Of the Genus Culex, W

2004} Med. 217-231 No. 3 Vol. 55 Entomol. Zool. p.

(11) mosquitoes Japan pupal of the Studies on

(nov.) of Sirivanakarnius nov.) and Ocuieomyia (stat. Subgenera

mosquitoes pupal from key of Culex,

with the

genus a

Culicidae) Ogasawara-gunt6 (Diptera:

TANAKA Kazuo

Japan Sagamihara, 228-0814 2-1-39-208, Minamidai,

2004) Accepted: June 30 (Received: 2004; March 29

(Sirivanakar- bitaeniorhynchus (Oculeomyia) Cx. and of Culex The Abstract" pupae

Chaeto- discussed.

taxonomic characters their described and boninensis nius)

are are

Oculeomyia prepared. is species for these illustrations full and tables two taxy

are

subgeneric given subgenus and Culex status to with the resurrected from

synonymy

is Sirivanakarnius subgenus sinensis. A Cx. bitaeniorhynchus and Culex include

new

mosquitoes from species of key of the A boninensis. Culex established for to pupa

presented. Ogasawara-gunt6 is

Sirivanakarnius, Oculeomyia, Culex, morphotaxonomy, mosquito Key words: pupa,

Japan

Cx. bitaeniorhynchus, sinensis and Cx. Culex of revision of the

is This

pupae

paper

occasion, this subgenus Culex. In the in included previously been boninensis, have which

previously Oculeomyia

treated subgenus species the former transfer the to two I a as

Sirivanakarnius the

for subgenus establish

Culex, subgenus and of the new a synonym

species. lattermost

(1999, concerning Tanaka follow study the Principles this methods of and pupae

al., 1979. Tanaka follows and larvae terminology adults et 2001); of the

manuscript. reviewing Saugstad the for S. Edward greatly Mr. indebted I to am

subgeneric Oculeomlia status Resurrection of to

conventionally treated been bitaeniorhynchus have its and Culex

a as congeners

bitaeniorhynchus (1932) established the Edwards subgenus subgroup species Culex. the in

assigned Culex, 12 subgenus and

sitiens-group) of the (Lasioconops A in series

group

belong

poicilipes Theobald Culex them, to it; species world of the to may a

among

of consists sitiens bitaeniorhynchus of subgroup the (1962) Belkin's different

group

group.

Bitaeniorhynchus species of Thailand (1967) species. three treated Bram Pacific South five

species recognized of Bitae- oriental (1976) 11 Group. Sirivanakarn Sitiens Subgroup in

morphological the precise for basis Group, and Subgroup Sitiens niorynchus in

gave

his (1.c.) that stated also Sirivanakarn pupal larval adult, and stages. subgroup the in

(1932) Edwards bitaeniorynchus of series corresponded the Subgroup Bitaeniorynchus to

(1977). (1962) and Bram subgroup Belkin bitaeniorhynchus of the and to

maxilla of and mandible the larval most described and (1979) studied al. Tanaka et

Cx. maxilla of mandible and According the them, mosquitoes. species of Japanese to

subgenus species Culex of the only other greatly from different bitaeniorhynchus not are

Entomol. Zool. Med. 218

species subgenera sinensis studied. Culex of the Culex from of all the also but other

genus

specimen, single specimen, in observed this studied mounted and far

whole

as as was on a

essentially identical of with Cx. found those mandible and maxilla be its to

were

Eumelanomyia, species subgenera Culex, Japanese bitaeniorhynchus. Neoculex, the of

Culiciomyia fairly markedly homogenous LoI)hoceraomyia, differ- Barraudius and and are

bitaeniorhynchus characteristics the sinensis of the Cx. and in of Cx. from those ent

species place Therefore, in it these will mandible and maxilla. be reasonable to two

Oculeomyia (1907) subgenus. established Culex sarawaki for Theobald the separate

genus

bitaeniorhynchus synonymized (1913). by Theobald, with Cx. Edwards 1907, which

was

subgeneric bitaeniorhynchus Oculeomyia Then, Cx. Cx.

and used for the

be name can as

sinensis.

