West Kennet Long Barrow Wiltshire
Archaeological Evaluation
for English Heritage
CA Project: 3916 CA Report: 12227
August 2012
West Kennet Long Barrow Wiltshire
Archaeological Evaluation
CA Project: 3916 CA Report: 12227
prepared by Alistair Barber, Senior Project Officer
date 31 August 2012
checked by Mark Collard, Head of Contracts
date 3 September 2012
approved by Simon Cox, Head of Fieldwork
signed
date 3 September 2012
issue 01
This report is confidential to the client. Cotswold Archaeology accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission.
© Cotswold Archaeology Building 11, Kemble Enterprise Park, Kemble, Cirencester, Gloucestershire, GL7 6BQ t. 01285 771022 f. 01285 771033 e. [email protected] © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
CONTENTS SUMMARY...... 2
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 3
The site ...... 3 Archaeological background...... 4 Archaeological objectives ...... 5 Methodology ...... 5
2. RESULTS (FIGS 2-8) ...... 7
Test pit 4 (Figs 3 & 5)...... 8 Test pit 10 (Figs 3 & 7)...... 8 Test pit 11 (Figs 3 & 7)...... 8 Test pit 12 (Figs 4 & 8)...... 8 Test pit 13 (Figs 4 & 8)...... 8 Test pit 14 (Figs 4 & 8)...... 8
3. DISCUSSION...... 9
4. CA PROJECT TEAM ...... 10
5. REFERENCES ...... 10
APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS ...... 11
APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM...... 14
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Fig. 1 Site location plan (1:25,000) Fig. 2 Site location plan (1:5000) Fig. 3 Test pits 1 to 11 location plan (1: 50) Fig. 4 Test pits 12 to 14 location plan (1: 50) Fig. 5 Test pits 1 to 4: sections (1: 10) and photographs Fig. 6 Test pits 5 to 9: photographs Fig. 7 Test pits 10 and 11: sections (1: 10) and photographs Fig. 8 Test pits 12 to 14: sections (1: 10) and photographs
1 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
SUMMARY
Project Name: West Kennet Long Barrow Location: Wiltshire NGR: SU 1045 6773 Type: Evaluation Date: 15-16 August 2012 SMC: Class 7 Consent ref: S00040979 Location of Archive: To be deposited with English Heritage Site Code: WKL 12
An archaeological evaluation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology in August 2012 at the request of English Heritage at West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire. Fourteen test pits were excavated.
The reconstructed upper surface of the burial chamber and passageway capstones were revealed in three test pits. Modern roof lights had been cement-bonded to these structural remains, but the evaluation noted that there was no extensive concrete overpour around the roof lights. Although 1950s sectional drawings suggested that bitumen felt may have been used to help weatherproof the reconstructed chambers and mound, none was encountered during excavation. Two internal test pits, within the western burial chamber and passageway, revealed undated stony-clay deposits overlain by successive gravel surfaces, whilst a third test pit within the entrance noted modern concrete supporting a large sarsen. stone. The remaining eight test pits in the upper surface of the mound all contained an identical sequence of turf and topsoil over stony-clay deposits.
2 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 In August 2012 Cotswold Archaeology (CA) carried out an archaeological evaluation for English Heritage at West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire, (centred on NGR: SU 1045 6773; Fig. 1). English Heritage (EH) required these investigations in order to better understand the nature of 20th-century works at the site, and to inform future proposals to address damaging water ingress into the internal burial chambers.
1.2 The excavation of test pits to investigate areas of proposed repair works outlined above, was approved under a Class 7 Consent (ref. no. S00040979) issued by English Heritage on 14 August 2012 under the Ancient Monuments (Class Consent) Order 1994.
1.3 The evaluation was carried out in accordance with a detailed Written Scheme of Investigation (WSI) produced by CA (2010; issue 02, dated 10 August 2012) and approved by English Heritage. The fieldwork also followed the Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Field Evaluation issued by the Institute for Archaeologists (IfA) (2008), the Management of Archaeological Projects (English Heritage 1991) and the Management of Research Projects in the Historic Environment (MORPHE): Project Manager’s Guide (EH 2006).
