Die Sängerin Angélique Kidjo

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Die Sängerin Angélique Kidjo SWR2 Musikstunde Das Leben ist ein Karneval – Die Sängerin Angélique Kidjo Von Margrit Klingler-Clavijo Sendung: 23. Januar 2021 Redaktion: Dr. Bettina Winkler Produktion: SWR 2021 SWR2 können Sie auch im SWR2 Webradio unter www.SWR2.de und auf Mobilgeräten in der SWR2 App hören. Bitte beachten Sie: Das Manuskript ist ausschließlich zum persönlichen, privaten Gebrauch bestimmt. Jede weitere Vervielfältigung und Verbreitung bedarf der ausdrücklichen Genehmigung des Urhebers bzw. des SWR. Kennen Sie schon das Serviceangebot des Kulturradios SWR2? Mit der kostenlosen SWR2 Kulturkarte können Sie zu ermäßigten Eintrittspreisen Veranstaltungen des SWR2 und seiner vielen Kulturpartner im Sendegebiet besuchen. Mit dem Infoheft SWR2 Kulturservice sind Sie stets über SWR2 und die zahlreichen Veranstaltungen im SWR2-Kulturpartner-Netz informiert. Jetzt anmelden unter 07221/300 200 oder swr2.de Die SWR2 App für Android und iOS Hören Sie das SWR2 Programm, wann und wo Sie wollen. Jederzeit live oder zeitversetzt, online oder offline. Alle Sendung stehen mindestens sieben Tage lang zum Nachhören bereit. Nutzen Sie die neuen Funktionen der SWR2 App: abonnieren, offline hören, stöbern, meistgehört, Themenbereiche, Empfehlungen, Entdeckungen … Kostenlos herunterladen: www.swr2.de/app … und dazu begrüßt Sie Margrit Klingler-Clavijo. Bei mir geht es heute um die Sängerin Angélique Kidjo, die „Queen of African Music“, die seit 1998 in New York lebt und um die Musik und die Musikerinnen und Musiker, die sie beeinflusst haben. In den 1970er Jahren war Celia Cruz in New York die „Queen of Salsa.“ Ihr widmete Angélique Kidjo das Album CELIA, für das sie 2019 ihren vierten Grammy erhielt. Dieses Album ist eine Hommage an die weltberühmte kubanische Sängerin, die stolz auf das afrikanische Erbe der Karibik war und stets die Nähe zu Afrika suchte. Es verweist auf die afrikanischen Ursprünge der kubanischen Musik und versucht, die Lieder von Celia Cruz nach Westafrika zurück zu bringen. Angélique Kidjo hat sie nicht einfach interpretiert, sondern wundervolle Neuschöpfungen geschaffen, die die Lebensgeister wecken und zum Tanzen animieren. „Man muss nicht weinen, das Leben ist ein Karneval, schöner lebt es sich, wenn man singt“, heißt es im Refrain von LA VIDA ES UN CARNEVAL, einem der großen Hits von Celia Cruz, den wir hier in der Version von Angélique Kidjo hören. 1. MUSIK: Angélique Kidjo: La vida es un carneval, Länge: 4.33 Min. CD Angélique Kidjo: CELIA Decca Records France, Paris 2019 Bestell-Nr. 774449-8 Angélique Kidjo wurde 1960 in Ouidah geboren, einer Küstenstadt in Benin, die über Jahrhunderte hinweg ein wichtiger Sklavenumschlagplatz war. Ihr Vater war Fotograf, die Mutter Theaterleiterin und die älteren Brüder ließen sie in ihrer Band mitsingen. Angélique Kidjo wollte Sängerin werden, wusste aber nicht, wie sie diesen Traum verwirklichen könnte. Nach einem Konzert von Celia Cruz in Benin, war sie tief beeindruckt von der temperamentvollen Sängerin, die neben Miriam Makeba ihre große Vorbildfigur wurde. Westafrika vibrierte damals im Salsa Rhythmus, doch die Salsa – Musiker waren durchweg Männer. Die