Oculeomyia subgenus characterized larval follows. is in The best the The stage as

general is size head relative thorax abdomen short. of The the and the in to setae

are

opening species subgenera. and The ventral in of oral smaller than other is the

narrow,

(median cavity capsule long. is labrum labral behind the oral The of head the aspect

frontoclypeus (dorsal apotome) completely plate) fused and the with the is suture

cutting (Fig. b) entirely rounded; mandible 1, is effaced. The is and the them between

including strongly teeth, is tooth blade ventral and the dorsal ventral very

organ

lacking MdS; 2b-Mn); developed;

(seta mandibular the mandibular the stout, spurs

are

dorsoapical hairs; of rather of number short the brush reduced short

is to

row a a

apically ventroapical

only is of few mandibular reduced

short comb to

very

row a a

piliferous (mandibular lobe) scarcely teeth; of mandible is the furcate the pro- process

hairs; wide, of dense mandibular and several the trudent bears short but

groups

very

single arranged (Fig. (mandibular sweeper) 1, continuous The maxilla

in hairs

row. a are

along margin, d) entire rounded; cranium its cardo is fused with basal the the is and

proximal maxillary distinct; short; though brush is the hairs of the the the suture

are

stipital 1-Mx), (seta 2-Mx) (seta which sensoria of lacinial is distad the 5-Mx seta

are

(galeastipes+laciniastipes); mesostipes distal located distad the middle the of of the

(maxillary palpostipes palpus) large, apparently absent; is lacinial is 6-Mx the seta

mesostipes, basally; only palpal long it with three the

there fused than half and

are

straight-sided (dorsomentum) plate 13-Mx). 8-, (setae is The 9- sensoria and mentum

flanking triangular, extremely is often small. The 1-A teeth antennal the and seta are

1/10 of middle the shaft. The the inserted of reaches basal about pecten at at most

siphon, usually consists 10 than of less teeth. and

(typical

the of mandible Culex of of the the larval

A type

genus

more common

Knight, Fig. Fig. 1980, 47) cf. 6, filter-feeders; 1979, is al., and Harbach Tanaka and et

piliferous cutting triangular strongly is protrudent the with the not

organ

process; very

long apically usually slender, large; with short furcate the mandibular and

spurs

are

hairs; longer MdS; mandibular mandibular

brush is much the the

numerous row a

piliferous forming longer

consists of much the

teeth comb also process many row; a more

long;

mandibular hairs divided into

In hairs

the type two

groups.

a common more are

are

(cf. Shalaby, Fig separated 18), 1957, is maxilla of Culex cardo of larval the the the

genus

along margin; length its is from cranium whole of the basal the almost mesostypes

proximal maxillary peach-shaped, wide; long;

of longer hairs brush than the the

very are

sensoria, stipital usually of lacinial level is which about the 5-Mx located seta

are

palpostipes proximad usually middle; is lacinial of is the distal 6-Mx the present; seta

mesostipes, distinctly separated usually small, long the half from and and less than

as as

usually palpal sensoria. has 5

parenthesis. Knight's terminology (1980) in Harbach and

Vol. 2004219 3 No. 55

MdS

/.,2 PP "

2-MX 2-MX

PIS PIS

4-MX

Ps Ms

(Oculeomyia) Fig. bitaeniorhynchus, b, d, mandible mandible; of Larval and maxilla Culex and 1. and

c a

illustrated.); spicules (Most d,

Cd, maxilla lacinial and dorsal and b

ventral aspect; aspect. not c, a are

lacinia; tooth; Lc, MdB, brush; Cr, cranium; MdC, DT, mandibular cardo; MdH, comb; mandibular dorsal

palpal maxillary mesostipes; hair; MdS, P1S, Ms, MxB, brush; sensorium; mandibular mandibular spur;

piliferous palpostipes; stipital StS, sensorium; Ps, VT, PP, VB, blade; ventral ventral tooth; process;

stipital stipital 5-Mx, proximal 2-Mx, 4-Mx, 1-Mx, cardinal ventral dorsal lacinial seta; seta; seta; seta.