1.4 Notification of the start of site works was made to English Heritage (EH), prior to the commencement of the excavation so that there were opportunities to visit the monument and check on the quality and progress of the work. Site visits were made by Morgan Cowles (EH Buildings Technical Manager), David Vaughan (EH Stonehenge and Avebury WHS Research Assistant and Historic Environment Field Advisor) and Arthur McCallum (EH Structural Engineer)
The site 1.5 The National Heritage List for England provides background information for the site (http://list.english-heritage.org.uk/resultsingle.aspx?uid=1010628, accessed 10 August 2012). In summary, the West Kennet Long Barrow is Scheduled as National Monument no. 21708 and is in the Guardianship of English Heritage (EH). It lies within Stonehenge and Avebury World Heritage Site and within the Marlborough Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Lying just south of the A4 and the
3 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
village of Avebury, it sits at a height of c.170m AOD on a domed ridge of Upper Chalk immediately south of the River Kennet and overlooking Silbury Hill (Fig 2).
1.6 The underlying solid geology of the area is mapped as Lewes Nodular, Seaford and Newhaven chalk formations of the Upper Cretaceous period (BGS 2012). The natural substrate was not encountered during the archaeological evaluation.
Archaeological background 1.7 The burial mound has been partially excavated and the entrance to the chambers reconstructed. The barrow mound, which is trapezoidal in plan, measures 104m in length and 25m across at the widest point. The mound survives to a maximum height of 3.2m. The internal chamber, which is at the broader east end of the mound, is of the multiple axial type, consisting of five small chambers, all accessible from a common 12m long passage but not from each other. The chambers vary in size from 2m to 4m across and have a maximum internal height of 2.5m. Following a period of exposure, the mixed bones of at least 30 individuals were placed in the chambers over a number of generations before the entrance was finally sealed. There seems to have been no preference for male or female, adults or children, although there were no infants present. Grave goods included pottery vessels of Early and later Neolithic date as well as beads and stone implements including a dagger dated to between 3000 BC and 2600 BC. The area in front of the entrance to the chamber was originally a forecourt where funerary processions would have arrived and offerings to the dead would have been left in wooden structures. To the north and south of the mound are quarry ditches 100m in length and c.5m wide located c.6m out from the edge of the barrow mound. Although these have become in-filled over the years they survive comparatively well and remain visible as earthworks.
1.8 The history of the previous investigations at the site has been set out by Julian Richards in a report considering the available documentary sources, and reference should be made to that report for the detailed background (Richards 2010). Relevant to these investigations is the fact that that the barrow was the subject of intensive archaeological excavation and reconstruction work in the 1950s. During this reconstruction work the sarsen stones around the east entrance and many of the capstones to the main passage were repositioned. The existing concrete flat roofs were installed in three areas as the means of allowing light into the chambers. There are a series of drawings in the English Heritage archive dating from the mid
4 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
to the late 1950s showing details of the new construction but was not clear if these were an accurate “as-built” record of the works (EH 2011).
1.9 A number of issues are apparent at the monument. Groundwater and precipitation is leaking into the burial chambers. The soil over the top of the chambers has been eroded away resulting in the exposure of the concrete roofs and the reduction of the ground cover over the chambers. There is significant soil erosion up the south face of the east entrance which has been caused principally by foot traffic. There is some biological growth on the stones internally.
1.10 English Heritage therefore required investigation to understand further the nature of the 20th-century works at the site, and to inform future proposals to address the damaging water ingress to the internal chambers.
Archaeological objectives 1.11 The objectives of the investigation were to:
provide information on the nature of the 20th-century works on the mound to provide information for future management of the site
provide information from internal test pits to assess the build-up of levels and to assist in designing proposals for re-surfacing
assess and understand the exposed fabric with the EH Property Curator and Inspector of Ancient Monuments during the works
record the exposed fabric
recover any artefacts/ecofacts etc from fills and record
record by drawing and photography
Methodology 1.12 Some limited opening up of turf surrounding the 1950s concrete capping of the mound, above the burial chambers and passageway, was needed to allow better assessment of construction detail, condition and modes of failure. This investigation
5 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
work consisted of the excavation of 11 small external test pits on the top of the mound to assess the extent of any 1950s concrete over-pour over capstones and to assess the presence and condition of bitumen felt (as shown on the 1950s sectional drawings) which was thought might be collecting or diverting water in a counter- productive way. Test pits 1 to 11 measured 300mm by 300mm in plan, and were excavated to a maximum depth of 150mm (except for test pits 2 and 11 which were excavated to greater depths at the request on site of English Heritage).
