FAMILY Bonaparte, 1832 – surgeonfishes Forsskal, 1775 - surgeonfishes [=Acanthus, Acronurus GinG, Acronurus G, Aspisurus, Ctenodon, Europus, Harpurina, Harpurus, Hepatus, Psetta, Rhomboteuthis, Rhombotides K, Rhombotides W, Rhombotides B, Theutis, Theutys] Species Acanthurus achilles Shaw, 1803 - achilles surgeonfish [=aterrimus, formosus, orbicularis] Species Acanthurus albimento Carpenter et al., 2017 - whitechin surgeonfish Species Acanthurus albipectoralis Allen & Ayling, 1987 - whitefin surgeonfish Species Acanthurus auranticavus Randall, 1956 - orange-socket surgeonfish Species Acanthurus bahianus Castelnau, 1855 - barber surgeonfish [=nigriculus] Species Acanthurus bariene Lesson, 1831 - blackspot surgeonfish [=kingii, nummifer] Species Acanthurus blochii Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835 - ringtail surgeonfish [=annularis] Species Acanthurus chirurgus (Bloch, 1787) - surgeonfish [=phlebotomus] Species Acanthurus chronixis Randall, 1960 - chronixis surgeonfish Species Acanthurus coeruleus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 - blue surgeonfish [=brevis, broussonnetii, caeruleatus, helioides, pawnee, violaceus] Species Acanthurus dussumieri Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835 – eyestripe surgeonfish [=undulatus] Species Acanthurus fowleri de Beaufort, in Weber & de Beaufort, 1951 - Fowler's surgeonfish Species Acanthurus gahhm (Forsskal, 1775) - black surgeonfish Species Acanthurus grammoptilus Richardson, 1843 - finelined surgeonfish Species Acanthurus guttatus Forster, in Bloch & Schneider, 1801- whitespotted surgeonfish Species Acanthurus japonicus (Schmidt, 1931) - Japanese surgeonfish Species Acanthurus leucocheilus Herre, 1927 - palelipped surgeonfish [=melanosternon] Species Acanthurus leucopareius (Jenkins, 1903) - whitebar surgeonfish [=bishopi, umbra] Species Acanthurus leucosternon Bennett, 1833 - powderblue surgeonfish [=delisiani, delisianus, delissianus, leucosternum] Species Acanthurus lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758) - lined surgeonfish [=lineatus, vittatus] Species Acanthurus maculiceps (Ahl, 1923) - white-freckled surgeonfish Species Acanthurus mata (Cuvier, 1829) - elongate surgeonfish [=aurolineatus, bleekeri, gnophodes, guentheri, weberi] Species Acanthurus mindorensis Herre, 1927 - Mindoro surgeonfish Species Acanthurus monroviae Steindachner, 1876 - Monrovia surgeonfish Species Acanthurus nigricans (Linnaeus, 1758) - whitecheek surgeonfish [=aliala, glaucopareius, marisrubri] Species Acanthurus nigricauda Duncker & Mohr, 1929 - epaulette surgeonfish Species Acanthurus nigrofuscus (Forsskal, 1775) - brown surgeonfish [=lineolatus, lucillae, matoides, niger, rubropunctatus] Species Acanthurus nigroris Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835 - bluelined surgeonfish [=atrimentatus] Species Acanthurus nigros Gunther, 1861 - greyhead surgeonfish [=atramentatus, bipunctatus] Species Acanthurus nubilus (Fowler & Bean, 1929) - pinstriped surgeonfish Species Bloch & Schneider, 1801 - orangespot surgeonfish [=chrysosoma, eparai, erythromelas, humeralis, paroticus, xanthosoma] Species Acanthurus polyzona (Bleeker, 1868) - blackbarred surgeonfish [=fasciatus] Species Acanthurus pyroferus Kittlitz, 1834 - chocolate surgeonfish [=armiger, celebicus, doreensis, fuscus, lishenus, melanopterus] Species Acanthurus reversus Randall & Earle, 1999 - reverse surgeonfish Species Acanthurus sandvicensis Streets, 1877 - sandvicensis surgeonfish Species Acanthurus sohal (Forsskal, 1775) - Sohal surgeonfish [=carinatus, rueppellii] Species Acanthurus tennentii Gunther, 1861 - doubleband surgeonfish [=bicommatus, plagiatus] Species Acanthurus thompsoni (Fowler, 1923) - Thompson's surgeonfish [=philippinus] Species Acanthurus tractus Poey, 1860 - ocean surgeonfish [=randalli] Species Acanthurus triostegus (Linnaeus, 1758) - convict surgeonfish [=australis, couaga, elegans, fasciatus, hirundo, marquesensis, pentazona, subarmatus, troughtoni, zebra] Species Acanthurus tristis Randall, 1993 - Indian Ocean mimic surgeonfish [=tristus T] Species Acanthurus xanthopterus Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835 – yellowfin surgeonfish [=aquilinus, crestonis, fuliginosus, gahmoides, guentheri, lamarrii, rasi, reticulatus] GENUS Ctenochaetus Gill, 1884 - surgeonfishes, bristletooth tangs [=Ctenodon] Species Ctenochaetus binotatus Randall, 1955 - twospot surgeonfish [=oculocoeruleus] Species Ctenochaetus cyanocheilus Randall & Clements, 2001 - Randall's bristletooth tang Species Ctenochaetus flavicauda Fowler, 1938 - Fowler's bristletooth tang Species Ctenochaetus hawaiiensis Randall, 1955 - chevron tang Species Ctenochaetus marginatus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) – stripedfin surgeonfish [=cyanoguttatus, guttatus, magnus] Species Ctenochaetus striatus (Quoy and Gaimard, 1825) - striated surgeonfish [=argenteus, ctenodon, cuvierii, ketlitzii] Species Ctenochaetus strigosus (Bennett, 1828) - Kole tang Species Ctenochaetus tominiensis Randall, 1955 - Tomini surgeonfish Species Ctenochaetus truncatus Randall & Clements, 2001 - truncate surgeonfish GENUS Naso Lacepede, 1801 - unicornfishes [=Atulonotus, Axinurus, Callicanthus, Cyphomycter, Keris, Monoceros, Nasonus, Priodon, Priodontichthys, Prionolepis, Rhinodactylus] Species Naso annulatus (Quoy and Gaimard, 1825) - whitemargin unicornfish [=annularis, herrei, incipiens, marginatus] Species Naso brachycentron (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) – humpback unicornfish [=rigoletto] Species Naso brevirostris (Cuvier, 1829) - shortnosed unicornfish [=brevirostris, coryphaenoides, longicornis] Species Naso caeruleacauda Randall, 1994 - bluetail unicornfish Species Naso caesius Randall & Bell, 1992 - gray unicornfish Species Naso elegans (Ruppell, 1829) - elegant unicornfish Species Naso fageni Morrow, 1954 - horseface unicornfish [=baixopindae, cavallo] Species Naso hexacanthus (Bleeker, 1855) - sleek unicornfish [=genimarginatus, metoposophron, tapeinosoma, thorpei, vomer] Species Naso lituratus (Forster, in Bloch & Schneider, 1801) - orangespine unicornfish [=eoume, filamentosus, garretti, harpurus, incornis] Species Naso lopezi Herre, 1927 - elongated unicornfish Species Naso maculatus Randall & Struhsaker, 1981 - spotted unicornfish Species Naso mcdadei Johnson, 2002 - squarenose unicornfish Species Naso minor (Smith, 1966) - slender unicornfish [=unicolor] Species Naso reticulatus Randall, 2001 - reticulated unicornfish Species Naso tergus Ho et al., 2011 - Ho's unicornfish Species Naso thynnoides (Cuvier, 1829) - oneknife unicornfish Species Naso tonganus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) - bulbnose unicornfish Species Naso tuberosus Lacepede, 1801 - humpnose unicornfish [=nasus, tuber] Species Naso unicornis (Forsskal, 1775) - bluespine unicornfish [=biaculeatus, corniger, fronticornis, monoceros, raii] Species Naso vlamingii (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) - bignose unicornfish GENUS Paracanthurus Bleeker, 1863 - surgeonfishes, tangs [=Colocopus] Species Paracanthurus hepatus (Linnaeus, 1766) - regal tang [=carneus, fuscus, teuthis, theuthis, triangularis] GENUS Prionurus Lacepede, 1804 - surgeonfishes [=Acanthocaulus, Burobulla, Dasyacanthurus, Triacanthurodes, Xesurus] Species Prionurus biafraensis (Blache & Rossignol, 1962) - Biafra doctorfish Species Prionurus chrysurus Randall, 2001 - Randall's prionurus Species (Valenciennes, 1846) - razor surgeonfish [=clarionis, hopkinsi] Species Prionurus maculatus Ogilby, 1887 - yellowspotted sawtail Species Lacepede, 1804 - sixplate sawtail Species Gill, 1862 - yellowtail surgeonfish Species Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835 - scalpel sawtail GENUS Zebrasoma Swainson, 1839 - tangs [=Laephichthys, Scopas K, Scopas B] Species Zebrasoma desjardinii (Bennett, 1836) - Desjardin's sailfin tang Species Zebrasoma flavescens (Bennett, 1828) - yellow tang [=agana] Species Zebrasoma gemmatum (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) - gem tang Species Zebrasoma rostratum (Gunther, 1875) - black tang Species Zebrasoma scopas (Cuvier, 1829) - scopas tang [=altivelis, ruppelii, suillus, supraalba] Species Zebrasoma velifer (Bloch, 1795) - sailfin tang [=blochii, gallina, hypselopterus, kipas, novaecaledoniae, virgatus] Species Zebrasoma xanthurum (Blyth, 1852) - purple tang