(Scales mm.) 0.1 represent

Zool. Entomol. Med. 220

secondary but fusion (this

mesostipes palpostipes be not the of the Fusion to may

piliferous shortened

cranium, the Dixa) the primitive cardo and in condition the

as a

the comb

brush and maxillary madibular reduction of and brush and spur,

are

process

these bitaeniorhynchus. fusion in Sclerite pronounced of Cx. characteristics most organs

Toxorhynchites. Cx. Lutzia species and predatory in such those

in is often

seen

generally S1)irogyra-eater, and the representative stronger bitaeniorhynchus, is however,

feeding habit. this species related be maxilla of this and mandible to of the structures

may

maxilla mandible and precise larval study (1979) the

Only done has Tanaka al. et

head, fused size of the the However, bitaeniorhynchus species subgroup. of the of to

species Cx. following addition in plate the peculiar to and labrum, pecten, mentum

according the in bitaeniorhynchus characters to sinensis Cx. have these and

common

(1967) and (1962), Sirivan- Hopkins (1952), Bram Belkin given by descriptions figures and

Africa; Cx. ethiol)icus from Edwards and Cx. (1976): annulioris Theobald Cx. akarn

Knight the from Stone and (Taylor) Cx. starckeae and Edwards, Cx. albinervis

squamosus

selangorensis Sirivanakarn, Cx. luzonensis infula Theobald, Pacific; Cx. Cx. and South

geminus and Edwards, Colless Cx. I)seudosinensis Colless, Cx. Sirivanakarn, Cx. cornutus

belong species will Region. also These Oriental from Sirivanakarn the kinabaluensis Cx.

species the have all these maxilla of Oculeomyia, mandible and if the and to same

Oculeomyia full be ranked

bitaeniorhynchus,

could Cx. of those characters genus.

as a as

by satisfactorily discussed described and

this of adult characters The

group

were

pupal nothing characters The (1976), them. add I Sirivanakarn and have to to are

this in discussed described and paper.

Oculeomyia subgenus of The the pupa

semicircular; lateralia without elliptical roughly each with lobe Dorsal apotome

view, triangular apically, lateral in compound Trumpet broadened facets of of traces

eye.

long nearly 1/3

half widely pinna 1/3; about in tracheoid basal with to

as as open, very

mostly but cephalothoracic short l-C and 10- l for All except trumpet. setae

very

separated and from 2-C margin lateralia; posterior 3-C well branched; of 2-C close to

cephalothoracic 8-C lateralia; posterior margin of 6-C setae; shortest distant of from

of metathorax Middle ll-C. and base; 12-C than not shorter 10- of caudad trumpet

microsculpture with plate. and forming Abdominal

median distinct terga sterna

square

sclerotized median reticulation Culex; subgenus with I similar of the that tergum to

single; 1-III-VI sometimes ordinary typical hair; branched float 1-II Seta 1-I seta, part.

definitely respective sometimes long I-VII half than terga;

half about

next to

as as more a

usually 3-II; 2-III-VI anterolaterad of Seta 2-II for 9-VII. others than except stronger

respective margin posterior of 2-VII respective terga; and close of mesad 1 to setae

6-I Seta position, 4-I closer 2-I. close Seta 3-I mesad of often 1-VII. variable in but to to

longer respective and than Seta 5-II 4-IV,-VI 3-I; of anterolaterad 5. and-VII than setae to

4-III; 5-IV-VI always anteromesad of longer 4-II; and than 5-III of almost anteromesad

respective subequal respective 1. sometimes longest of setae often of to segments, setae

respective -IV 3; subequal 6-III and usually remarkably long, 6-I and-II Setae setae to not

remarkably and 6-III than strength; subequal -VI 6-V weak, and stronger each in other to

slightly 9-VII. Setae of subequal strength; mesad caudad -IV, of in and 6-VII other each to

long 8-III; respective

7-IV 8- than

7-III shorter 6; little and shorter than 7-I -II setae

as as

longer of single than 8 8-VII branched. 8-V; longer Seta IV; and -VII than 7-VI 7-V seta

posterolaterad single of usually and preceding branched; 9-II-V Seta often 9-I segments.

