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COMMON OF THE WEST COAST NATIONAL PARK VERY DANGEROUS MILDLY DANGEROUS VENOMOUS HARMLESS Has caused Painful bite, but does Not thought Not dangerous human fatalities not require antivenom to be harmful to humans

VERY VERY VERY VERY DANGEROUS DANGEROUS DANGEROUS DANGEROUS Cape - juvenile Cape Boomslang - male Cape Boomslang - female ( nivea) (Naja nivea) Photo Marius Burger (Dispholidus typus typus) (Dispholidus typus typus)

VERY MILDLY MILDLY MILDLY DANGEROUS VENOMOUS VENOMOUS VENOMOUS Puff Adder Cape Grass Sand Snake Cross-marked Grass Snake (Bitis arietans arietans) ( leightoni) Photo André Coetzer (Psammophis notostictus) (Psammophis crucifer)

MILDLY MILDLY CAN INFLICT CAN INFLICT VENOMOUS VENOMOUS A NASTY BITE A NASTY BITE Spotted Skaapsteker Herald or Red-lipped Snake Mole Snake Mole Snake - juvenile ( rhombeatus) (Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia) (Pseudaspis cana) (Pseudaspis cana) Photo Tyrone Ping

HARMLESS HARMLESS HARMLESS HARMLESS

Aurora House Snake Common Brown Water Snake Rhombic Egg-eater Common Slug-eater (Lamprophis aurora) (Lycodonomorphus rufulus) Photo Tyrone Ping (Dasypeltis scabra) (Duberria lutrix lutrix) © Johan Marais African Snakebite Institute Snakebite African © Johan Marais

JOHAN MARAIS is the author of various books on including the best-seller A Complete Guide to Snakes of . He is a popular public speaker and offers a variety of courses including Snake Awareness, Scorpion Awareness EMERGENCY PROTOCOL and Handling. Johan is accredited by the International Society of Zoological Sciences (ISZS) and is a IN THE EVENT OF A SNAKE BITE Field Guides Association of Southern Africa (FGASA) and DO NOT ww Travel Doctor-approved service provider. His courses are 1 Keep the victim calm, immobilized and ... apply a tourniquet. also accredited by the Health Professions Council of transport the victim to the closest ... cut and suck the wound. (HPCSA). ... use ice or very hot water. hospital without delay. ... give the victim alcohol. ... apply electric shock. 2 If the victim stops breathing, resort to ... inject antivenom randomly. artificial respiration or make use of a Antivenom (if required) must Johan Marais | African Snakebite Institute Bag Valve Mask. be administered by a doctor +27 82 494 2039 | [email protected] 3 Call the Poison Information Centre help- in a hospital environment. www.AFRICANSNAKEBITEINSTITUTE.com line for further advice: 0861 555 777.