Skeleton of Early Eocene Homogalax and the Origin of Perissodactyla
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Foraminifera of the Eocene of Belgium
FORAMINIFERA OF THE EOCENE OF BELGIUM CHAPTER I STRATI GRAPHIC REVIEW INTRODUCTION In 1833 L\ELL ubdivided the Tertiary period into four groups : Eocene, Miocene, Older Pliocene and Newer Pliocene. He based his subdivisions on the percentages of living species of molluscs of the variou known fossil faunas of northwestern Europe. For these percentages he adopted the countings given by DESHAYES (1830) . The percentage of the Eocene ·was mainly based on the rich faunas of the Paris basin. Since LrnLL's proposal, the Eocene suffered the separation of the Oligocene (BEYRICB, 1854) and of the Paleocene ( CHDIPER, 1874), but it still represents the central and main part of the Paleogene (NAmrAK:\', 1866) or Nummulitique (REl'iEYIER, 1873; HAUG, 1911). Paleogene trata appear at the surface in a large part of Belgium. They belong to a m uch larger area of form er deposition which included southern England (London and Hamp shire ba ins) , northern France (Paris basin) and the southern Netherlands. The relationship between this great anglo-franco-belgian basin and the depositional areas in the northern .:\etherlands, northern Germany, and Denmark is not quite clear. According to stratigraphic maps, published by PA NNEKOEK (1956), the Belgian basin was separated from the 'orthern German-Dani h basin by a SE-1'vV striking swell. During at least part of the Eocene there must have been orne connection between the two basins. Since L\ELL' time the Eocen e has been subdivided into a number of stages. These stage , such as those e tablished by Dm roNT, were originally merely names for rock-units. -
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Chronology and Faunal Evolution of the Middle Eocene Bridgerian North American Land Mammal “Age”: Achieving High Precision Geochronology Kaori Tsukui Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2016 © 2015 Kaori Tsukui All rights reserved ABSTRACT Chronology and Faunal Evolution of the Middle Eocene Bridgerian North American Land Mammal “Age”: Achieving High Precision Geochronology Kaori Tsukui The age of the Bridgerian/Uintan boundary has been regarded as one of the most important outstanding problems in North American Land Mammal “Age” (NALMA) biochronology. The Bridger Basin in southwestern Wyoming preserves one of the best stratigraphic records of the faunal boundary as well as the preceding Bridgerian NALMA. In this dissertation, I first developed a chronological framework for the Eocene Bridger Formation including the age of the boundary, based on a combination of magnetostratigraphy and U-Pb ID-TIMS geochronology. Within the temporal framework, I attempted at making a regional correlation of the boundary-bearing strata within the western U.S., and also assessed the body size evolution of three representative taxa from the Bridger Basin within the context of Early Eocene Climatic Optimum. Integrating radioisotopic, magnetostratigraphic and astronomical data from the early to middle Eocene, I reviewed various calibration models for the Geological Time Scale and intercalibration of 40Ar/39Ar data among laboratories and against U-Pb data, toward the community goal of achieving a high precision and well integrated Geological Time Scale. In Chapter 2, I present a magnetostratigraphy and U-Pb zircon geochronology of the Bridger Formation from the Bridger Basin in southwestern Wyoming. -
Perissodactyla: Tapirus) Hints at Subtle Variations in Locomotor Ecology
