Greek Goddess of Ice and Snow
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Athenians and Eleusinians in the West Pediment of the Parthenon
ATHENIANS AND ELEUSINIANS IN THE WEST PEDIMENT OF THE PARTHENON (PLATE 95) T HE IDENTIFICATION of the figuresin the west pedimentof the Parthenonhas long been problematic.I The evidencereadily enables us to reconstructthe composition of the pedimentand to identify its central figures.The subsidiaryfigures, however, are rath- er more difficult to interpret. I propose that those on the left side of the pediment may be identifiedas membersof the Athenian royal family, associatedwith the goddessAthena, and those on the right as membersof the Eleusinian royal family, associatedwith the god Posei- don. This alignment reflects the strife of the two gods on a heroic level, by referringto the legendary war between Athens and Eleusis. The recognition of the disjunctionbetween Athenians and Eleusinians and of parallelism and contrastbetween individualsand groups of figures on the pedimentpermits the identificationof each figure. The referenceto Eleusis in the pediment,moreover, indicates the importanceof that city and its majorcult, the Eleu- sinian Mysteries, to the Athenians. The referencereflects the developmentand exploitation of Athenian control of the Mysteries during the Archaic and Classical periods. This new proposalfor the identificationof the subsidiaryfigures of the west pedimentthus has critical I This article has its origins in a paper I wrote in a graduateseminar directedby ProfessorJohn Pollini at The Johns Hopkins University in 1979. I returned to this paper to revise and expand its ideas during 1986/1987, when I held the Jacob Hirsch Fellowship at the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. In the summer of 1988, I was given a grant by the Committeeon Research of Tulane University to conduct furtherresearch for the article. -
The Lyre of Thamyris
THE LYRE OF THAMYRIS In Greek mythology, Thamyris (Greek: Θάμυρις, Thámuris), son of Philammon and the nymph Argiope, was a Thracian singer who was so proud of his skill that he boasted he could out sing the Muses. He competed against them and lost - as punishment for his presumption they blinded him, and took away his ability to make poetry and to play the lyre. The outline of the story is told in the Iliad. This piece attempts to evoke the particularly poignant feel of this gem of haunting ancient Greek mythology, in the intense and sorrowful ancient Greek Hypodorian Mode, in the clear focus of musical intervals authentically tuned in geometrically pure just intonation. The Hypordorian mode was misnamed in the Middle Ages, the “Aeolian Mode”. The names of musical modes in use today, (e.g. Dorian, Mixolydian etc.) although having the same names as the original Greek musical modes, were actually misnamed during the Middle Ages! Apparently, the Greeks counted intervals from top to bottom. When medieval ecclesiastical scholars tried to interpret the ancient texts, they counted from bottom to top, jumbling the information. The misnamed medieval modes are only distinguished by the ancient Greek modes of the same name, by being labelled “Church Modes”. It was due to a misinterpretation of the Latin texts of Boethius, that medieval modes were given these wrong Greek names. The original ancient Greek Hypodorian Mode has the equivalent intervals as A- A on the white notes of the piano. This intense and distinctively mournful mode, sometimes referred to as the ‘natural minor’, is actually the basis of all the modern minor scales we now use. -
Seeing Gods: Epiphany and Narrative in the Greek Novels
Seeing Gods: Epiphany and Narrative in the Greek Novels ROBERT L. CIOFFI Bard College The Greek world was full of the divine, and the imagined world of the ancient novels was no different.1 Divinity and its worship pervade the novels’ narra- tives, helping to unite, drive apart, and then reunite their protagonists. In this paper, I explore the relationship between ancient religion and literature, the transformation of literary tradition, and the place of the marvelous in the nov- els’ narratives by examining the role that one aspect of the human experience of the gods, epiphany, plays in the genre. Although the novelists describe very few scenes of actual epiphany,2 they make abundant use of the epiphanic met- aphor in what I will call “epiphanic situations,” when an internal audience reacts to the hero or, most often, the heroine of the novel as if he or she were a god or goddess. These epiphanic situations transform the common metaphor of divine beauty into a reality, at least as experienced by the internal audience,3 and they offer the novelists an alternative to ekphrasis for expressing ineffable beauty. ————— 1 Zeitlin 2008, 91 writes: “The novels are full of: temples, shrines, altars, priests, rituals and offerings, dreams (or oracles), prophecies, divine epiphanies, aretalogies, mystic language and other metaphors of the sacred (not forgetting, in addition, exotic barbarian rites).” 2 In the novels, mortals are most frequently visited by divinities during dreams: e.g., Chari- ton 2,3; X. Eph. 1,12; Longus 1,7-8, 2,23, 2,26-27, 3,27, 4,34; Ach. -
