A Pilgrimage Journey Through Bulgaria
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Analytical Report
ANALYTICAL REPORT CAPACITY OF THE MUNICIPALITIES OF BANSKO, BELITSA, RAZLOG AND YAKORUDA FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVITIES RELATED TO ALTERNATIVE TOURISM IN A CROSS-BORDER REGION Part One 1. General Characteristics of the region а. Territory, towns, natural assets The four municipalities are located at the foot of the Pirin and Rila Mountains and in the Western-most part of the Rhodope Mountains. Their total area is 1,568 sq. km. and there are 5 towns and 31 villages situated there, including high in the mountains. The infrastructure is relatively good and ensures access to all settlements. The local roads are being renovated as per the adopted municipal pans. There is Internet in place, which ensures good conditions for modern communications. The region is mountainous and includes reserves, protected territories and National Parks. The area is rich in water resources: rivers, high-mountain lakes, waterfalls (the most famous one being the Sv. Nikola Waterfall – Municipality of Bansko). There are also many thermal springs, the majority of them being unique. The Banya village, located along the Razlog – Yakoruda road, is one of the richest settlements in Bulgaria in terms of thermal water – 72 springs have been found with various temperature and composition. Along the course of the Dobrinishka River, there is the mineral water pool built in ancient times and known as Rimskoto Banche (the Roman Bath). There are two thermal water deposits in the Municipality of Belitsa – one of them with low-mineralised water suitable for daily use and the other – with water suitable for treating locomotor problems. The natural rock formations – wonders of nature, which are the subject of various legends, are also numerous and varied. -
About Bulgaria
Source: Zone Bulgaria (http://en.zonebulgaria.com/) About Bulgaria General Information about Bulgaria Bulgaria is a country in Southeastern Europe and is situated on the Balkan Peninsula. To the north the country borders Rumania, to the east – the Black Sea, to the south – Turkey and Greece, and to the west – Yugoslavia and Macedonia. Bulgaria is a parliamentary republic with a National Assembly (One House Parliament) of 240 national representatives. The President is Head of State. Geography of Bulgaria The Republic of Bulgaria covers a territory of 110 993 square kilometres. The average altitude of the country is 470 metres above sea level. The Stara Planina Mountain occupies central position and serves as a natural dividing line from the west to the east. It is a 750 km long mountain range stretching from the Vrushka Chuka Pass to Cape Emine and is part of the Alpine-Himalayan mountain range. It reaches the Black Sea to the east and turns to the north along the Bulgarian-Yugoslavian border. A natural boundary with Romania is the Danube River, which is navigable all along for cargo and passenger vessels. The Black Sea is the natural eastern border of Bulgaria and its coastline is 378 km long. There are clearly cut bays, the biggest two being those of Varna and Bourgas. About 25% of the coastline are covered with sand and hosts our seaside resorts. The southern part of Bulgaria is mainly mountainous. The highest mountain is Rila with Mt. Moussala being the highest peak on the Balkan Peninsula (2925 m). The second highest and the mountain of most alpine character in Bulgaria is Pirin with its highest Mt. -
Some Things You May Find Useful to Know…
Some things you may find useful to know… About Bulgaria Bulgaria, officially the Republic of Bulgaria is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south, and the Black Sea to the east. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometers (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 16th-largest country. Its population of 7.4 million people is predominantly urbanized and mainly concentrated in the administrative centers of its 28 provinces. Most commercial and cultural activities are centered on the capital and largest city, Sofia. The country is a member of the European Union, NATO, and the Council of Europe. The climate in the country is dynamic, which results from its being positioned at the meeting point of Mediterranean and continental air masses and the barrier effect of its mountains. Northern Bulgaria averages 1 °C (1.8 °F) cooler than the regions south of the Balkan mountains. Temperature amplitudes vary significantly in different areas. The lowest recorded temperature is −38.3 °C (−36.9 °F), while the highest is 45.2 °C (113.4 °F). Situated at a crossroads between civilizations, Bulgaria has more than 13 centuries of recorded history and one of the richest cultural legacies in Europe. Modern Bulgarian culture derives from three ancient civilizations: the Bulgars, then Thracians, and the Slavs. The territory was also part of the Byzantine and Ottoman empires for several centuries. Bulgarians are the main ethnic group in the country and comprise 84.8% of the population. -
Establishment of Waste Network for Sustainable Solid Waste Management Planning and Promotion of Integrated Decision Tools in the Balkan Region
Establishment of Waste Network for Sustainable Solid Waste Management Planning and Promotion of Integrated Decision Tools in the Balkan Region (BALKWASTE) LIFE07/ENV/RO/686 Action 3: Evaluation of waste infrastructure in the Bulgarian target region – Razlog Municipality Sofia, December 2010 2nd Revision Main authors: Lucia Ilieva, Margarita Hristova, Iskra Kuncheva, Velika Chimeva (CSDCS) Contributors: Kyriakos Elaiopoulos, Tudor Dau (EFCon), George Katsanos, Eleni Feleki, Christos Venetis (Euroconsultants), Fotis Kourmousis, Dimitra Poulia (NTUA) ABREVIATIONS MOEW Ministry of Environment and Water MSW Municipal Solid waste NSI National Statistical Institute RIOSW Regional Inspectorate of Environment and Water PUDOS Programme for Actions related to environment OP Operational programme MW Municipal waste WM Waste management TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................... 3 1. CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 5 1.1. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS 6 1.2. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 8 1.3. TOURISM 9 1.4. TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE 10 2. DETAILED DATA FOR MUNICIPALITIES INCLUDED IN THE WM PROJECT 13 2.1. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS 13 2.2. ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS 17 3. WASTE MANAGEMENT STAKEHOLDERS 20 4. WASTE QUANTITIES 21 5. WASTE COLLECTION 24 6. SEPARATION AT SOURCE SCHEMES 26 7. WASTE TREATMENT 29 8. COSTS 35 9. CONCLUSIONS 37 10. REFERENCES 44 11. ANNEX I – RAZLOG REGIONAL LANDFILL PROJECT 46 CSDCS - Club “Sustainable Development of Civil Society” 2 Executive Summary The report provides a detailed picture of the waste infrastructure in the target region of Razlog and the proposed construction of regional landfill. This landfill will be a modern in regard to technology installation corresponding to the undertaken engagements of the country towards the European community. The common vision is for considerable improvement and preservation of the environment especially in the situation of fast developing tourism and sport in the region. -
LA BULGARIE (Maj
DECOUVRIR LA BULGARIE (maj. le : 22/12/20) Carte établie à partir d’une recherche sur internet pour découvrir d’un coup d’œil les « incontournables » d’un pays (et aussi avec les contributions de lecteurs… ) ROUMANIE S rebarna SERBIE (réserve naturel) S ilistra Vidin 21 Belitsa 7 (refuge ours) Koula 14 ROUMANIE 49 ROUMANIE Roussé Pyce (palais baroque) 23 Koubrat S v echtari D oulovo 11 (tombeau thrace) 23 Bas arbovo Balik Lom N ikopol G igen (église troglodytique) S boryanovo E79 D anube (v estiges) Belogradtchik (monument naturel) 71 29 S v ichtov 49 Oryahovo I v anovo 11 (église rupestre) 81 52 E70 Razgrad Venets 34 54 D obritch 27 Montana 15 13 P leven Obnova 27 Borovan D olni Dabnik (musée du vin) Beli Lom (barrage) 71 Byala E83 7 P liska 29 13 49 (s ite archéologique) Lilyache 15 P opovo Baltchik Kaliakra E79 (pont de Dieu) 51 (c ité blanche) (c ap) P obitite Kamani A2 (forêt pétrifiée) Vrasta E83 E85 Choumen Varna Monuments historiques (forteresse) (perle noire) 35 Krushuna S ables d’Or (c ascade) Madara (s tation balnéaire) Ledenika D evetashka (c avalier dans le rocher) (grotte) (grotte) E772 74 P rohodna Fanagoria (grotte) E772 Omourtag (v illage historique) P reslav A5 Vrasta Balkan Veliko Arbanasi (s ite archéologique) Ov ech (parc naturel) Lovetch (forteresse) (beau village) D ragoevo (forteresse) 81 Balgarski Lyutibrod (s ite historique) (murs rocheux) Tc hérépich E772 73 (monastère) E87 16 S aeva Dupka 81 E79 A2 (grotte) E85 53 Kamchia 44 48 7 Troyan (réserve naturelle) Botevgrad G lozhene Oreshak Tryavna (monastere) (v -
