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The Dark Unknown History
Ds 2014:8 The Dark Unknown History White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century Ds 2014:8 The Dark Unknown History White Paper on Abuses and Rights Violations Against Roma in the 20th Century 2 Swedish Government Official Reports (SOU) and Ministry Publications Series (Ds) can be purchased from Fritzes' customer service. Fritzes Offentliga Publikationer are responsible for distributing copies of Swedish Government Official Reports (SOU) and Ministry publications series (Ds) for referral purposes when commissioned to do so by the Government Offices' Office for Administrative Affairs. Address for orders: Fritzes customer service 106 47 Stockholm Fax orders to: +46 (0)8-598 191 91 Order by phone: +46 (0)8-598 191 90 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.fritzes.se Svara på remiss – hur och varför. [Respond to a proposal referred for consideration – how and why.] Prime Minister's Office (SB PM 2003:2, revised 02/05/2009) – A small booklet that makes it easier for those who have to respond to a proposal referred for consideration. The booklet is free and can be downloaded or ordered from http://www.regeringen.se/ (only available in Swedish) Cover: Blomquist Annonsbyrå AB. Printed by Elanders Sverige AB Stockholm 2015 ISBN 978-91-38-24266-7 ISSN 0284-6012 3 Preface In March 2014, the then Minister for Integration Erik Ullenhag presented a White Paper entitled ‘The Dark Unknown History’. It describes an important part of Swedish history that had previously been little known. The White Paper has been very well received. Both Roma people and the majority population have shown great interest in it, as have public bodies, central government agencies and local authorities. -
New Chryse and the Provinces
New Chryse and the Provinces The city of New Chryse is actually several connected cities. The Upper City is located on a break in the crater rim, looking down past a steep rock to the Lower City. Inside the da Vinci crater rim lies the Inner City, also known as the Old City – Red Era tunnels and cave shelters, as well as several nanocomposite towers and cupolas on Mona Lys Ridge looking down on the lower parts of the city. The Lower city lies in a valley sloping down to the Harbour City, which fills a crater 20 kilometres to the East. The Harbour City crater is connected to Camiling Bay and the sea through two canyons and is very well protected from both wind and ice. South of the Lower City and Harbour City lies The Slopes, a straight slope into the sea that is covered with sprawl and slums. Mona Lys Ridge is a mixture of palatial estates surrounded by gardens, imposing official imperial buildings and towering ancient structures used by the highest ranks of the Empire. The central imperial administration and especially the Council is housed in the Deimos Needle, a diamondoid tower that together with its sibling the Phobos Needle dominate the skyline. Escalators allow swift and discreet transport down to the lower levels of the city, and can easily be defended by the police force. North of Mona Lys lies a secluded garden city for higher administrators, guild officials and lesser nobility. The Inner City is to a large extent part of Mona Lys, although most of the inhabitants of Mona Lys do not care much for the dusty old tunnels and hidden vaults – that is left to the Guild of Antiquarians who maintain and protect it. -
Observations of the Marker Bed at Gale Crater with Recommendations for Future Exploration by the Curiosity Rover
52nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2021 (LPI Contrib. No. 2548) 1484.pdf OBSERVATIONS OF THE MARKER BED AT GALE CRATER WITH RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FUTURE EXPLORATION BY THE CURIOSITY ROVER. C. M. Weitz1, J. L. Bishop2, B. J. Thomson3, K. D. Seelos4, K. Lewis5, I. Ettenborough3, and R. E. Arvidson6. 