The Importance of Pteridophytes in the Epiphytic Flora of Some Phorophytes of the Cameroonian Semi-Deciduous Rain Forest
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A Revision of the Fern Genus Oleandra (Oleandraceae) in Asia 1 Doi: 10.3897/Phytokeys.11.2955 Monograph Launched to Accelerate Biodiversity Research
A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeys 11: 1–37 (2012)A revision of the fern genus Oleandra (Oleandraceae) in Asia 1 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.11.2955 MONOGRAPH www.phytokeys.com Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A revision of the fern genus Oleandra (Oleandraceae) in Asia Peter H. Hovenkamp1, Boon-Chuan Ho2 1 Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis (section NHN), Leiden University, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands 2 Nees-Institut für Biodiversität der Pflanzen, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms- Universität Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 170, D-53115 Bonn, Germany Corresponding author: Peter H. Hovenkamp ([email protected]) Academic editor: T. Ranker | Received 16 February 2011 | Accepted 29 March 2012 | Published 6 April 2012 Citation: Hovenkamp PH, Ho B-C (2012) A revision of the fern genus Oleandra (Oleandraceae) in Asia. PhytoKeys 11: 1–37. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.11.2955 Abstract The Asiatic species of Oleandra (Oleandraceae) are revised. We reduce a large number of species to O. neriiformis and O. sibbaldii, we provide a revised circumscription of O. cumingii and O. undulata and we establish the identity of O. vulpina. In total, we recognize 9 species, with full synonymy, descriptions and distribution maps. A list of identifications is appended. Keywords Oleandra, systematics Introduction Virtually all authors who have dealt with the genus Oleandra Cav. have commented on its distinctness or naturalness. The shrubby growth form, particularly distinct in O. neriiformis Cav., prompted Cavanilles (1799; 1802) not only to derive the genus name, but also the species name from Nerium oleander L. (Apocynaceae). From this it should be clear that he saw the aerial stems of Oleandra neriiformis, of which the forms with distinctly whorled fronds are indeed strongly reminiscent of branches of Nerium olean- der. -
Native and Exotic “Boston Ferns” and “Sword Ferns” (Nephrolepis Spp.)
A Case of Mistaken Identity Native and Exotic “Boston Ferns” and “Sword Ferns” (Nephrolepis spp.) Figure 1. Florida’s native sword fern, also known as wild Boston fern, is a dominant feature of south Florida hammocks and a popular native landscape plant (Nephrolepis exaltata). Shown here in DuPuis Preserve (Palm Beach/Martin County). Ken Langeland desired plants of grow- University of Florida Center for ers and yearly sales Aquatic and Invasive Plants soared in the hundred Figure 2. st 7922 NW 71 Street, Gainesville, FL 32653 thousands.” In 1894, a Fronds of [email protected] cultivar of N. exaltata Florida’s was discovered in a native giant Introduction shipment from a Phil- sword fern Florida’s native sword fern, also adelphia grower to a (Nephrolepis know as wild Boston fern, (Nephrolepis Boston distributer and biserrata) are exaltata) (Figure 1) and giant sword fern named N. exaltata cv. often 2 m (Nephrolepis biserrata) (Figure 2), were ‘Bostoniensis’, hence the long. Shown highly admired by early botanists, commonly used name here in Fern naturalists, and horticulturists (Small Boston fern (Foster Forest, 1918a, 1918b, Simpson 1920, Foster 1984). Other derivatives Pompano 1984). Charles Torrey Simpson (1920) of N. exaltata cv. ‘Bosto- Beach wrote: “But the real glory of the ham- niensis’, ranging from (Broward mock is the two species of Nephrolepis, 1-5-pinnate, and with County). one being the well known “Boston“ such descriptive names fern.” According to Foster (1984) as N. exaltata cv. ‘Florida “—they [N. exaltata] could be seen in [Fluffy] Ruffles’ were homes and public buildings almost developed and are still known from native sword fern and giant sword everywhere. -
The Nephrolepis Boston Fern Complex Series Editors (Including Nephrolepis Exaltata [L.] Dan Blanchon Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, Naturalised in New Zealand