Bulgaria and the Koprivshtitsa Folk Festival. August 2015
Jim Gold International Folk Tours Travel to Bulgaria Bulgaria ! broadens one! Folk Culture, Folk Dancing, History, Art, Music, Adventure August 3-16, 2015 Sofia, Plovdiv, Bansko, Veliko Turnovo, Koprivshtitsa Folk Festival ! Led by Jim Gold i Visit historic Bulgarian cities and folkloric villages ! i Meet Bulgarian folk dance groups! i Our traveling staff includes guide: Stefan Gendjov, gaida player: Ventsi Andonov, and a Bulgarian folk dance teacher! i Land and Air price includes round-trip airfare, city tours, transfers, hotels, two meals daily, and our own private bus. Join our Bulgarian adventure! Travel with us to the famous Folk Festival held in the historic Balkan mountain village of Koprivshtitsa. Performing groups, traveling in full costume with musicians and dancers from all over Bulgaria come to participate. Learn their songs and dances. Meet and mingle. Explore historic sites from ancient Thracian, Greek, Roman, and Byzantium, as well as medieval Bulgaria, visit Sofia, artistic Plovdiv, the 10th-century Rila Monastery with its historic icons and murals, Veliko Turnovo, medieval capital and birthplace of the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1187, Bansko and Pirin Mountain region. Our Itinerary Day 1: Monday, August 3: Depart on Turkish airlines from JFK airport in New York City. Day 2-3: Tuesday-Wednesday, August 4: SOFIA. Arrival in Sofia. Transfer to our 5-star Radisson Hotel. Welcome dinner and wine at our hotel. Meet and greet. Overnights at Radisson Hotel. Day 3: Wednesday, August 5: SOFIA. Sightseeing tour of Sofia: Alexander Nevski Cathedral, National Parliament, Saint Sofia Basilica, 4th century Saint George Rotunda, ruins of Roman Serdica, and the National Museum of History. -
Thermal Waters and Balneology in Bulgaria
K. Bojadgieva, S. Dipchikova, A. Benderev, J. Koseva: BALNEOLOGY IN BULGARIA Chapter 1.3 THERMAL WATERS AND BALNEOLOGY IN BULGARIA K.Bojadgieva1, S.Dipchikova2, A.Benderev3 and J.Koseva2 1-Oil and Gas Production and Exploration, Ltd, 23 Sitnjakovo blvd., 1505 Sofia 2-Specialized hospital for physiotherapy and rehabilitation, 2B Ovcha kupel,1608 Sofia 3-Geological Institute, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bl.24, G.Bonchev str.,1113 Sofia INTRODUCTION seases are treated using scientific methods and programs, confirmed by a long-term Bulgaria has a variety of mineral waters o professional experience. with temperatures up to 100 C. Thermal wa- The economical and social changes in ters with high alkalinity and low level of our country during the transition period to- TDS are predominant. The country is situa- wards the free market economy led to a dra- ted at the southern part of the Balkan Penin- stic decrease in the governmental subsidies sula and is an heir of ancient civilizations. for balneology, to a deterioration of some of There are extremely good bio-climatic the resorts and even to a closure of some of resources which combined with the existing them. The Bulgarian spas are under the Mi- ancient Mediterranean traditions in thermal nistry of Health governance and their spon- water use, provide an have been based for soring, management and exploitation is go- the balneological development in the coun- ing to be done according to the new laws try. A number of big spa resorts have deve- and regulations in the country. loped on places of old Thracian or Roman In most of Bulgarian spas the thermal residential areas, like: Sandanski, Kjusten- waters are used partially and ineffectively. -