1,/3 posterior margin of respective about side inserted close 7; 9-VII tergum at to setae

margin side differentiated; close

inserted 9-VIII less the to segment, sternum on more or

Vol. No. 2004 3 55 221

cephalad posterolateral of the little

removed segment, less differen-

corner, a

more or

subequal length. tiated, in Setae 11-III-VI with 9-VII weak; often alveolus 11-VI laterad to

usually 10-VI; of subequal anterolaterad 11-VII of Seta 10-VII. 14-VIII size. 2-VII in to

Segment posterolateral produced acutely VIII with posteriorly; posterolateral

corner

preceding of Segment sometimes (median the lobe) IX caudal segments acute. corner

weakly posteriorly,

short, with arched short 1-IX

side. each Paddle stout seta

very

a on

practically rounded, partially margins, infuscate; smooth sometimes lobe wider outer

paddle position inner relative variable; than 2 longer other each 1-Pd setae, than to one;

2-Pd, alveolus; distinct with distinct with 2-Pd indistinct. alveolus or

Supernumerary uninterpretable i-I, 10-II and Setae 1

VIII segment setae setae.

on were

bitaeniorhynchus. found Cx. in

Oculeomyia

The well of characterized is is larva,

but the be not

pupa

so may as

distinguished subgenus following points. that Culex in from Trumpet the of the strongly

widely pinna. cephalothoracic towards broadened All for 10- and except setae

very open

long; markedly 11-C Setae short. and-II 6-V and 6-I -VI than stronger 6-III not

very very

paddle partially Oculeomyia IV; and often infuscate. The of differs from the of that

pupa

following points. cephalothoracic Lutzia the in branched; Most of 2- setae setae genus

respective separated; longer and than markedly well -II and 3-C 7; 6-I and-VI 6-V setae

partially paddle infuscate, IV; than straight and 6-III with often midrib almost stronger

reaching nearly and sclerotized part apex.

species Key Oculeomyia Japanese the of of to pupa

pronounced with dark Most alveolar circular Paddle 1. with inner lobe infuscate. spot. setae Seta

always single; single; almost 3-I-III 2) (most and -VII 1-3 4-VIII branched. 7-VI often

bitaeniorhynchus Cx.

distinct Paddle alveolar Setae whitish without almost double; Seta spot. 3-I-III transparent. to

triple; (after Sirivanakarn, double and -VII 1976) 7-VI branched. 4-VIII 3-5 Cx. sinensis or

(Oculeomyia) bitaeniorhynchus Culex Giles

Karatsu-ieka [Japanese

name"

(Fig. 1) 2; Table

Bombay Giles, 1901, (adult). Type-loc.: J. Hist. Travancore, Soc. 13" 607 India. nat.

g, Mochizuki, Ikadaigaku 1913, karatsuensis (o , Culex egg). Fukuoka Zasshi Type- 28 7"

Kyfishfi, Japan. Karatsu, Fukuoka and loc."

length: Trumpet length: Paddle 0.89-1.06

0.94-1.11 mm. mm.

