Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian Heritage River 10-Year Monitoring Report

Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian Heritage River 10-year Monitoring Report

1998 - 2008

Prepared for the Canadian Heritage Rivers Board

May 2008

Painting by Alice Reed

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report Contents

1.0 Executive Summary...... 3 2.0 Introduction...... 3 3.0 Background ...... 4 4.0 Methodology...... 4 5.0 Chronology of Events...... 5 6.0 Natural Heritage Values...... 8 6.1 Background...... 8 6.2 Condition of Natural Values Since Designation ...... 15 7.0 Cultural Heritage Values...... 15 7.1 Background...... 15 7.2 Condition of Cultural Values Since Designation...... 18 8.0 Recreation Values ...... 18 8.1 Background & Status ...... 18 8.2 Condition of recreation values Since Designation...... 22 9.0 Integrity Guidelines ...... 22 10.0 Review of Management Plan Objectives...... 25 11.0 Summary and Conclusions...... 38 12.0 References ...... 39

Tables

Table 1 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Values ...... 10 Table 2 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Cultural Heritage Values ...... 16 Table 3 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Recreational Values ...... 19 Table 4 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Integrity ...... 23 Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status. . 26

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 1.0 Executive Summary based water quality monitoring.

The Margaree-Lake Ainslie River in Nova Scotia, Forestry practices in the river’s watershed were was designated as a Canadian Heritage River in improved when Stora Enso/NewPage received 1998. This report reviews what has happened Forestry Stewardship Council certification, which over the last decade, and addresses the state of means it must adhere to strict environmental and the river, while looking at progress and research. social standards. It examines what has happened to the river since designation, determines whether heritage and The heritage values of the Margaree-Lake Ainslie recreational values are still intact, and reports on River System remain intact. The river is worthy of the Canadian Heritage River System (CHRS) integ- continued designation as a nationally significant rity guidelines. This study also reports on the de- river within the CHRS. gree to which river management and goals have been achieved. 2.0 Introduction

Since its designation, collaborative research work has been done by government and community groups. Projects have addressed improving aquatic habitats and salmon and trout stocks. Research took place on animal and fish populations such as moose, American marten (Martes americana), gaspereau and bass to develop management initiatives. Water quality monitoring on the river was improved through the installation of a hydrometric sampling station.

Youth Services Canada projects worked to: • promote awareness of the river’s heritage; • encourage locals to assume a stewardship role; • monitor water quality on the entire watershed to establish benchmark settings; The Margaree-Lake Ainslie river system is the larg- • clean-up shorelines; est river system on Cape Breton; it measures about • stabilize stream banks; 120 kilometers in length. The river runs through • participate in the local River Watch program; a variety of scenic landscapes with a dynamic • partner with the local hatchery to enhance mix of land uses. The river system is characterized trout and salmon stocks and restore fish habi- by a unique combination of natural and cultural tat; and heritage values that reflect a rich history of hu- • offer information and training on community- man settlement on a mosaic of natural landscapes. In 1998, after years of study, the Margaree-Lake Ainslie River system was designated as a Canadian Heritage River.

Its Northeast branch is known for populations of salmon, which attract large numbers of anglers. The Southwest branch has a provincially significant gaspereau run, which is fished commercially.

The Canadian Heritage River System (CHRS) is Canada’s program by which to promote freshwater heritage conservation and recognize Canada’s Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report outstanding rivers based on heritage and recre- In 1986, the Province of Nova Scotia reviewed ation values. The program is a cooperative effort 45 rivers and conducted detailed studies on the of federal and provincial/territorial governments, seven highest rated rivers. In 1988, a study of the which works to ensure long-term management Margaree River system was completed and a year and conservation of Canada’s river heritage. CHRS later the Minister announced that the Department requires annual reports, monitoring, and ten-year of Natural Resources would work toward nomina- reviews to ensure that CHRS rivers maintain the tion of the river. In July 1991, the Margaree River values for which they were nominated. system was accepted for nomination as a CHRS river. The Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian Heritage The objectives of this report are to: River - A Partnership Strategy was submitted to • determine the degree to which the actions CHRS in 1996 and in 1998 the river was designated outlined in the management plan have been a Canadian Heritage River. implemented.; • establish the current conditions of the out- In 1998, lead responsibility for the CHRS program standing heritage values based on a review of in Nova Scotia was transferred to the Protected Ar- values for which the river was nominated eas Branch of Nova Scotia Environment (NSE) from • determine whether the CHRS integrity guide- the Department of Natural Resources (DNR). lines are still being met; • describe changes that have occurred in 4.0 Methodology relation to the river over the past decade; and • review the state of the river and to report on The main approaches used to gain information progress or setbacks the river has about the state of the river and progress that has experienced been made are: (i) reviews of CHRS annual reports and 3.0 Background field reports (ii) secondary source research From the headwaters of the Northeast Margaree, (iii) interviews with key individuals located to the south of Cape Breton Highlands Na- tional Park, the Margaree River flows in a westerly, Interviews with key individuals provided then southerly direction through a steep-sided information on changes, research, and activi- valley complex to Big Intervale. From here, the ties that have taken place on and around the river flows to the south before taking a westerly river since its designation. Discussions took place shift and meanders to Margaree Forks. The South- among NSE and DNR staff and key stakeholders. west Margaree begins at Lake Ainslie, the largest freshwater lake in Nova Scotia, and flows northerly New CHRS frameworks were developed since the to Margaree Forks to form the Margaree River. Margaree Lake Ainslie River System was nominat- The Margaree River continues north to Margaree ed. This report converts identified values to coin- Harbour and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. cide with current national frameworks; the recreational framework used was adapted from the Red River CHRS study.

The condition of heritage values since designation was discussed along with relevant projects or partnership strategy actions. The condition of integrity guidelines was also examined to determine whether the river was still worthy of designation as a river of national significance within the Canadian Heritage River System.

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 5.0 Chronology of Events • Opening of a CHRS Resource Center in the Margaree Forks Public Library. 1998 - 2000 • Margaree-Lake Ainslie officially designated 2001-2002 to CHRS. • Identification of potential snowmobile/ATV • Responsibility for CHRS transferred to Nova routes to redirect traffic away from bogs Scotia Environment from the Department and barrens in Jim Campbells Barren Wilder- of Natural Resources. ness Area, which is within the Watershed of the Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System. • Thirty-one new Wilderness Areas designat ed, 4 of which are included in the watershed • Margaree River featured on the Great Cana- of the Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System. dian Rivers television series, which chronicled rivers that represent both the natural and cultural heritage of Canada. 2000-2001 • Installation of a hydrometric sampling sta- • Appointment of a regional protected areas tion on the Northeast Branch of the river program co-ordinator for Cape Breton with that compiles daily recordings into a central responsibility for the Canadian Heritage database. Rivers in the region.

