MANAGED SPECIES (continued ) • Ban on fishing for precious coral Key Fishing Requirements Maragos/USFWS Jim of courtesy Atoll, Palmyra Photo: MUS landward of 50 fathom curve at Note: In addition to below regulations, there Kingman Reef and Jarvis, Howland and Moray Eels: giant moray eel (Gymnothorax Pacific Remote Island Areas are permit requirements for noncommercial Baker Islands javanicus), yellowmargin moray eel fishing and a ban on commercial fishing in • A receiving vessel must be registered (G. flavimarginatus), undulated moray eel the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National for use with a transshipment permit if Fishery Ecosystem Plan (G. undulatus) Monument waters. that vessel is used to land or transship Mullets: fringelip mullet (Crenimugil BOTTOMFISH PHCRT or any coral reef ecosystem crenilabis), Engel’s mullet (Moolgarda MUS harvested within low-use MPAs • Identifies management objectives, engeli), false mullet (Neomyxus leuciscus) • Federal permit and logbook reporting • Allowable gear types include hand- • Ban on use of bottom trawls and Octopus (Octopus cyanea, O. ornatus) harvest, spear, slurp gun, hand/dip • Delineates geographical boundaries, bottom set gillnets Parrotfish: humphead parrotfish net, hoop net for Kona crab, throw net, • Ban on possession or use of any (Bolbometopon muricatum), Pacific barrier net, surround/purse net that • Fosters coordination and community poisons, explosives or intoxicating longose parrotfish (Hipposcarus is attended at all times, hook-and- substances to harvest bottomfish or participation through various advisory bodies longiceps), parrotfish Scarus( spp.), line, crab and fish traps with vessel seamount groundfish stareye parrotfish Calotomus( carolinus) identification number affixed or and an appropriate management structure, • Ban on fishing for bottomfish remote operating vehicle/submersible dogtooth tuna (Gymno Scrombridae: management unit species (MUS) • Designates managed species, and sarda unicolor) • Special permit, reporting and pre- landward of 50 fathom curve at landing notification requirements Surgeonfish: orange-spot surgeonfish Kingman Reef and Jarvis, Howland and apply for the use of other gear types to • Details applicable fishery regulations (Acanthurus olivaceus), yellowfin Baker Islands harvest coral reef ecosystem taxa surgeonfish (A. xanthopterus), convict • Ban on possession and use of poisons, tang (A. triostegus), eye-striped CRUSTACEANS explosives or intoxicating substances surgeonfish (A. dussumieri), blue-lined • Federal permit and logbook reporting to take coral reef ecosystem managed surgeon fish (A. nigroris), whitebar • Notification before port landing and species surgeonfish (A. leucopareius), blue- before offloading THE PACIFIC REMOTE ISLANDS AREA FISHERY ECOSYSTEM PLAN (FEP) CONSERVES banded surgeonfish (A. lineatus); • Ban on harvest of live rock and living • Observer coverage when requested by blackstreak surgeonfish (A. nigricauda), corals except for indigenous people MARINE RESOURCES AND MANAGES FISHERMEN WHO HARVEST THEM IN THE WATERS OF THE National Marine Fisheries Service whitecheek surgeonfish (A. nigricans), for traditional uses and aquaculture US PACIFIC REMOTE ISLANDS AREAS (PRIAs). THIS APPROACH IS PLACE-BASED AND ADAPTIVE, ACCOUNTS white-spotted surgeonfish (A. guttatus), • Ban on fishing for crustacean MUS operations for seed stock under special ringtail surgeonfish (A. blochii), brown landward of 50 fathom curve at permit, reporting and pre-landing FOR ECOSYSTEM KNOWLEDGE AND UNCERTAINTIES, CONSIDERS CHANGES IN THE ECOSYSTEM surgeonfish (A. nigrofuscus), yellow-eyed Kingman Reef and Jarvis, Howland and notification requirements Baker Islands AND MULTIPLE EXTERNAL INFLUENCES, AND STRIVES TO BALANCE DIVERSE SOCIAL OBJECTIVES. surgeonfish Ctenochaetus( strigosus), A complete listing of federal fishing striped bristletooth (C. striatus); twospot PRECIOUS CORALS regulations applicable to the Western bristletooth (C. binotatus), yellow tang ECOSYSTEM: A geographically specified system of organisms (including humans) and their environment and the • Federal permit and logbook reporting Pacific Region can be found in the processes that control its dynamics (Zebrasoma flavescens), bluespine Code of Federal Regulations, Title 50: • Use of only selective gear that can unicorn (Naso unicornus), whitemargine Wildlife & Fisheries, Chapter VI, Part 665, discriminate or differentiate between unicorn fish (N. annulatus), orangespine which can be accessed at https:// Kingman Reef type, size, quality or characteristics unicornfish N.( lituratus), black tongue www.gpo.gov/. unicornfish N.( hexacanthus), bignose of living or dead corals unicornfish N.( vlamingii), spotted • Minimum height 10 inches for live Get Involved! unicornfish N.