große Ausnahme war Celia Cruz, die viele Hürden überwinden musste, ehe sie 1998 mit dem Album MI VIDA ES CANTAR selbstbewusst verkündete: SINGEN IST MEIN LEBEN. Celia Cruz, 1925 in Havanna geboren, sang in den 1940er Jahren zuerst im Radio und dann in den Nachtclubs und Kabaretts des vorrevolutionären Havanna, vor allem im TROPICANA, dem Schauplatz des Romans DREI TRAURIGE TIGER von Guillermo Cabera Infante. Einer Anekdote zufolge soll ihre Interpretation von BURUNDANGA das Lieblingslied des Revolutionsführers Fidel Castro gewesen sein. Das lautmalerische Lied handelt von einem Streit, der sich wie ein Lauffeuer verbreitet, jedoch mit etwas Entgegenkommen rasch beendet gewesen wäre. Als Fidel Castro sie bat, dieses Lied für ihn zu singen, kam sie jedoch seinem Wunsch nicht nach. 2 Hören wir nun BURUNDANGA in einer Aufnahme aus den 1950er Jahren mit Celia Cruz und der kubanischen Big Band SONORA MATANCERA, mit der sie fünfzehn Alben mit Rumba, Mambo, Guagancó einspielte, weshalb sie in Kuba auch die „Königin der Rumba“ – die „reina de la rumba“ genannt wurde. 2. MUSIK: Celia Cruz und Sonora Matancera: Burundanga, Länge: 2.53 Min. CD Celia Cruz the undisputed queen of Salsa Label: Not Now Music, USA 2014 Bestell-Nr: NOT2CD542 Nach der Revolution von 1959 ließ Fidel Castro die Nachtclubs und Kabaretts von Havanna schließen. Viele Musiker gingen daraufhin ins Exil. Celia Cruz kehrte 1960 nach einer Mexikotournee mit der SONORA MATANCERA nicht mehr nach Kuba zurück und ließ sich in den USA nieder. Seitdem stand sie auf der „Schwarzen Liste“ und durfte nicht mehr nach Kuba reisen. In den New Yorker Salsa-Bands, die Musiker aus der Karibik ins Leben gerufen hatten, war Celia Cruz die glamouröse „Salsa Queen,“ die in prächtigen Roben und knallbunten Perücken auftrat und mit dem Ausruf AZUCAAAR (Zucker) für Stimmung sorgte. Das folgende Lied CUCALA in der Version von Angélique Kidjo handelt von einer schwarzen Frau, die hart arbeitet, das Leben in vollen Zügen genießt, gern tanzt und flirtet. 3. MUSIK: Angélique Kidjo: Cucala, Länge: 3.19 Min. CD Angélique Kidjo: CELIA Label: Decca Records France, Paris 2019, Bestell-Nr. 774449-8 Angélique Kidjo ging 1983 nach Frankreich, weil in Benin, wo sie bereits eine bekannte Sängerin war, Musiker regimekonform zu sein hatten. Sie wollte sich nicht verbiegen. Waren ihre großen Vorbilder Celia Cruz und Miriam Makeba nicht auch ins Exil gegangen? In Paris studierte sie Gesang und experimentierte mit Pop, Rock, Soul, wurde zur musikalischen Botschafterin Afrikas, die den Blick auf die Frauen des Kontinentes richtet, den Rassismus bekämpft und in ihren Liedern auf die Geschichte der Sklaverei Bezug nimmt. Ihr großes Vorbild ist die südafrikanische Sängerin Miriam Makeba, die 1963 in einer vielbeachteten Rede vor den Vereinten Nationen in New York, das Ende der Apartheid in Südafrika gefordert hatte. David Donatien produzierte das Album CELIA mit der Gangbé Brass Band aus Benin und der britischen Musikgruppe Shabaka Hutchens & Sons Kemet. Bass: Meshell Ndegeocello, Schlagzeug: Tony Allen, der Ende April 2020 in Frankreich starb. In der folgenden Rumba setzt Angélique Kidjo mit ihrer ausdrucksstarken Stimme, Blassinstrumenten und Schlagzeug völlig neue Akzente. 