• The Margaree Area Development Associa- tion starts planning for a regional hiking trails program

• Aquatic Development Association of Marga- ree working with the Margaree Salmon Asso- ciation (MSA) and the Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian Heritage River Society

• Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian Heritage River Society and NSEL initiate work with Tourism NS on sponsorship of a regional self-guided heritage tour

• Water quality - central database for historic and future parameter values; purchase of new • Proposed barite mine at Trout Brook, which hydrometric sampling station; plans for the flows into Lake Ainslie, met with public con- initiation of a community-based water quality cern. The project proposal was eventually monitoring program;. withdrawn. • Concerns over Kenloch landfill addressed by • Youth Service Canada project working to: NSE. promote awareness of the river’s heritage; encourage locals to assume a stewardship role; • Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian Heritage monitor water quality on the entire water- River Society working with NSE to implement shed to establish benchmark settings; clean- the Partnership Strategy. The group meets up shorelines; stabilize stream banks; partici- once a month. pate in the local River Watch program; partner with the local hatchery to enhance trout and

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report salmon stocks and restore fish habitat; and of- shed to establish benchmark settings; clean- fer information and training on community- up shorelines; stabilize stream banks; partici- based water quality monitoring. pate in the local River Watch program; partner with the local hatchery to enhance trout and salmon stocks and restore fish habitat; and offer information and training on community- based water quality monitoring

2003-2004

• Voluntary Planning Task Force on Off-highway vehicles makes recommendations on how OHVs might be better regulated

• Aquatic Development Association of Marga- ree (ADAM) secures a new funding agreement to assist in the production of young trout and salmon for stocking rivers in Nova Scotia. 2002-2003 Money also to assist in public education initiatives and collaborative research efforts • Snowmobile trail relocation to help protect bogs and barrens in Jim Campbells Barren Wilderness Area, which is located within the river’s watershed.

• Margaree Salmon Association Stream Habi- tat Improvement Project worked to improve Lake O’Law Brook, which flows from the NE Margaree River, by stabilizing banks and enhancing pools

• American marten (Martes americana) research project sponsored by NS Department of Natural Resources worked to determine • Moose research project studies the moose population size, distribution and habitat population in the Cape Breton Highlands to requirements of the provincially endangered determine behaviour and movement patterns American marten (Martes americana). The and develop appropriate management strate- project results will be used to develop a plan gies to restore populations to a healthy level • Cancellation of the barite mine proposal near • Margaree Tourism Association “Interpretive Trout Brook Signage Project” worked to develop signage to promote heritage values • Youth Service Canada 2003 - Youth at Risk project works to monitor water quality, re- • Margaree Harbour bridge replacement habilitate streams, improve habitat, increase public education, clean shorelines, stabilize • Youth Services Canada Project #2 working to: stream banks and enhance trout and salmon promote awareness of the river’s heritage; en- stocks courage locals to assume a stewardship role; monitor water quality on the entire water- 2004-2005

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report • Relocation of Snowmobile Association of • Aquatic habitat improvements: stream bank Nova Scotia Trail reduces potential damage to remediation; habitat restoration; erosion con- sensitive bogs and barrens in the Jim Camp- trol; bank stabilization; fish habitat improve- bells Barren Wilderness Area, and associated ment; and inventory of streambed, stream- impacts within the Margaree watershed. side vegetation and flow characteristics of the Northeast branch • Scientific research and monitoring indicate that striped bass numbers are on the rise and • Computerized inventory of local heritage that smallmouth bass have not been able to sites breed successfully

• Recreation infrastructure improvements: 2006-2007 benches and picnic tables placed at key sites along the river; identification signs produced • The Nova Scotia Department of Fisheries and to be erected at key fishing sites; and mainte- Aquaculture (NSFA) takes over the ownership nance carried out on local walking trails and management of the Margaree hatchery from the Aquatic Development Association of • Litter/garbage pick-up to remove debris from Margaree. This secures long term funding for the NE and SW branches of the river the operation of the hatchery.

• Infestation of black-headed budworm in the • The Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian Heritage Cape Breton Highlands, which is part of the River Society completes the section of wilder- Margaree-Lake Ainslie Rivers System water- ness hiking trail from Portree to the first look- shed, with trace defoliation along portions of off on top of Sugarloaf Mountain First and Second Fork Brooks on the North- east Margaree River • Margaree Area Development Association makes improvements to the walking/hiking trail (Lifestyles Trail) in Lake O’Law

2007-2008

• Stora Enso, which harvests forestry products within the watershed, divests its North Ameri- can paper operations to NewPage

• Stora Enso/NewPage receives Forest Steward- ship Council (FSC) certification.

2005-2006

• The Canadian Forestry Service trial aerial spray of Bacillus thuringienis kurstaki (BTK) to test its effectiveness on the black-headed budworm takes place. Subsequent studies showed a collapse of the insect population and recommended cessation of spray operations.

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 6.0 Natural Heritage Values • Remnant maple, elm floodplain forests con- tain at least five provincially rare plants 6.1 Background • Four provincially rare mammals occur in the steep-sided valley complex of Northeast Mar- The designation of the Margaree-Lake Ainslie Riv- garee er System was based on the following key natural heritage features: A new national framework for natural heritage values has been developed since the Margaree River • a unique alkaline bog on Black River, which is system was designated in 1998: A Framework for recognized under the International Biological the Natural Values of Canadian Heritage Rivers, 2nd Program and is under consideration for offi- Edition. 2001. cial designation under the Special Places Act. It contains at least five provincially rare plants The values for which the Margaree River system was nominated are summarized below, according to this new natural heritage values framework.

• Outstanding earth history - the variety, history and visibility of geological strata and features associated with the river system provide excellent opportunities for interpretation of the complex geology of this region. • The entire river is an outstanding representa- tion of continuous fluvial and geomorpho- logical processes. • Outstanding examples of faulting and es- carpments depict significant events in Nova Scotia’s geological history • One of the most noted salmon producing rivers in Nova Scotia, which is renowned for spring and fall runs of salmon • A provincially significant gaspereau run • Provincially significant wetlands on the Southwest Margaree and Lake Ainslie have outstanding wildlife values • Second Fork Brook IBP site is a remnant of an old growth sugar maple stand

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Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - - some riverbed disturbance disturbance - some riverbed None None None None None Changes or Threats to Nomination to Threats Changes or Value(s) None None None and transportation of sediment oc during bridge constructioncurred at mouth of only (one time event harbour) quality on the river monitoring Water of but the coordination has improved, further requires information work - Significant Actions, Research or Studies Research Actions, Significant Harbour Bridge Replacement Margaree (at mouth of Harbour) qualitytaken has place monitoring Water 2000 when a new hydrometric since installed sampling station was of a central completion NSE encouraging param and future historic database for values eter - - - - /sec. Length is Length /sec. 3 Appalachian Acadian Uplands Appalachian Acadian with surficial uncon bedrock Porous porosity: of low materials solidated impervi and silt; clay fine-grained unconsoli surficial with bedrock ous of medium porosity: materials dated sand and gravel loams, (2-5m/km). Significant gradient is 0-400m. sea level Height above Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Elements Description num stream Basin; Ocean Atlantic ber 1 period is May; of highest flow Period is May-September flow of lowest Insignificant sediment load 0-50 Total high in rated mg/l (>5.0 JU); Solids (>100 mg/l) Dissolved or <85m Small river <500km. 2 Physiography Regions 2.1 Physiographic 2.2 Geological Processes 2.3 Hydrogeology Topography 2.4 Table 1 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Values Values Heritage Natural River Ainslie 1 Margaree-Lake Table Framework CHRS Natural & Sub- Themes (2001) themes 1 Hydrology Basins 1.1 Drainage Variation 1.2 Seasonal Content Water 1.3 1.4 River Size