New and Unpublished Data About Bulgarian Ground Beetles from the Tribes Pterostichini, Sphodrini, and Platynini (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Acta Biologica Sibirica 7: 125–141 (2021) doi: 10.3897/abs.7.e67015 https://abs.pensoft.net RESEARCH ARTICLE New and unpublished data about Bulgarian ground beetles from the tribes Pterostichini, Sphodrini, and Platynini (Coleoptera, Carabidae) Teodora Teofilova1 1 Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria. Corresponding author: Teodora Teofilova ([email protected]) Academic editor: R. Yakovlev | Received 6 April 2021 | Accepted 22 April 2021 | Published 20 May 2021 http://zoobank.org/53E9E1F4-2338-494C-870D-F3DA4AA4360B Citation: Teofilova T (2021) New and unpublished data about Bulgarian ground beetles from the tribes Pterostichini, Sphodrini, and Platynini (Coleoptera, Carabidae). Acta Biologica Sibirica 7: 125–141. https://doi. org/10.3897/abs.7.e67015 Abstract Bulgarian ground beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) fauna is relatively well studied but there are still many species and regions in the country which are not well researched. The present study aims at complementing the data about the distribution of the carabids from the tribes Pterostichini, Spho- drini, and Platynini, containing many diverse, interesting, and endemic species. It gives new records for 67 species and 23 zoogeographical regions in Bulgaria. The material was collected in the period from 1926 to 2021 through different sampling methods. Twenty-three species are recorded for the first time in different regions. Six species are reported for the second time in the regions where they were currently collected. Thirty-one species have not been reported for more than 20 years in Eastern and Middle Stara Planina Mts., Kraishte region, Boboshevo-Simitli valley, Sandanski-Petrich valley, Lyulin Mts., Vitosha Mts., Rila Mts., Pirin Mts., Slavyanka Mts., Thracian Lowland, and Sakar-Tundzha re- gion. -
Priority Axis 2 “Waste”
European Union European Structural and Investment Funds LIST OF OPERATIONS OPERATIONAL PROGRAMME "ENVIRONMENT" 2014-2020, PRIORITY AXIS 2 “WASTE” Operation start Total eligible Union co- date and Location of Category of Date of last Beneficiary name Operation name Operation summary expenditure financing Country operation end intervention update rate operation date (BGN) Municipality of Investment This project proposal aims to design and 13.11.2017- 9 368 737.16 85% Sandanski Bulgaria 017 13.11.2017 Sandanski project build a composting installation and 13.07.2020 "Composting installation of pre-treatment of mixed plant for waste, which will be located on a site within the administrative boundaries of the separately Municipality of Sandanski and will serve collected green all municipalities in the Regional and biodegradable Association for Waste Management - waste, Plants for Sandanski - Municipalities of Sandanski, pre-treatment of Kresna, Strumyani. household waste The expected result of the implementation and supporting of project measures is to reduce the amount infrastructure for of landfilled waste by providing additional the Regional capacity for pre-treatment of mixed waste and for separate collection and recycling system for waste through composting of green and management in biodegradable waste. the municipalities The implementation of the project activities of Sandanski, will contribute to the achievement of the Strumyani and national targets laid down in national Kresna" legislation and in the National Plan for Waste Management 2014-2020, to the limit of the amount of biodegradable waste to 35% The total amount of waste generated by 1995 and to increase - to the end of 2020, the proportion of recycled waste to be less than 50% of generated household waste. -
Bulgaria & Greece
KOPRIVSHTITSA FOLK FESTIVAL AUGUST 04 – 17, 2020 The hospitality of the Balkans Bulgaria & Key accents in the itinerary ◆ Take a place in the world famous ◆ Visit authentic rose–oil distillery, festival ” KOPRIVSHTITSA 2020” wine cellar, taste authentic Bul- August 7-10, 2020 garian meal, high-quality wines Greece ◆ Hear the unique local folk music, with exquisite taste, discover the which is a musical message from Bulgarian old tradition in a differ- Discover Bulgaria - feel the tradition, Earth to outer space; ent crafts ; ◆ Discover again Bulgaria - po- ◆ Enjoy unique Greek coffee and enjoy the adventure and meet the sitioned on the crossroad Eu- seafood, and views of the Aegean unknown rope-Asia, is the treasure that Sea; Discover Greece - feel the scent of the combines Thracian, Byzantine ◆ Touch to the land of the ancient and Roman culture; Greek gods and feel the