PERSPECTIVES IN Biosecurity RESEARCH SERIES 2/2016 The Nephrolepis Boston fern complex SERIES EDITORS (including Nephrolepis exaltata [L.] Dan Blanchon Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, naturalised in New Zealand. Mel Galbraith Mark Large and Lizzy Farrington PERSPECTIVES IN BIOSECURITY RESEARCH SERIES 2/2016 The Nephrolepis Boston fern complex (including Nephrolepis exaltata [L.] Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, naturalised in New Zealand. By Mark Large and Lizzy Farrington The Nephrolepis Boston fern complex (including Nephrolepis exaltata [L.] Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, naturalised in New Zealand by Mark Large and Lizzy Farrington is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. This publication may be cited as: Large, M., and Farrington, L. (2016). The Nephrolepis Boston fern complex (including Nephrolepis exaltata [L.] Schott), Nephrolepidaceae, naturalised in New Zealand. Unitec ePress Perspectives in Biosecurity Research Series (2). Retrieved from http://www.unitec.ac.nz/epress/ About this series: Perspectives in Biosecurity is an occasional, multi-disciplinary electronic series of research papers and other outputs covering all aspects of the field of biosecurity, including, but not restricted to: invasion biology and ecology, invasive species identification/ diagnostics, management and eradication/control, new invasive species records, modelling, biosecurity law and policy, relationships between human society and invasive species. Papers in Perspectives in Biosecurity are primarily the results of research carried out by staff, students, graduates, associates, and collaborators of Unitec Institute of Technology. All papers are subject to a double blind peer review process. For more papers in this series please visit: www.unitec.ac.nz/epress/index.php/category/publications/epress-series/perspectives-in-biosecurity/ Cover design by Penny Thomson Cover image by Mel Galbraith On the cover is the Australian tachinid fly (Trigonospila brevifacies), a parasitoid of other insects, specifically larvae of a number of Lepidoptera. -
Spores of Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae): Morphometric and Phylogenetic Analyses
Grana, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2016.1184307 Spores of Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae): morphometric and phylogenetic analyses VALENTINA RAMÍREZ-VALENCIA1,2 & DAVID SANÍN 3 1Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Center of Tropical Paleocology and Arqueology, Grupo de Investigación en Agroecosistemas y Conservación de Bosques Amazonicos-GAIA, Ancón Panamá, Republic of Panama, 2Laboratorio de Palinología y Paleoecología Tropical, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, 3Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de la Amazonia, Florencia Caquetá, Colombia Abstract The morphometry and sculpture pattern of Serpocaulon spores was studied in a phylogenetic context. The species studied were those used in a published phylogenetic analysis based on chloroplast DNA regions. Four additional Polypodiaceae species were examined for comparative purposes. We used scanning electron microscopy to image 580 specimens of spores from 29 species of the 48 recognised taxa. Four discrete and ten continuous characters were scored for each species and optimised on to the previously published molecular tree. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) showed that verrucae width/verrucae length and verrucae width/spore length index and outline were the most important morphological characters. The first two axes explain, respectively, 56.3% and 20.5% of the total variance. Regular depressed and irregular prominent verrucae were present in derived species. However, the morphology does not support any molecular clades. According to our analyses, the evolutionary pathway of the ornamentation of the spores is represented by depressed irregularly verrucae to folded perispore to depressed regular verrucae to irregularly prominent verrucae. Keywords: character evolution, ferns, eupolypods I, canonical correspondence analysis useful in phylogenetic analyses of several other Serpocaulon is a fern genus restricted to the tropics groups of ferns (Wagner 1974; Pryer et al. -
Phylogenetic Diversity of Ferns Reveals Different Patterns of Niche Conservatism and Habitat Filtering Between Epiphytic and Terrestrial Assemblages†