(except 2, of 11, Most 0, 9, for small segments) such abdominal of 14 setae setae most very as

and sensilla with circular alveolar dark small, Dorsal rather lobe with asetose spot. apotome each

Trumpet elliptical. pinna length (X 0.34) with 0.29-0.42 length; of Seta 1-C 2-(2 3-C trumpet. in > >

subequal length; longer longest cephalothoracic 9-C; 4-, 7-(2 and 11-C 8-C than in 5- the of setae,

long distinctly I, about

rather 12-C shorter than tergum 11-C. and 10- strong; Seta 3-I next to

length, length (: subequal length. 0.84) I; in 0.68-1.04 1-I in of Setae tergum 6-I and 3-I 3-, 6- 5- to

subequal length; length 0.63) (:;: in length 3-II (: I, II 0.55-0.74 0.45) of 0.39-0.51 tergum of tergum

III; anteromesad 5-II 4-II of longest usually and often of Seta anteromesad 2-II. 1-III of setae

even

the others, branch of often with length much segment, 0.63) smaller than (:i 0.52-0.78 of tergum

one

length (X 0.53) IV; rarely longer IV, 1-III; 0.36-0.63 3-III of than tergum sensillum caudad of asetose

position longest and 4-IV variable. Seta 1-IV sometimes of transverse the of 0.58- setae segment,

length 0.72) (: V; cephalad (and 0.85 of often with 3-IV of) tandem tergum usually 5-IV; 5-IV most

222 Med. Entomol. Zool.

III

11 10

VIII

IX VIII

"i.. VIII

:.,.,, ,.: ..- ....,, ..,.. .

Fig.

Pupa

(Oculeomyia) 2. of Culex bitaeniorhynchus, Cephalothorax (part): b, dorsal apotome;

d, (float trumpet; hair); 1-I VIII paddle seta left (broadest); segment and f, paddle left (narrowest); e,

metathorax (Scales abdomen. and mm.) 0. represent

223 3 2004 No. Vol. 55

Giles, bitaeniorhynchus (Oculeomyia) 1901. pupal Culex of branching of the Range of the setae Table 1.

Abdomen

Cephalo- Seta

thorax No. VIII VII VI V IV III II

t) 1-3(1") 1 1-2(1 1 0

1-3(2)

1-4(2) 1-2(2") 3-6(5) 5-13(7) 1-7(2)

) 1-2(1

1-2(1 2-5(3) 1 2

)

) t) 1-3(2) *) (2) 1-2(2 4-8(6) 1-2 1-2( 1-2( 1-2( 2 3

1-3(2) 1-3(2) 2-3(--) 2-5(4) 2-4(2) 4-7(5) 3-7(5) 5-9(6) 2-4(2)

1-3(2") 1-3(2") 2-4(3") 1-2(2) 3-6(5) 3-5(3)

2-7(3) 2-3(3) 5

t) t) 3-9(5,6) l-Pd i-2(I 1 i-2(i 2-4(2) 6

l-2(l 2-3(2*) 3-6(5) 2-6(5) 0(7, 8) i-4(2) 4-I 2 7

i-4(3) 1-4(2) i-4(2) i-5(3) 2-6(3) i-3(2) 8

4-10(6,7) 3-6(3) 1-3(2) 1-3(2)

1-2(1)

1-3(1) 1-3(2) 2-3(2)

(7) 5-11 10

lllIX 1-2(1*) 1-2(1") 1-2(1") 1-2(2) 1-2(1)

1312 2-4(2)

1 1 1 14

branches.

uncountable

numerous m:

90-99%.

80-89%, in occurring in parenthesis, * the in Modes case

g: Kysh. 9g: , HonshC; Specimens examined: 4o

V; length of 0.79) (: tergum 0.65-0.96 asetose segment, of the longest of branched, often three setae

0.68-0.92 1-V position Seta longitudinal variable. and always of 4-IV mesad sensillum almost

