DOCSLIB.ORG

Internment Camps 18

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Internment Camps 18 Ք RESEARCH 119 Ք EAST TURKESTAN EAST TURKESTAN REPORT Religious And Ethnic Pressure From Past To Present JULY 2020 NUREDDIN IZBASAR www.insamer.com [email protected] JULY 2020 RESEARCH 119 EAST TURKESTAN REPORT Religious And Ethnic Pressure From Past To Present Research 119 East Turkestan July 2020 Prepared By Nureddin İzbasar Executive Editor Dr. Ahmet Emin Dağ Editor Ümmühan Özkan Web Editor Mervenur Lüleci Karadere Translation Suheir Zaghal Proofreading Nurfitri Taheer For Citation: İzbasar, Nureddin. East Turkestan Report: Religious And Ethnic Pressure From Past To Present, Research 119. INSAMER. July 2020. Responsibility for the information and views set out in this publication lies entirely with the authors. ©İNSAMER 2020 All rights are reserved. The use of quotations is allowed only by providing reference. Nuhun Gemisi Cover and Page Design M. Masum Kır Printing: Pelikan Basım Maltepe Mh. Gümüşsuyu Cd. Odin İş Merkezi No. 1/28 Topkapı-İSTANBUL INSAMER is a research center of IHH Humanitarian Relief Foundation. EAST TURKESTAN 2 iii CONTENTS Introduction 1 Where is East Turkestan? 2 Historical Background 5 Communist China’s Invasion and 9 Colonization July 5 Massacre 13 Humanitarian Situation and Violations 15 Internment Camps 18 Conclusion 24 End Notes 25 Karagümrük Mh. Kaleboyu Cd. Muhtar Muhittin Sk. No:6 PK.34091 Fatih / İstanbul - TURKEY www.insamer.com • info.insamer.com JULY 2020 RESEARCH 119 INTRODUCTION The resistance of East Turkestan against Turkestan with the world was cut by a assimilation and from being labeled as wide intelligence network and security Chinese was considered a political challenge measures. Subsequently, all kinds of interventions that violate basic human by the central Chinese administration and this rights were easily implemented. situation was perceived as a security problem that would hinder China’s industrialization The resistance of East Turkestan against especially in the 1980s. assimilation and from being labeled as Chinese was considered a political challenge for the central Chinese administration and this situation was perceived as a security problem that would hinder China’s industrialization especially in the 1980s. In the 1990s, turbulent political developments and the The region had intermittent autonomy collapse of the communist bloc triggered and occasional independence until 1949 many changes in the Central Asian when the forces attached to the Chinese geography including East Turkestan in Communist Party (CCP) occupied it. which tensions accelerated. Following China systematically and mercilessly occupied the region and forced to September 11 2001, the Chinese integrate its people into the Chinese government started justifying and even population. China also monopolized facilitating its repression and actions the region’s agricultural lands and rich toward the Uyghurs as part of the underground assets. After an organized global “War on Terror”. Its systematic intense influx of Chinese settlers in escalation policy has been constantly and the region, the connection of East continually implemented until present. EAST TURKESTAN 1 2 As its strength in global politics and continues for the transformation of economy is increasing day by day, by people in East Turkestan, actions have 2010 China showed itself remarkably been accelerated to destroy the Uyghur sensitive to criticism related to cultural and religious heritage. repression and rights violations of the East Turkestan people. Many families This report in your hands explains in East Turkestan have been detained the transformation of East Turkestan and considered potential risks. Millions throughout history and elaborates the of people are gathered in camps and period of ongoing violations it survived deprived of their liberty. While pressure under the Chinese occupation. WHERE IS EAST TURKESTAN? East Turkestan is the name of the in the world. East Turkestan is borded eastern region of Central Asian lands by Russia and Mongolia to the north; previously known as Ulu Turkestan Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, (Great Turkestan) that has been divided Afghanistan, Pakistan, Kashmir, and into two parts throughout historical India to the west; Mongolia and China to developments. East Turkestan’s area is the east and its southeast is distinguished 1.823.000 km2, third of which lays in by the Dark Mountains and the Tibetan Taklamakan, the second-largest desert