1.13 In addition, limited opening up of the existing gravel surface laid within the interior of the barrow in the western chamber, passageway and entrance was required, with proposals to scrape back the surface layer to identify/assess the amount of build-up of gravel levels and to inform proposals for future repair. Test pits within these three internal areas of investigation measured 300mm x 300mm in plan, and were generally excavated to a maximum depth of 150mm. Minor variations to the dimensions and depths of several test pits was made on site at the request of Morgan Cowles and David Vaughan of EH. Test pit 13 was extended slightly, to 0.45m in length, to encompass the highest level of gravel build within the passageway. Test pit 14 was excavated to a depth of 200mm to expose modern concrete supporting the large orthostat at the barrow entrance.
1.14 Fieldwork thus comprised the excavation of 14 test pits (Figs 3 and 4). Test pits were initially set out by hand, using 30m tapes, in locations indicated on site by Morgan Cowles of EH. External test pits were subsequently surveyed in to OS National Grid (NGR) co-ordinates using a Leica 1200 series SmartRover GPS in accordance with CA Technical Manual 4 Survey Manual (2009).
1.15 All work was undertaken by hand. Turf was stripped and stored in accordance with English Heritage’s requirements, with excavated spoil stored on plastic sheeting on the monument for the external test pits and within the chamber for the internal test pits. The test pits were then hand-excavated to required depths in consultation with Morgan Cowles, EH Buildings Technical Manager, and with Arthur McCallum, EH Conservation Engineering Technician. All test pits were backfilled at the conclusion of the works and the turf carefully replaced.
1.16 All archaeological features were excavated, planned and recorded in accordance with Technical Manual 1 Fieldwork Recording Manual (CA 2007).
6 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
1.17 Deposits were assessed for their palaeoenvironmental potential in accordance with CA Technical Manual 2: The Taking and Processing of Environmental and Other Samples from Archaeological Sites (2003) and no deposits were identified that required sampling. No artefacts were encountered during the evaluation.
1.18 The archive from the evaluation is currently held by CA at their offices in Kemble. Subject to the agreement of the legal landowner the site archive will be deposited with the Alexander Keiller Museum, Avebury. A summary of information from this project, set out within Appendix B, will be entered onto the OASIS online database of archaeological projects in Britain.
2. RESULTS (FIGS 2-8)
2.1 This section provides an overview of the evaluation results; detailed summaries of the recorded contexts are to be found in Appendix A. Eleven test pits were excavated on the upper surface of the barrow at its east end (Fig. 3) and three inside the chambers (Fig. 4)
2.2 Excavation of external test pits 1, 3 and 5 to 10 on the upper surface of the barrow mound revealed similar simple sequences of stony-clay deposits at the limit of excavation, overlain by topsoil and turf, typically 0.12-0.15m in thickness (Figs 5-7). As anticipated, structural remains associated with reconstructed elements of the long barrow, and with construction of the 1950s roof lights, were encountered within test pits 2, 4, 10 and 11 (Figs 5 and 7)
Test pit 2 (Figs 3 & 5) 2.3 A capstone 202, associated with the westernmost burial chamber beneath, was encountered at the limit of excavation at 0.3m below present ground level (bpgl). It was overlain by a section of concrete 203, 0.2m in thickness but only partially exposed, associated with, and apparently framing, the westernmost roof light. A stony-clay soil 201 overlay capstone 203 and abutted concrete structure 203. A thin skim of concrete 204, which overlay 203 and much of the roof light glass, perhaps represents a subsequent deliberate reduction of light levels within the western chamber.
7 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
Test pit 4 (Figs 3 & 5) 2.4 A capstone 401, associated with the central passageway beneath, was encountered at the limit of excavation at 0.18m bpgl. It was overlain by a section of concrete 403, at least 0.1m in thickness but only partially exposed, associated with, and apparently framing, the small central roof light. A narrow section of concrete 402 against the face of 403 appears to represent bonding of the roof light frame onto the underlying capstone. All structural remains were overlain by topsoil and turf 400.
Test pit 10 (Figs 3 & 7) 2.5 A smooth, inclined, stone 1001 at the limit of excavation was only partially exposed but may relate to reconstruction works near the chamber entrance. It was overlain by 0.15m of topsoil and turf 1000.
Test pit 11 (Figs 3 & 7) 2.6 A capstone 1101, associated with the western chamber, was encountered at the limit of excavation at 0.27m bpgl. It was overlain by a section of concrete 1102, 0.26m in thickness but only partially exposed, associated with, and apparently framing, the westernmost roof light. All structural remains were overlain by topsoil and turf 1100, 0.25m in thickness.