10 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - - - Changes or Threats to Nomination to Threats Changes or Value(s) None integrity ecological Improve/maintain None processes erosional from Protection consid for tool an effective Provides ering additional designations in the which Margaree-Lake Ainslie area, protecting impor to contribute could values tant ecological of importantProtection lands natural reserves or nature as wilderness areas in striped bass is encouraging Increase fishery the closed recreational to inabilityApparent of smallmouth effects means negative breed bass to and land gaspereau trout, on brook locked minimized salmon are Helps protect biodiversity - - - Significant Actions, Research or Studies Research Actions, Significant conducts Salmon Association Margaree characteristics of flow inventory bank stabilization and erosion Stream Service Canada, Youth through control and Salmon Association Margaree Department and Oceans of Fisheries projects Pro the Special Places Amendments to used tection the process Act streamline in the identification and designation of and on private sites significant ecological lands crown of system a comprehensive for Planning areas protected on striped and small research Scientific mouth bass Ve the Off-highway Amendments to hicles Act - - Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Elements Description in rounded valleys: Concave-walled with significant floodplain; terfluves flat/rounded valleys: straight-walled with significant flood interfluves plain meandering; configuration: Stream lake Feeder lake systems: and riffle Pool oxbows; Depositional landforms: and undercuts landforms: erosional gorges zone lowland Riverine systems: zone lowland Riverine systems: Table 1 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Values Values Heritage Natural River Ainslie 1 Margaree-Lake Table Framework CHRS Natural & Sub- Themes (2001) themes Morphology 3 River Types Valley 3.1 Types 3.2 Channel 3.3 Channel Profile Landforms 3.4 Fluvial 4 Biotic Environments Ecosystems 4.1 Aquatic Ecosystems 4.1 Aquatic

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 11 - Changes or Threats to Nomination to Threats Changes or Value(s) ecological Helps maintain/improve integrity integrity ecological Improved Helps maintain fish populations while opportunities public edu offering for research cation and scientific quality of aquatic habitats Improved ecosystem to the entire beneficial are Helps protect biodiversity of importantProtection lands natural reserves or nature as wilderness areas Helps preserve integrity ecological and at First defoliation trace was There within which are Brooks, Second Fork watershed the river’s populations wildlife Maintain healthy integrity ecological ensure to - - Significant Actions, Research or Studies Research Actions, Significant Youth by habitat improvements Aquatic Service Canada and garbage pick-up Litter of Association Development Aquatic funding for (ADAM) secures Margaree and salmon stockingtrout programs in invests & Fisheries NS Agriculture ADAM and funds Adopt-a-Stream opportunities while creating programs, Province Salmon fishery. in the Atlantic and management of assumes ownership hatchery. Stream Salmon Association Margaree - bank sta Project habitat Improvement bilization and pool enhancement the Off-highway Amendments to Act Vehicles of system a comprehensive for Planning areas protected of Association Relocation of Snowmobile trail Scotia Nova black- of the defoliating Infestation Breton in the Cape headed budworm Highlands High Breton in Cape Moose research lands Trout mine near of barite Cancellation Brook Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Elements Description Maritime Atlantic Ecozone: Table 1 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Values Values Heritage Natural River Ainslie 1 Margaree-Lake Table Framework CHRS Natural & Sub- Themes (2001) themes Ecosystems Terrestrial 4.2

12 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - sites in sites Sclerophora peronella Sclerophora Changes or Threats to Nomination to Threats Changes or Value(s) populations of wildlife Enhancement “natural” support of the maintenance forests such as old growth ecosystems heritage and the protection of natural values ecological Helps maintain/improve integrity with Wilderness Areas Designation of helps protect watershed in the river’s 2 of the 3 Canada - ) listed as Special listed Martes americana ) have been sighted ) have Martes americana Significant Actions, Research or Studies Research Actions, Significant American marten ( efforts DNR to has led to by research ani releasing augment populations by American marten where areas mals into ( peronella Sclerophora COSEWIC by Concern Margaree Salmon association inventory Salmon association inventory Margaree vegetation of stream-side - - Carex Carex Caltha Caltha , , , and , Sclerophora pero Sclerophora Salix candida , , Rhynchospora capillacea Rhynchospora , , Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Elements Description Aquatic/Riparian plants: Black River plants: Aquatic/Riparian and salix spe carex species; IBP site dynamic old Trees: cies at Black River sugar maples growth rare: Provincially nella gynocrates palustris salmon and gaspereau Atlantic Fish: - Table 1 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Values Values Heritage Natural River Ainslie 1 Margaree-Lake Table Framework CHRS Natural & Sub- Themes (2001) themes 5 Vegetation 5 Com Plant 5.1 Significant munities 5.2 Rare Species Plant 5.2 Rare Species Plant 6 Fauna 6.1 Significant Animal Populations

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 13 - - Changes or Threats to Nomination to Threats Changes or Value(s) populations wildlife Maintain healthy integrity ecological ensure to populations wildlife Maintain healthy integrity. ecological ensure to American martenThe is one of Nova DNR is trying mammals; rarest Scotia’s marten releas numbers by improve to the wild. ing animals into Bret in the Cape only found are Lynx other high on Highlands and a few of the province. areas elevation - ) Martes americana Significant Actions, Research or Studies Research Actions, Significant Moose research the Gaspe is shrew Under COSEWIC, as no longer at risk listed American marten ( approximately DNR released research. including 30 American marten in 2007, and within the Brook Trout some around watershed. river’s endan Marten as provincially listed were in 2001. gered in 2002. as endangered listed were Lynx is being conducted by Ongoing research DNR - ) lynx and Martes americana Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Elements Description Gaspe Special concern: Mammals : American rare: regionally shrew; marten ( spe rare regionally Birds: vole. rock bald eagle cies: Table 1 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Natural Heritage Values Values Heritage Natural River Ainslie 1 Margaree-Lake Table Framework CHRS Natural & Sub- Themes (2001) themes 6.2 Rare Animal Species 14 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 6.2 Condition of Natural Values Since StoraEnso became NewPage and received Forest Designation Stewardship Council certification, which certifies and labels paper and wood products from re- Water quality monitoring began on the Margaree sponsibly managed forests and verified recycled River system in 2000 when a new hydrometric sources, while adhering to strict environmental sampling station was installed. The river is now and social guidelines. part of Nova Scotia’s Automated Water Quality Monitoring Program. Starting in 2007, Nova Scotia Environment became involved in watershed management planning, for There have been changes to the Off-highway this area.. This includes investigating how to imple- Vehicle Act and the Special Places Protection Act, ment current policy in collaboration with commu- which have meant stabilized or improved biodi- nities. versity and ecological integrity. Protected Areas planning offers protection to important natural lands - there are currently four wilderness areas 7.0 Cultural Heritage Values along the Margaree River system: Trout Brook; Margaree River; Jim Campbells Barrens; and Sug- 7.1 Background arloaf Mountain. A new national framework for cultural heritage values has been developed since the Margaree River system was designated in 1998: A Cultural Framework for Canadian Heritage Rivers, 2nd Edi- tion. 2000.