plateau. JULY 2020 RESEARCH 119 The major water resource in East Turkestan were the Tarim’s basin, Turfan Plain, is the 2000 km-long Tarim River. Ili and Komul steppes, and Ili Plain, while the Irtysh rivers are also the region’s important Kazakh Turks were the majority in the rivers that also provide clean water to other southern parts of the Altai Mountains, countries. The wide agricultural areas Tarbagatai and Kunes plateaus. Moreover, irrigated by these rivers have shaped the Kyrgyz Turks and Tajiks lived as nomadic region's most ancient settlements. Kashgar, tribes in East Turkestan. Apart from the Yarkent, Karakash, Hoten, Bachu, Aksu, Turks, a small number of Mongolian tribes Kuqa, and Karashehir are the largest cities lived a nomadic life in the region as well. of the oases. In these oases, grain products Following the Chinese Manchu invasion are harvested twice a year. Moreover, these in 1759, Chinese ethnic people first oases are the largest cotton production inhabited regions such as the Muslim- areas in East Turkestan. Chinese Dungan tribe and the Sibe branch The oldest settlements of East Turkestan of the Manchu tribe, along with some other prior to the communist Chinese invasion ethnic groups. EAST TURKESTAN 3 4 East Turkestan’s 1953 official statistics said there was over 4 million Turkish-origin East Turkestan is rich in natural resources, population, including 3,640,000 Uyghur, containing 138 different mineral types so far, 504,000 Kazakh, and 70,000 Kyrgyz. In the constituting 78% of the variety of minerals same period, the Chinese population in the region was about 300,000. Accordingly, in China. 90% of the region was composed of Muslims of Turkish origin, while only 7% were Chinese. have been identified so far in the region, By the 1980s, China’s official statistics which makes up 78% of the variety of reported that the Han Chinese population China’s minerals. Actively operating in East Turkestan reached almost mines in East Turkestan are 85% of all 8,600,000, equal to almost 40% of the mines in China. The most prominent total population of the region, while the mines include chrome, salt, iron, Uyghur Turks fell to 11,303,000, which asbestos, manganese, copper, silicon, is approximately 55% of the population. lead, diamond, gold, silver, coal, and Apart from these two ethnic groups, there uranium. Since most of these metals are also 1,590,000 Kazakh Turks that live are not found in the inner regions of in the region. East Turkestan academics China, they are converted into usable affirm that the official figures do not raw materials and then transported reflect the reality; they claim that the to factories of the inner regions. For number of Muslim Turks in the region is example, according to 2015 data, a at least three times the reported numbers. total of 27,880,000 tons of crude oil extracted from four major oil basins in China founded the city of Urumqi after East Turkestan in one year were moved the invasion of East Turkestan due to the to the inner regions of China. By the strategic importance of the region, making end of 2020, China plans to increase the city with the highest immigrant its extraction to 29 million tons of oil population. Aside from Urumqi, China and 36 billion cubic meters of natural built other crowded industrial cities with gas annually. More than 60% of China's many oil companies. Apart from that, annual oil production is extracted from Altai, Tarbagatai, and Tacheng are the East Turkestan. In terms of energy cities resided mostly by Chinese. Recently, resources, East Turkestan is very rich due to the increasing number of arrests with oil. According to geologists, there and as a result of mass internment camps, is a total of 60 billion tons of oil reserves the region became sparsely populated in East Turkestan. In addition to oil, 30 with many Han Chinese that settled there billion cubic meters of natural gas are with serious financial support. transported to Shanghai, Fujian, and East Turkestan is rich with natural Guangzhou regions through three large resources, 138 different mineral types pipelines with a total length of 7,378 km. JULY 2020 RESEARCH 119 China plans to increase the number of largest cotton pr oducer, 84% of China’s pipelines to five. Besides, being the world's cotton comes from East Turkestan.8 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Many historians describe the Altai region in 752, local states based in Mountains on the northern border East Turkestan emerged such as the of East Turkestan as the