Imitatio Trinitatis: How Should We Imitate the Trinity?
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Love of Christ • Thank God for His Great Love That Enables You to Be Victorious Over Every Trial and Difficulty
PRAYER Love of Christ • ThAnk God for His greAt love thAt enAbles you to be victorious over every triAl And difficulty. PrAy thAt you will continue to WEEK 14 know more About God And His greAt love for you. • PrAy for A fAmily member or friend going through A chAllenging WARM-UP situAtion to hAve A greAter understAnding of the depth of God’s love. PrAy for them to hAve courAge And experience victory • WhAt’s your fAvorite love story from A movie or book? WhAt do because of it. you like the most about it? • Ask God for A person you cAn encourAge this week. PrAy for • Is there An object thAt you like holding or hAving Around this person to experience the reality of God’s love. because it makes you feel safe or at peace? Share about it. • Tell About A time you did something courAgeous out of love. NOTES What happened? WORD 31If God is for us, who can be against us? 32He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all, how will he not also with him graciously give us all things? ^ROMANS 8:31,32 These verses do not sAy thAt if we surrender our lives to God, we will no longer hAve enemies. InsteAd, they give us the AssurAnce thAt no enemy cAn stAnd AgAinst us, becAuse God Himself is fighting for us. God is for us. He expressed the fullness of His greAt love for us through Jesus, His Son, not spAring Him but sending Him to be A sAcrifice for our sAlvAtion. -
Love Believes All Things: Paul’S Hymn to Love, Heraclitus’S Ever-Lasting Logos, and the Way of Total Surrender
Love Believes All Things: Paul’s Hymn to Love, Heraclitus’s Ever-lasting Logos, and the Way of Total Surrender “For the most part the knowledge of things divine escapes us because of our unbelief.” - Heraclitus The Fragments Today, August 7th, St. Paul’s Hymn to Love (1 Corinthians 13) was chanted in the temple during the Divine Liturgy. Abbot Damien gave a brief homily on it, saying that it was a favorite of many people, but that it made him cringe because of the great demand and responsibility that St. Paul puts before us. I believe that it’s a favorite of many people (myself included) because there is something deeply true about it. We recognize it from the depths of our being. It is an echo from of our true home, Paradise lost. It makes us cringe because we see how far away we are from, in the words of a Carmelite prayer to St. Therese, “the Homeland of unchanging Love”. Most of the Hymn to Love is fairly easy to grasp and feels natural in the truest sense of the word. It reads like it was spilled onto the page in an enraptured swoon of the Divine Spirit moving in St. Paul, a cathartic pouring out of holy longing. However, there is one verse, and in particular one part of the verse that I could not immediately understand and which I chose to meditate on: “(Love)...bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.” Love ‘believes all things’. What does this mean? A cursory and superficial reading might make one think that Love is foolish and gullible, that it accepts obvious lies as truth. -
Ethics and Imitatio Christi in 1 John: a Jewish Perspective
Tyndale Bulletin 69.1 (2018) 111-131 ETHICS AND IMITATIO CHRISTI IN 1 JOHN A JEWISH PERSPECTIVE Mavis M. Leung ([email protected]) Summary This paper focuses on one of the ethical features of 1 John, namely ‘the imitation of Christ’. It argues that this ethical feature is related to the believers’ identity and vocation as the people of God. Just as in the OT Israel is obliged to reflect God’s nature in everyday life, the believers must take on Jesus’ character as their character and follow in his footsteps to surrender one’s own life for the benefits of others. The result of this paper indicates that the weight of the Jewish ethical thoughts in the formation of Johannine ethics is more important than often acknowledged. 1. Introduction The last two decades have seen a surge of scholarly interest in topics surrounding Johannine ethics or ethos. Recent publications are in general more affirmative of the place and importance of the (implicit) ethics in John’s Gospel and Epistles,1 in contrast to some previous 1 E.g. Cornelis Bennema, Mimesis in the Johannine Literature: A Study in Johannine Ethics (London: Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2017); Jan G. van der Watt, ‘Reciprocity, Mimesis and Ethics in 1 John’ in Erzählung und Briefe im johanneischen Kreis, ed. Uta Poplutz and Jörg Frey (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2016): 257-76; Jörg Frey, ‘Ethical Traditions, Family Ethos, and Love in the Johannine Literature’ in Early Christian Ethics in Interaction with Jewish and Graeco-Roman Contexts, ed. Jan Willem van Henten and Joseph Verheyden (Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2013): 167-203; Jan G. -
Doctrine and Beliefs: Trinity: God Eternally Exists As Three Persons