(and with occasionally tandem 5-V; 3-V rarely longer than VI, length 0.78) of (: tergum

very

branched, usually variable; position 5-V two cephalad and of of) 5-V l-V; cephalad 4-V transverse

and -VI VI; length 6-V 0.90) of (X tergum 0.78-1.02 of the longest segment, always of almost setae

respective segments; of distinctly and 5 than 1 shorter -IV, but and 6-III remarkably than stronger

length of 0.61) (i: 0.51-0.77 1-VI posterolaterad Seta of 4-V. always sensillum almost asetose

longest of the of branched, usually setae 1-VI; 5-VI of anteromesad two VII; often 3-VI

tergum

usually posterolateral with Segment VII length VII. of 0.82) (: tergum 0.73-0.91 segment,

corner

length, subequal

in 9-VII posteriorly; rather strong, to 1-VII produced acutely seta less

length; variable 2-VII in 5-VII 3-VII 4-VII VIII, 1-VII > of length side > 0.50) of > (X segment 0.38-0.62

9-VII 9-VII; slightly of mesad of and caudad 1-VII; 6-VII of mesad position, often but in

0.50) ($: 0.44-0.60 branches with 3-10 at and subdivided often branches barbed, with strongly apex,

with Segment VIII 10-VII. of anterolaterad often ll-VII VIII; length of of segment side

posterior 0.18-0.25 inserted

posteriorly; 9-VIII produced acutely posterolateral seta on

corner

six with and subdivided to often branches strongly with barbed, 0.22)of ( segment, the more

very

length 0.22) (: 0.16-0.29 of length the side segment, 0.47) of (:;: 0.37-0.58 branches 10 than at

apex,

VIII; 0.47) segment of width (X Segment 0.45-0.49 IX length 0.92) of 9-VII. (: paddle, 0.78-1.04 of

and lobe 1.35); (X

inner 1.18-1.57 paddle. index length Paddle of 0.30) (X genital 0.28-0.32 lobe

alveolus; 2- paddle, distinct with length 0.05)

of (X 0.03-0.06 1-Pd infuscate; lobe of seta outer

apex

alveolus. distinct less

paddle, with length often 0.02) (X of 0.01-0.03 Pd

or more

examined, about

setae)

of (15 14 specimens nine in found 11-I Seta Supernumerary setae.

was

is sides; left

(C-1956-6)

the both -g two specimen

found in 10-II

long Seta 9-I.

one

was as as

extending far slender,

long 7-II but

they about single;

right is and the branched more as as are

one

associated of the and alveolus margin both remnant posterior of the beyond sternum; the are nerve

of surface ventral of the middle of (C-1956-a-17921), the left side the

specimen In indistinct.

and alveolus 4-VIII, their of

size the they about

single slender setae; IX, there segment two

are were

of middle, 15

bundle of the setae side other the indistinct. On

associated of the remnant a

are

nerve

single

base

convergent be they observed; to

to side

left of the similar those size of to a appear was a

confirmed. alveolus-like not but structure was any

224 Med. Entomol. Zool.

10g , Specimens 9-, , Kanagawa HonshuZama, examined: total. Pref., in 4o , IX. 4o 1

l-g, KyfishfiYatsushiro, Saugstad. pool, ground 1974, Pref., col. S. 22, E. Kumamoto IX.

pool, 1974, Mizusawa Yoshii. rock K. and A. col.

Archipelago Japanese (Hokkaid6; Honshfi; Distribution. Shikoku; Tsushima; Kyfishfi;

Yakushima); Archipelago; Ryukyu Cheju-do; Peninsula; Prymorie; Korean southern

con-

Region; China; Region; Micronesia; tinental Oriental Australian coastal southern lands of

Region. Afrotropical Asia; southwestern

(1948)may discussion. Taxonomic Asanuma be the first of have the treated to pupa

species, this described of and alveolar 9-VIII, the and the of characters spots, seta

presence

paddle. posterolateral Yamaguti (1948, 1950) of Casse and VIII and La segment

corner

just paddle. precise Nakagawa illustrated

(1953) Asanuma the and and trumpet gave

description illustration (1962) and presented of the abdomen. Belkin metathorax and

description key, population. illustration short

and Pacific full South Kamimura the

briefly. (1976) description

(1976) provided Sirivanakarn treated key, the full and

pupa

population. description, illustration

(1988) key, Oriental Harbach the

full

gave on a

chaetotaxy population illustration and table Asia. southwestern the of The present

study knowledge intersegmetal reticulate added of the membrane of and I tergum new

