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THE ST MARYLEBONE SOCIETY NEWSLETTER Autumn 2015 Number 345 www.stmarylebonesociety.or g Registered Charity 274082 TRAFFIC , TOXIC AIR AND TWO -WAY NMTG members (facing camera) Cynthia Poole, Hugh Small, Sheila D’Souza and Kevin Lee explaining the NO 2 survey to local residents. Poor air quality has been a concern in street, giving valuable insight into how assure themselves and residents that Marylebone long before VW’s diesel much pollution people encounter the two-way scheme will not result in emissions scandal erupted. Worried that insidiously in their daily lives. Fifty NO 2 new exceedances caused by more traffic the Baker Street two-way scheme could diffusion tubes were set up to sample air entering Ivor Place. displace traffic into residential streets, quality during July 2015 – at bus stops, The survey report will be circulated the SMS and North Marylebone Traffic crossings on main roads, busy and quiet widely and its findings publicised to Group (NMTG) asked for an Air Quality side streets, near schools, pavement raise awareness of the risks and help Impact Assessment to be done. A core cafes, and near housing close to the people reduce their cumulative team also decided to do a baseline railway tracks of Marylebone Station. exposure to polluted air. Hopefully, it The results from a reputable laboratory survey of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) levels will spur more people to campaign for with technical help from Mapping for are credible because the “control effective policies to improve our air Change, a social enterprise based at reading” from our tube placed at the quality faster. At a time of austerity, University College London, and funding Monitoring Station matches DEFRA’s when London is facing EU fines for from the Dorset Square Trust. reported NO 2 reading from that station toxic air which contributes to 10,000 for July 2015. WCC summarised its Air Quality Impact deaths a year, it is astonishing that TfL Assessment at a meeting with the The survey confirms that kerbside is spending taxpayers’ money on a NMTG; their report is not yet available. levels of NO 2 are high on strategic roads traffic neutral scheme not designed to – being 60-90µg/m 3 on Baker Street and improve air quality. London’s Mayor They envisaged no changes to NO 2 3 levels because the two-way scheme is Gloucester Place and 97-117µg/m on emphasises the benefits of hybrid buses Marylebone Road. NO soars to 134- intended to be traffic neutral and not 2 and the future Ultra-Low Emissions 145µg/m 3 on the central reservation of displace traffic from the main roads into Zone (ULEZ). We now know the new Marylebone Road, which contrasts with buses emit far more than they were side streets. Based on London-wide 3 74 µg/m in the subway. The survey modelled data, all our residential streets supposed to and that the ULEZ clearly shows that residential streets in are expected to have annual mean NO excludes north Marylebone. 2 the Dorset Square Conservation Area 3 We await WCC’s revised proposals for levels of 40-60micrograms per cubic (DSCA), with readings of 35-45µg/m , 3 the 2-Way and its Air Quality Impact metre (µg/m ) i.e. be above the EU limit are on the cusp of being just below and 3 Assessment – literally with bated (40µg/m ) for this pollutant. We were above the EU limit. Cllr Robert Davis’s breath. assured the two-way would not cause assurance that Westminster Council will any new exceedances of this limit. examine how the DSCA can be Sheila D’Souza In this context the NMTG’s protected from more traffic becomes STOP PRESS: Survey results available at: community-led local survey shows how vitally important. To comply with EU https://communitymaps.org.uk/#/project real NO 2 levels vary from street to regulations, the Council and TfL need to /26?center=51.5153:-0.1457:1 Continued overleaf. SPIES IN OUR MIDST website he was born in a workhouse in Marylebone, but his birth certificate reveals it was actually just outside Marylebone at 285 Harrow Road, which was then the Paddington Workhouse. His interest in literature was cultivated not at St Marylebone Grammar School where he was a pupil, but by reading in Marylebone Library. This was after pressure from his father, Leonard. "One day he said to me, 'I won't punish you for the terrible reports you bring home from school if I see you reading.' That really did push me into reading books. I played truant all the time and I usually went to the Marylebone Reference Library and I would just sit there all day long and read. A terrible kind of 47 Gloucester Place Mews, today. he too was