Doctrine and Beliefs: Trinity: God eternally exists as three persons: God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. The three distinct persons of the Trinity are all fully God; all of God’s attributes are true of each person and together they are one God. While the word “trinity” never appears in Scripture, it is an accepted doctrine based on the Bible’s teachings as a whole. We see throughout Scripture, evidence of the Trinity (Matthew 3:16-17, Matthew 28:19, John 1:1-5, John 13:20, 1 Corinthians 12:4-6, 2 Corinthians 13:14, Ephesians 2:18, 1 Peter 1:2). Additional Supportive Scripture: John 1:14, John 10:30, John 14 16-17, John 14:26, John 15:26, 1 Corinthians 8:6, Ephesians 4:4-6, Philippians 2:5-8, Colossians 1:15-17, Colossians 2:9-10, 1 John 5:7-8 God the Father: The first member of the Trinity is God the Father. He is the Creator and Sustainer of all things (Genesis 1:1, Colossians 1:16, Acts 4:24, Hebrews 1:3, Revelation 4:11). God is sovereign and infinite, meaning He has no limitations. God the Father can be intimately known but because of His infiniteness, He can never be fully known (Psalm 145:3, Jeremiah 9:23-24, Romans 11:33). God the Father can only be known through Jesus (Matthew 11:27, John 14:6). Jesus Christ: Jesus is the second member of the Trinity and the Son of God. He is God incarnate as man, and He is both fully God and fully human (Luke 24:39, John 1:1, John 1:18, Romans 9:5, Colossians 1:19, Colossians 2:9). -
Judaism and Artistic Creativity: Despite Maimonides and Thanks to Him
MENACHEM KELLNER Judaism and Artistic Creativity: Despite Maimonides and Thanks to Him IN SEEKING TO UNDERSTAND the place of artistic creativity in Judaism, Maimonides hardly appears to be a promising source with which to start. His emphasis on intellectual perfection as the defining characteristic of humanity would not appear to make him a promising candidate for our project. This is all the more the case when we consider that, for him, intellectual perfection involves the apprehension of already established truth, not the creation of new knowledge. Despite this, I suggest that Maimonides can be very helpful in seeking to elaborate a Jewish approach to the value of artistic creativity. Maimonides may have been the first posek to count the imitation of God (imitatio Dei ) as a specific commandment of the Torah. Yea or nay, he certain - ly emphasized its importance. The first text in which Maimonides discusses the imitation of God is his Book of Commandments , positive commandment 8: Walking in God’s ways. By this injunction we are commanded to be like God (praised be He) as far as it is in our power. This injunction is con - tained in His words, And you shall walk in His ways (Deut. 28:9), and also in an earlier verse in His words, [ What does the Lord require of you, but to fear the Lord your God, ] to walk in all His ways? (Deut. 10:2). On this latter verse the Sages comment as follows: “Just as the Holy One, blessed be He, is called merciful [ rahum ], so should you be merciful; just as He is called gracious [ hanun ], so should you be gracious; just as he is called righteous [ tsadik ], so should you be righteous; just as He is called saintly MENACHEM KELLNER is Chair of the Department of Philosophy and Jewish Thought at Shalem College Jerusalem and Wolfson Professor Emeritus of Jewish Thought at the University of Haifa. -
The Imitation of Paul in the Greco-Roman World
THE IMITATION OF PAUL IN THE GRECO-ROMAN WORLD A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY By Adam C. Koontz May 2020 Examining Committee Members: Vasiliki Limberis, Advisory Chair, Department of Religion Jeremy Schipper, Department of Religion Khalid Blankinship, Department of Religion Jane DeRose Evans, Department of Art History ABSTRACT The interpretation of Paul’s command to imitate him in the New Testament has been widely and variously understood. This work uses close attention to the Hellenistic Jewish context of imitation in Paul’s world and the Latin and Greek epigraphic evidence to demonstrate that imitation was a practical strategy to unite the farflung churches of the early Christian movement. It did not establish Paul as a powerful figure over every church but was limited to those churches personally acquainted with Paul that could know how to conduct themselves by observing Paul’s example. ii UXORI CARISSIMAE iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ ii DEDICATION ................................................................................................................... iii CHAPTER 1. INTERPRETING PAULINE IMITATION ...................................................................1 2. IMITATION BEFORE THE PAULINE CORPUS .....................................................34 3. IMITATION IN THE PAULINE -
Augustine's "De Trinitate"