Test pit 12 (Figs 4 & 8) 2.7 An undated stony-clay deposit 1201 at the limit of excavation, at 0.05m bpgl, was overlain by a relatively loose, uncompacted, gravel surface 1200.
Test pit 13 (Figs 4 & 8) 2.8 An undated stony-clay deposit 1305 at the limit of excavation, at 0.2m bpgl, was overlain by five successive, compacted, gravel and clay surfaces 1304, 1303, 1302, 1301 and 1300 abutting the main orthostat of the north-western chamber, north of the passageway.
Test pit 14 (Figs 4 & 8) 2.9 A layer of modern concrete 1403 at the limit of excavation, at 0.2m bpgl, abutted the western face of a large orthostat at the barrow entrance. It was overlain by a clayey sand deposit 1402, 0.16m thick, and two successive gravel surfaces 1401 and 1400.
8 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
3. DISCUSSION
3.1 Despite the small-scale nature of the archaeological works, the evaluation has successfully revealed and clarified for English Heritage the manner in which the westernmost and central ‘Lenscrete’ roof lights had been set over the reconstructed chamber and passageway capstones in 1957. Test pits 2, 4 and 11 have revealed that, where examined, the concrete surrounding the glass roof lights directly overlies, and has been cement bonded to, these repositioned capstones. It has also been demonstrated that there is no extensive concrete overpour extending outward beyond these rooflight frames. The evaluation has also encountered no evidence, within the areas examined, for the use of an impervious bitumen felt (shown on the 1950s sectional drawings) immediately around the glass roof lights or during reconstruction works within the wider, surrounding, area.
3.2 In addition, internal evaluation test pits within the western chamber and passageway (Test pits 12 and 13) have identified the presence of undated stony-clay deposits at the limit of excavation, beneath gravel surfaces. It is uncertain from the limited view affording by the evaluation test pits whether these unexamined layers represent undisturbed Neolithic deposits, later deposits perhaps associated with antiquarian investigations or perhaps most likely relate to modern reconstruction works. The evaluation has noted that approximately 0.05m of gravel surfacing is present at the western end of the western chamber, and that an approximately 0.2m build up of gravel resurfacings is present within the passageway immediately south of the north- western chamber. Test pit 14 within the forecourt/façade area has revealed modern concrete associated with supporting of a large sarsen stone, and approximately 0.2m of subsequent gravel and clay deposits within this area.
3.3 The sequence of deposits in Test pits 1, 3 and 5 to 9 around the top of the mound demonstrated that the concrete associated with the 1950s work was apparently confined to the immediate surrounds of the rooflights. Any interpretation of the date or origin of the stony clay deposits found in the other external trenches is precluded by the extremely limited exposures offered by these trenches, and the fact that there were no stratigraphic relationships observable, other than with the turf and topsoil.
9 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
4. CA PROJECT TEAM
Fieldwork was undertaken by Alistair Barber, assisted by Roy Poulter. The report was written by Alistair Barber. The illustrations were prepared by Jon Bennett. The archive has been compiled by Alistair Barber, and prepared for deposition by James Johnson. The project was managed for CA by Mark Collard.
5. REFERENCES
BGS (British Geological Survey) 2012 Geology of Britain Viewer http://maps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyviewer google/googleviewer.html
CA 2012 West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire. Written Scheme of Investigation for an Archaeological Investigation.
EH (English Heritage) 2011 West Kennet Options Study. Draft dated 8 August 2012, prepared by Weston Allison Wright Ltd.
EH 2012 West Kennet Long Barrow. Surface investigation of extent of 20th c fabric – concrete overpour, bitumen felt & new gravel surfacing extant from 1950`s works. Application for class 7 consent supporting documentation.
Richards, J. 2010 West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire. Documentary Research.
10 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
APPENDIX A: CONTEXT DESCRIPTIONS
Test pit 1
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 100 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay 0.12 101 Layer Stony sand-clay soil with fragmentary stone and >0.03 chalk
Test pit 2
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 200 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay 0.15 201 Layer Stony sand-clay with fragmentary stone and chalk 0.15 202 structure Upper surface of reconstructed chamber capstone: only partially exposed. 203 structure Concrete surrounding western roof light. >0.15 0.2 204 structure Concrete layer over glass of roof light. 0.03
Test pit 3
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 300 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay 0.12 301 Layer Stony sandy-clay with fragmentary stone and >0.03 chalk
Test pit 4
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 400 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay 0.16 401 Structure Upper surface of reconstructed passage capstone: only partially exposed 402 Structure Concrete set against edge of concrete 403 of 0.14 0.09 central roof light. 403 Structure Concrete surrounding central roof light.