While the Margaree - Lake Ainslie was not nominated based on its cultural (human) heritage values, both the nomination document and the designation document (Partnership Strategy) recognize the rich cultural heritage of the region, and the strong cultural ties to the river. These include:

• Pre-contact Native history;

• Mi’kmaq use;

• Eurpean settlement;

Research initiatives in the area have increased • Natural resource use; and knowledge of moose, American marten (Martes americana) and Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) • Cultural attachments to sporting and recre- species and are useful in the development of ation. appropriate management strategies. There have been a number of improvements to aquatic A variety of cultural values are summarized in the habitat through the work of the Margaree Salm- following table according to the new cultural val- on Association and the Margaree-Lake Ainslie ues framework. The table also outlines significant Heritage River Society. Increased funding to the actions over the past ten years, and any changes to Aquatic Development Association of Margaree cultural heritage values. has led to improvements in stocks of trout and Atlantic salmon.

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 15 Changes or Threats to Value(s to Threats Changes or of and access storage Improved on local heritage information to None None None None None of and access storage Improved on local heritage information to of and access storage Improved on local heritage information to None of and access storage Improved on local heritage information to - Significant Actions, Re Actions, Significant or Studies search of inventory Computerized local heritage sites of inventory Computerized local heritage sites of inventory Computerized local heritage sites of inventory Computerized local heritage sites - - - - Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Cultural Heri Cultural Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Values tage Artifacts old have 3000-5000 years approximately Mar Margaree, Harbour, at Margaree been found and Scotsville Forks garee hunt contact for European used prior to Probably ing and fishing of the presence Maps 1864 and 1898 indicate from system along the river sawmills Not reported at time of designation Not reported at time of designation Joseph surveyed was in 1825 by area The the Surveyor General of British North Bouchette, America Artifacts old have 3000-5000 years approximately Mar Margaree, Harbour, at Margaree been found and Scotsville Forks garee Not described at time of designation Not described at time of designation - - Table 2 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Cultural Heritage Values Values Heritage Cultural River Ainslie 2 Margaree-Lake Table (2000) Framework CHRS Cultural Harvesting 1 Resource 1.1 Fishing Harvest Resource 1.2 Shoreline ing Water 1.3 Extraction of Transport Water 2 Transportation 2.1 Commercial Services Transportation 2.2 & Surveying2.3 Exploration 3 Riparian Settlement 3.1 Siting of Dwellings 3.2 River-based Communities Transporta 3.3 River influenced tion & Recreation 4 Culture 4.1 Spiritual Associations

16 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - - - Changes or Threats to Value(s to Threats Changes or of and access storage Improved on local heritage information to of public awareness Increased heritage values and pos aquatic life Improved angling improved sibility for capabilities None integ of ecological Protection rity and biodiversity quality moni water Improved toring - - - Significant Actions, Re Actions, Significant or Studies search of inventory Computerized local heritage sites signs produced Interpretive development Aquatic of Margaree Association a new funding for received The fish stocking program. own assumed has province ership and management of the hatchery. Wilder Designation of four ness Areas Installation of hydrometric sampling station - Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Cultural Heri Cultural Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Values tage salmon Angling for Not described at time of designation Not described at time of designation Not described at time of designation - Table 2 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Cultural Heritage Values Values Heritage Cultural River Ainslie 2 Margaree-Lake Table (2000) Framework CHRS Cultural Expression 4.2 Cultural 4.3 Early Recreation 5 Jurisdictional Uses 5.1 Conflict & MilitaryAssocia tions 5.2 Boundaries Regulation 5.3 Environmental

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 17 7.2 Condition of Cultural Values Since Ainslie was nominated are summarized below, ac- Designation cording to the Red River recreational values framework. Only improvements have been made to the cultural heritage values of the Margaree River system since its designation in 1998.

8.0 Recreation Values

8.1 Background & Status

The original nomination document and subsequent Partnership Strategy for the Margaree Lake Ainslie highlighted a range of recreational values that contributed to the river’s nomination. These included:

• Wilderness - solitude • Angling • River travel • Scenic appreciation • Hiking • Camping

Because there is no national framework for recreational values, the activities listed in the Red River Background Study were used: Canadian Heritage River System: Red River Background Study, 1998

The recreation values for which the Margaree Lake

18 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - - Changes or Threats to Nomination Value(s) Nomination to Threats Changes or None None None None None None integrity ecological Improve/maintain the closed to in striped bass encouraging Increase for smallmouth bass The inability fishery. recreational trout, effects on brook the negative minimizes breed to and landlockedgaspereau salmon eco Helps protectand maintain/improve biodiversity logical integrity opportuHelps maintain fish populations while offering research public education and scientific nities for - - - Significant Actions, Research Research Actions, Significant or Studies None None None None None None Salmon Associa Margaree of tion conducts inventory characteristics flow on striped and Research smallmouth bass habitat improve Aquatic ments Asso Development Aquatic secures ciation of Margaree and salmon trout funding for stocking programs - - - - - Original Margaree-Lake Ainslie Capability River Recreational Rating occurs along 80kmCanoeing and ranges corridor of the river class 3 interme to novice from diate Not discussed at time of desig nation paddling occurs on Lake Day Margaree, SW Margaree, Ainslie, and NE Margaree Not discussed at time of desig nation Not discussed at time of desig nation Not discussed at time of desig nation 54 named salmon are There - a angling pools on the river fraction of the actual number its native is known area The for salmon wildstock it rated non-residents In 1983, It is Scotia. in Nova the best river its for renowned internationally salmon angling opportunities - - ) Red River Red River Table 3 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Recreational Values Values Recreational River Ainslie 3 Margaree-Lake Table Capability Recreational & Sub-themes Themes from (adapted Study CHRS Background 1 Boating canoe, Whitewater 1.1 kayak & raft 1.2 Extended canoe trip & non-motor) ping (motor paddling & rowing 1.3 Day urban center) (from 1.4 High speed boating pleasure 1.5 Motorized cruising/houseboats boats tour 1.6 Commercial 2 Angling angling (from 2.1 Day urban center) angling (from Weekend 2.2 urban center) 2.3 Extended angling vaca tion