Theological Studies 64 (2003) AUGUSTINE’S DE TRINITATE AND LONERGAN’S REALMS OF MEANING NEIL ORMEROD [After reviewing various proposals concerning the structure of Au- gustine’s De Trinitate, the author presents a structural analysis of that work using the notion of “realms of meaning” found in Ber- nard Lonergan’s Method in Theology. It suggests that Augustine’s treatise comprises four distinct sections which present an account of the Trinity from the perspective of a biblically informed common sense (Books 1–4); of theory (Books 5–7); of interiority (Books 8–11); and finally of transcendence (Books 12–15).] Y ALL ACCOUNTS, Augustine’s De Trinitate is a complex and difficult B book. Augustine himself declared that it would be “understood only by a few.” Among the few cannot be included a number of contemporary trinitarian theologians for whom Augustine has become something of a whipping boy.1 Variously misrepresented and frequently misunderstood, a variety of theological sins have been laid at his feet, notably the sin of individualism, with more than a suspicion of modalism. Subsequently con- temporary trinitarian thought has turned wholesale from the Western tra- dition championed by Augustine and Aquinas to embrace the supposedly superior position of the East, particularly that of the Cappadocians. As Augustine scholar Michael Rene´Barnes has noted: “It is impossible to do contemporary trinitarian theology and not have a judgment on Augustine; NEIL ORMEROD received a Ph. D. in pure mathematics from the University of New South Wales, Australia, and his D. Theol. from the Melbourne College of Divinity. He is lecturer in theology at the Catholic Institute of Sydney and president of the Australian Catholic Theological Association. -
Creation and God As One, Creator, and Trinity in Early Theology Through Augustine and Its Theological Fruitfulness in the 21St Century
Creation and God as One, Creator, and Trinity in Early Theology through Augustine and Its Theological Fruitfulness in the 21st Century Submitted by Jane Ellingwood to the University of Exeter as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Theology in September 2015 This dissertation is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the dissertation may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this dissertation which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: _________Jane Ellingwood _________________________ 2 Abstract My primary argument in this thesis is that creation theologies significantly influenced early developments in the doctrine of the Trinity, especially in Augustine of Hippo’s theology. Thus this is a work of historical theology, but I conclude with proposals for how Augustine’s theologies of creation and the Trinity can be read fruitfully with modern theology. I critically analyse developments in trinitarian theologies in light of ideas that were held about creation. These include the doctrine of creation ‘out of nothing’ and ideas about other creative acts (e.g., forming or fashioning things). Irenaeus and other early theologians posited roles for God (the Father), the Word / Son, the Spirit, or Wisdom in creative acts without working out formal views on economic trinitarian acts. During the fourth century trinitarian controversies, creation ‘out of nothing’ and ideas about ‘modes of origin’ influenced thinking on consubstantiality and relations within the Trinity. -
The Pneumatic Person of Christ
prevailed in certain fringes of the eastern church. Else- where, though officially and nominally the greater majority of the church, both East and West, held faith- fully to the declarations of Chalcedon, a pronounced uneasiness concerning the relationship of the human and divine in Christ began to exist. It has remained a constant undercurrent in theology to this day. Today it is the vogue to read or hear of “the crisis of Chalcedon” or of “Chalcedon abandoned,” as modern theologians cast away allegiance to their fifth-century forebears in search of new Christologies. It appears that at the root of the discontent is the feeling that the Chalcedonian settlement is merely a Hellenic construct that far surpasses both the explicit statements and the im- plicit concepts of the New Testament.1 Considering the banner declaration of Chalcedon, that is, “one hypostasis in two natures,” we can easily sympathize with the com- plaint. Chalcedonian hypostasis is perhaps far from the New Testament conceptually, and nature can only justifi- ably be said to appear once in the New Testament with the kind of denotation that the Chalcedonian bishops un- derstood (2 Pet. 1:4), and in that one instance Peter does not use it in reference to the person of Christ. However, by Kerry S. Robichaux while I do not feel that Chalcedon goes beyond the New Testament conceptually, even though it necessarily goes beyond it linguistically, it is not my intention here to t has been the task of the Christian church for the last come to its defense. For all its propriety regarding the Ififteen hundred years to hold in mind, singly and cohe- person of Christ, Chalcedon suffers from some inherent sively, the dual affirmations of Christian faith concerning weaknesses. -
Paul and the Cruciform Way of God in Christ