Test pit 5
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 500 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay 0.15 501 Layer Stony sandy-clay with fragmentary stone and chalk
Test pit 6
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 600 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay 0.15 601 Layer Stony sand-clay soil with fragmentary stone and chalk
11 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
Test pit 7
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 700 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay 0.15 701 Layer Stony sand-clay soil with fragmentary stone and chalk
Test pit 8
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 800 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay 0.15 801 Layer Stony sand-clay soil with fragmentary stone and chalk
Test pit 9
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 900 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay 0.15 901 Layer Stony sand-clay soil with fragmentary stone and chalk
Test pit 10
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 1000 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay >0.15 1001 Structure Stone, only partially exposed. >0.35 >0.3
Test pit 11
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 1100 Layer Turfline/topsoil: grey-brown sandy-clay >0.15 1101 Structure Upper surface of reconstructed chamber capstone: only partially exposed. 1102 Structure Concrete surrounding western roof light. >0.23 0.28 1103 Structure Concrete skim over glass of roof light. 0.01
Test pit 12
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 1200 Layer Flint gravels with clay. 0.05 1201 Layer Stony grey-brown clay with fragmentary stone and chalk fragments
Test pit 13
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 1300 Layer Modern gravel and clay deposit 0.02- 0.05 1301 Layer Modern gravel deposit 0.03 1302 Layer Modern gravel and clay deposit 0.04 1303 Layer Modern gravel and clay deposit 0.04 1304 Layer Modern gravel and clay deposit 0.07
12 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
1305 Layer Grey-brown clay with fragmentary stone and chalk
Test pit 14
No. Type Description Length Width Depth Spot- (m) (m) (m) date 1400 Layer Modern gravel and clay deposit 0.05 1401 Layer Modern gravel and sand deposit 0.03 1402 Layer Modern gravel and sandy clay deposit 0.15 1403 Layer Modern concrete supporting entrance orthostat
13 © Cotswold Archaeology West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation
APPENDIX B: OASIS REPORT FORM
PROJECT DETAILS
Project Name West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire Short description (250 words maximum) An archaeological evaluation was undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology in August 2012 at the request of English Heritage at West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire. Fourteen test pits were excavated.
The reconstructed upper surface of the burial chamber and passageway capstones were revealed in three test pits. Modern roof lights had been cement-bonded to these structural remains, but the evaluation noted that there was no extensive concrete overpour around the roof lights. Although 1950s sectional drawings suggested that bitumen felt may have been used to help weatherproof the reconstructed chambers and mound, none was encountered during excavation. Two internal test pits, within the western burial chamber and passageway, revealed undated stony- clay deposits overlain by successive gravel surfaces, whilst a third test pit within the entrance noted modern concrete supporting a large sarsen stone. The remaining eight test pits in the upper surface of the mound all contained an identical sequence of turf and topsoil over stony-clay deposits.