( brevirostris) pink coral To learn how you can become Wrasses: Napoleon wrasse (Cheilinus • Minimum stem diameter 1 inch or undulatus), Triple-tail wrasse (C. minimum height 48 inches for live involved in the decision-making Jarvis trilobatus), floral wrasse C.( chlorurus), black coral process for the PRIA FEP, visit Island ring-tailed wrasse (Oxycheilinus • Moratorium on gold coral the Council website at www. unifasciatus), bandcheek wrasse • Ban on fishing for precious coral WPCouncil.org, or contact the (O. diagrammus), barred thicklip wrasse MUS landward of 50 fathom curve Council staff at (808) 522-8220 Johnston Atoll (Hemigymnus fasciatus), three-spot at Kingman Reef and Jarvis, Howland or email [email protected]. wrasse (Halichoeres trimaculatus), and Baker Islands Stay connected through facebook. red-ribbon wrasse (Thalassoma quinque Wake Atoll vittatum), sunset wrasse (T. lutescens) CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS com/wprfmc and on Twitter All other coral reef plants, invertebrates • Special permit, reporting and pre- @wpcouncil. and fish are listed as potentially harvested landing notification for any fishery coral reef taxa (PHCRT). For the complete targeting coral reef ecosystem MUS list, go to http://www.wpcouncil.org/ operating in low-use marine protected fishery-plans-policies-reports/ areas (MPAs) (50 fathom curve around pria-fishery-ecosystem-plan/. Johnston Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island) or on any PHCRT
Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council REVISED SEPTEMBER 2017 Howland Island Baker Island Palmyra Atoll 1164 Bishop St., Suite 1400 • Honolulu, HI 96813 ISBN 978-1-944827-15-1 Aerial and satellite photos: Wikipedia Commons/Alexander W. Riedel/US Air Force (Wake Atoll), Wikipedia Commons/NASA (Johnston Atoll, www.wpcouncil.org Kingman Reef, Jarvis Is., Howland Is., Baker Is.), Wikipedia Commons/USFWS/Erik Oberg/Island Conservation (Palmyra Atoll) Ecosystem-Based Management of Fisheries in the US Pacific Islands HAWAI‘I FEP ADVISORY PANEL (AP) ARCHIPELAGIC FEP PLAN TEAM Butterflyfish, Johnston Atoll review relevant ecosystem sections The Hawai‘i AP assists in the collec The Archipelagic FEP Plan Team of the annual SAFE reports for tion and evaluation of information oversees the development and each FEP. Other advisory bodies relevant to the development and monitoring of the FEPs for include the Education Committee, amendment of fishery ecosystem non-pelagic species in the Western the Fishery Data Collection and plans, including the PRIA FEP. Pacific Region. It drafts the annual Research Committee and the Non- Its 12 members represent commer Stock Assessment and Fisheries Commercial Fisheries Advisory cial, recreational and other interests Evaluation (SAFE) report for the Committee. and serve a four-year term. The AP PRIA FEP and other archipelagic INDIGENOUS AND Soldierfish, Baker Island Bonefishing , Palmyra Atoll includes Island Fisheries, Pelagic FEPs. The Plan Team includes COMMUNITY PROGRAMS Photos: (left and center) courtesy of Jim Maragos/ Fisheries, Ecosystems and Habitat, federal and local government The Council’s Community Develop USFWS, (right) Kitty Simonds/WPRFMC and Indigenous Fishing Commu and non-government specialists Management Goals* ment Program, Community Demon nities Sub-panels; each subpanel appointed by the Council. They stration Projects Program and Marine 1. Conserve and manage target and non- target stocks Management Structure and is comprised of three AP members. serve indefinite terms. Education and Training Program are 2. Protect species and habitats of special concern Community Participation FISHING INDUSTRY ADVISORY SCIENCE AND STATISTICAL designed to foster increased fishery 3. Understand and account for important ecosystem parameters The management structure of the COMMITTEE (FIAC) COMMITTEE (SSC) participation by indigenous commu and their linkages PRIA FEP fosters collaboration with The FIAC provides information The SSC is composed of scientists nities in the US Pacific Islands. territorial, federal and international and recommendations on and assists from local and federal agencies, 4. Meet the needs of fishermen, their families, and communities governments and non-government INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT in the development and amendments academic institutions, and other AND RESEARCH organizations to address the social, of the Council’s FEPs. organizations. These scientists Management Objectives* cultural, economic, biological, represent a range of disciplines The Council actively participates REGIONAL ECOSYSTEM ADVISORY ecological and other scientific issues required for the scientific oversight in the development and implemen 1. Support fishing