Martial's and Juvenal's Attitudes Toward Women Lawrence Phillips Davis
University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Master's Theses Student Research 5-1973 Martial's and Juvenal's attitudes toward women Lawrence Phillips Davis Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/masters-theses Recommended Citation Davis, Lawrence Phillips, "Martial's and Juvenal's attitudes toward women" (1973). Master's Theses. Paper 454. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MARTIAL' S AND JUVENAL' S ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN BY LAWRENCE PHILLIPS DAVIS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF RICHMOND IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF·ARTS IN ANCIENT LANGUAGES MAY 1973 APPROVAL SHEET of Thesis PREFACE The thesis offers a comparison between the views of Martial and Juvenal toward women based on selected .Epigrams of the former and Satire VI of the latter. Such a comparison allows the reader to place in perspective the attitudes of both authors in regard to the fairer sex and reveals at least a portion of the psychological inclination of both writers. The classification of the selected Epigrams ·and the se lected lines of Satire VI into categories of vice is arbi- . trary and personal. Subjective interpretation of vocabulary and content has dictated the limits and direction of the clas sification. References to scholarship regarding the rhetori cal, literary, and philosophic influences on Martial and Ju venal can be found in footnote6 following the chapter concern-· ~ng promiscuity. -
Classical Reception in Contemporary Women's
CLASSICAL RECEPTION IN CONTEMPORARY WOMEN’S WRITING: EMERGING STRATEGIES FROM RESISTANCE TO INDETERMINACY by POLLY STOKER A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Classics, Ancient History, and Archaeology School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham April 2019 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The reader who rewrites remains a vital interlocutor between the classical past and the modern classicist. However, the neglect of the female reader in classical reception studies is an omission that becomes ever more conspicuous, and surely less sustainable, as women writers continue to dominate the contemporary creative field. This thesis makes the first steps towards fashioning a new aesthetic model for the female reader based on irony, ambivalence, and indeterminacy. I consider works by Virginia Woolf, Alice Oswald, Elizabeth Cook, and Yael Farber, all of whom largely abandon ‘resistance’ as a strategy of rereading and demand a new theoretical framework that can engage with and recognize the multivalence of women’s reading and rewriting. -
Kilden Til Jeppe Paa Bierget
Kilden til Jeppe paa Bierget Gunnar Sivertsen Aarhus Universitetsforlag | a 85350_jeppe_.indd 3 17‑11‑2010 10:52:35 Kilden til Jeppe paa Bierget © Forfatteren og Aarhus Universitetsforlag 2010 Tilrettelægning: Jørgen Sparre Omslag: Harvey Macaulay Trykt hos Narayana Press Printed in Denmark 2010 ISBN 978 87 7934 628 4 Aarhus Universitetsforlag Fax 89 42 53 80 www.unipress.dk Århus Langelandsgade 177 8200 Århus N København Tuborgvej 164 2400 København NV Bogen er udgivet med støtte fra Den Hielmstierne‑Rosencroneske Stiftelse, Institusjonen Fritt Ord, Lillian og Dan Finks Fond, Nordisk institutt for studier av innovasjon, forskning og utdan‑ ning og Norges forskningsråd. 85350_jeppe_.indd 4 17‑11‑2010 10:52:35 Forord Ludvig Holbergs Jeppe paa Bierget bygger på hovedhandlingen i Jakob Bidermanns (1578‑1639) latinske roman Utopia (1640), som skildrer en karnevalsfeiring hvor man gjør en bonde til narrefyrste. Holberg nevner selv lånet fra Bidermann i komediens førsteutgave (1723). I 1806 gjendiktet den første Holberg‑forskeren, Knud Lyne Rahbek (1760‑1830), Bidermanns hovedhandling som en kort og tilsynelatende sammenhengende anek‑ dote på dansk. Gjennom to hundre år har Holberg‑forskere trodd at Rahbeks anek‑ dote er en “oversettelse” og lest den i stadig nye utgaver. Det direkte kjennskapet til Bidermanns roman har vært svakt. I denne boken presenterer jeg en ny og mer direkte oversettelse av kilden til Jeppe paa Bierget. Latindikteren Bidermann og hans forfatterskap introduseres, og jeg gir en inngående tolkning av Utopia. To hundre års Holberg‑forskning gjen‑ nomgås for å oppklare de misforståelsene som Rahbeks anekdote har medført. Dermed legger jeg et nytt grunnlag for å undersøke hvordan Holbergs komedie er skapt i dialog med en annen dikters tekst. -
Eumolpos and the Wars of Athens , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:3 (1983:Autumn) P.197