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 19 - - Changes or Threats to Nomination Value(s) Nomination to Threats Changes or See above See above See above None None None under improve would trails well-maintained Accessible, value recreational and increase standing of CHRS values opportunities impact regional low camp for Improved wilderness areas. ing in protected None - - Significant Actions, Research Research Actions, Significant or Studies See above See above See above None None None Development Area Margaree engaged in plan Association system trail ning a regional at Lake developed - trails and Sugarloaf Moun O’Law listed 6 trails are tain (there Tourism on the Margaree website) Association Designation of wilderness areas. None ------Original Margaree-Lake Ainslie Capability River Recreational Rating and NE Marga Margaree The fly-fishing only during are ree which runs from salmon season, OctoberJune 1 to 15 Not discussed at time of desig nation for speckled fish trout People white trout, brown (sea trout), smelt and rainbow perch Not discussed at time of desig nation Not discussed at time of desig nation Not discussed at time of desig nation signifi provincially are There cant opportunities hiking, for and wilder appreciation scenic especially along the ness travel, of complex valley steep-sided NE Margaree Opportunity camping within for the watershed. Not discussed at time of desig nation - ) Red River Red River Table 3 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Recreational Values Values Recreational River Ainslie 3 Margaree-Lake Table Capability Recreational & Sub-themes Themes from (adapted Study CHRS Background fishing 2.4 Fly fishing 2.5 Ice 2.6 Specific fish species Content Water 3 3.1 Swimming skiing Water 3.2 3.3 Snorkel/scuba Activities Associated Water 4 walk use (hiking, Trail 4.1 cycling) ing, 4.2 Camping 4.3 Hunting

20 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - - - Changes or Threats to Nomination Value(s) Nomination to Threats Changes or Helps preserve integrity ecological skiing for use this trail and snow be able to may People mobiling None ecologi ensure populations to wildlife Maintain healthy cal integrity populations support of wildlife Enhancement the main such as old growth ecosystems “natural” of tenance heritage values and the protection of natural forests integrity ecological Helps maintain/improve - Martes ) research. The The ) research. Significant Actions, Research Research Actions, Significant or Studies Relocation of Snowmobile Scotia of Nova Association trail Relocation of Snowmobile Scotia of Nova Association trail None in Cape Moose research Highlands Breton American marten ( americana marten as has been listed endangered provincially along with lynx Gaspe is no longer at shrew risk. Salmon Associa Margaree of stream-side tion inventory vegetation - - - - - Martes ameri ) lynx and rock vole. Birds: Birds: vole. ) lynx and rock Original Margaree-Lake Ainslie Capability River Recreational Rating Not discussed at time of desig was trail A snowmobile nation. protect Jim Camp to re-routed Wilderness Area bells Barrens Not discussed at time of desig nation Not discussed at time of desig nation Special concern: Mammals : rare: regionally Gaspe shrew; American marten ( cana bald species: rare regionally eagle salmon and gaspereau Fish: Black plants: Aquatic/Riparian and carex species; River IBP site Trees: salix species at Black River sugar dynamic old growth maples ) Red River Red River Table 3 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Recreational Values Values Recreational River Ainslie 3 Margaree-Lake Table Capability Recreational & Sub-themes Themes from (adapted Study CHRS Background Activities Winter 5 5.1 Snowmobiling/dog sledding 5.2 Cross-country skiing use urban center) (day 5.3 Skating (urban center) Heritage Appreciation 6 Natural Wildlife 6.1 Vegetation 6.2

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 21 8.2 Condition of recreation values Since Designation Table 4 summarizes the condition of the Marga- ree River System’s integrity since designation. The Improvements have been made to the recreation- integrity guidelines in this table are based on the al values of the Margaree River system since its Canadian Heritage Rivers System Principles, Proce- designation in 1998. dures and Operational Guidelines from 2001. The table also discusses improvements, threats and The Margaree Salmon Association conducted an changes to integrity guidelines. inventory of flow characteristics and stream-side vegetation; both will help maintain or improve ecological integrity. The group also had a Stream Habitat Improvement Project that worked to stabilize banks and enhance pools.

Research was conducted on smallmouth and striped bass, American marten (Martes americana), lynx and moose, which will help in planning and shows encouraging news for the recreational fishery. There were aquatic habitat improvements and trout and salmon stocking programs, which all help protect biodiversity.

The Margaree Area Development Association initiated regional trail system planning, which could lead to additional recreational value and increased awareness of CHRS values. A Snowmo- bile Association of Nova Scotia trail was relocated to help preserve ecological integrity in the area and had the potential benefit of being used as a cross-country ski trail.

A computerized inventory of local heritage sites such as churches, cemeteries and historic buildings has improved the long-term storage of, and access to, critical information on local heritage sites. New interpretive signs act as a valuable tool in public education and promotion of heritage values. There were discussions concerning the possibility of a self-guided tour of the Margaree- Lake Ainslie area, which would enhance people’s understanding of the area.

9.0 Integrity Guidelines

Natural, Cultural and Recreational integrity guidelines were all considered when the Margaree River System was nominated. However, only natural and recreational guidelines apply as the river was not nominated for its human heritage value.

22 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report Changes or Threats to River Integrity to Threats Changes or None ongoing quality is critical to monitoring Water and has been health, assessments of the river’s local efforts through and installation improved of the permanent sampling station. of areas monitoring Improved None None quality indicates monitoring water Continued uncontaminated remains that the water None - - - - - Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Integrity Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Guideline(s) is Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System The 120km with a in length and free-flowing It is the basin of 116,537.5 hectares. drainage and one Breton on Cape system river largest largest. Scotia’s of Nova and is unimpaired ecosystem river’s The and flora. wildlife abundant fish, produces quality guide meets water system river The and aquatic life for CCREM lines endorsed by recreation. desig were Wilderness Areas In 1998 four Trout Sugarloaf Mountain, in the area: nated and Margaree Barrens Jim Campbells Brook, River with no im is free-flowing river entire The poundments No impoundments exist outside of the nomi sectionnated quality the Margaree-Lake data shows Water water meets Canadian Ainslie River System aquatic life. freshwater quality guidelines for over never land uses have and present Past 30% Approximately whelmed the Margaree. is in wilderness condition. system of the river Not discussed at time of nomination - - - Table 4 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Integrity System River Ainslie 4 Margaree-Lake Table Guidlines & Operational Procedures CHRS Principles, (2001) Values Integrity 3.3.1 Natural sectionto include nominated The is of sufficient size pro of all the natural representations significant the or other phenomena which give features, cesses, value its outstanding natural river section nominated The includes those ecosystem to the significantly which contribute components species in need of protection of habitat for provision no human-made impoundments within are There sectionthe nominated are components All key elements and ecosystem outside the impoundments located by unaffected sectionnominated section nominated the in uncontaminat is water The is the extent aquatic ecosystem ed to that its natural intact aesthetic character of the nominated natural The human by, affected or not adversely section of, is free developments Values Integrity 3.3.2 Cultural sectionto include nominated The is of sufficient size ac features, of all the representations significant its the river tivities or other phenomena which give value outstanding cultural