communities COMMITTEE (REAC) related to successful ecosystem of fishery management in the tation of international agreements 2. Prevent overfishing while achieving on a continual basis management. Ecosystem issues The Hawai‘i Archipelago REAC Western Pacific Region. and research regarding marine the optimum yield from each fishery include both human and non- includes representatives from resources. The most important human factors. They range from federal government agencies and OTHER ADVISORY BODIES international issues for the PRIA 3. Improve fishery monitoring and data collection climate change and its impacts on nongovernmental organizations The Council convenes and solicits FEP are climate change, marine 4. Promote compliance the ocean’s primary productivity and businesses with responsibility recommendations from a variety debris and the management and areas; to fishing impacts on bycatch, or interest in land-based and of other committees as needed. conservation of seamounts and 5. Reduce bycatch and minimize interactions and impacts forage fish and protected species; to non-fishing activities that potentially The Marine Planning and Climate straddling groundfish stocks. to protected species to the extent practicable non-fishing activities that lead to affect the marine environment of Change Committee, Protected The Council is a US commissioner 6. Refine designations of and minimize impacts to essential pollution, nutrient loading, marine Hawai‘i and the PRIAs. Species Advisory Committee and for the North Pacific Fisheries fish habitat (EFH) debris and ocean acidification. Social Science Planning Committee Commission. 7. Increase traditional and local knowledge in decision-making The FEP structure also facilitates enhanced involvement in the Managed Species Silver jaw jobfish (Aphareus rutilans) CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEM The following species are listed as 8. Consider the implications of spatial management decision-making process by BOTTOMFISH Yellowtail snapper (P. auricilla) currently harvested coral reef taxa. arrangements in Council decision-making communities, especially those Black jack (Caranx lugubris) CRUSTACEANS who rely on the environment for Barracuda: great barracuda (Sphyraena 9. Consider the implications of climate change in Council Blacktip grouper (Epinephelus fasciatus) Deepwater shrimp (Heterocarpus spp.) barracuda) their livelihood, social relations, decision-making Giant trevally (C. ignobilis) Kona crab (Ranina ranina) cultural identity and nutrition. Bigeyes: glasseye (Heteropriacanthus cruentatus) The PRIA FEP uses a bottom-up Longtail snapper (Etelis coruscans) Slipper lobster (Family Scyllaridae) * Adopted by the Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council in March 2016. approach to fisheries management. Lunartail grouper (Variola louti) Spiny lobster (Panulirus penicillatus) Goatfish:yellow goatfish (Mulloidichthys spp.), orange goatfish (M. pfleugeri), Pink snapper (Pristipomoides It begins with recommendations PRECIOUS CORALS yellowstripe goatfish (M. flavolineatus), filamentosus, P. seiboldii) from communities during public Bamboo coral (Lepidisis olapa) banded goatfish Parupeneus( spp.), Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island. meetings and through several Red snapper (E. carbunculus) dash-dot goatfish (P. barberinus), Geographical Boundaries Black coral (Antipathes dichotoma, Midway Atoll, also a PRIA, advisory groups. The PRIAs are Redgill emperor (Lethrinus multi-barred goatfish P.( multifaciatus), The PRIA FEP governs bottomfish, A. grandis, A. ulex) is covered in the Hawai‘i FEP. largely uninhabited, with only rubrioperculatus) yellowsaddle goatfish (P. cyclostomas); coral reef ecosystem, crustacean Gold coral (Gerardia spp., Narella spp.) bantail goatfish Upeneus( arge) The fishery management area for Wake, Johnston and Palmyra Sea bass (Hyporthodus quernus) and precious coral fisheries of the (Corallium secundum, the PRIA FEP is the EEZ seaward having seasonal and year-round Pink coral PRIAs. The PRIAs comprise the C. regale, C. laauense) (continued on back) of the US possessions out to residents. Members of the US possessions of Baker Island, 200 nautical miles or coterminous Hawai‘i fishing communities have Howland Island, Jarvis Island, with an adjacent international historically fished in the PRIAs The Western Pacific Regional Fishery Management Council is one of eight councils authorized by the Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, maritime boundary. with most fishing effort around Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act of 1976. It is the federal agency responsible for Johnston and Palmyra. managing the offshore fisheries of Hawaii and other US Pacific islands. www.wpcouncil.org