A Tutorial on Petrophysical Analysis in Oil Sands 21 Dr. Francois
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Seismic Reflection Methods in Offshore Groundwater Research
geosciences Review Seismic Reflection Methods in Offshore Groundwater Research Claudia Bertoni 1,*, Johanna Lofi 2, Aaron Micallef 3,4 and Henning Moe 5 1 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK 2 Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Université des Antilles, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; johanna.lofi@gm.univ-montp2.fr 3 Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, GEOMAR, 24148 Kiel, Germany; [email protected] 4 Marine Geology & Seafloor Surveying, Department of Geosciences, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta 5 CDM Smith Ireland Ltd., D02 WK10 Dublin, Ireland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 8 April 2020; Accepted: 26 July 2020; Published: 5 August 2020 Abstract: There is growing evidence that passive margin sediments in offshore settings host large volumes of fresh and brackish water of meteoric origin in submarine sub-surface reservoirs. Marine geophysical methods, in particular seismic reflection data, can help characterize offshore hydrogeological systems and yet the existing global database of industrial basin wide surveys remains untapped in this context. In this paper we highlight the importance of these data in groundwater exploration, by reviewing existing studies that apply physical stratigraphy and morpho-structural interpretation techniques to provide important information on—reservoir (aquifer) properties and architecture, permeability barriers, paleo-continental environments, sea-level changes and shift of coastal facies through time and conduits for water flow. We then evaluate the scientific and applied relevance of such methodology within a holistic workflow for offshore groundwater research. Keywords: submarine groundwater; continental margins; offshore water resources; seismic reflection 1. -
Technical Barriers and R&D Opportunities for Offshore, Sub-Seabed Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide
Technical Barriers and R&D Opportunities for Offshore, Sub-Seabed Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide Report Prepared for the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) Technical Group By the Offshore Storage Technologies Task Force September 14, 2015 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared by participants in the Offshore Storage Task Force: Mark Ackiewicz (United States, Chair); Katherine Romanak, Susan Hovorka, Ramon Trevino, Rebecca Smyth, Tip Meckel (all from the University of Texas at Austin, United States); Chris Consoli (Global CCS Institute, Australia); Di Zhou (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China); Tim Dixon, James Craig (IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme); Ryozo Tanaka, Ziqui Xue, Jun Kita (all from RITE, Japan); Henk Pagnier, Maurice Hanegraaf, Philippe Steeghs, Filip Neele, Jens Wollenweber (all from TNO, Netherlands); Philip Ringrose, Gelein Koeijer, Anne-Kari Furre, Frode Uriansrud (all from Statoil, Norway); Mona Molnvik, Sigurd Lovseth (both from SINTEF, Norway); Rolf Pedersen (University of Bergen, Norway); Pål Helge Nøkleby (Aker Solutions, Norway) Brian Allison (DECC, United Kingdom), Jonathan Pearce, Michelle, Bentham (both from the British Geological Survey, United Kingdom), Jeremy Blackford (Plymouth Marine Laboratory, United Kingdom). Each individual and their respective country has provided the necessary resources to enable the development of this work. The task force members would like to thank John Huston of Leonardo Technologies, Inc. (United States), for coordinating and managing the information contained in the report. i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report provides an overview of the current technology status, technical barriers, and research and development (R&D) opportunities associated with offshore, sub-seabed geologic storage of carbon dioxide (CO2). -
In-Process Characterization Plan for the Building 886 Closure Project