Journal of Moral eology, Vol. 2, No. 1 (2013): 64-83 Paul and the Cruciform Way of God in Christ Michael J. Gorman “I resolved to know and make known among you nothing other than Jesus the Messiah—meaning Jesus the crucified Messiah.”1 HESE REMARKABLE WORDS summarize Paul’s bold claims about the interrelated identities of Jesus, himself as an apos- tle, and, at least implicitly, all Christian communities and individuals. In their immediate context (1 Cor 1:18–2:5), Tmoreover, they also imply something profound about the nature of God and of divine activity, and about how we know what we know about God.2 In other words, in this one sentence from 1 Corinthians we have an indication not only of Pauline Christology, but also of Pauline theology proper (i.e., the doctrine of God), pneumatology, ministry, ecclesiology, spirituality, epistemology, and morality—at least. In effect, Paul could not, and we cannot, speak about Christ without also speaking about a wide range of related topics, not least of which is what we today call “theological ethics” or “moral theolo- gy.” is is the case, in large measure, for two reasons. First, Paul is a mystical theologian whose fundamental conviction about individuals and communities being “in Christ” means that Christology inherent- ly has spiritual and ethical consequences (both personal and corpo- rate), as well as theological consequences with respect to our overall understanding of the God encountered in Christ. Second, Paul is a narrative theologian whose Christological narrative carries within it a 1 1 Cor 2:2 (author’s translation). -
THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY of AMERICA Doctrina Christiana
THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA Doctrina Christiana: Christian Learning in Augustine's De doctrina christiana A DISSERTATION Submitted to the Faculty of the Department of Medieval and Byzantine Studies School of Arts and Sciences Of The Catholic University of America In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree Doctor of Philosophy © Copyright All Rights Reserved By Timothy A. Kearns Washington, D.C. 2014 Doctrina Christiana: Christian Learning in Augustine's De doctrina christiana Timothy A. Kearns, Ph.D. Director: Timothy B. Noone, Ph.D. In the twentieth century, Augustinian scholars were unable to agree on what precisely the De doctrina christiana is about as a work. This dissertation is an attempt to answer that question. I have here employed primarily close reading of the text itself but I have also made extensive efforts to detail the intellectual and social context of Augustine’s work, something that has not been done before for this book. Additionally, I have put to use the theory of textuality as developed by Jorge Gracia. My main conclusions are three: 1. Augustine intends to show how all learned disciplines are subordinated to the study of scripture and how that study of scripture is itself ordered to love. 2. But in what way is that study of scripture ordered to love? It is ordered to love because by means of such study exegetes can make progress toward wisdom for themselves and help their audiences do the same. 3. Exegetes grow in wisdom through such study because the scriptures require them to question themselves and their own values and habits and the values and habits of their culture both by means of what the scriptures directly teach and by how readers should (according to Augustine) go about reading them; a person’s questioning of him or herself is moral inquiry, and moral inquiry rightly carried out builds up love of God and neighbor in the inquirer by reforming those habits and values out of line with the teachings of Christ. -
Generous Orthodoxy - Doing Theology in the Spirit
Generous Orthodoxy - Doing Theology in the Spirit When St Mellitus began back in 2007, a Memorandum of Intent was drawn up outlining the agreement for the new College. It included the following paragraph: “The Bishops and Dean of St Mellitus will ensure that the College provides training that represents a generous Christian orthodoxy and that trains ordinands in such a way that all mainstream traditions of the Church have proper recognition and provision within the training.” That statement reflected a series of conversations that happened at the early stages of the project, and the desire from everyone involved that this new college would try in some measure to break the mould of past theological training. Most of us who had trained at residential colleges in the past had trained in party colleges which did have the benefit of strengthening the identity of the different rich traditions of the church in England but also the disadvantage of often reinforcing unhelpful stereotypes and suspicion of other groups and traditions within the church. I remember discussing how we would describe this new form of association. It was Simon Downham, the vicar of St Paul’s Hammersmith who came up with the idea of calling it a “Generous Orthodoxy”, and so the term was introduced that has become so pivotal to the identity of the College ever since. Of course, Simon was not the first to use the phrase. It was perhaps best known as the title of a book published in 2004 by Brian McLaren, a book which was fairly controversial at the time.