1Planetary Science Institute, 1700 East Fort Lowell, Tuc- son, AZ ([email protected]); 2SETI Institute, Carl Sagan Center, Mountain View, CA; 3Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Univ. Tennessee, Knoxville, TN; 4Planetary Exploration Group, JHU Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD; 5Dept Earth and Planetary Sciences, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; 6Dept Earth and Planetary Sci- ences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri. Introduction: A dark-toned marker bed is ob- pearance across the mound. Most of the sulfates served within the sulfates at Gale crater [1,2]. This above/below the marker bed are stratified, heavily marker bed is characterized by a dark-toned, smooth fractured, and erode into boulder-size blocks, but there surface that appears more indurated and retains more are examples where the sulfates appear massive with craters relative to the sulfate-bearing layers above and limited fracturing and no boulders eroding from the below it. The bed has a distinct physical appearance unit (Fig. 3a). from the sulfates in which it occurs, suggesting a change in the environment or geochemistry for a brief period of time within the depositional sequence that formed the sulfates or post-deposition alteration. In this study, we utilized HiRISE and CTX images to identify and map the occurrence of the marker bed throughout Aeolis Mons. -
Rus Eastern Viking' and the Viking Rower Shifting' Etymology
ELDAR HEIDE Rus eastern Viking' and the viking rower shifting' etymology In Heide 2005 I argued that Old Norse viking f. and vikingr m. belong to the same root as vika f. nautical distance unit’, originally ‘the dis tance between two shifts of rowers’ (from the root *wtk- ‘receding’). The feminine viking, which may be compared to Modern English -ing derivations like running or cycling, would then literally mean ‘shifting’, and originally refer to the shifting of rowers on sea-voyages. From this word denoting an activity, the masculine vikingr referring to a per son performing this activity could be derived. I also argued that Old Frisian forms like witzing indicate that a word “Viking” existed in the Frisian-English proto-language before the migration to England in the mid-5th century, because the palatalization of k before front vowels is that old. (The modern English form is a late borrowing.) In that case, the word Viking originated in a pre-sail culture, which fits the ‘rower shifting’ etymology. A long-distance sea-journey undertaken by rowing would be dominated by the shifting of rowers. Therefore pos sibly it could be referred to as “shifting”, like “fishing” in Scandinavia is referred to as “rowing”, because in pre-engine times, a fishing trip would be dominated by rowing. Here 1 would like to add a point to this reasoning. The terms Russia Heide, E., doctorate fellow, Department of Nordic Languages and Literature/ Centre of Mediaeval Studies, University of Bergen."Rus eastern Viking’ and the viking ‘rower shifting’ etymology”,ANF 121 (2006 ), pp. -
Pacing Early Mars Fluvial Activity at Aeolis Dorsa: Implications for Mars
1 Pacing Early Mars fluvial activity at Aeolis Dorsa: Implications for Mars 2 Science Laboratory observations at Gale Crater and Aeolis Mons 3 4 Edwin S. Kitea ([email protected]), Antoine Lucasa, Caleb I. Fassettb 5 a Caltech, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA 91125 6 b Mount Holyoke College, Department of Astronomy, South Hadley, MA 01075 7 8 Abstract: The impactor flux early in Mars history was much higher than today, so sedimentary 9 sequences include many buried craters. In combination with models for the impactor flux, 10 observations of the number of buried craters can constrain sedimentation rates. Using the 11 frequency of crater-river interactions, we find net sedimentation rate ≲20-300 μm/yr at Aeolis 12 Dorsa. This sets a lower bound of 1-15 Myr on the total interval spanned by fluvial activity 13 around the Noachian-Hesperian transition. We predict that Gale Crater’s mound (Aeolis Mons) 14 took at least 10-100 Myr to accumulate, which is testable by the Mars Science Laboratory. 15 16 1. Introduction. 17 On Mars, many craters are embedded within sedimentary sequences, leading to the 18 recognition that the planet’s geological history is recorded in “cratered volumes”, rather than 19 just cratered surfaces (Edgett and Malin, 2002). For a given impact flux, the density of craters 20 interbedded within a geologic unit is inversely proportional to the deposition rate of that 21 geologic unit (Smith et al. 2008). To use embedded-crater statistics to constrain deposition 22 rate, it is necessary to distinguish the population of interbedded craters from a (usually much 23 more numerous) population of craters formed during and after exhumation. -
