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Muskingum River Woodland Interest Group MUSKINGUM RIVER WOODLAND INTEREST GROUP Bi-Monthly Newsletter September-October 2019 Paul Bunyan Show “The study of plants with- October 4-6, 2019 Guernsey County Fairgrounds out their mycorrhizas is 335 Old National Road the study of artefacts. The Lore City (Cambridge), OH 43755 majority of plants strictly From the Ohio Forestry Associ- speaking, do not have ation’s Website: roots, they have “Join us October 4-6, 2019 at mycorrhizas.” the Guernsey County (Ohio) Fairgrounds for the Official Paul - BEH (International Bank Bunyan ShowSM, the Original American Forestry Show. Open of the Glomeromycota) to both the trade and the gen- committee, 25th May 1993 eral public, it features exciting forestry competitions, educa- tional sessions, forestry equip- ment demonstrations and much more. It's a great resource for forestry professionals and fun In This Issue for the whole family! “ Paul Bunyan Show Bobcat Pics “The mission of the Paul Bun- yan Show is to provide access “Not Your to current knowledge and tech- Grandpappy’s nology which enhances the quality of life and market competitiveness of Woods!” individuals, families, industries, and communities. This mission is accom- Down to Business plished by showcasing research, products, services, and experience Field Day registra- through educational exhibits, presentations, and demonstrations on the tion deadline Octo- forest industries, natural resources and lifestyles.” ber 18th MRWIG Meeting (Continued on Page 5) Schedule 1 Don’t Forget to Bobcat Pictures Report Your Bobcats in Licking County! Wildlife Sight- By Mike Dorogi, Dorogi Wood Farm Creations Custom Woodworking ings! and Furniture September 19th, 2019 Whether it’s a bobcat or feral swine, ODNR’s Divi- A deer got hit in front of my neighbors house two days ago. I decided to sion of Wildlife uses put it way out back in front of my trail camera to see what shows up (and these reports to help not stink up the neighborhood). Kinda expected coyotes and buzzards. track species within the But nice to see this guy instead. He is camping out on it - a lot of pics - state. ODNR is especially both day and night. He is trying to drag it away too. He also buries it with interested in sightings of: leaves. Wild turkey Badger Bald Eagle Nest Barn Owl Deer Black Bear Black-crowned Night Heron Bobcat Feral Swine Fisher Gray Fox Peregrine Falcon Porcupine River Otter Ruffed Grouse Sandhill Crane Snowshoe Hare Trumpeter Swan Weasel You can report sightings Deer here: https://apps.ohiodnr.gov/ wildlife/speciessighting/ 2 “Not Your Grandpappy’s Woods!” Deer Damage in Tree Plantations By Adam Komar, ODNR State Service Forester & MRWIG Secretary Whether it’s a singular fruit tree in a yard or white pine plantation 10,000 strong, if you’ve planted a tree recently in Ohio, you have probably had a majestic white-tailed deer chow down on all your hard work. And can you blame them? Those trees were grown for over a year in a tree nursery, probably in light, rich, loamy soils, completely protected—the deer’s equivalent to a candy cane! And when you plunk those delicious morsels unprotected near the deer’s preferred habitat, you’re just asking for disap- pointment and heartache. Whether you are thinking about planting trees, or already have an established plantation, there are a few steps you can Blue-X© tree shelter on tree planted in Coshocton County in early 2018. take to ensure your hard work doesn’t just turn out to be an expensive Photo courtesy of ODNR. bonsai. Below are three strategies, when used in tandem, which can be fairly effective in limiting damage from white-tailed deer. Tree Shelters 1.) Exclusion Protection of newly planted trees can be broadly broken into two catego- Also known as a bluebird ries—tree tubes and fencing. While both kinds of protection exclude deer trap, mouse-house, and and other critters from accessing trees, tree tubes are generally more wasp nest, tree shelters expensive than some types of fencing once plantings are larger than the have nearly as many downsides to upsides. At half-acre threshold (for a 10’ by 10’ spacing, 435 trees per acre). Tubes $2.52 per 52” tall Blue-X© have the advantage though of being fairly straight-forward in assembly shelter, the cost of just and installation. Fencing is either electrified or not, with non-energized shelters for every tree for fencing tall and strong enough to keep jumping deer from gaining access. a one-acre planting on a Electric fence, on the other hand, relies on conditioning animals with an 10-foot grid is $1,096, not electric shock to not enter the fenced area through use of baits on the including stakes. Howev- fence. Both tubes and fencing require constant maintenance during