In-Process Characterization Plan KAISER. HILL COMPANY For the Building 886 .. Closure Project -. .. I RF'/RRIRS-99-349 Revision 0 .. RFlRM RS.99-349 Rocky Mountain RMRS Remediation Services, L.L.C. protecting the envimnrnent IN-PROCESS CHARACTERIZATION PLAN FOR THE BUILDING 886 CLOSURE PROJECT Rocky Mountain Remediation Services, L.L.C. October 1999 Revision 0 IN-PROCESS CHARACTERIZATION PLAN FOR THE BUILDING 886 CLOSURE PROJECT RFIRMRS-99-349 REVISION 0 October 1999 This in-Process Characterization Plan has been reviewed and approved by: - Date 4Y/& Date K6n Gillespie, HealtMnd Safety ’ Date r, RMRS Characterization Date IN-PROCESS CHA~4CTE2IZATION?LAN RFiRklRS-39-35 'W .I FOR THE a86 CLUSTER TOC. Page iii oi vi CLOSURE PROJECT Effective Date: lOiOliO9 IN-PROCESS CHARACTERIZATION PLAN FOR THE BUILDING 886 CLOSURE PROJECT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 .o INTRODUCTION ....................................... ...................... ................. 1.1 Purpose ........................................................... 1.2Scope ........................................... .................................. 1 2.0 CLUSTER DESCRIPTION .................................. .......................... 2 2.1 Summary of Existing Data ............................. ........................ 2 2.1.1 Radiological................................ .......................... 2 2.1.2Non-Radiological ......................... .......................... 3 2.2 Known or Suspected Data Gaps ......... 2.2.1 Radiological............................... ......................... -
Microstructural Characterization of a Canadian Oil Sand
Microstructural characterization of a Canadian oil sand Doan1,3 D.H., Delage2 P., Nauroy1 J.F., Tang1 A.M., Youssef2 S. Doan D.H., Delage P., Nauroy J.F., Tang A.M., and Youssef S. 2012. Microstructural characterization of a Canadian oil sand. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 49 (10), 1212-1220, doi:10.1139/T2012-072. 1 IFP Energies nouvelles, 1-4 Av. du Bois Préau, F 92852 Rueil-Malmaison Cedex, France [email protected] 2 Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, Navier/ CERMES 6 et 8, av. Blaise Pascal, F 77455 Marne La Vallée cedex 2, France [email protected] 3 now in Fugro France [email protected] Abstract: The microstructure of oil sand samples extracted at a depth of 75 m from the estuarine Middle McMurray formation (Alberta, Canada) has been investigated by using high resolution 3D X-Ray microtomography (µCT) and Cryo Scanning Electron Microscopy (CryoSEM). µCT images evidenced some dense areas composed of highly angular grains surrounded by fluids that are separated by larger pores full of gas. 3D Image analysis provided in dense areas porosity values compatible with in-situ log data and macroscopic laboratory determinations, showing that they are representative of intact states. µCT hence provided some information on the morphology of the cracks and disturbance created by gas expansion. The CryoSEM technique, in which the sample is freeze fractured within the SEM chamber prior to observation, provided pictures in which the (frozen) bitumen clearly appears between the sand grains. No evidence of the existence of a thin connate water layer between grains and the bitumen, frequently mentioned in the literature, has been obtained. -
High-Resolution Gamma Ray Attenuation Density Measurements on Mining Exploration Drill Cores, Including Cut Cores
The following document is a pre-print version of: Ross P-S, Bourke A (2017) High-resolution gamma ray attenuation density measurements on mining exploration drill cores, including cut cores. J. Apl. Geophys. 136:262-268 High-resolution gamma ray attenuation density measurements on mining exploration drill cores, including cut cores Ross, P.-S.*, Bourke, A. Institut national de la recherche scientifique, centre Eau Terre Environnement, 490, rue de la Couronne, Québec (QC), G1K 9A9, Canada * Corresponding author, [email protected] Abstract Physical property measurements are increasingly important in mining exploration. For density determinations on rocks, one method applicable on exploration drill cores relies on gamma ray attenuation. This non- destructive method is ideal because each measurement takes only ten seconds, making it suitable for high- resolution logging. However calibration has been problematic. In this paper we present new empirical, site- specific correction equations for whole NQ and BQ cores. The corrections force back the gamma densities to the “true” values established by the immersion method. For the NQ core caliber, the density range extends to high