Geophysical and Remote Sensing Study of Terrestrial Planets
GEOPHYSICAL AND REMOTE SENSING STUDY OF TERRESTRIAL PLANETS A Dissertation Presented to The Academic Faculty By Lujendra Ojha In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology August, 2016 COPYRIGHT © 2016 BY LUJENDRA OJHA GEOPHYSICAL AND REMOTE SENSING STUDY OF TERRESTRIAL PLANETS Approved by: Dr. James Wray, Advisor Dr. Ken Ferrier School of Earth and Atmospheric School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Joseph Dufek Dr. Suzanne Smrekar School of Earth and Atmospheric Jet Propulsion laboratory Sciences California Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Britney Schmidt School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Date Approved: June 27th, 2016. To Rama, Tank, Jaika, Manjesh, Reeyan, and Kali. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks Mom, Dad and Jaika for putting up with me and always being there. Thank you Kali for being such an awesome girl and being there when I needed you. Kali, you are the most beautiful girl in the world. Never forget that! Thanks Midtown Tavern for the hangovers. Thanks Waffle House for curing my hangovers. Thanks Sarah Sutton for guiding me into planetary science. Thanks Alfred McEwen for the continued support and mentoring since 2008. Thanks Sue Smrekar for taking me under your wings and teaching me about planetary geodynamics. Thanks Dan Nunes for guiding me in the gravity world. Thanks Ken Ferrier for helping me study my favorite planet. Thanks Scott Murchie for helping me become a better scientist. Thanks Marion Masse for being such a good friend and a mentor. -
Global Spectral Classification of Martian Low-Albedo Regions with Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (MGS-TES) Data A
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, E02004, doi:10.1029/2006JE002726, 2007 Global spectral classification of Martian low-albedo regions with Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (MGS-TES) data A. Deanne Rogers,1 Joshua L. Bandfield,2 and Philip R. Christensen2 Received 4 April 2006; revised 12 August 2006; accepted 13 September 2006; published 14 February 2007. [1] Martian low-albedo surfaces (defined here as surfaces with Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (MGS-TES) albedo values 0.15) were reexamined for regional variations in spectral response. Low-albedo regions exhibit spatially coherent variations in spectral character, which in this work are grouped into 11 representative spectral shapes. The use of these spectral shapes in modeling global surface emissivity results in refined distributions of previously determined global spectral unit types (Surface Types 1 and 2). Pure Type 2 surfaces are less extensive than previously thought, and are mostly confined to the northern lowlands. Regional-scale spectral variations are present within areas previously mapped as Surface Type 1 or as a mixture of the two surface types, suggesting variations in mineral abundance among basaltic units. For example, Syrtis Major, which was the Surface Type 1 type locality, is spectrally distinct from terrains that were also previously mapped as Type 1. A spectral difference also exists between southern and northern Acidalia Planitia, which may be due in part to a small amount of dust cover in southern Acidalia. Groups of these spectral shapes can be averaged to produce spectra that are similar to Surface Types 1 and 2, indicating that the originally derived surface types are representative of the average of all low-albedo regions. -
Scandinavian Influence in Kievan Rus