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY 277:1469–1485 (2016) A Three-Dimensional Morphometric Analysis of Upper Forelimb Morphology in the Enigmatic Tapir (Perissodactyla: Tapirus) Hints at Subtle Variations in Locomotor Ecology Jamie A. MacLaren1* and Sandra Nauwelaerts1,2 1Department of Biology, Universiteit Antwerpen, Building D, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein, Wilrijk, Antwerp 2610, Belgium 2Centre for Research and Conservation, Koninklijke Maatschappij Voor Dierkunde (KMDA), Koningin Astridplein 26, Antwerp 2018, Belgium ABSTRACT Forelimb morphology is an indicator for order Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates). Modern terrestrial locomotor ecology. The limb morphology of the tapirs are widely accepted to belong to a single enigmatic tapir (Perissodactyla: Tapirus) has often been genus (Tapirus), containing four extant species compared to that of basal perissodactyls, despite the lack (Hulbert, 1973; Ruiz-Garcıa et al., 1985) and sev- of quantitative studies comparing forelimb variation in eral regional subspecies (Padilla and Dowler, 1965; modern tapirs. Here, we present a quantitative assess- ment of tapir upper forelimb osteology using three- Wilson and Reeder, 2005): the Baird’s tapir (T. dimensional geometric morphometrics to test whether bairdii), lowland tapir (T. terrestris), mountain the four modern tapir species are monomorphic in their tapir (T. pinchaque), and the Malayan tapir (T. forelimb skeleton. The shape of the upper forelimb bones indicus). Extant tapirs primarily inhabit tropical across four species (T. indicus; T. bairdii; T. terrestris; T. rainforest, with some populations also occupying pinchaque) was investigated. Bones were laser scanned wet grassland and chaparral biomes (Padilla and to capture surface morphology and 3D landmark analysis Dowler, 1965; Padilla et al., 1996). was used to quantify shape. -
A.-The Pondaung Fauna
Article VI.-FOSSIL MAMMALS FROM BURMA IN THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY BY EDWIN H. COLBERT FIGuRES 1 TO 64 CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION ........................................................ 259 The American Museum Palaeontological Expedition to Burma............ 259 Previous Publications on Fossil Mammals of Burma..................... 259 Studies on the American Museum Burma Collection..................... 261 Acknowledgments ................................................... 262 THIE CONTINENTAL TERTIARY AND QUATERNARY BEDS OF NORTHERN BURMA. 263 General Observations................................................ 263 Mammal-Bearing Beds of Northern Burma............................. 264 The Pondaung Sandstone........................................... 265 The Freshwater Pegu Beds......................................... 267 The Irrawaddy Series.............................................. 267 Correlation of the Mammal Bearing Horizons of Northern Burma ......... 268 Pondaung Fauna.................................................. 268 Pegu Series....................................................... 275 Lower Irrawaddy Fauna............................................ 276 Upper Irrawaddy Fauna............................................ 277 THE FoSSIL MAMMAL FAUNAS OF BURMA ................................ 280 Pondaung Fauna......................................... 280 Mammals from the Pegu Series........................................ 280 Lower Irrawaddy Fauna......................................... 281 Upper Irrawaddy -
Surface Geology Wind/Bighorn River Basin Wyoming and Montana