a Frontiers of Biogeography 2021, 13.3, e50023 Frontiers of Biogeography RESEARCH ARTICLE the scientific journal of the International Biogeography Society Phylogenetic diversity of ferns reveals different patterns of niche conservatism and habitat filtering between epiphytic and terrestrial assemblages† Adriana C. Hernández-Rojas1* , Jürgen Kluge1 , Sarah Noben2 , Johan D. Reyes Chávez3 , Thorsten Krömer4 , César I. Carvajal-Hernández5 , Laura Salazar6 and Michael Kessler2 1 Faculty of Geography, Philipps University Marburg, Germany; 2 Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Switzerland; 3 Escuela Agrícola Panamericana Zamorano, Centro Zamorano de Biodiversidad, Carrera de Ambiente y Desarrollo, Valle de Yeguare, Francisco Morazán, Honduras; 4 Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales (CITRO), Universidad Veracruzana, México; 5 Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, México;6 Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático e Ingeniería en Biodiversidad y Recursos Genéticos, Facultad de Ciencias del Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Machala y Sabanilla, Quito, Ecuador. *Corresponding author: Adriana C. Hernández-Rojas, [email protected], [email protected] This paper is part of an Elevational Gradients and Mountain Biodiversity Special Issue. Abstract Highlights Much attention has been directed to understanding • Epiphytic and terrestrial fern assemblages across species richness patterns, but adding an evolutionary elevational and latitudinal -
Plant Life MagillS Encyclopedia of Science
MAGILLS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE PLANT LIFE MAGILLS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SCIENCE PLANT LIFE Volume 4 Sustainable Forestry–Zygomycetes Indexes Editor Bryan D. Ness, Ph.D. Pacific Union College, Department of Biology Project Editor Christina J. Moose Salem Press, Inc. Pasadena, California Hackensack, New Jersey Editor in Chief: Dawn P. Dawson Managing Editor: Christina J. Moose Photograph Editor: Philip Bader Manuscript Editor: Elizabeth Ferry Slocum Production Editor: Joyce I. Buchea Assistant Editor: Andrea E. Miller Page Design and Graphics: James Hutson Research Supervisor: Jeffry Jensen Layout: William Zimmerman Acquisitions Editor: Mark Rehn Illustrator: Kimberly L. Dawson Kurnizki Copyright © 2003, by Salem Press, Inc. All rights in this book are reserved. No part of this work may be used or reproduced in any manner what- soever or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy,recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information address the publisher, Salem Press, Inc., P.O. Box 50062, Pasadena, California 91115. Some of the updated and revised essays in this work originally appeared in Magill’s Survey of Science: Life Science (1991), Magill’s Survey of Science: Life Science, Supplement (1998), Natural Resources (1998), Encyclopedia of Genetics (1999), Encyclopedia of Environmental Issues (2000), World Geography (2001), and Earth Science (2001). ∞ The paper used in these volumes conforms to the American National Standard for Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, Z39.48-1992 (R1997). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Magill’s encyclopedia of science : plant life / edited by Bryan D. -
Pdf/A (670.91
Phytotaxa 164 (1): 001–016 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ Article PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.164.1.1 On the monophyly of subfamily Tectarioideae (Polypodiaceae) and the phylogenetic placement of some associated fern genera FA-GUO WANG1, SAM BARRATT2, WILFREDO FALCÓN3, MICHAEL F. FAY4, SAMULI LEHTONEN5, HANNA TUOMISTO5, FU-WU XING1 & MAARTEN J. M. CHRISTENHUSZ4 1Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China. E-mail: [email protected] 2School of Biological and Biomedical Science, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom. 3Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8075 Zurich, Switzerland. 4Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DS, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] (author for correspondence) 5Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. Abstract The fern genus Tectaria has generally been placed in the family Tectariaceae or in subfamily Tectarioideae (placed in Dennstaedtiaceae, Dryopteridaceae or Polypodiaceae), both of which have been variously circumscribed in the past. Here we study for the first time the phylogenetic relationships of the associated genera Hypoderris (endemic to the Caribbean), Cionidium (endemic to New Caledonia) and Pseudotectaria (endemic to Madagascar and Comoros) using DNA sequence data. Based on a broad sampling of 72 species of eupolypods I (= Polypodiaceae sensu lato) and three plastid DNA regions (atpA, rbcL and the trnL-F intergenic spacer) we were able to place the three previously unsampled genera. -