values (massive pyrite, ~5 g/cm 3) and the correction is thought to be very robust. We also present additional empirical correction factors for cut cores which take into account the missing material. These “cut core correction factors”, which are not site-specific, were established by making gamma density measurements on truncated aluminum cylinders of various residual thicknesses. Finally we show two examples of application for the Abitibi Greenstone Belt in Canada. The gamma ray attenuation measurement system is part of a multi-sensor core logger which also determines magnetic susceptibility, geochemistry and mineralogy on rock cores, and performs line-scan imaging. -
Technical Report 08-05 Skb-Tr-98-05
SE9900011 TECHNICAL REPORT 08-05 SKB-TR-98-05 The Very Deep Hole Concept - Geoscientific appraisal of conditions at great depth C Juhlin1, T Wallroth2, J Smellie3, T Eliasson4, C Ljunggren5, B Leijon3, J Beswick6 1 Christopher Juhlin Consulting 2 Bergab Consulting Geologists 3 ConterraAB 4 Geological Survey of Sweden 5 Vattenfall Hydropower AB 6 EDECO Petroleum Services Ltd June 1998 30- 07 SVENSK KARNBRANSLEHANTERING AB SWEDISH NUCLEAR FUEL AND WASTE MANAGEMENT CO P.O.BOX 5864 S-102 40 STOCKHOLM SWEDEN PHONE +46 8 459 84 00 FAX+46 8 661 57 19 THE VERY DEEP HOLE CONCEPT • GEOSCIENTIFIC APPRAISAL OF CONDITIONS AT GREAT DEPTH CJuhlin1, T Wai froth2, J Smeflie3, TEIiasson4, C Ljunggren5, B Leijon3, J Beswick6 1 Christopher Juhlin Consulting 2 Bergab Consulting Geologists 3 Conterra AB 4 Geological Survey of Sweden 5 Vattenfall Hydropower AB 6 EDECO Petroleum Services Ltd. June 1998 This report concerns a study which was conducted for SKB. The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily coincide with those of the client. Information on SKB technical reports froml 977-1978 (TR 121), 1979 (TR 79-28), 1980 (TR 80-26), 1981 (TR 81-17), 1982 (TR 82-28), 1983 (TR 83-77), 1984 (TR 85-01), 1985 (TR 85-20), 1986 (TR 86-31), 1987 (TR 87-33), 1988 (TR 88-32), 1989 (TR 89-40), 1990 (TR 90-46), 1991 (TR 91-64), 1992 (TR 92-46), 1993 (TR 93-34), 1994 (TR 94-33), 1995 (TR 95-37) and 1996 (TR 96-25) is available through SKB. -
Geo V18i2 with Covers in Place.Indd
VOL. 18, NO. 2 – 2021 GEOSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EXPLAINED GEO EDUCATION Geoscientists for the Energy Transition INDUSTRY ISSUES Gas Flaring EXPLORATION Alaska Anxiously Awaits its Fate GEOPHYSICS Nimble Nodes ENERGY TRANSITION Increasing Energy While Decreasing Carbon geoexpro.com GEOExPro May 2021 1 Previous issues: www.geoexpro.com Contents Vol. 18 No. 2 This issue of GEO ExPro focuses on North GEOSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EXPLAINED America; New Technologies and the Future for Geoscientists. 30 West Texas! Land of longhorn cattle, 5 Editorial mesquite, and fiercely independent ranchers. It also happens to be the 6 Regional Update: The Third Growth location of an out-of-the-way desert gem, Big Bend National Park. Gary Prost Phase of the Haynesville Play takes us on a road trip and describes the 8 Licencing Update: PETRONAS geology of this beautiful area. Launches Malaysia Bid Round, 2021 48 10 A Minute to Read The effects of contourite systems on deep water 14 Cover Story: Gas Flaring sediments can be subtle or even cryptic. However, in recent years 20 Seismic Foldout: The Greater Orphan some significant discoveries and Basin the availability of high-quality regional scale seismic data, 26 Energy Transition: Critical Minerals has drawn attention to the from Petroleum Fields frequent presence of contourite dominated bedforms. 30 GEO Tourism: Big Bend Country 34 Energy Transition Update: Increasing Energy While Decreasing Carbon 36 Hot Spot: North America 52 Seismic node systems developed in the past 38 GEO Education: Geoscientists for the decade were not sufficiently compact to efficiently Energy Transition acquire dense seismic in any environment. To answer this challenge, BP, in collaboration 42 Seismic Foldout: Ultra-Long Offsets with Rosneft and Schlumberger, developed a new nimble node system, now being developed Signal a Bright Future for OBN commercially by STRYDE. -
Hyperspectral Imaging for the Characterization of Athabasca Oil Sands Core