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 23 Changes or Threats to River Integrity to Threats Changes or taking quality is now monitoring place Water None NSFA MSA, ADAM, Efforts underway DNR, are by fish stocks improve and DFO to Railings Harbour bridge are on the Margaree bridge also The unobstructed views. offer to low a walking/bikingfeatures its enhance lane to value recreational ------Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Integrity Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Guideline(s) Not discussed at time of nomination Not discussed at time of nomination Not discussed at time of nomination cur Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System The qualitywater character meets all five rently istics of importance use of the recreational to as endorsed non-contact recreation for water It contact recre is also suitable for CCREM. by ation. re internationally provides system The salmon angling opportunitiesnowned along significant wilderness travel with provincially is of system entire The opportunities. and trail is under Canoeing value. outstanding scenic of which the SW por on the system, utilized 23-26 kilometers tion offers of uninterrupted canoeing. has supported system river a salmon The sport fisheryrec the 1800s and other since uses without significant loss of or reational or aesthetic historical impact on its natural, commercial is also a significant There values. fishery. gaspereau - - - - - Table 4 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Integrity System River Ainslie 4 Margaree-Lake Table Guidlines & Operational Procedures CHRS Principles, (2001) section visual character of the nominated The en of at least one appreciation ables uninterrupted importance historical the periods of river’s keyThe artifacts the cultural comprising and sites unim are is nominated which the river for values impoundments and human land uses by paired quality section of the nominated water does The not detract the visual character or the cultural from values its cultural by provided experience Values Integrity 3.3.3 Recreational of a quality suitable for possesses water river The including those recre activities, contact recreational ational opportunities which it is nominated for is capable of provid visual appearance river’s The experi natural with a continuous travellers ing river experience, and cultural natural or a combined ence, by modern human without significant interruption intrusions is capable of supporting river uses The recreational its natural or impact on, without significant loss of, or its visual character values and cultural

24 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 10.0 Review of Management Plan Objectives

Management goals and objectives for the Mar- garee-Lake Ainslie River were outlined in 1996, as a part of the CHRS nomination process, in The Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian Heritage River Partnership Strategy. The creation of the partnership strategy allowed the Margaree-Lake Ainslie River to be designated in 1998.

Table 5 lists the management plan recommendations and reports on the degree of achievement by government and other groups.

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 25 - ) exists within Sclerophora peronella Sclerophora Actions geol Geological bedrock The three Survey produced of Canada the Margaree-Lake which cover 1997, 1996 to ogy maps from 3059) 3253, 3254, (GSC Open files: Ainslie System are there protection; umbrella gives Program Areas Protected in the protected and points of interest geological features many watershed within the river’s Wilderness Areas Protecting Scotia: land in Nova conservation Nature on private Land brochure Private of NSEL Branch Areas the Protected by produced Wilderness surveys during vegetative used for were Transects surveysby staff ecologist included field visits planning; Area whiskers lichen ( Frosted-glass Wilderness Areas, River and Sugarloaf Mountain the Margaree lichen The 2 of its 3 knownwhich represent locations in Canada. on the Status of the Committee by as Special Concern is listed in Canada. Wildlife Endangered - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, On-going Partial Initiated On-going - - - - participation in stewardship voluntary Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership Values Heritage Natural Geology study of the earth Conduct a background history i. provide to of the Margaree-Lake Ainslie watershed of the features of significant geological an inventory area watershed and manage outstanding geological fea Protect ii. Land as neces on Crown and points of interest tures sary character and integrity, maintain their natural to enable their interpretation and to of outstanding geolog landowners private Inform iii. and encour on their property, situated ical features of their character and integrity age the maintenance through which might become and other incentives programs, available Vegetation Conduct a botanical survey identify uncommon, to i. unique or otherwisevegetation significant rare,

26 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - - Actions vegetation on significant protect ecologically Wilderness Areas land. Crown the leading to planning process systems areas protected The steps. 2015 includes several by protection of 12% the province forestry assisting leading government involves first step The the Colin through organizations, and environmental companies conservation lands identify high value to Forum, Stewart Forest the impacts offset of land needed to measures and mitigative will include Subsequent steps protection on the forestry industry. and revisions, and public reviews, stakeholder, wider government, a final protected leading to ultimately analysis, socio-economic plan. areas Protecting Scotia: land in Nova conservation Nature on private Branch Areas the Protected by produced Land brochure Private of NSEL the associated for been written No management plans have wilderness areas. Margaree-Lake Ainslie Cana DFO, Salmon Association, Margaree rehabilita on stream all worked dian Heritage River Society have tion efforts. - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, / On-going Partial Initiated none Partial ------Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership sig with ecologically and manage sites Protect ii. Land as necessaryvegetation on Crown to nificant and to character and integrity, maintain their natural enable their interpretation vegeta of significant landowners private Inform iii. on their property the features and encourage tive of their character and integrity through maintenance voluntary participation programs, in stewardship available which might become and other incentives respon community-based group proposed The iv. implementation participatesible for in the manage Protected the Candidate for ment planning process Areas Fish habitat survey im for Conduct a comprehensive i. portant and angling fish species in the commercial survey identify the importantThe would watershed. with respect to ecosystem of the river components protec require that and identify critical areas fish life maintain fish populations. to tion and restoration

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 27 - - - - ), a provincially endangered endangered a provincially ), Martes americana Actions these ends toward work DFO & DNR fisheries officers of the fishery closure for complete was there 2000, 1996 to From of the for two fishing periods and half-day per week days three been periodic clo have there then, Since days. remaining four sures. 1997 - 2000 River Gaspereau Fishery, of the Margaree Assessment and Oceans report Fisheries published by highlights the program The is in effect. Program Watch NS River importance observation, about proper of habitat while teaching and reportingresourc recording of violations affecting fisheries es. Services Salmon Association and the Margaree Canada Youth of habitat require public awareness increase to worked have upon these areas improve people to while encouraging ments, deter which sought to program a research NSDNR sponsored of distribution and habitat requirements mine population size, American marten ( and marten in place plan is now populations A recovery species. populations of wildlife enhancement The being augmented. are which help ecosystems, “natural” of the maintenance encourage associated heritage values protect the integrity of the natural with the river - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, On-going On-going Partial On-going Complete Partial ------Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership the full enhance possible, and where Continue ii. (enhancement, of management programs range and habitat restoration assessment, enforcement, maintain fish species and popula conservation) to tions manage possible enhance and where Continue iii. a sustainable com for ment policies which allow fishery gaspereau mercial spawning and adequate Lakeescapement to Ainslie population as biological sampling for Continue iv. escape spawning adequate determine sessment to historyment and studies on the early life of gas chemical physical, to in Lakepereau Ainslie relative of the ecosystem and biological components or similar Program, an Adopt-A-Stream Encourage v. of habitat public awareness increase to initiative in and other species to trout for requirements community participationcrease in efforts improve to habitats Mammals & Birds Survey mammal populations and their distri rare i. and identify associated butions in the watershed habitat requirements