Flora of New Zealand Ferns and Lycophytes Davalliaceae Pj
FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND FERNS AND LYCOPHYTES DAVALLIACEAE P.J. BROWNSEY & L.R. PERRIE Fascicle 22 – OCTOBER 2018 © Landcare Research New Zealand Limited 2018. Unless indicated otherwise for specific items, this copyright work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence Attribution if redistributing to the public without adaptation: “Source: Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research” Attribution if making an adaptation or derivative work: “Sourced from Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research” See Image Information for copyright and licence details for images. CATALOGUING IN PUBLICATION Brownsey, P. J. (Patrick John), 1948– Flora of New Zealand : ferns and lycophytes. Fascicle 22, Davalliaceae / P.J. Brownsey and L.R. Perrie. -- Lincoln, N.Z.: Manaaki Whenua Press, 2018. 1 online resource ISBN 978-0-9 47525-44-6 (pdf) ISBN 978-0-478-34761-6 (set) 1.Ferns -- New Zealand – Identification. I. Perrie, L. R. (Leon Richard). II. Title. III. Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd. UDC 582.394.742(931) DC 587.30993 DOI: 10.7931/B15W42 This work should be cited as: Brownsey, P.J. & Perrie, L.R. 2018: Davalliaceae. In: Breitwieser, I.; Wilton, A.D. Flora of New Zealand – Ferns and Lycophytes. Fascicle 22. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln. http://dx.doi.org/10.7931/B15W42 Cover image: Davallia griffithiana. Habit of plant, spreading by means of long-creeping rhizomes. Contents Introduction..............................................................................................................................................1 -
The Development Op the Sorus in Some Species Of
THE DEVELOPMENT OP THE SORUS IN SOME SPECIES OF NEPHROLEPIS, TOGETHER WITH OBSERVATIONS ON POINTS OP ANATOMICAL INTEREST. * * * i|t * * ** * * * $ # $ ** * * * * ** * * * * * Thesis submitted by Isabella M. Case, M. A. , B. Sc. for The Degree of Ph.D. ProQuest Number: 13905578 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 13905578 Published by ProQuest LLC(2019). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Introduction, Systematic position etc. Materials used Dev. of sorus of N, bis errata External appearance and habit of plant Origin of stolons Operation of size factor Detailed anatomy of stolon Anatomy of stem Pinna trace N • acuminata N. exaltata, etc. Comparative Discussion Summary Bibliography Description of figures THE DEVELOPMENT OP THE SORUS IN SOME SPECIES OP NEPHROLEPIS, TOGETHER WITH OBSERVATIONS ON POINTS OP ANATOMICAL INTEREST . Hooker in his "Species Filicum" (Vol. IV) describes six species of Nephrolepis, viz. N. tuberosa (Pr.), N. exaltata (Schott), N. acuta (Pr.), N. obliterata (Hook), N. floccigera (Moore) and N. davallioides (Kze.), the nomenclature being upheld by Christensen (Index Pilicum) In only two cases, viz. N. -
Davallia Denticulata L 1101000110101001210 D
J EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Shelf Mark __l UniversityH Edinburgh 30150 024493592 Systematic Study on Davalliaceae in Peninsular Malaysia Haja Maideen Kader Maideen Doctor of Philosophy The University of Edinburgh Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 2008 Abstract Davalliaceae is a fern family established by A. B. Frank in 1877, based on the genus Davallia. It contains about 150 species in 8-12 genera and is restricted to the Old World tropics and subtropics. They are mostly epiphytes with long creeping fleshy rhizomes covered with peltate scales. In Peninsular Malaysia, the Davallioid ferns belong to Davallia Sm., Humata Cav., Leucostegia C. Presl and Araiostegia Copel. (Parris & Latiff, 1997). This study used morphological, cytological and molecular (three chloroplast regions) data in an attempt to classify Davalliaceae, especially in Peninsular Malaysia. The results presented in this thesis showed moderate to strong support for the paraphyly of genera in Davalliaceae, especially in Peninsular Malaysia. The results were incongruent with the latest classification based on morphology (Nooteboom, 1998) but congruent with a global study based on molecular data. The phylogeny showed that Leucostegia doest not belong to Davalliaceae. Four major clades were recognised in Davalliaceae, namely the Araiostegia Clade (AC); Davallia with two clades: Davallia Clade I (denticulata clade and dimorpha-divaricata clade), Davallia Clade II (scyphularia-solida clade and trichomanoides clade) and the Humata clade (HC). Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses of rps4 + rps4-trnS IGS and combined three regions produced congruent topologies, but the topologies ofrbcL and trnL-F region produced only slight differences. The expanded rbcL data also showed that all species were fully resolved without having a separated/regional clade. -