Hyperspectral imaging for the characterization of Athabasca oil sands core by Michelle Alexandra Speta A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Alberta © Michelle Alexandra Speta, 2016 Abstract The Athabasca oil sands of northeastern Alberta, Canada, are one of the largest accumulations of crude bitumen in the world. Drill core sampling is the principal method for investigating subsurface geology in the oil sands industry. Cores are logged to record sedimentological characteristics and sub-sampled for total bitumen content (TBC) determination. However, these processes are time- and labour-intensive, and in the case of TBC analysis, destructive to the core. Hyperspectral imaging is a remote sensing technique that combines reflectance spectroscopy with digital imaging. This study investigates the application of hyperspectral imaging for the characterization of Athabasca oil sands drill core with three specific objectives: 1) spectral determination of TBC in core samples, 2) visual enhancement of sedimentological features in oil-saturated sediments, and 3) automated classification of lithological units in core imagery. Two spectral models for the determination of TBC were tested on four suites of fresh core and one suite of dry core from different locations and depths in the Athabasca deposit. The models produce greyscale images that show the spatial distribution of oil saturation at a per-pixel scale (~1 mm). For all cores and both models, spectral TBC results were highly correlated with Dean- Stark data (R2 = 0.94-0.99). The margin of error in the spectral predictions for three of the fresh cores was comparable to that of Dean-Stark analysis (±1.5 wt %). -
1994: Effects of Coring on Petrophysical Measurements
EFFECTS OF CORING ON PETROPHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS. Rune M. Holt, IKU Petroleum Research and NTH Norwegian Institute of Technology, Trondheim, Norway ABSTRACT When a core sample is taken fiom great depth to the surface, it may be permanently altered by several mechanisms. This Paper focusses on possible effects of stress release on petrophysical measurables, such as porosity, permeability, acoustic velocities and compaction behaviour. The results are obtained through an experimental study, where synthetic rocks are formed under simulated in situ stress conditions, so that stress release effects can be studied in a systematic way. INTRODUCTION Core measurements provide important input data to petroleum reservoir evaluations. Uncertainties in reserve estimates and predicted production profiles may originate from uncertianties in core data. In addition to measurement errors, such uncertainty may be a result of core damage (see e.g. Santarelli and Dusseault, 199 1). By core damage we mean permanent alteration of core material so that the material is no longer representative of the rock in situ. It is important to distinguish here between core alteration, which can be repaired by reinstalling the in situ conditions, and permanent core damage. A general advice would be to perform any core measurement as close to in situ (stress, pore pressure, temperature, fluid saturation) conditions as possible. In the case of a damaged core, this does however not warrant a correct result. The focus of this Paper will be on unrepairable core damage, and where the damage is caused by a mechanical failure of the rock. We shall look briefly into mechanisms that may cause such damage, how permanent core damage may affect various petrophysical parameters, and how one may correct for or reduce such core damage. -
Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the 4Th Conference Volume 1 Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the 4Th Conference
Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the 4th Conference Volume 1 Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the 4th Conference held at the Barbican Centre, London 29 March-1 April 1992 Volume 1 edited by J. R. Parker Shell UK Exploration and Production, London with I. D. Bartholomew Oryx UK Energy Company, Uxbridge W. G. Cordey Shell UK Exploration and Production, London R. E. Dunay Mobil North Sea Limited, London O. Eldholm University of Oslo A. J. Fleet BP Research, Sunbury A. J. Fraser BP Exploration, Glasgow K. W. Glennie Consultant, Ballater J. H. Martin Imperial College, London M. L. B. Miller Petroleum Science and Technology Institute, Edinburgh C. D. Oakman Reservoir Research Limited, Glasgow A. M. Spencer Statoil, Stavanger M. A. Stephenson Enterprise Oil, London