SIMMS, ROBERT M., Eumolpos and the Wars of Athens , Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies, 24:3 (1983:Autumn) p.197 Eumolpos and the Wars of Athens Robert M Simms NCIENT TRADITION recalled two great early wars between Ath A ens and her neighbor Eleusis. Of these, the later was associated with Theseus, who captured Eleusis from the Megarians under Diokles and Skiron: although attested only by Megarian sources (Plut. Thes. 10), this conquest is perhaps related to the synoikismos of Attica which was regarded as Theseus' signal achievement.1 The earlier war, on the other hand, is much more fully attested than that of Theseus: it is placed in the time of Erechtheus,2 and is represented as the heroic defense of Athens against an invading force from Eleusis under the command of Eumolpos. This war too is sometimes said to have re sulted in the annexation of Eleusis by Athens. Scholars generally agree 3 that these legends reflect one or more historical wars, but have disagreed about their number, sequence, and nature.4 The present study will approach these questions by a different route, viz. the com plex and self-contradictory legend of Eumolpos. We begin by cataloguing the versions (I, II, etc.) and variants (A, B, etc.) of this legend, combining and enlarging upon the work of Kern5 and Jacoby.6 Our approach will entail an attempt to attribute each version and suggest its age. 1 Thuc. 2.1S.1, Philoch. FGrHist 328F107, Andron IOFI4. For a good discussion of scholarship on the synoikismos see R. A. Padgug, GRBS 13 (1972) 13S-S0, and see now S. -
A Dictionary of Mythology —
Ex-libris Ernest Rudge 22500629148 CASSELL’S POCKET REFERENCE LIBRARY A Dictionary of Mythology — Cassell’s Pocket Reference Library The first Six Volumes are : English Dictionary Poetical Quotations Proverbs and Maxims Dictionary of Mythology Gazetteer of the British Isles The Pocket Doctor Others are in active preparation In two Bindings—Cloth and Leather A DICTIONARY MYTHOLOGYOF BEING A CONCISE GUIDE TO THE MYTHS OF GREECE AND ROME, BABYLONIA, EGYPT, AMERICA, SCANDINAVIA, & GREAT BRITAIN BY LEWIS SPENCE, M.A. Author of “ The Mythologies of Ancient Mexico and Peru,” etc. i CASSELL AND COMPANY, LTD. London, New York, Toronto and Melbourne 1910 ca') zz-^y . a k. WELLCOME INS77Tint \ LIBRARY Coll. W^iMOmeo Coll. No. _Zv_^ _ii ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INTRODUCTION Our grandfathers regarded the study of mythology as a necessary adjunct to a polite education, without a knowledge of which neither the classical nor the more modem poets could be read with understanding. But it is now recognised that upon mythology and folklore rests the basis of the new science of Comparative Religion. The evolution of religion from mythology has now been made plain. It is a law of evolution that, though the parent types which precede certain forms are doomed to perish, they yet bequeath to their descendants certain of their characteristics ; and although mythology has perished (in the civilised world, at least), it has left an indelible stamp not only upon modem religions, but also upon local and national custom. The work of Fruger, Lang, Immerwahr, and others has revolutionised mythology, and has evolved from the unexplained mass of tales of forty years ago a definite and systematic science. -
Remains of Old Latin; Newly Edited and Translated
THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOODED BY JAMES LOEB, LL.D. EDITED BY T. E. PAGE, C.H., Lirr.D. E. CAPPS, PH.D., LL.D. W. H. D. ROUSE, liit.d. REMAINS OF OLD LATIN I ENNIUS AND CAECILIUS EEMAINS OF OLD LATIN newly edited axd translated by E7%.AVaRMINGT0N, m.a. RKAOER IN ANTIKST HISTORY, UNIVERSITY OF LONDON, king's COLLEGE (in three volumes y I ENNIUS AND CAECILIUS CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD MCMXXXV ?A Printed in Great Britain — CONTENTS PAOK INTEODUCTION vii BKNIUS 1 CAECILITTS 467 WORDS FBOM ENNniS AND CAECrLITJS NOT INCLUDED IN THE TEXT OE THE NOTES OF THIS VOLUME . 562 CONCOEDANCES I. —ENNius {for rej. from Vahlen's ed. to this) . 565 n.—EKNius (for ref. from this ed. to Vahleti'a) . 575 I.—CAECiLius (for ref. from Ribbeck's ed. to this) . 585 II. —CAECILIUS (for ref. from this ed. to Ribbeck's) . 587 INDEX 591 INTRODUCTION Scope of this nork. Limits of the archaic period. Archaic spelling. Contents In three volumes entitled Remains of Old Latin, of which this is the first volume, my object is to present a Latin text and an English translation of Latin remnants, literary and epigraphic, which belong to the archaic period of Roman literary historj-. I have fixed the limit of this archaic period at 81 —80 B.C., which are the years of Sulla's dictatorship. It is indeed true that the limit cannot really be defined with precision, partly because archaisms in spelling and in form survive, especially in epi- graphic records, during many years after the date here given. -
Death and the Female Body in Homer, Vergil, and Ovid