28 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - Actions the Marga around been designated have wilderness areas Four Sugarloaf Barrens, Jim Campbells Lakeree Ainslie River System: Wilderness Areas River and Margaree Brook Trout Mountain, American marten changes in forestry plan has led to recovery activities American marten changes in forestry plan has led to recovery Stora-Enso). activities New page (formerly by and watchers bird DNR, of bald eagles by Ongoing monitoring program) (5 year Atlas the Maritime Bird Breeding a developed have groups and local stewardship NS Environment and identified Wilderness Area, hiking at Sugarloaf Mountain trail opportunities.other trail - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, Partial On-going Initiated On-going On-going - - - - - participation voluntary Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership mammal habitat identi and manage rare Protect ii. resource appropriate Land through fied on Crown planning and management processes mammal habi of rare landowners private Inform iii. on their propertytat situated the and encourage of this through maintenance which and other incentives programs, in stewardship available might become the moni possible enhance and where Continue iv. popula of eagle and other significant bird toring tions and the protection of nesting sites Values Recreational & Hiking Wilderness opportuni and protect outstanding trail Inventory i. Land ties on Crown

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 29 - - - - Actions and the Margaree- Association Development Area Margaree on worked Lake Heritage River society Ainslie Canadian have with agreement NSE has a right-of-way hikingdeveloping trails. Sugarloaf a hiking to Portree for from trail allow to M-LACHRS Wilderness Area aquatic habitat stocks; of fish and monitoring research Scientific maintaining fish hatch quality monitoring; water improvements; Development ery Aquatic for and new funding agreement site has been devel center An interpretive of Margaree. Association at salmon pools signage has been placed oped at the hatchery, a fishing has produced Salmon Association and the Margaree pools map. the Marga which runs through Trail, Viewpoints along the Cabot of the travel the enjoyment been opened up for have Valley, ree ling public. in no trace leave people to encourages Wild brochure Keep ItThe wilderness areas. - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, On-going On-going Partial Partial None - Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership and support Encourage local community groups ii. in order development take in trail to the lead role significant hiking of provincially taketo advantage properties offer private Where in the area. potential efforts should be made quality opportunities, trail the from development trail obtain permission for to participation landowner Any involved. landowners be voluntary. would Angling the high efforts maintain and enhance to Continue i. opportunities of traditional standard with associated angling Appreciation Scenic and look-off sites identify scenic Conduct a study to i. of particularlydocument areas value high scenic and voluntary information guidelines Develop ii. impacts the potential minimize of activitiesto that of the area value the scenic reduce could & Boating Canoeing opportu identify appropriate Conduct a study to i. and egress to access and convenient safe nities for and lake the river from

30 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - Actions Associa Tourism signage projectthe Margaree by Interpretive heritage of the river’s public appreciation tion will improve values Wild brochure Keep It brochure Etiquette Angler’s Salmon Association’s Margaree a map developed Scotia of Nova Association Snowmobilers The the Northeast it applies to Scotia; in Nova trails of snowmobile watershed which is in the river’s Barren, of Jim Campbells corner Wild brochure Keep It - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, Initiated Initiated Partial None None wilderness for Complete areas. - - - - - Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership the canoeing and boating infrastructure Develop ii. and associated points, access/egress for provide to and educa information for signage and brochures be established on would Facilities tional purposes. possi where Lands and public rights-of-way Crown land and at priority locations on existing private ble, voluntarythrough with the pertinent agreement landowner(s). and sig information clear and accurate Develop iii. user and responsible informed encourage nage to activity Recreation Outdoor Winter op recreational winter efforts develop to Continue i. portunities user information and associated Camping identify to Conduct a detailed planning exercise i. high-quality camping oppor potential nature-based tunities in the Margaree-Lake Ainslie area quality provide to initiatives private Encourage ii. camping nature-based for of etiquette on codes information Develop iii. campers Values Heritage Cultural

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 31 Actions of local heritage sites inventory Computerized develop $37200 to received Association Tourism Margaree The the system plan for and implement an interpretive established is now Visitor Center Hatchery Margaree The local Services to included presentations Projects Canada Youth school groups Rivers Canadian on the Great featured River was Margaree both the that represent rivers which chronicled series, television heritage of Canada and cultural natural NS about Tourism discussion with and NSE initiated MLACHRS sponsorship of a self-guided heritage tour as needed MLACHRS by is reviewed Information - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, Partial Initiated / partial Complete. Partial Initiated On-going - - - Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership heritage study of the Margaree- Conduct a cultural i. look at people, study would This Lake Ainslie Area. and develop and buildings, sites events, historical the cultural interpret be used to themes which could both in schools and public heritage of the area programs. information Interpretation planning study for Conduct a detailed interpretive i. the Margaree-Lake Ainslie System the develop study regarding Conduct a feasibility ii. ment of a heritage center educational opportunities Identify and develop iii. system with the river associated educational opportunities Identify and develop iii. system with the river associated & Marketing Development Tourism Opportunities & Impacts of plan and marketing tourism a strategic Prepare i. with the Margaree-Lake Ainslie area, for strategy a particular on the establishment of oppor focus facilities and services enhance that would tunities, and support or eco-tourism, tourism nature-based before that facilities must be in place recognizing marketing review implementation group Community-based ii. informa and locally produced provincially nationally, Heritage tion on the Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian River Integrity General Quality & Quantity Water

32 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report Actions sampling station installed on the river. New hydrometric Services the public on projects educate Canada to worked Youth involvement the public’s ensure quality to monitoring water station a transfer is now Kenloch landfill site sampling station installed on the river. New hydrometric On- quality testing. local water kits for purchased were Testing staff. provincial through is available going guidance the permitting process through has been done informally This Salmon construction efforts the Margaree and through for by and of Margaree Association Development Aquatic Association, Services projects Canada Youth - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, On-going Complete On-going No changes On-going ------participation in steward voluntary Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership quality and quantity water Establish a co-ordinated i. the Margaree-Lake Ainslie for program monitoring watershed. close Kenloch landfill decisions to Act on recent ii. set aside this to in order as soon possible, site action include moni This would of concern. source alterna closed and developing once the site toring management. solid waste methods for tive quality community-based moni water Encourage iii. with local schools, amongst others, involving toring, agencies facilitating efforts government responsible equipment and sup of expertise, provision through port funding as required. South Maintainof the Northeast, the main stems iv. unob Rivers as a free-flowing and Margaree west dams and diversions from free structed system, Activities Land Use Buildings & Development of the importance landowners of private Inform i. to with regards along the river buffers vegetative and en prevention, bank stabilization and erosion on their own the establishment of buffers courage through initiative, or with the benefit of other incen ship agreements, available which might become tives

