Human Use - Maritime Zones • Exclusive Economic Zone: Natural Resources Canada Data Resolution • None Provided Description

data sources • Continental Shelf: Living Oceans Society • Territorial Sea: Canadian Coast Guard Human Use - Maritime Zones • Exclusive Economic Zone: Natural Resources Canada data resolution • None provided description

This map displays the six maritime zones recognized by the Federal Government of Canada. These zones were determined during the 1982 date collected United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which was approved by Canada in 2003. Maritime zones are required under • Not listed international law and designate the range of diminishing sovereign rights from coastal areas and outline what rights can be exercised by other countries within sovereign waters (DFO, 2013). date compiled • 2013 According to Fisheries and Oceans Canada (2013) and the United Nations (2013), the six maritime zones outlined in UNCLOS and Canada’s Oceans Act, are: reviewers • Internal Waters (all waters landward of a coastal state’s jurisdictional coastline, which is also known as the UNCLOS Baseline) • Karen Topelko, Province of British Columbia • Territorial Sea (0–12 nautical miles seaward of the UNCLOS baseline) • Contiguous Zone (12–24 nautical miles seaward of the UNCLOS baseline) reviewer comments • Exclusive Economic Zone (12–200 nautical miles seaward of the UNCLOS baseline) • None provided. • Continental Shelf (the extended perimeter of the North American continent and associated coastal plain. For the BC Coast, Canada’s Pacific Internal Waters are found on the Continental Shelf, along with much of the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone.) caveats of use • High Seas (the area seaward of the outer limit of Canada’s continental shelf ) • The provenance of the Territorial Sea data is unknown. The Contiguous Zone was created by buffering the Territorial Sea data. Due to the unknown provenance of the original data; neither feature should be considered accurate for official purposes. The map does not distinguish areas under federal or provincial jurisdiction because the boundaries of these areas within the Canadian Pacific • Recommended date of expiry for use of these data in a Marine Planning Context: None provided have not been conclusively determined and the extent of First Nations rights and title in marine areas has not been formally resolved (Paisley et al., 2003). In general, provincial jurisdiction covers the waters and submerged lands of “inland” areas, such as the Strait of Juan de Fuca, the map, feature data and metadata access Strait of Georgia, Johnstone Strait and Queen Charlotte Strait, as well as areas that are “within the jaws of the land” such as estuaries, bays Visit www.bcmca.ca/data for more information. and fjords (Alley & Topelko, 2007; DFO, 2008). Marine resources that are attached or subsurface, as well as activities that require contact with the land such as boat moorage, are also under provincial control (DFO, 2008). The Canadian Constitution gives the federal government references jurisdiction over many of the activities within the water column, including shipping and fishing (Paisley et al., 2003). Federal jurisdiction also • Alley, J., and K. Topelko. 2007. Oceans governance arrangements in British Columbia. covers the seabed in areas that have been designated for federal activities, such as ports (Alley & Topelko, 2007). http://www.maritimeawards.ca/OGCWC/Docs/Oceans_Governance_Arrangements.pdf • Fisheries and Oceans Canada. 2008. The role of the provincial and territorial governments in the oceans sector. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans/publications/pg-gp/pdf/pg-gp-eng.pdf • Fisheries and Oceans Canada. 2013. Canada’s ocean estate: A description of Canada’s maritime zones. http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans/canadasoceans-oceansducanada/marinezones-zonesmarines-eng.htm • Paisley, R.K., M. Curlier, C. Leon, B. Graizbord, & E.C. Bricklemyer, Jr. 2003. Integrated coastal management (ICM): A brief legal and institutional comparison among Canada, the United States and Mexico. Ocean and Coastal Law Journal, 9, 195-220. • United Nations. 2013, Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea. Oceans and law of the sea: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982. https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/UNCLOS-TOC.htm

www.bcmca.ca Marine Atlas of Pacific Canada 142°W 140°W 138°W 136°W 134°W 132°W 130°W 128°W 126°W 124°W 122°W

BCMCA Atlas A l a s k a r e Human Use v i R

s N s Maritime Zones °

4 a

5 N

r Legend e

v i R UNCLOS Baseline na e e Sk Territorial Sea Contiguous Zone N ° 4 12 Nautical Miles H a i d a 5 Continental Shelf Exclusive Economic Zone G w a i i C

o Note: n - UNCLOS = United Nations Charter on B r i t i s h the Law of the Sea

N t

° - The territorial sea extends 12 nm from the 2 5 i UNCLOS baseline n - The contiguous zone extends 12 nm from 200 Nautical Miles the boundary of the territorial sea e - The exclusive economic zone extends 200 n C o l u m b i a nm from the UNCLOS baseline but does not include the territorial sea t

a N ° 2 l 5

F S r a

r h P A C I F I C R i v e e Exclusive Economic Zone r l Data Sources: N °

0 Fisheries and Oceans Canada,

5 f O C E A N Natural Resources Canada, Parks Canada

Base Data: ESRI Base Data, GeoBase, GeoBC, NOAA, Natural Resources Canada, N

° USGS, Washington State Government

V a n c o u v e r 0 1:500,000* 5 Inset Map I s l a n d Thematic Data: U For more information on data sources N and methods please refer to the C L facing page to this map O ea S l S Projection: BC Albers NAD83 ria ) B ito les a err i s N l M e 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 ° T ca li 8 ti 4 au n N e (12 Kilometres Internal Waters 0 25 50 75

Nautical Miles

1:4,250,000 * N e ° * Written scales are approximate and n 8

o High Seas 4 s Z are based on a 11 x 17 inch paper size. ou ) tigu iles on al M Prepared for: C utic Na (12 W a s h i n g t o n N ° 6 4 Note: The inset has been provided to illustrate the level of detail available in the data. The inset is for illustrative purposes only and does not imply any significance Map template by Caslys Consulting Ltd. to this region. May 13, 2013

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