place where Kara-Khanid Khanate State in 842 and the Turks first appeared. According the Qocho Kingdom Khanate in 845, to written historical sources, East after the Turks in the region accepted Turkestan was part of all the states Islam. The stability of the region, founded by Huns, Gokturks, and which was governed as regional Islamic Uyghurs that have ruled the region Khanates, was disturbed by the Mongol since the 4th century. attacks since the beginning of the 13th During this period when the Turkish century. As a result, East Turkestan was states firstly emerged, The Chinese ruled by Chagatai, the son of Genghis. people had simultaneous intensified When the Chagatai Khanate weakened, attacks on the region. While the the Timur Empire was established, Chinese had to withdraw from the and soon new divisions took place EAST TURKESTAN 5 6 The Seyyid Kingdom interval, which was full of political turmoil, created a security weakness and paved the way for “The preparatory era of the Chinese invasion” which occurred years later.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • HRWF Human Rights in the World Newsletter Bulgaria Table Of
    Table of Contents • EU votes for diplomats to boycott China Winter Olympics over rights abuses • CCP: 100th Anniversary of the party who killed 50 million • The CCP at 100: What next for human rights in EU-China relations? • Missing Tibetan monk was sentenced, sent to prison, family says • China occupies sacred land in Bhutan, threatens India • 900,000 Uyghur children: the saddest victims of genocide • EU suspends efforts to ratify controversial investment deal with China • Sanctions expose EU-China split • Recalling 10 March 1959 and origins of the CCP colonization in Tibet • Tibet: Repression increases before Tibetan Uprising Day • Uyghur Group Defends Detainee Database After Xinjiang Officials Allege ‘Fake Archive’ • Will the EU-China investment agreement survive Parliament’s scrutiny? • Experts demand suspension of EU-China Investment Deal • Sweden is about to deport activist to China—Torture and prison be damned • EU-CHINA: Advocacy for the Uyghur issue • Who are the Uyghurs? Canadian scholars give profound insights • Huawei enables China’s grave human rights violations • It's 'Captive Nations Week' — here's why we should care • EU-China relations under the German presidency: is this “Europe’s moment”? • If EU wants rule of law in China, it must help 'dissident' lawyers • Happening in Europe, too • U.N. experts call call for decisive measures to protect fundamental freedoms in China • EU-China Summit: Europe can, and should hold China to account • China is the world’s greatest threat to religious freedom and other basic human rights
    [Show full text]
  • Statement by Ms. Rebiya Kadeer, Uyghur Democracy Leader
    Statement by Ms. Rebiya Kadeer, Uyghur democracy leader European Parliament, Brussels, Belgium September 1, 2009 Good morning/afternoon/evening. Before we begin, I would like to thank the organizers. I would also like to thank everyone here today for your attendance. Since the unrest in Urumchi on July 5, 2009, the official Chinese media, led by Xinhua news agency and Chinese Central Television, has vigorously presented to the world the Chinese government’s version of events and the cause of the discontent shown by Uyghurs in the streets of East Turkestan’s regional capital. The version of the Urumchi unrest that has been presented to the world by the Chinese government follows this narrative. On July 5, Uyghur “plotters1” took to the streets and in a display of “beating, smashing, looting, and burning” killed 192 people and injured 1,7212. The riot was masterminded3 by me, Rebiya Kadeer, and the World Uyghur Congress (WUC). On July 19, Nur Bekri, the Chairman of what the Chinese government calls the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, admitted4 that Chinese security forces used live ammunition and shot dead protestors, who were referred to as “mobsters” in the official media, to control the unrest. This version of events, as is so often the case with Chinese reporting, is not true. For instance, we know that far more than 12 Uyghurs were shot by Chinese authorities. The Chinese government, through its proxies in the official media, is obscuring the truth in order to conceal a mass killing of Uyghurs by Chinese security forces. Furthermore, through its demonization of Uyghur protestors in the official media, it is attempting to justify the impending mass executions of Uyghurs as promised by Chinese officials.