Biogeographical Patterns of Species Richness, Range Size And
Biogeographical patterns of species richness, range size and phylogenetic diversity of ferns along elevational-latitudinal gradients in the tropics and its transition zone Kumulative Dissertation zur Erlangung als Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (Dr.rer.nat.) dem Fachbereich Geographie der Philipps-Universität Marburg vorgelegt von Adriana Carolina Hernández Rojas aus Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexiko Marburg/Lahn, September 2020 Vom Fachbereich Geographie der Philipps-Universität Marburg als Dissertation am 10.09.2020 angenommen. Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Georg Miehe (Marburg) Zweitgutachterin: Prof. Dr. Maaike Bader (Marburg) Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 27.10.2020 “An overwhelming body of evidence supports the conclusion that every organism alive today and all those who have ever lived are members of a shared heritage that extends back to the origin of life 3.8 billion years ago”. This sentence is an invitation to reflect about our non- independence as a living beins. We are part of something bigger! "Eine überwältigende Anzahl von Beweisen stützt die Schlussfolgerung, dass jeder heute lebende Organismus und alle, die jemals gelebt haben, Mitglieder eines gemeinsamen Erbes sind, das bis zum Ursprung des Lebens vor 3,8 Milliarden Jahren zurückreicht." Dieser Satz ist eine Einladung, über unsere Nichtunabhängigkeit als Lebende Wesen zu reflektieren. Wir sind Teil von etwas Größerem! PREFACE All doors were opened to start this travel, beginning for the many magical pristine forest of Ecuador, Sierra de Juárez Oaxaca and los Tuxtlas in Veracruz, some of the most biodiverse zones in the planet, were I had the honor to put my feet, contemplate their beauty and perfection and work in their mystical forest. It was a dream into reality! The collaboration with the German counterpart started at the beginning of my academic career and I never imagine that this will be continued to bring this research that summarizes the efforts of many researchers that worked hardly in the overwhelming and incredible biodiverse tropics. -
Fern Classification
16 Fern classification ALAN R. SMITH, KATHLEEN M. PRYER, ERIC SCHUETTPELZ, PETRA KORALL, HARALD SCHNEIDER, AND PAUL G. WOLF 16.1 Introduction and historical summary / Over the past 70 years, many fern classifications, nearly all based on morphology, most explicitly or implicitly phylogenetic, have been proposed. The most complete and commonly used classifications, some intended primar• ily as herbarium (filing) schemes, are summarized in Table 16.1, and include: Christensen (1938), Copeland (1947), Holttum (1947, 1949), Nayar (1970), Bierhorst (1971), Crabbe et al. (1975), Pichi Sermolli (1977), Ching (1978), Tryon and Tryon (1982), Kramer (in Kubitzki, 1990), Hennipman (1996), and Stevenson and Loconte (1996). Other classifications or trees implying relationships, some with a regional focus, include Bower (1926), Ching (1940), Dickason (1946), Wagner (1969), Tagawa and Iwatsuki (1972), Holttum (1973), and Mickel (1974). Tryon (1952) and Pichi Sermolli (1973) reviewed and reproduced many of these and still earlier classifica• tions, and Pichi Sermolli (1970, 1981, 1982, 1986) also summarized information on family names of ferns. Smith (1996) provided a summary and discussion of recent classifications. With the advent of cladistic methods and molecular sequencing techniques, there has been an increased interest in classifications reflecting evolutionary relationships. Phylogenetic studies robustly support a basal dichotomy within vascular plants, separating the lycophytes (less than 1 % of extant vascular plants) from the euphyllophytes (Figure 16.l; Raubeson and Jansen, 1992, Kenrick and Crane, 1997; Pryer et al., 2001a, 2004a, 2004b; Qiu et al., 2006). Living euphyl• lophytes, in turn, comprise two major clades: spermatophytes (seed plants), which are in excess of 260 000 species (Thorne, 2002; Scotland and Wortley, Biology and Evolution of Ferns and Lycopliytes, ed.