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 33 - - Actions the Marga around been designated have wilderness areas Four Sugarloaf Barrens, Jim Campbells Lakeree Ainslie River System: Wilderness Areas River and Margaree Brook Trout Mountain, DNR. is ongoing through Planning Resource Integrated NSE is working with community stakeholders of on the creation repre of government consisting Panel” Watershed “Margaree a act stakeholder and business to groups as a forum sentatives, the on issues affecting the river, discussion and cooperation for and its residents. watershed NS Department the following The has produced of Agriculture Scotia Nova Regulations Handbook for Environmental resources: the Application of Non- for of Practice Codes (2004); Agriculture Siting (NAOW) Land; Wastes on Agricultural Organic Agricultural and Manure Scotia; in Nova and Management of Hog Farms Management Guidelines (April 2006) - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, / Ongoing Complete Initiated On-going - Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership directly fronting Land parcels Manage Crown ii. and lake support to the river the objectives of the of future The Margaree-Lake Ainslie Heritage River. be addressed would Land in the watershed all Crown where areas, the designation of protected through resource the integrated and through warranted, management plan towards as a first step Request the Municipality, iii. provide to Strategy, a Municipal Planning preparing the the community regarding to information more of a Municipal implications and potential process, in support By-law and Land Use Strategy Planning Municipal The conservation objectives. ing river and which is separate is a process Strategy Planning apart Heritage River designation the Canadian from public consultation. extensive for and provides Agriculture environmentally-sound efforts foster to Continue i. compliance and encourage practices, agricultural guidelines with associated 34 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report Actions Bank stabilization has taken place the However, plan at the moment. is no comprehensive There deal with this to has potential Panel Watershed Margaree Bank stabilization has taken place Managementin Plan Resource an Integrated DNR developed it looked management frameworks. at long-range 1999; certification. Council Stewardship Forestry NewPage Crown licensed management plan for has a long-range NewPage land. habitats wildlife and protectionDNR policy to regulation offers and watercourses certification. Council Stewardship Forestry NewPage - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, / On-going Partial On-going / On-going Complete On-going - - - - Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership plan control erosion a comprehensive Develop ii. highly- set priorities for plan would This the river. for salmon pools, as for as well land, agricultural valued while also conserv structures and roads, buildings, An important functionsing the natural of the river. establish criteria be to objective of the plan would and set priorities aimed at ensuring that available maximum to funding can be utilized control erosion advantage control erosion pressing address to Continue iii. problems Forestry management plan resource an integrated Prepare i. use activities on Crown guide land and resource to be com plan would This Land within the watershed. such as values all resource in recognizing prehensive a high prior and place and wildlife, minerals forestry, and of biological diversity ity on the maintenance integrity of the watershed. the ecological man resource methods in the integrated Consider ii. agement plan of harvesting aimed at minimizing impacts quality downstream and on water potential scheduling and consider system, quantity in the river portionsof harvesting that large ensure to of forest as short over periods of time, not removed are cover It is necessary to one important aspect in this regard. use harvesting the integrity of methods that ensure the ecosystem.

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 35 - - - Actions habitats wildlife and protectionDNR policy to regulation offers and watercourses Crown licensed management plan for has a long-range NewPage land. habitats wildlife and protectionDNR policy to regulation offers practice and sustain of forest DNR has codes and watercourses. able forestry regulations via the envi mining proposals input into NSE and the public give assessment process ronmental via the envi mining proposals input into NSE and the public give assessment process ronmental Department the Federal by governed which are Regulations, change annually based on population and Oceans, of Fisheries analyses - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, Partial / Ongoing Partial On-going On-going On-going ------Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership Guidelines and Stan Review the Forest/Wildlife iii. management plan resource in the integrated dards and establish guidelines as necessary maintain for slopes on Crown integrity of steep ing the ecological Lands and land users to landowners private Encourage iv. Guidelines and Stan existing Forest/Wildlife follow on the impact them with information Provide dards. of harvestingas general slopes as well on steep man forest between on the relationship information agement activity and the integrity of the watershed. management on steep new guidelines for Develop Theses consultation. landowner slopes with private private for be recommended new guidelines would forest funding for government lands which receive lands private other on encouraged and management Mining ex and aggregate petroleum mineral, Evaluate i. to traction proposals and subsequent reclamation integrity of and recreational the ecological ensure Heritage River the Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian watershed and surrounding system which the river for the values Recognize ii. Heritage River in En as a Canadian nominated was Impactvironmental undertaken Assessments in the watershed. Fishing Commercial voluntary efforts develop housekeep to Continue i. and associated fishing, gaspereau ing guidelines for and upkeep. maintenance site

36 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report - - - Actions the hatchery has acquired on the Northeast province The Marga River ree Services proj Salmon Association and Margaree Canada Youth at the Interpretation The awareness. river helped raise ects have fish hatchery understanding. better has also created act to panel has potential on this objec Watershed Margaree The tive. - Degree of Achievement (Ini Degree of Achievement Addressed, On-going, tiated, Complete) Partial, On-going On-going Initiated ------steward and the voluntary Aquaculture Act Aquaculture Table 5 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River Management Plan Recommendations and Current Status and Current Plan Recommendations Management River Ainslie 5 Margaree-Lake Table A Heritage River: Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian (1996) Strategy Partnership of aquaculture development the orderly Continue ii. and proce under the provisions in the watershed in the contained dures process review licensing Information & Landowner Land User land users and landown agencies, All government i. and disseminate develop to in cooperation ers work the knowledge increase to and under information standing of functions within and interconnections of impacts awareness Increased ecosystem. the river will and land uses activities system on the river make to informed enable land users and landowners activities day to day decisions regarding land for information clear and concise Produce ii. options for to in regards owners These conservation. river to relating ship agreements simple hand from voluntary range options would management agree formal shake to agreements par to be encouraged would Landowners ments. practice and to agreements, in stewardship ticipate initiative conservation on their own Values of CHRS Assessment Annual

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 37 11.0 Summary and Conclusions

The Margaree-Lake Ainslie River remains a scenic area that is highly valued by local residents and visitors to Nova Scotia. Much of the activity that has taken place along the river has been focussed on aquatic habitat improvements, research, and public education initiatives. The river is well- known by anglers because of its Atlantic salmon and gaspereau fisheries. The river continues to tie together many residents and landowners, with growing engagement by public, government, and businesses partners in enhancing the river’s many positive attributes.

This report has determined that the heritage and recreational values of the Margaree Lake Ainslie River System remain intact, or have been improved upon, since the river’s designation. Based on this report, the Margaree Lake Ainslie River System is deemed worthy of continued designation as a river of national significance within the Canadian Heritage Rivers System.

38 Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 12.0 References

Canadian Heritage Rivers System

A Cultural Framework for Canadian Heritage Rivers, 2nd Edition. 2000

A Framework for the Natural Values of Canadian Heritage Rivers, 2nd Edition. 2001

Principles, Procedures and Operational Guidelines. 2001

Forest Stewardship Council Canada website

www.fsccanada.org

Hilderman Thomas Frank Cram

Canadian Heritage River System Red River Background Study. 1998

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System Advisory Committee

Margaree-Lake Ainslie Canadian Heritage River: A Partnership Strategy. 1996

Nova Scotia Department of Lands and Forests

Canadian Heritage Rivers System Nomination Document - Margaree-Lake Ainslie River System. 1991

Rutherford, L.A. and Associates

Nova Scotia CHRS Background Study - Margaree River System - Study River Reports/Maps. 1988

Margaree-Lake Ainslie River - CHRS 10-year Monitoring Report 39