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Managing Fugitive Dust

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Managing Fugitive Dust MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY Managing Fugitive Dust A Guide for Compliance with the Air Regulatory Requirements for Particulate Matter Generation www.michigan.gov/deq | 800-662-9278 03/2016 This publication is intended for guidance only and may be impacted by changes in legislation, rules, policies, and procedures adopted after the date of publication. Although this publication makes every effort to teach users how to meet applicable compliance obligations, use of this publication does not constitute the rendering of legal advice. PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) will not discriminate against any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, religion, age, national origin, color, marital status, disability, political beliefs, height, weight, genetic information or sexual orientation. Questions or concerns should be directed to the Quality of Life – Office of Human Resources, P.O. Box 30473, Lansing, MI 48909-7973. Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction .............................................................................................................................1 2.0 What is Fugitive Dust and Why is it an Air Pollution Problem? ................................................1 Table 1 - Fugitive Dust Generating Activities ..........................................................................2 3.0 Permitting, Major Source Designations, and Fugitive Dust .....................................................3 3.1 The Permit to Install .......................................................................................................3 3.2 The Renewable Operating Permit (ROP) ......................................................................4 3.3 Do Fugitive Dust Emissions Have to be Included in “Major Source” Determinations? .................................................................................4 4.0 Determining Opacity ...............................................................................................................5 Table 2 - Industrial Sources Categories That Must Quantify Fugitive Dust Emissions .........................................................................................6 5.0 Fugitive Dust Control Programs ..............................................................................................7 5.1 When Are Fugitive Dust Programs Required by Public Act? .........................................8 Table 3 - Spraying Requirements for Fugitive Dust Sources .........................................9 5.2 When are Fugitive Dust Programs Required by Rule? ..................................................10 Table 4 - Source Activities with Highly Monitored Dust Emissions .................................11 5.3 Permits and Consent Orders .........................................................................................11 6.0 Fugitive Dust as a Nuisance ...................................................................................................12 7.0 Do Businesses Have to Pay Fees for Fugitive Dust Emissions? ............................................12 8.0 Quantifying Fugitive Dust Emissions for Reporting Purposes .................................................12 9.0 What Can You Do to Minimize or Eliminate Fugitive Dust? ....................................................13 Table 5 - Fugitive Dust Best Management Practices ..............................................................14 10.0 Why Should You Comply? ......................................................................................................15 10.1 General Duty ................................................................................................................15 10.2 Contractual Obligation ..................................................................................................15 10.3 Enforcement .................................................................................................................16 11.0 State Contacts ........................................................................................................................16 Acronyms ................................................................................................................................17 Appendix A. Air Pollution Control Rules .................................................................................19 Appendix B. Sample Fugitive Dust Plans ...............................................................................33 Appendix C. Air Quality District Office Contract Information ...................................................43 Managing Fugitive Dust Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION This publication explains the federal and state statutes and rules that apply to the minimization of fugitive dust from industrial sources and transportation maintenance activities in Michigan. It also provides information on how to minimize fugitive dust generation, but is not a substitute for reading and understanding the federal standards and state rules that are applicable to various fugitive dust generating sources. Many of the state rules governing compliance with fugitive dust can be found in the Michigan Air Pollution Control Rules. Appendix A contains a copy of the state statute and rules that are cited throughout this document. 2.0 WHAT IS FUGITIVE DUST AND WHY IS IT AN AIR POLLUTION PROBLEM? Michigan defines fugitive dust under R 336.1106(k) of the Michigan Air Pollution Control Rules as “particulate matter which is generated from indoor processes, activities, or operations and which is emitted into the outer air through building openings and general exhaust ventilation, except stacks. The term also means particulate matter which is emitted into the outer air from outdoor processes, activities, or operations due to the forces of the wind or human activity.” Emissions that are discharged from building stacks are not defined as fugitive dust, nor is fugitive dust considered to be a by- product of open burning activities. Fugitive dust particles are comprised mainly of soil minerals (i.e. oxides of silicon, aluminum, calcium, and iron), but can also consist of sea salt, pollen, spores, etc. The most common regulated forms of particulate matter are known as PM10 (particulate matter with a diameter of 10 microns or less in size) and PM2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less in size). PM10 consists of contents such as soil, and are generally larger and less harmful than PM2.5 which is manifested in pollutant gases through physical changes or chemical reactions. Although most fugitive dust particles are larger than 10 microns in size (comparatively, the average human hair is 70 microns in diameter), all have the ability to settle quickly on the ground or adversely affect human health or the environment. What types of activities generate fugitive dust? All activities have the potential to generate fugitive dust, although frequent and high levels of dust particles often originate from activities in the following industrial sectors: agricultural, mining, construction, manufacturing, transportation and utilities, wholesale/retail trade, and service. Table 1 shows some of the more common sources and activities that have the potential to generate significant levels of fugitive dust. Managing Fugitive Dust Page 1 TABLE 1 – Fugitive Dust Generating Activities INDUSTRIAL SOURCE ACTIVITY SECTOR Loading and unloading grain in storage bins and Agricultural Grain Storage and Distribution silos, site maintenance, and track out Blasting, conveying and storage; site maintenance, Mining Mining and Quarries and track out from truck and loading traffic Equipment and truck use, soil disturbances, site and Construction Industrial & Commercial Building equipment maintenance, and track out Equipment and truck use, soil disturbances, site and Roadway Building, Paving equipment maintenance, and track out Material crushing, screening operations, aggregate Hot Mix Asphalt Processing and Manufacturing storage, baghouse collectates, recycling, and track Application out from truck and loading traffic Material crushing, front-end/hopper/bin loading, Concrete Batch Processing and transfer conveying, aggregate storage piles, Application recycling, and track out from truck and loading traffic Storage and transfer of coke used for process, fly Foundries ash Food & Agricultural Processing Storage, transfer, conveying and track out Paper & Wood Products Storage and track out Crushing Operations (Rock, Glass, Loading, off-loading, crushing, conveying and Concrete, Demolition Material, etc.) storage, site maintenance, and track out Patching, clipping, sealing, shoulder repair, Transportation Road/Bridge Maintenance and sweeping, concrete sawing and surface preparation and Utilities Repair for painting, rock salt storage, and site maintenance Loading and off-loading of rail cars, lot maintenance, Rail Freight Yards and track out Truck Freight Haulers/Off-Loading Loading and off-loading, lot maintenance, and track Yards out Utilities Storage and transfer of coal used for process Unpaved parking lots Vehicle traffic, lot maintenance, and track out Wholesale/ Transfers on-site and bulk storage, site maintenance, Mineral Storage and Distribution Retail Trade and track out General Material Storage (Glass, Transfers on-site and bulk storage, site maintenance, Concrete, Gravel, Sinter, Cement, and track out Stone, Clay, Gypsum, Wood Chips) Transfers on-site; vehicle traffic; site maintenance; Services Landfill
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