Lutzia, character with The latter is the abdomen. shared and the of should be

pupa

Oculeomyia species subgeneric confirmed of other it of in could be whether the

not

or one characters.

quite Three found of ventral surface

IX segment setae

supernumerary on are

peculiar. only (Metalutzia) Similar in Lutzia have been found

Edwards setae

once vorax

(Tanaka, might 2003). thought (2003) possibly fact, it Tanaka 13-VIII. In be these setae

bitaeniorhynchus pentad found Cx. in remind of larval of VIII. the segment setae

some

findings interpret homology Further be will the of these to setae. necessary

(Oculeomyia) Culex sinensis Theobald

(Japanese Mitsuhoshi-ieka) name:

-). Monogr. Theobald, gelidus; 1903, (as Type-loc." Shaohyl- Culicid. Culex 3:180 of

var.

ing, China.

-g, Mochizuki, Ikadaigaku tripunctatus (o , Type- Culex 1913, egg). Zasshi Fukuoka 7:24

Japan. Kyushu, Karatsu, Fukuoka and loc.:

specimens Pupal species study. of this available the for present not

were

Archipelago Japanese (Honshfi; Ryukyu Shikoku; Kyfishfi); Archipelago Distribution.

(Amami-, Yaeyama-gunt6); Peninsula; Okinawa- Prymorye; and middle southern Korean

Philippines; China; Taiwan; Hong Kong; continental Flores; and Java; southern Sumatra;

Malay Peninsula; Thailand; Vietnam; Bangladesh; India; Burma; Sri Lanka.

just Yamaguti (1948, discussion. 1950) Casse Taxonomic La illustrated and the

paddle. (1976) briefly. (1976) Kamimura and Sirivanakarn the treated trumpet

pupa

According

description key, description illustration. full Sirivanakarn's and and to gave a

illustration, bitaeniorhynchus, sinensis differs Cx. from Cx. addition in characters the to

foregoing distinctly key, in shown the in that the is is longer 5-IV trumpet seta

narrower,

posterolateral 1-IV, (in and than the abdominal of addition III-VI VII segments to corners

VIII) and acute. are

Sirivanakarnius,

subgenus

Culex of the genus a new

species: Type (Culex) Ogasawara-gunt6 (Bonin Culex Bohart, boninensis 1957, from Is-

225 2004 Vol. No. 3 55

Monotypic. lands.).

adult, characterized the in subgenus Culex. Best closely with the related Most

especially in the male.

entirely scaled;

abdominal wing proboscis, tarsi g. dark mosquito; and Dark and

patches scales, of white laterobasal apical with bands, but with basal neither terga

nor

with scale bristles Pleura Acrostichal present. visible usually dorsal in aspect. not

mesepimeral bristle mesepimeron; absent. lower sternopleuron patches and

Japanese (0.78-1.45 flagellomere 10 in length 13 of 0.65-0.76 Flagellomere z. 12

(12 flagellomeres length of 1-11 0.94-1.25 Culex); species flagellomeres + subg. 12 13 of +

hairy, long Palpus Culex). subg. species Japanese of nine in not 1-11 shorter than 13

length of) (1.21-1.48 longer distinctly proboscis [palpus than of) length (0.99-1.08

apical ratio of shortened, Culex]; species subg. proboscis Japanese segments of 10 two in

[(0.54-0.95)'(1.26-2.05)'(0.70- (2.22-2.34)'(0.88-0.96)'(1.00) 2-5"(1.19-1.31)" segments

basistyle Subapical with Culex]. species subg. lobe of Japanese (1.00) of nine 1.00)" in

species subg. (broadly in of foliate paddle-shaped d, , )'),

typical (a, rods three

narrow

longest bristle-like Culex), small subg. species and (multiple single of Culex), in

;g;

g a

dististyle weakly claw; with small subapical

lobe; proximad just bristly arcuate, of

area

unique form, Aedaegus without in developed laterobasal well with paraproct process.