4. MUSIK: Angélique Kidjo: Bemba Colorá, Länge: 3.44 Min. CD Angélique Kidjo: CELIA Label: Decca Records France, Paris 2019, Bestell-Nr. 774449-8 3 Celia Cruz war in den 1970er Jahren öfters in Afrika auf Tournee. Im September 1974 trat sie mit den Fania All Stars, der bekanntesten New Yorker Salsa Band, auf dem gigantischen Musikfestival ZAIRE 74 auf. Es fand in Kinshasa im Vorfeld des „Rumble in the jungle statt,“ der Weltboxmeisterschaft im Schwergewicht, die Muhammad Ali gegen George Foreman gewann. Die Kuratoren des Festivals, der südafrikanische Jazz-Trompeter Hugh Masekela und der nordamerikanische Musikproduzent Stewart Levine wollten darüber die Verbreitung afrikanischer Musik fördern und hatten Top-Musiker aus Afrika und den USA eingeladen, darunter James Brown, B.B. King, Miriam Makeba, Manu Dibango, Franco und Tabu Ley Rochereau, die Stars der kongolesischen Rumba. Die Konzerte fanden im größten, achtzig- tausend Zuschauer fassenden Fußballstadion von Kinshasa statt. Als Celia Cruz mit QUIMBARA das Loblied auf die Rumba anstimmte, tanzte, sang und klatschte das ganze Stadion. Hören wir nun QUIMBARA in der Version von Angélique Kidjo. 5. MUSIK: Angélique Kidjo: Quimbara, Länge: 4.34 Min. CD Angélique Kidjo: CELIA Label: Decca Records France, Paris 2019, Bestell-Nr. 774449-8 Sie hören die SWR2 Musikstunde. Ich bin Margrit Klingler-Clavijo und bei mir geht es heute um die Sängerin Angélique Kidjo und die Musikerinnen und Musiker, die sie beinflusst haben. Das westafrikanische Königreich Dahomey war die die Wiege des Voodoo, dessen Gesänge und Trommelrhythmen mit dem transatlantischen Sklavenhandel in die USA, die Karibik und nach Brasilien kamen. Die Musik war das Einzige, was den Sklaven erhalten blieb nach dem traumatischen Verlust ihrer bisherigen Welt. Die Musik war das Bindeglied zu Afrika, der Speicher ihrer Erinnerung, der innere Halt in einer fremden Welt. Ohne diese Musik, die sich in den jeweiligen Ländern weiterentwickelte und mit anderen Musikrichtungen vermischte, gäbe es keinen Jazz, keinen Soul, keinen Rock, keinen Rap, keine Rumba, keinen Tango. Angélique Kidjo war in den 1990er Jahren monatelang in Benin unterwegs, um traditionelle Voodoo Musik zu erforschen und aufzunehmen, vor allem Trommelrhythmen und Anrufungen von Voodoo – Gottheiten. Auf Alben wie BLACK IVORY SOUL, OREMI und OYO hat sie gezeigt, wie sich diese Musik in Brasilien und den USA verändert hat. Die Voodoo-Gottheit Elegua wird in vielen Ländern Afrikas und Lateinamerikas verehrt, teils mit verändertem Namen. In Brasilien wird sie Exú genannt, in Haiti Legba oder Papa Legba. Elegua ist der Herr der Wegkreuzungen, der sich an der Schwelle von sichtbarer und unsichtbarer Welt befindet, der Türen öffnet und Wege weist. Der Elegua des folgenden Liedes liebt Trommelrhythmen und dankt Afrika, das ihn lehrte, die Götter mit Musik zu ehren. 6. MUSIK: Angélique Kidjo: Elegua, Länge: 3.06 Min CD Angélique Kidjo: CELIA Label: Decca Records France, Paris 2019, Bestell-Nr. 774449-8 4 Wahrscheinlich hat sich keine Musik so sehr mit anderen Musikrichtungen vermischt wie diese Musik, die oft in veränderter Form wieder nach Afrika zurückkehrte. Auf der Inselwelt der Karibik und den
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