arrested. He decoded sedentary childhood I had, when I think Spy thriller novelist Len Deighton was sensitive and highly secret telegrams about it." Many of the houses in not only born and raised in Marylebone from Winston Churchill to President Gloucester Place Mews had garages – he also witnessed the arrest of a real Roosevelt requesting battleships and which had been converted from stables. spy (his neighbour) there. While he was the replies when America was still Deighton's father was a chauffeur and living at 47 Gloucester Place Mews in officially neutral. These were shown by mechanic in charge of two cars here for May 1940 police came to arrest the Kent to Wolkoff who photographed Campbell Dodgson (1867-1948), who Russian born Anna Wolkoff (1902-73), them and passed them on to the lived in the adjoining street at 22 who lived directly opposite at number Germans. After a secret trial he served Montagu Square. This was revealed by 44. Deighton was aged 11 at the time seven years in jail and was then Deighton on Radio 4's Food Programme and he later recalled: "I heard cars deported to America. What interested on August 9 this year. Dodgson was a arriving in the middle of the night. Deighton many years later was that relative of Lewis Carroll (the pen name Crammed shoulder to shoulder with my Wolkoff's address in Gloucester Place of Charles Dodgson) and curator of parents, I leaned out of the window. Mews was erased from the Special prints and drawings at the British There were two police cars in the mews Branch records, which he was able to Museum. Deighton's mother was a cook and Special Branch officers were see with the help of "a good friend". Also who, because they were relatively poor, banging on her street door. They erased was any mention of her dinner prepared stews and made much use of bundled her into a car and took her parties and her guests. "My mother offal. "To get a chicken already cut up away to face charges of espionage. She (who might have identified some of would have been extraordinary to her," was sentenced to ten years in prison." Anna's guests) was never questioned, said Deighton on the Food Programme. Before her arrest he saw her almost neither were any of the neighbours," he "She would use the carcass for soup and every day and when she joined the recalled. "Unfortunately for the men so on." She also taught him to cook. "A National Fire Service and wore her and women of MI5, who, led by the pork pie was the first thing she taught uniform "everyone noted her volunteer famous Maxwell Knight, had Anna me to cook. My father could not believe service as a sign of wartime patriotism." under surveillance, no one remembered I had cooked it. "He made car parts and Anna was on friendly terms with to falsify the electoral register, which expected me to be more adroit. But my Deighton's mother, Doris, and, being a recorded Wolkoff's address in mother was more tolerant of me spilling milliner, gave her "some remarkable Gloucester Place Mews." She is listed anything, and would laugh if I dropped hats" including "a black velvet fez with there as Anna Dewolkoff. Another of dough. She was Irish (her maiden name coloured ostrich feathers." In return their neighbours was Larry Adler was Fitzgerald) and thought this was par Doris cooked for Anna's "chic dinner (1914-2001), the star harmonica player, for the course. "Rationing did not apply parties" attended by members of the who also lived directly opposite the to offal so brains, kidney and liver were Right Club. One of these club members Deightons. Deighton was born on all bought by my mother, so I saw a wide was a young American Embassy cypher February 18, 1929. His family home variety of cooking." It is no surprise clerk, Tyler Kent (1911-88), who lived shown on his birth certificate was 22 therefore that he has published several just one street away in a second floor Gloucester Place Mews (this became 47 cookery books as well as his best selling apartment at 47 Gloucester Place (now in the street renumbering of 1938). novels. the Opulence Hotel). This was where According to The Deighton Dossier Mike Pentelow 2 WHY WESTMINSTER ROAD CASUALTIES GO UP WHILE TRAFFIC GOES DOWN Many people will be surprised to learn car occupant casualties are falling[1]. that motor traffic in central London has There are many causes for the shift to fallen by nearly 25 per cent in this cycling and public transport. The cost of century, despite a 15 per cent increase car ownership has risen at nearly double in London’s population. It may seem the rate of inflation since 1995[2], faster even more surprising that Westminster, than urban public transport.