    [Show full text]
  • Trapped in a Virtual Cage: Chinese State Repression of Uyghurs Online
    Trapped in a Virtual Cage: Chinese State Repression of Uyghurs Online Table of Contents I. Executive Summary..................................................................................................................... 2 II. Methodology .............................................................................................................................. 5 III. Background............................................................................................................................... 6 IV. Legislation .............................................................................................................................. 17 V. Ten Month Shutdown............................................................................................................... 33 VI. Detentions............................................................................................................................... 44 VII. Online Freedom for Uyghurs Before and After the Shutdown ............................................ 61 VIII. Recommendations................................................................................................................ 84 IX. Acknowledgements................................................................................................................. 88 Cover image: Composite of 9 Uyghurs imprisoned for their online activity assembled by the Uyghur Human Rights Project. Image credits: Top left: Memetjan Abdullah, courtesy of Radio Free Asia Top center: Mehbube Ablesh, courtesy of
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of the Xinjiang Problem on the China's
    IMPACT OF THE XINJIANG PROBLEM ON THE CHINA’S EXTERNAL RELATIONS: 1990-2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY FATMA ÖZGE ATAY IN PARTICULAR FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE PROGRAM OF EURASIAN STUDIES DECEMBER 2010 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Meliha Benli ALTUNIŞIK Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Pınar AKÇALI Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Oktay TANRISEVER Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Sencer İMER (Aksaray U., Dean of FEAS) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Oktay TANRISEVER (METU, IR) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fırat PURTAŞ (Gazi U., IR) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Fatma Özge ATAY Signature : iii ABSTRACT IMPACT OF THE XINJIANG PROBLEM ON CHINA’S EXTERNAL RELATIONS: 1990-2010 Atay, Fatma Özge M.S., Eurasian Studies Program Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Oktay F. TANRISEVER December 2010, 138 pages This thesis analyses the impact of the Xinjiang Problem on the foreign policy of China.
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertation JIAN 2016 Final
    The Impact of Global English in Xinjiang, China: Linguistic Capital and Identity Negotiation among the Ethnic Minority and Han Chinese Students Ge Jian A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2016 Reading Committee: Laada Bilaniuk, Chair Ann Anagnost, Chair Stevan Harrell Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Anthropology © Copyright 2016 Ge Jian University of Washington Abstract The Impact of Global English in Xinjiang, China: Linguistic Capital and Identity Negotiation among the Ethnic Minority and Han Chinese Students Ge Jian Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Laada Bilaniuk Professor Ann Anagnost Department of Anthropology My dissertation is an ethnographic study of the language politics and practices of college- age English language learners in Xinjiang at the historical juncture of China’s capitalist development. In Xinjiang the international lingua franca English, the national official language Mandarin Chinese, and major Turkic languages such as Uyghur and Kazakh interact and compete for linguistic prestige in different social scenarios. The power relations between the Turkic languages, including the Uyghur language, and Mandarin Chinese is one in which minority languages are surrounded by a dominant state language supported through various institutions such as school and mass media. The much greater symbolic capital that the “legitimate language” Mandarin Chinese carries enables its native speakers to have easier access than the native Turkic speakers to jobs in the labor market. Therefore, many Uyghur parents face the dilemma of choosing between maintaining their cultural and linguistic identity and making their children more socioeconomically mobile. The entry of the global language English and the recent capitalist development in China has led to English education becoming market-oriented and commodified, which has further complicated the linguistic picture in Xinjiang.
    [Show full text]
  • Uyghur Identity Contestation and Construction of Identity in a Conflict Setting
    UNIVERSITY OF GOTHENBURG School of Global Studies = Uyghur Identity Contestation and Construction of Identity in a Conflict Setting Master Thesis in Global Studies Spring Semester 2015 Author: Fanny Olson Supervisor: Camilla Orjuela ABSTRACT This study explores and discusses the dynamics of identity in conflict through examining Uyghur collective identity in the specific context of China as an emerging power. Particular attention is paid to how this identity is constructed and contested by different actors of the Xinjiang Conflict. The Xinjiang Conflict is a multifaceted conflict, consisting of both direct and structural violence. These dynamics of identity are based on different understandings of what it means to be a Uyghur, which is in line with existing research on contemporary conflicts that considers identity as a driving force of violence. Through a text analysis, this study sets out to assess how Uyghur identity is constructed and contested in the context of the Xinjiang Conflict, by primary actors; the Chinese government, Uyghur diaspora and the local Uyghur population in Xinjiang. As the Uyghurs’ identity has been contested, and discontent is cultivated among the Uyghur community, the conflict between Uyghurs and the Chinese government (dominated by the majority ethnic group Han Chinese) has escalated since the mid-1990s. The findings advanced in this research conclude that Uyghur identity, in the context of conflict, is contested within different areas, such as language, culture, territory, religion and even time. This paper suggests that within these areas, identity is contested though the different processes of negotiation, resistance, boundary-making and emphasis on certain features of ones identity.