Project dates 15th – 16th August 2012 Project type Evaluation
Previous work Documentary Research (Richard 2010) (reference to organisation or SMR numbers etc)
Future work Unknown PROJECT LOCATION Site Location West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire Study area (M2/ha) Site co-ordinates (8 Fig Grid Reference) SU 1045 6773 PROJECT CREATORS Name of organisation English Heritage Project Brief originator - Project Design (WSI) originator Cotswold Archaeology Project Manager Mark Collard Project Supervisor Alistair Barber MONUMENT TYPE Neolithic long barrow SIGNIFICANT FINDS - PROJECT ARCHIVES Intended final location of archive Content (e.g. pottery, (museum/Accession no.) animal bone etc) Paper To be deposited with the Alexander Trench recording sheets, Keiller Museum, Avebury drawings and registers Digital To be deposited with the Alexander Digital photographs Keiller Museum, Avebury BIBLIOGRAPHY
CA (Cotswold Archaeology) 2012 West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire: Archaeological Evaluation. CA typescript report 12227
14 site
N Cirencester 01285 771022 Milton Keynes 01908 218320 Cotswold Andover 01264 326549 Archaeology w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected]
PROJECT TITLE West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire Wiltshire FIGURE TITLE Site location plan
0 1km
FIGURE NO. Reproduced from the 2004 Ordnance Survey Explorer map with PROJECT NO. 3916 DATE 22-08-2012 the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller DRAWN BY JB REVISION 00 of Her Majesty's Stationery Office c Crown copyright Cotswold Archaeology Ltd 100002109 APPROVED BY PJM SCALE@A4 1:25,000 1 680
SUSU 100
N Cirencester 01285 771022 Milton Keynes 01908 218320 Cotswold Andover 01264 326549 Archaeology w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected]
PROJECT TITLE West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire
FIGURE TITLE Site location plan
PROJECT NO. 3916 DATE 22-08-2012 FIGURE NO. Reproduced from the 2012 Ordnance Survey Street map with the permission DRAWN BY JB REVISION 00 of Ordnance Survey on behalf of The Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office c Crown copyright Cotswold Archaeology Ltd 100002109 APPROVED BY PJM SCALE@A4 1:5000 2
Test pit 1, looking north-west (scales 0.2m and 0.3m) Test pit 3, looking south (scale 0.3m)
Test pit 2, section AA Test pit 4, section BB
N S SW NE concrete 403 178.5m 177.8m AOD AOD 200 concrete 204 400 concrete 402
concrete 203 capstone 401 201
00.5m capstone 202
0 0.5m
Cirencester 01285 771022 Milton Keynes 01908 218320 Cotswold Andover 01264 326549 Archaeology w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected]
PROJECT TITLE West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire
FIGURE TITLE Test pit 2, looking south-east (scales 0.2m and 0.3m) Test pit 4, looking east (scales 0.2m and 0.3m) Test pits 1 to 4: sections and photographs
PROJECT NO. 3916 DATE 22-08-2012 FIGURE NO. DRAWN BY JB REVISION 00 APPROVED BY PJM SCALE@A3 1:10 5 Test pit 5, looking south-west (scales 0.2m and 0.3m) Test pit 8, looking north (scales 0.2m and 0.3m)
Test pit 6, looking south-west (scales 0.2m and 0.3m) Test pit 9, looking north-west (scales 0.2m and 0.3m)
Cirencester 01285 771022 Milton Keynes 01908 218320 Cotswold Andover 01264 326549 Archaeology w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected]
PROJECT TITLE West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire
FIGURE TITLE Test pit 7, looking west (scales 0.2m and 0.3m) Test pits 5 to 9: photographs
PROJECT NO. 3916 DATE 22-08-2012 FIGURE NO. DRAWN BY JB REVISION 00 APPROVED BY PJM SCALE@A3 1:10 6 Test pit 10, section CC
SE NW 176.9m AOD 1000 1001 capstone
0 0.5m
Test pit 10, looking north-eastt (scales 0.2m and 0.3m)
Test pit 11, section DD
concrete 1103
SW NE 178m AOD 1100 concrete 1102
capstone 1101
Cirencester 01285 771022 0 0.5m Milton Keynes 01908 218320 Test pit 11, looking north-east (scales 0.2m and 0.3m) Cotswold Andover 01264 326549 Archaeology w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected]
PROJECT TITLE West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire
FIGURE TITLE Test pits 10 and 11: sections and photographs
PROJECT NO. 3916 DATE 22-08-2012 FIGURE NO. DRAWN BY JB REVISION 00 APPROVED BY PJM SCALE@A3 1:10 7 Test pit 12, section EE
E W
1200
1201
0 0.5m
Test pit 12, looking south-east (scale 0.3m)
Test pit 13, section FF
N S
orthostatatat 1301 orthostat 1302 1300 1303
1304
1305 00.5m
Test pit 13, looking south-east (scale 0.3m)
Test pit 14, section GG
W E
1400 orthostatoro 1401 1404 Cirencester 01285 771022 1402 Milton Keynes 01908 218320 Cotswold Andover 01264 326549 Archaeology w www.cotswoldarchaeology.co.uk e [email protected] concrete 1403 PROJECT TITLE West Kennet Long Barrow, Wiltshire 0 0.5m FIGURE TITLE Test pit 14, looking north-east (scale 0.3m) Test pits 12 to 14: sections and photographs
PROJECT NO. 3916 DATE 22-08-2012 FIGURE NO. DRAWN BY JB REVISION 00 APPROVED BY PJM SCALE@A3 1:10 8