B. A. Vining Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, Leatherhead T. J. Wheatley Total Oil Marine pic, Aberdeen - 1993 Published by The Geological Society London THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY The Society was founded in 1807 as The Geological Society of London and is the oldest geological society in the world. It received its Royal Charter in 1825 for the purpose of 'investigating the mineral structure of the Earth'. The Society is Britain's national learned society for geology with a membership of 7500 (1992). It has countrywide coverage and approximately 1000 members reside overseas. The Society is responsible for all aspects of the geological sciences including professional matters. The Society has its own publishing house which produces the Society's international journals, books and maps, and which acts as the European distributor for publications of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists and the Geological Society of America. -
Integration of Seismic and Petrophysics to Characterize Reservoirs in ‘‘ALA’’ Oil Field, Niger Delta
Hindawi Publishing Corporation The Scientific World Journal Volume 2013, Article ID 421720, 15 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/421720 Research Article Integration of Seismic and Petrophysics to Characterize Reservoirs in ‘‘ALA’’ Oil Field, Niger Delta P. A. Alao, S. O. Olabode, and S. A. Opeloye Department of Applied Geology, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B 704 Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria Correspondence should be addressed to P. A. Alao; [email protected] Received 9 April 2013; Accepted 25 June 2013 Academic Editors: M. Faure and G.-L. Yuan Copyright © 2013 P. A. Alao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In the exploration and production business, by far the largest component of geophysical spending is driven by the need to characterize (potential) reservoirs. The simple reason is that better reservoir characterization means higher success rates and fewer wells for reservoir exploitation. In this research work, seismic and well log data were integrated in characterizing the reservoirs on “ALA” field in Niger Delta. Three-dimensional seismic data was used to identify the faults and map the horizons. Petrophysical parameters and time-depth structure maps were obtained. Seismic attributes was also employed in characterizing the reservoirs. Seven hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs with thickness ranging from 9.9 to 71.6 m were delineated. Structural maps of horizons in six wells containing hydrocarbon-bearing zones with tops and bottoms at range of −2,453 to −3,950 m were generated; this portrayed the trapping mechanism to be mainly fault-assisted anticlinal closures. -
Best Research Support and Anti-Plagiarism Services and Training
CleanScript Group – best research support and anti-plagiarism services and training List of oil field acronyms The oil and gas industry uses many jargons, acronyms and abbreviations. Obviously, this list is not anywhere near exhaustive or definitive, but this should be the most comprehensive list anywhere. Mostly coming from user contributions, it is contextual and is meant for indicative purposes only. It should not be relied upon for anything but general information. # 2D - Two dimensional (geophysics) 2P - Proved and Probable Reserves 3C - Three components seismic acquisition (x,y and z) 3D - Three dimensional (geophysics) 3DATW - 3 Dimension All The Way 3P - Proved, Probable and Possible Reserves 4D - Multiple Three dimensional's overlapping each other (geophysics) 7P - Prior Preparation and Precaution Prevents Piss Poor Performance, also Prior Proper Planning Prevents Piss Poor Performance A A&D - Acquisition & Divestment AADE - American Association of Drilling Engineers [1] AAPG - American Association of Petroleum Geologists[2] AAODC - American Association of Oilwell Drilling Contractors (obsolete; superseded by IADC) AAR - After Action Review (What went right/wrong, dif next time) AAV - Annulus Access Valve ABAN - Abandonment, (also as AB) ABCM - Activity Based Costing Model AbEx - Abandonment Expense ACHE - Air Cooled Heat Exchanger ACOU - Acoustic ACQ - Annual Contract Quantity (in reference to gas sales) ACQU - Acquisition Log ACV - Approved/Authorized Contract Value AD - Assistant Driller ADE - Asphaltene