their er, if properly installed, use, which may be several years until the tree canopy is above browse tree shelters can boost height. While all types of exclusion are very effective when installed and the growth of the trees maintained properly, cost is generally high per acre which may be a limit- within, given the trees ing factor to some landowners. were planted correctly and the site does not ex- 2.) Deterrents & Repellents perience prolonged ex- Let’s make one thing abundantly clear: “deer resistant” plants are a myth, treme weather events at least in Ohio. I was aghast the first time I saw deer browse damage on (drought, flood, etc.). Where cost is a concern, Colorado blue spruce, and am now convinced that Ohio’s white tails are shelters can be used only part goat. Edibility aside, some trees may be less palatable to Mr. Buck, for high-value plantings/ but they all look pretty good when he’s trying to rub the velvet off his ant- species (such as hard lers, or it’s the dead of winter and there’s nothing else to eat. Deterrents mast trees), or on a per- and repellents do just that—deter and repel, through smell, taste, sound, centage of the trees light, etc. They run the gamut from expensive sprays and motion-activated planted to increase over- sprinklers, to low-tech options like hanging bars of soap. all survival and success. 3 The key about repellents and deterrents is this: they are temporary, gen- Rabbit or Deer? erally expensive long-term, and rely on frequent application in order to be effective. This makes them useful only for short-term applications, high- When assessing damage to value plants, or disrupting behavior. If the same product is used in the seedlings, it is important to first same location over and over again, deer will habituate to it. An excellent identify if white-tailed deer are example of this was when I was working as a field tech for Michigan Tech- indeed the culprit. While there nological University in conjunction with the Wisconsin DNR back in 2009—we sprayed weekly certain shrubs that could not be excluded in a are some high-tech ways of restoration planting with Liquid Fence®. After a couple months, deer de- finding this out (using trail cam- cided they didn’t mind the taste and browsed the shrubs anyways! eras, for instance), you can quickly determine if a deer or 3.) Population Control rabbit chewed on your tree with This phrase is a four-letter word in many circles, including to many in the the naked eye. Rabbits are ro- hunting community. Whether through damage permits or legal hunting, locally reducing the size of the deer herd can help alleviate deer damage dents with sharp front teeth, and in the short-term. While the American conservation movement has been a cleanly clip vegetation when tremendous success story during the past century for game animal popu- feeding. White-tailed deer, on lations, it has done significantly less in comparison for large predators. the other hand, do not cleanly The result has been an explosion of large herbivores in many areas of the bite off leaves and twigs, leav- county, and this is becoming a bigger issue with the number of hunters in a steady decline. Of course, introducing wolves and mountain lions back ing a more ragged edge with into the landscape is controversial at best, and reducing deer densities is plant fibers exposed. not quite as simple as increasing bag limits. With an ever increasing rural- urban interface and decreasing hunting access, population control is be- coming ever more difficult and more likely to run into conflict with stake- holders. Conclusion Like the title of this article suggests, current deer densities present some unique challenges our grandparents did not have to contend with, making it increasingly difficult to get good results with tree plantings. The key thing to remember is this: you can never completely eliminate deer browse damage, but you can bring it down to an acceptable level. There are plenty of informative factsheets and nifty products out there that can help you protect your trees, available online. Ultimately though, the most pragmatic thing to do is to back up and take a long, hard look at the reasons why you want to plant trees. More im- portantly, ask yourself if what you’re trying to achieve can be accom- plished through improvement work on the existing forest on your property. All too often I see landowners spend a tremendous amount of time, labor, and capital on a walnut plantation that will not yield revenue for another generation or two, when they could instead spend cents on the dollar less on getting their existing woodland into ship-shape, thereby meeting their Hasta leaf browsed by a white-tailed objectives (financial and otherwise) sooner.
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