tergoapical than shorter division much tergolateral subdivision portion; of spiculate

tergal subdivision view; simple sternomesal in subdivision, conical form of sternomesal

tergal view, with

6 sclerotized, in strongly 5 tergoapical stout division of or narrow

tergoapical tooth absent. teeth; sternal process

mimeticus of similar the maxilla that and including mandible of to characters Larva

dark, by 1-C distinct frontoclypeus separated from suture; subgroup. seta Labrum

fringed paddle-shaped, evenly with fine 30, single. than scales Comb 4-P Seta stout.

siphon, 1/3 teeth; of 9-14 of moderately long; in straight, basal Siphon spicules. pecten

ventral. 1-S almost seta

Pupa below. described

placed (1976) in Cx. boninensis (1957) Kamimura and discussion. Bohart Taxonomic

species explained of this

features they although Culex, that subgenus the

were

some

probable (1976) "it that subgenus. stated Sirivanakarn for most the unusual

appears

genitalia judging by and male subgenus the distinct probably boninensis represents

it, describing subgenus for he have

before However, characters." to adult appears

a new

fully (1979) illustrated the described and al. field. Tanaka science departed the from et

palpus of the male expressed the character genitalia "Due larva, and adult, and male to

position subgenus in taxonomic the isolated

genitalia, boninensis have and to appears an

peculiar of this characters." The exhibit However, larvae do the Culex. not pupa

any

Culex, subgenus for of the with except identical that species almost found be to

was

peculiar characteristics adult sculpture. Here, believe the I imbrication of dermal distinct

subgenus, dedicate its

and distinct

establish sufficient above enumerated to to name a are

Sirivanakarn. Dr. Sunthorn

Sirivanakarnius subgenus of the The pupa

of semicircular; of facets with feeble lateralia with lobe each traces Dorsal apotome

1/3 pinna long cylindrical; All

about 5; index Trumpet trumpet. compound

as as eye. ca

ll-C; 2-C sometimes for cephalothoracic branched except shorter than trumpet, setae

2-C; separated shortest; from 6-C 8-C lateraiia; margin posterior well 3-C of close to

226 Entomol. Zool. Med.

forming caudad of base. Middle of metathorax plate. distinct trumpet median not

square

imbrication; Abdominal and pronounced with terga covered dis- I tergum sterna

very

tinctly intersegmental reticulate partially weakly median sclerotized membrane part;

typical reticulate.

Seta secondary float 1-I with hair branches; short, 1-II

very

numerous

penicillate; respective 1-III-VI long than half

Seta 2-II terga. next ante-

more as

respective 3-II; of margin 2-III-VI rolaterad posterior of mesad of and close 1 setae to

respective usually 2-VII Seta 2-I; anterolaterad of close 1-VII. terga; similar 3-I 3-I-III to

always 11-(2, almost branched. 2 Seta 3-I; 4-I closer 6-I than 4-IV-VII anterolaterad to to to

respective longer of respective Seta and 5-II -III 5. than of 4; and mesad 5-IV- setae setae

longest respective VI of of single, Setae always and 6-I -II slender, almost segments. setae

longest respective of of always branched, 6-III-VI almost and-VI 6-V segments; setae

little slightly -IV; than 6-III of stronger and 6-VII caudad and with tandem mesad of 9-

only Setae VII. respective 7-I little and-II 6; 8-III; shorter than 7-III shorter than setae

long longer 8-IV; 7-IV 8-V; single.

always than 7-V 7-VI almost and -VII Seta 8-VII

as as

longer preceding than much single, branched; of Seta often 8 9-I 9-II-V segments. setae

respective posterior of 1/4-1/3 caudad 7; inserted 9-VII of side close tergum setae to

stiff, margin, distinctly barbed, apically; often subdivided similar 9-VIII with 9-VII but to

branches, inserted margin,

cephalad close side

little of removed sternum to