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FIFA World Cup 2018 – Human Rights Guide for Reporters

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FIFA World Cup 2018 – Human Rights Guide for Reporters HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH HUMAN RIGHTS GUIDE FOR REPORTERS 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia Russia: FIFA World Cup 2018 Human Rights Guide for Reporters Copyright © 2018 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-36024 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org MAY 2018 ISBN: 978-1-6231-36024 Russia: FIFA World Cup 2018 Human Rights Guide for Reporters Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 Labor Issues ............................................................................................................................. 1 Deteriorating Human Rights Situation in Russia ....................................................................... 2 Concerns in Chechnya ............................................................................................................. 2 FIFA’s Human Rights Policy ....................................................................................................... 3 MAP OF THE 2018 FIFA WORLD CUP HOST CITIES IN RUSSIA ................................................ 5 I. Human Rights Abuses Linked to Preparations for the 2018 World Cup .............................. 6 Labor Rights ............................................................................................................................ 6 Failure to Provide Employment Contracts and Pay Regular Wages ....................................... 8 Working in Extreme Cold .................................................................................................... 9 Deaths and Serious Injuries .............................................................................................. 10 North Korean Workers on World Cup Stadium in St. Petersburg ......................................... 11 Intimidation and Retaliation ................................................................................................... 12 Intimidation and Retaliation Against Workers ................................................................... 12 Strikes and Other Protest Actions ..................................................................................... 13 FIFA’s Labor Monitoring Ahead of the 2018 World Cup ............................................................. 15 Concerns with FIFA’s Monitoring System ................................................................................. 16 Freedom of Assembly ............................................................................................................. 17 Presidential Decree No. 202 ............................................................................................. 17 II. Human Rights in Russia ................................................................................................ 19 Crackdown on Freedom of Expression ..................................................................................... 19 Crackdown on Freedom of Assembly ....................................................................................... 22 Human Rights Crisis in Chechnya ............................................................................................ 24 Suppression of Opposition Campaign Activities ..................................................................... 26 Discrimination and Violence Against LGBT People ................................................................... 27 Lack of Domestic Violence Protections ................................................................................... 29 III. Russia’s Role in Syria .................................................................................................. 30 1 IV. Human Rights Conditions in World Cup Cities .............................................................. 32 Moscow .................................................................................................................................. 32 St. Petersburg ......................................................................................................................... 32 Kazan ..................................................................................................................................... 33 Volgograd ............................................................................................................................... 33 Rostov-on-Don ........................................................................................................................ 34 Sochi ...................................................................................................................................... 34 Nizhnii Novgorod .................................................................................................................... 35 Kaliningrad ............................................................................................................................. 35 Ekaterinburg ........................................................................................................................... 35 Saransk .................................................................................................................................. 36 Samara................................................................................................................................... 36 V. FIFA’s Human Rights Commitments ............................................................................... 37 Citations from Key Elements of FIFA’s Human Rights Policy ...................................................... 37 Report by the FIFA Human Rights Advisory Board ..................................................................... 38 Compilation of Recommendations Human Rights Watch Has Made to FIFA ............................... 39 VI. Contacts ...................................................................................................................... 43 Regional NGOs ....................................................................................................................... 43 RUSSIA: FIFA WORLD CUP 2018 2 Introduction On December 2, 2010, the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) named Russia to host the 2018 World Cup, with Qatar picked as host for 2022. The decisions were controversial and drew widespread criticism for allegations that there had been corruption in the bidding process. The World Cup will be the third major international sporting event that Russia has hosted in the past five years—several Russian cities hosted the FIFA Confederations Cup in summer 2017, and in 2014 Russia hosted the Winter Olympics in Sochi. This reporters’ guide looks beyond the state-of-the-art stadiums and shiny new hotels and summarizes the numerous human rights concerns surrounding Russia’s preparations for the World Cup, the general situation for human rights in Russia, and FIFA’s human rights commitments. Human Rights Watch hopes that journalists and sports reporters covering the World Cup will consider extending their reporting to address labor rights concerns associated with Russia’s preparations for the World Cup; rampant repression in Chechnya, where the republic’s capital is hosting the Egypt national team’s training camp; the larger ongoing human rights crackdown in Russia; and Russia’s continued involvement in abusive military operations jointly with government forces in Syria. This reporters’ guide will be a resource for this endeavor. Labor Issues In order to host the World Cup, Russia has built or renovated 10 stadiums and built infrastructure necessary to accommodate the influx of thousands of players, coaches, families, and journalists, as well as hundreds of thousands of fans. The government is improving infrastructure in several World Cup host cities, such as airports, hotels, roads, and transportation. To complete these massive construction projects, Russian construction firms have hired tens of thousands of laborers, many of whom are migrant workers from within Russia or from former Soviet republics. 1 HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH | MAY 2018 In 2016 and 2017, Human Rights Watch researchers visited seven World Cup stadium sites and documented various forms of exploitation of construction workers. Our findings were published in a June 2017 report, Red Card: Exploitation of Construction Workers on World Cup Sites in Russia. This reporters’ guide summarizes those findings. The types of abuses workers reported were similar to those documented by Human Rights Watch during Russia’s preparations for the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi and are pervasive in Russia’s construction industry. As of April 2018, the global trade union Building and Wood Workers’ International reported 21 worker deaths on World Cup stadium sites. Hundreds of workers at World Cup stadium sites
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