    [Show full text]
  • The East Turkistan Islamic Party (E.T.I.P.) University Honors Capstone, Spring 2014
    The East Turkistan Islamic Party (E.T.I.P.) University Honors Capstone, Spring 2014 Author: Kathryn Appelman Advisor: Tricia Bacon, JLC This study investigates the motives, history, leadership, impact, and future of the East Turkistan Islamic Party (E.T.I.P.), a little-studied ethno-nationalist separatist terrorist organization in China’s Xinjiang province. Basing findings on existing literature, original Chinese news reports and press releases, and firsthand interviews with experts, it concludes that while E.T.I.P.-proper does not pose a significant threat to U.S. national security, issues surrounding it present significant foreign policy problems vis à vis China and the human rights community. However, ETIP members in Pakistan are likely cooperating with known enemies of the United States, and the United States should continue its CT efforts against them without infringing on China’s sovereignty. The East Turkistan Islamic Party (E.T.I.P.) I. Overview and Literature Review ETIP, or the East Turkistan Islamic Party, is a religious ethno-nationalist terrorist organization, made up of Uighur separatists who aim to establish a fundamentalist Islamic state in the West Chinese province of Xinjiang. In the United States, it is known largely for its connection to Al Qaeda, its threats against the 2008 Beijing Olympics, and its members detained in Guantanamo Bay. However, in China, ETIP is considered a serious threat to the internal security of the country. The study of active terrorist groups will always be a murky subject, but ETIP takes “murky” to a new level. Members of ETIP are Uighur Muslims; however, much further information, such as education level, structure, or community support, even the size of the organization, is tightly guarded by the PRC.
    [Show full text]
  • Alleged Uyghur Terrorism Information for the Press
    Alleged Uyghur Terrorism Information for the Press Uyghur American Association 1 Table of Contents 1. Uyghur American Association on Terrorism ...........................................................................3 1.1 Uyghur American Association Position........................................................................3 1.2 Quotes by Ms. Rebiya Kadeer on Terrorism.................................................................3 2. Uyghur American Association on the East Turkestan Islamic Movement ................................4 2.1 Designation by the U.S. government ...........................................................................4 2.2 Independent observers on ETIM .....................................................................................4 2.3 Unaddressed concerns .................................................................................................7 2.4 Chinese government justifications for repression............................................................8 2.5 Conclusion of Uyghur American Association on the existence of ETIM.......................8 3. Uyghur American Association on the Guantánamo Uyghurs ...................................................9 4. Timeline of Events Since 2007..............................................................................................11 5. Background on the Uyghur People and East Turkestan..........................................................14 6. Uyghur American Association...............................................................................................15
    [Show full text]
  • Comprehensive Encirclement
    COMPREHENSIVE ENCIRCLEMENT: THE CHINESE COMMUNIST PARTY’S STRATEGY IN XINJIANG GARTH FALLON A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy School of Humanities and Social Sciences International and Political Studies July 2018 1 THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: FALLON First name: Garth Other name/s: Nil Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: MPhil School: Humanitiesand Social Sciences Faculty: UNSW Canberraat ADFA Title: Comprehensive encirclement: the Chinese Communist Party's strategy in Xinjiang Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASETYPE) This thesis argues that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has a strategy for securing Xinjiang - its far-flung predominantly Muslim most north-western province - through a planned program of Sinicisation. Securing Xinjiang would turna weakly defended 'back door' to China into a strategic strongpointfrom which Beijing canproject influence into Central Asia. The CCP's strategy is to comprehensively encircle Xinjiang with Han people and institutions, a Han­ dominated economy, and supporting infrastructure emanatingfrom inner China A successful program of Sinicisation would transform Xinjiang from a Turkic-language-speaking, largely Muslim, physically remote, economically under-developed region- one that is vulnerable to separation from the PRC - into one that will be substantially more culturally similar to, and physically connected with, the traditional Han-dominated heartland of inner China. Once achieved, complete Sinicisation would mean Xinjiang would be extremely difficult to separate from China. In Xinjiang, the CCP enacts policies in support of Sinication across all areas of statecraft. This thesis categorises these activities across three dimensions: the economic and demographic dimension, the political and cultural dimension, and the security and international cooperationdimension.
