004. The pteridophytes ofMexico. AEmiko Naruto pela elaborayao dos desenhos e Memoirs ofthe New York Botanical Graden 88: 1-1054. a quem tambem dedico este trabalho in memoriam.· Milanez, A.I., Bicudo, C.E.M.,Vital, n.M.& Grandi,RA.P. Ao CNPq pela concessao da Bolsa de Produtividade 1990. Criptogamos do Parque Estadual das Fontes do em Pesquisa e auxilio a este projeto (processo· Ipiranga, Sao Paulo, SP: Planejamento. Hoehnea 17: 43-49. Riba, R 1995. Lophosoriaceae. In: R.C. Moran & R. Riba 300843/93-3). (eds.). Psi10taceae a Salviniaceae. In: G. Davidse, M. Sousa & S. Knapp (eds.). Flora Mesoamericana, Literaturacitada Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico,v.l,pp.85. Fidalgo, O. & Bononi, V.L.R (coords.). 1984. Tecnicas Prado, J. 2004. Criptogamos do Parque Estadual das Fontes de coleta, preservayao e herborizayao de material do Ipiranga, Sao Paulo, SP. Pteridophyta: chave para as botanico. Instituto de Botanica, Sao Paulo. 62 p.. familias; 2. Blechnaceae. Hoehnea 31: 1-10. (Manual 4). Tryon, RM. & Stolze, RG 1989. Pteridophyta ofPeru. Part 1. I. Ophioglossaceae - 12. Cyatheaceae. Fieldiana, Hoehne, F.C., Kuhlmann, M. & Handro, O. 1941. QIardirn Botany, new series 20: 1-145. Botanico de Sao Paulo. Secretaria da Agricultura, Tryon, RM. & Tryon, A.F. 1982. Ferns and allied plants, Industria e Comercio, Departamento de Botanica do with special reference to tropical America. Springer Estado, Sao Paulo, 656 p. Verlag, New York, 857 p..
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