hospitali- sea and antiquity ◆ Feel an extraordinary natural ty of the neighboring Balkan peo- experience, crystal fresh air and ples; endless panorama; ◆ Enjoy the brilliant sun and the ◆ Touching the spiritual centers azure coast of the Aegean; of Christianity – the monasteries Rila and Bachkovo; Discover the splendours of Bulgaria - Art, Wine and Traditions Ivan Vazov National Theatre, Sofia BULGARIA Day 1 | Tuesday, August 04, Sofia Day 4 | Friday, August 07, Koprivshtitsa Folklore Arrival at Sofia Airport and you will be warmly welcomed by Petya Todorova Festival 2020 /daughter of Tatiana Sarbinska/, with the symbol of Bulgaria “The Bulgarian The Koprivshtitsa Festival is organized once every 5 years. In 2020, it has been Rose” and a small bottle of “Todoroff Rakia”. -
In Bulgaria – Plovdiv
ECOLOGIA BALKANICA International Scientific Research Journal of Ecology Special Edition 2 2019 Eight International Conference of FMNS (FMNS-2019) Modern Trends in Sciences South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Faculty of Mathematics & Natural Sciences Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria, 26-30 June, 2019 UNION OF SCIENTISTS IN BULGARIA – PLOVDIV UNIVERSITY OF PLOVDIV PUBLISHING HOUSE ii International Standard Serial Number Online ISSN 1313-9940; Print ISSN 1314-0213 (from 2009-2015) Aim & Scope „Ecologia Balkanica” is an international scientific journal, in which original research articles in various fields of Ecology are published, including ecology and conservation of microorganisms, plants, aquatic and terrestrial animals, physiological ecology, behavioural ecology, population ecology, population genetics, community ecology, plant-animal interactions, ecosystem ecology, parasitology, animal evolution, ecological monitoring and bioindication, landscape and urban ecology, conservation ecology, as well as new methodical contributions in ecology. The journal is dedicated to publish studies conducted on the Balkans and Europe. Studies conducted anywhere else in the World may be accepted only as an exception after decision of the Editorial Board and the Editor-In-Chief. Published by the Union of Scientists in Bulgaria – Plovdiv and the University of Plovdiv Publishing house – twice a year. Language: English. Peer review process All articles included in “Ecologia Balkanica” are peer reviewed. Submitted manuscripts are sent to two or three independent peer reviewers, unless they are either out of scope or below threshold for the journal. These manuscripts will generally be reviewed by experts with the aim of reaching a first decision as soon as possible. The journal uses the double anonymity standard for the peer-review process. -
The Balkan Chamois! National Trust Ecofund and Is Realised in a Certifi Ed PAN Park- Rila
The Lesson of the Forefathers Today we can only learn from our ancestors. For centuries, mountain dwellers – shepherds, cowherds, goatherds, loggers and the like – have satisfi ed their needs for food, animal hides and other basics from the numerous herds of grazing livestock. The domestica- ted goat is not just a lovable creature out of a fairy tale; for many centuries it has been a staple in every Bulgarian household. Its gifts are part of our daily life and lore to this day: milk, cheese, skins, goatskin rugs, topcoats, even mummers’ costumes. The Threat The best way to enjoy the trail and explore the beautiful In Bulgaria there are over 200,000 hectares of habitats wildlife is to put your trust in a trained mountain guide. suitable for chamois, allowing for a population of at least Ask your hosts or make an inquiry with the Directorate 20,000 animals. However, their total numbers for this of Rila National Park. country amount to staggering low numbers between Or simply swing by the Children’s Center for Balkan 1,700 and 2,300 specimens (according to 2005 data). Such Chamois that is in the process of being set up at the entry low population density is due to the main threat to the to the village of Gorno Draglishte, across the street from chamois: poaching. Despite an absolute and uncondi- Deshka House. tional ban on hunting in national parks, poaching is still a fact, reducing the size and distorting the structure of the population, disrupting herd life and driving the chamois away from suitable habitats.