DEATH AND THE FEMALE BODY IN HOMER, VERGIL, AND OVID Katherine De Boer Simons A dissertation submitted to the faculty at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Depart- ment of Classics. Chapel Hill 2016 Approved by: Sharon L. James James J. O’Hara William H. Race Alison Keith Laurel Fulkerson © 2016 Katherine De Boer Simons ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT KATHERINE DE BOER SIMONS: Death and the Female Body in Homer, Vergil, and Ovid (Under the direction of Sharon L. James) This study investigates the treatment of women and death in three major epic poems of the classical world: Homer’s Odyssey, Vergil’s Aeneid, and Ovid’s Metamorphoses. I rely on recent work in the areas of embodiment and media studies to consider dead and dying female bodies as representations of a sexual politics that figures women as threatening and even mon- strous. I argue that the Odyssey initiates a program of linking female death to women’s sexual status and social class that is recapitulated and intensified by Vergil. Both the Odyssey and the Aeneid punish transgressive women with suffering in death, but Vergil further spectacularizes violent female deaths, narrating them in “carnographic” detail. The Metamorphoses, on the other hand, subverts the Homeric and Vergilian model of female sexuality to present the female body as endangered rather than dangerous, and threatened rather than threatening. In Ovid’s poem, women are overwhelmingly depicted as brutalized victims regardless of their sexual status, and the female body is consistently represented as bloodied in death and twisted in metamorphosis. -
A Lifetime of Trouble-Mai(Ing: Hermes As Trici(Ster
FOUR A LIFETIME OF TROUBLE-MAI(ING: HERMES AS TRICI(STER William G. Doty In exploring here some of the many ways the ancient Greek figure of Hermes was represented we sight some of the recurring characteristics of tricksters from a number of cultures. Although the Hermes figure is so complex that a whole catalog of his characteristics could be presented,1 the sections of this account include just six: (1) his marginality and paradoxical qualities; (2) his erotic and relational aspects; (3) his func tions as a creator and restorer; (4) his deceitful thievery; (5) his comedy and wit; and (6) the role ascribed to him in hermeneutics, the art of interpretation whose name is said to be derived from his. The sixth element listed names one of the most significant ways this trickster comes to us-as interpreter, messenger-but the other characteristics we will explore provide important contexts for what is conveyed, and how. This is not just any Western Union or Federal Express worker, but a marginal figure whose connective tasks shade over into creativity itself. A hilarious cheat, he sits nonetheless at the golden tables of the deities. We now recognize that even apparently irreverent stories show that some mythical models could be conceived in a wide range of sig nificances, even satirized, without thereby abandoning the meaning complex in which the models originated. For example an extract from a satire by Lucian demonstrates that Hermes could be recalled with re Copyright © 1993. University of Alabama Press. All rights reserved. of Alabama Press. © 1993. University Copyright spect, as well as an ironic chuckle: Mythical Trickster Figures You :are Contours, reading Contexts, copyrighted and material Criticisms, published edited by Williamthe University J. -
Collection of Hesiod Homer and Homerica
COLLECTION OF HESIOD HOMER AND HOMERICA Hesiod, The Homeric Hymns, and Homerica This file contains translations of the following works: Hesiod: "Works and Days", "The Theogony", fragments of "The Catalogues of Women and the Eoiae", "The Shield of Heracles" (attributed to Hesiod), and fragments of various works attributed to Hesiod. Homer: "The Homeric Hymns", "The Epigrams of Homer" (both attributed to Homer). Various: Fragments of the Epic Cycle (parts of which are sometimes attributed to Homer), fragments of other epic poems attributed to Homer, "The Battle of Frogs and Mice", and "The Contest of Homer and Hesiod". This file contains only that portion of the book in English; Greek texts are excluded. Where Greek characters appear in the original English text, transcription in CAPITALS is substituted. PREPARER'S NOTE: In order to make this file more accessable to the average computer user, the preparer has found it necessary to re-arrange some of the material. The preparer takes full responsibility for his choice of arrangement. A few endnotes have been added by the preparer, and some additions have been supplied to the original endnotes of Mr. Evelyn-White's. Where this occurs I have noted the addition with my initials "DBK". Some endnotes, particularly those concerning textual variations in the ancient Greek text, are here ommitted. PREFACE This volume contains practically all that remains of the post- Homeric and pre-academic epic poetry. I have for the most part formed my own text. In the case of Hesiod I have been able to use independent collations of several MSS. by Dr.