    [Show full text]
  • WUC Is to Promote Democracy, Human Rights and Freedom for the Uyghur People and to Use Peaceful, Nonviolent and Democratic Means to Determine Their Future
    Submission to the Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade Legislation Committee the Customs Amendment of the Australian Parliament Banning Goods Produced by Uyghur Forced Labour- Bill 2020 05 February 2021 World Uyghur Congress Adolf-Kolping-Straße 9, 80336 Munich, Germany TEL +49 89 5432 1999 | FAX +49 89 5434 9789 | [email protected] The World Uyghur Congress, established in April 2004, is an international umbrella organization that represents the collective interests of the Uyghur people both in China and abroad. The principal objective of the WUC is to promote democracy, human rights and freedom for the Uyghur people and to use peaceful, nonviolent and democratic means to determine their future. Table of Contents I. Introduction...................................................................................................................................2 Key Takeaways...............................................................................................................................................3 II. Background ...............................................................................................................................................3 III. Forced Labour in East Turkistan ......................................................................................................4 Forced labour of detainees in internment camps settings.................................................................................................. 6 Forced labour in the apparel and garment industry...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Chinese Historian Su Beihai's Manuscript About the History Of
    UDC 908 Вестник СПбГУ. Востоковедение и африканистика. 2020. Т. 12. Вып. 4 Chinese Historian Su Beihai’s Manuscript about the History of Kazakh People in Central Asia: Historical and Source Study Analysis* T. Z. Kaiyrken, D. A. Makhat, A. Kadyskyzy L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, 2, ul. Satpayeva, Nur-Sultan, 010008, Kazakhstan For citation: Kaiyrken T. Z., Makhat D. A., Kadyskyzy A. Chinese Historian Su Beihai’s Manuscript about the History of Kazakh People in Central Asia: Historical and Source Study Analysis. Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies, 2020, vol. 12, issue 4, pp. 556–572. https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2020.406 The article analyses the research work of Chinese scientist Su Beihai on Kazakh history, one of the oldest nationalities in Eurasia. This work has been preserved as a manuscript and its main merit is the study of Kazakh history from early times to the present. Moreover, it shows Chinese scientists’ attitude to Kazakh history. Su Beihai’s scientific analysis was writ- ten in the late 1980s in China. At that time, Kazakhstan was not yet an independent country. Su Beihai drew on various works, on his distant expedition materials and demonstrated with facts that Kazakh people living in their modern settlements have a 2,500-year history. Although the book was written in accordance with the principles of Chinese communist historiography, Chinese censorship prevented its publication. Today, Kazakh scientists are approaching the end of their study and translation of Su Beihai’s manuscript. Therefore, the article first analyses the most important and innovative aspects of this work for Kazakh history.
    [Show full text]
  • World Uyghur Congress Newsletter No.10 Published: 10 May 2011
    World Uyghur Congress Newsletter No.10 Published: 10 May 2011 Newsletter No.10 May 2011 Official Website of the WUC | Unsubscribe | Subscribe | Older Editions | PDF Version Conference on the future of the Uyghurs in East Turkestan TOP STORY International Conference: The Future of the Uyghur People in East Turkestan FEATURED ARTICLES Uyghur Leaders Bared from Travel High Court turns down Uyghur Case for U.S. resettlement MEDIA WORK WUC on Facebook and Twitter / New Design Newsletter Interview with Alim Seystoff at Voice of America WUC PR World Press Freedom Day WUC Congratulates Dr. Lobsang Sangay PAST EVENTS 21st Anniversary of the Baren Massacre Second Grand Meeting of Friendship and Solidarity of Uyghur Youth, Sweden 7th General Assembly of the Kyrgyzstan Uyghur Union (Ittipak) Uyghur Event in Australia Conference on East Turkestan in Turkey U.S. - China Human Rights Dialogue UPCOMING EVENTS 17th session of the UN Human Rights Council Food and Culture from East Turkestan HIGHLIGHTED MEDIA ARTICLES AND REPORTS ON UYGHUR RELATED ISSUES US State Department: 2010 Human Rights Report UN Rights Panel Raps China Over 'Disappeared' Freedom House Report ""Freedom on the Net 2011" U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) 2011 Annual Report MORE MEDIA ARTICLES 1 / 10 www.uyghurcongress.org World Uyghur Congress Newsletter No.10 Published: 10 May 2011 TOP STORY International Conference: The Future of the Uyghur People in East Turkestan From May 2-8, 2011 the international conference The Future of Uyghur People in East Turkestan co-sponsored by Freedom House, World Uyghur Congress (WUC), Uyghur American Association (UAA) and the International Uyghur Human Rights and Democracy Foundation (IUHRDF), took place in Washington, D.C.
    [Show full text]