Katie Lane HST 499 Spring 2005 VIKINGS IN THE EAST: SCANDINAVIAN INFLUENCE IN KIEVAN RUS The Vikings, referred to as Varangians in Eastern Europe, were known throughout Europe as traders and raiders, and perhaps the creators or instigators of the first organized Russian state: Kievan Rus. It is the intention of this paper to explore the evidence of the Viking or Varangian presence in Kievan Rus, more specifically the areas that are now the Ukraine and Western Russia. There is not an argument over whether the Vikings were present in the region, but rather over the effect their presence had on the native Slavic people and their government. This paper will explore and explain the research of several scholars, who generally ascribe to one of the rival Norman and Anti- Norman Theories, as well as looking at the evidence that appears in the Russian Primary Chronicle, some of the laws in place in the eleventh century, and two of the Icelandic Sagas that take place in modern Russia. The state of Kievan Rus was the dominant political entity in the modern country the Ukraine and western Russia beginning in the tenth century and lasting until Ivan IV's death in 1584.1 The region "extended from Novgorod on the Volkhov River southward across the divide where the Volga, the West Dvina, and the Dnieper Rivers all had their origins, and down the Dnieper just past Kiev."2 It was during this period that the Slavs of the region converted to Christianity, under the ruler Vladimir in 988 C.E.3 The princes that ruled Kievan Rus collected tribute from the Slavic people in the form of local products, which were then traded in the foreign markets, as Janet Martin explains: "The Lane/ 2 fur, wax, and honey that the princes collected from the Slav tribes had limited domestic use. -
R. M. E. Williams, 2017, Shaler: a Fluvial Sedimentary Deposit on Mars, Sedimentology
Rebecca M. (Eby) Williams Planetary Science Institute (p) 608-729-7786 (e) [email protected] Education: PhD., 2000, Planetary Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO B.A., 1995, Cum Laude, Physics and Geology, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA Relevant Work History: Planetary Science Institute, Tucson, AZ 2011-Present Senior Scientist 2005-2010 Research Scientist Smithsonian Institution, Center for Earth and Planetary Science, Washington, DC 2004-2006 Research Associate, Lindbergh Fellow Malin Space Science Systems, Inc., San Diego, CA 2002-2004 Staff Scientist 2001-2002 Post-Doctoral Research Associate Awards & Service: 2006 NASA Carl Sagan Fellowship for Early Career Researchers 2011 MRO CTX Science Team NASA Group Achievement Award 2013 MSL Science Office Development and Operations Team, NASA Group Achievement Award 2013-Present ESA ExoMars Landing Site Selection Working Group (LSSWG) Member 2015 NASA Next Orbiter to Mars Science Advisory Group (NEX-SAG) Member 2015 MSL Prime Mission Science and Operations Team, NASA Group Achievement Award 2017 Friend of Education, Waunakee Teachers Association Field Experience: Deltas in Patagonia, Chile, PI, November 2018. Inverted paleochannels & alluvial fans, Pampa del Tamarugal region, Atacama Desert, Chile, PI, Nov 2010, June 2012, May 2016, Nov. 2017. Inverted paleochannels, Ebro Basin, Spain, Co-I, Feb. 2017 (PI Michael Lamb). Rover operations testing, Co-I, near Vernal, UT, Oct. 2017; Green River, UT, April 2016 (GeoHeuristic Operational Strategies Testing, GHOST, PI Aileen Yingst). Inverted paleochannels near Baker, CA, PI, Sep 2014, April 2016. Inverted paleochannels near Cadney, South Australia, PI, May 2011. Meandering channels of the Quinn River, Nevada, Co-I, July 2010, Oct. 2011. Inverted paleochannels, Cape York Peninsula, Queensland, Australia, PI, July 2009. -
Exobiology in the Solar System & the Search for Life on Mars
SP-1231 SP-1231 October 1999 Exobiology in the Solar System & The Search for Life on Mars for The Search Exobiology in the Solar System & Exobiology in the Solar System & The Search for Life on Mars Report from the ESA Exobiology Team Study 1997-1998 Contact: ESA Publications Division c/o ESTEC, PO Box 299, 2200 AG Noordwijk, The Netherlands Tel. (31) 71 565 3400 - Fax (31) 71 565 5433 SP-1231 October 1999 EXOBIOLOGY IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE SEARCH FOR LIFE ON MARS Report from the ESA Exobiology Team Study 1997-1998 Cover Fossil coccoid bacteria, 1 µm in diameter, found in sediment 3.3-3.5 Gyr old from the Early Archean of South Africa. See pages 160-161. Background: a portion of the meandering canyons of the Nanedi Valles system viewed by Mars Global Surveyor. The valley is about 2.5 km wide; the scene covers 9.8 km by 27.9 km centred on 5.1°N/48.26°W. The valley floor at top right exhibits a 200 m-wide channel covered by dunes and debris. This channel suggests that the valley might have been carved by water flowing through the system over a long period, in a manner similar to rivers on Earth. (Malin Space Science Systems/NASA) SP-1231 ‘Exobiology in the Solar System and The Search for Life on Mars’, ISBN 92-9092-520-5 Scientific Coordinators: André Brack, Brian Fitton and François Raulin Edited by: Andrew Wilson ESA Publications Division Published by: ESA Publications Division ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands Price: 70 Dutch Guilders/ EUR32 Copyright: © 1999 European Space Agency Contents Foreword 7 I An Exobiological View of the -
Part Two Northmen: Identities and State Formation in Scandinavia
Part Two Northmen: Identities and State Formation in Scandinavia 4. PEOPLE AND LAND IN EARLY SCANDINAVIA Stefan Brink ow do Tyskland, Deutschland, Duitsland, Germany, An Ghearmáin, Allemagne, Alemania, Německo, Vācija, and Saksa all relate to each Hother? Well, the answer to this silly question is, of course, that they all are the names of one and the same territorialized political entity found in Europe. Given that, why do we not use one single name for this entity, especially today in our modern, controlled, and nivellating, society of EU-conformism? The answer to this question touches upon the very core of a research field called ‘onomastics’, which studies how names are coined and who coins them. In Sweden (my homeland), our neighbour to the south is Tyskland (if we ignore Bornholm), and etymologically we share the name for this European geographical and political entity with the inhabitants of the country itself, Deutchland, and with the Dutch, who uses the name Duitsland. The name Germany is used in English, Germania in Italian, Германия in Russian, and An Ghearmáin in Irish. In eastern Europe the name of the country is derived from a stem Nem-: Německo in Czeck, Nemecko in Slovak, Niemcy in Polish, and Németország in Hungarian. East of the Baltic the name is derived from a totally different stem beginning with Vo-/Va- as in Latvian Vācija and in Lithuanian Vokietija; whereas Allemagne is used in France, and Alemania in Spain. The Finns, however, use a different designation, namely Saksa, which is similar to Saksamaa in Estonian. Of course, this usage of different names for nations and people is not a new or modern phenomenon as many modern names have roots in early history, and even in prehistory. -
Ebook < Impact Craters on Mars # Download
7QJ1F2HIVR # Impact craters on Mars « Doc Impact craters on Mars By - Reference Series Books LLC Mrz 2012, 2012. Taschenbuch. Book Condition: Neu. 254x192x10 mm. This item is printed on demand - Print on Demand Neuware - Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 50. Chapters: List of craters on Mars: A-L, List of craters on Mars: M-Z, Ross Crater, Hellas Planitia, Victoria, Endurance, Eberswalde, Eagle, Endeavour, Gusev, Mariner, Hale, Tooting, Zunil, Yuty, Miyamoto, Holden, Oudemans, Lyot, Becquerel, Aram Chaos, Nicholson, Columbus, Henry, Erebus, Schiaparelli, Jezero, Bonneville, Gale, Rampart crater, Ptolemaeus, Nereus, Zumba, Huygens, Moreux, Galle, Antoniadi, Vostok, Wislicenus, Penticton, Russell, Tikhonravov, Newton, Dinorwic, Airy-0, Mojave, Virrat, Vernal, Koga, Secchi, Pedestal crater, Beagle, List of catenae on Mars, Santa Maria, Denning, Caxias, Sripur, Llanesco, Tugaske, Heimdal, Nhill, Beer, Brashear Crater, Cassini, Mädler, Terby, Vishniac, Asimov, Emma Dean, Iazu, Lomonosov, Fram, Lowell, Ritchey, Dawes, Atlantis basin, Bouguer Crater, Hutton, Reuyl, Porter, Molesworth, Cerulli, Heinlein, Lockyer, Kepler, Kunowsky, Milankovic, Korolev, Canso, Herschel, Escalante, Proctor, Davies, Boeddicker, Flaugergues, Persbo, Crivitz, Saheki, Crommlin, Sibu, Bernard, Gold, Kinkora, Trouvelot, Orson Welles, Dromore, Philips, Tractus Catena, Lod, Bok, Stokes, Pickering, Eddie, Curie, Bonestell, Hartwig, Schaeberle, Bond, Pettit, Fesenkov, Púnsk, Dejnev, Maunder, Mohawk, Green, Tycho Brahe, Arandas, Pangboche, Arago, Semeykin, Pasteur, Rabe, Sagan, Thira, Gilbert, Arkhangelsky, Burroughs, Kaiser, Spallanzani, Galdakao, Baltisk, Bacolor, Timbuktu,... READ ONLINE [ 7.66 MB ] Reviews If you need to adding benefit, a must buy book. Better then never, though i am quite late in start reading this one. I discovered this publication from my i and dad advised this pdf to find out. -- Mrs. Glenda Rodriguez A brand new e-book with a new viewpoint.