WYOMING STATE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Plate I Thomas A. Drean, State Geologist Wind/Bighorn Basin Plan II - Available Groundwater Determination Technical Memorandum Surface Geology - Wind/Bighorn River Basin SWEET GRASS R25E R5E R15E R30E R10E R20E MONTANA Mm PM Jsg T7S KJ !c Pp Jsg KJ water Qt Surface Geology Ti ! Red Lodge PM DO PM PM Ts Ts p^r PM N ^r DO KJ DO !c Wind/Bighorn River Basin Tts Mm water Mm Ti Ti ^r DO Kmt Ti LOCATION MAP p^r ^r ^r Qt WYOMING Wyoming and Montana Kf Qt Ti p^r !c p^r PM 0 100 250 Miles Tts ^r PM DO Ti Jsg MD Ts Ti MzPz Kmv !Pg Qt compiled DO DO Tts Ts Taw DO DO DO water Qt Kc PM ^r Twl Qt Ob O^ by ^r Mm DO !c MD MONTANA Thr Ti Kc Qr Klc p^r Kmv Kc : # Ts ^r : O^ Nikolaus Gribb, Brett Worman, # Ts # water : PM Taw # Kf : PM !cd : Ket Qb Taw Qu Twp Thr # Ki Twl 345 P$Ma : Thr O^ Qa KJg Tfu : Jsg ^r Qu : :: # Kl (! KJk : Qr Qls Tomas Gracias, and Scott Quillinan Qb : Thr Ts Taw # Tfu 37 PM Kft: : # :: T10S Qls # Thr : # ^r Kc (! Kft Kmt # :::::: p^r :: : Qu KJk Kc MD Taw DO Qu # p^r Qg :: Km KJ WYOMING Taw Ti : Kl 2012 Thr : Qb # # # Qg : water DO Qls ::: !c !Pg !cd MDO water water Kc Qa :::::: :: Kmt ::: : Twl 90 : Ti Ts Qu Qa Qg Kmv !Pcg Mm KJk : Qg : 212 : Qu Qg £¤ Kmv KJ ¨¦§ Tts Taw p^r ^r # Kl : Kf Kf 338 Ob !cd Qu Qu Ttp # (! : : : p^r ::: !Pg O^ MD P$Ma Thr : Qa # DO Km Qls 343 ^r Qls Taw : Qb Qg Qls Qa Km Jsg water (! : Qb # !cd ^r Kc BighornLake : MD # Taw Qa Qls Qt MD A′ MD MD Qg Twl !Pg Qu Qb Tii # Twp ^r water MzPz Qg Tfu Kl ::: Taw Taw Twp Qls : Qt Kmv Qa Ob P$Ma : Thr Qa # Tcr ^r water Qa Kft # Qt O^ -
Mammal Faunal Change in the Zone of the Paleogene Hyperthermals ETM2 and H2
Clim. Past, 11, 1223–1237, 2015 www.clim-past.net/11/1223/2015/ doi:10.5194/cp-11-1223-2015 © Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Mammal faunal change in the zone of the Paleogene hyperthermals ETM2 and H2 A. E. Chew Department of Anatomy, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E Second St., Pomona, CA 91767, USA Correspondence to: A. E. Chew ([email protected]) Received: 13 March 2015 – Published in Clim. Past Discuss.: 16 April 2015 Revised: 4 August 2015 – Accepted: 19 August 2015 – Published: 24 September 2015 Abstract. “Hyperthermals” are past intervals of geologically vulnerability in response to changes already underway in the rapid global warming that provide the opportunity to study lead-up to the EECO. Faunal response at faunal events B-1 the effects of climate change on existing faunas over thou- and B-2 is also distinctive in that it shows high proportions sands of years. A series of hyperthermals is known from of beta richness, suggestive of increased geographic disper- the early Eocene ( ∼ 56–54 million years ago), including sal related to transient increases in habitat (floral) complexity the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and two and/or precipitation or seasonality of precipitation. subsequent hyperthermals (Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 – ETM2 – and H2). The later hyperthermals occurred during warming that resulted in the Early Eocene Climatic Opti- mum (EECO), the hottest sustained period of the Cenozoic. 1 Introduction The PETM has been comprehensively studied in marine and terrestrial settings, but the terrestrial biotic effects of ETM2 The late Paleocene and early Eocene (ca. -
Mammal and Plant Localities of the Fort Union, Willwood, and Iktman Formations, Southern Bighorn Basin* Wyoming
Distribution and Stratigraphip Correlation of Upper:UB_ • Ju Paleocene and Lower Eocene Fossil Mammal and Plant Localities of the Fort Union, Willwood, and Iktman Formations, Southern Bighorn Basin* Wyoming U,S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESS IONAL PAPER 1540 Cover. A member of the American Museum of Natural History 1896 expedition enter ing the badlands of the Willwood Formation on Dorsey Creek, Wyoming, near what is now U.S. Geological Survey fossil vertebrate locality D1691 (Wardel Reservoir quadran gle). View to the southwest. Photograph by Walter Granger, courtesy of the Department of Library Services, American Museum of Natural History, New York, negative no. 35957. DISTRIBUTION AND STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION OF UPPER PALEOCENE AND LOWER EOCENE FOSSIL MAMMAL AND PLANT LOCALITIES OF THE FORT UNION, WILLWOOD, AND TATMAN FORMATIONS, SOUTHERN BIGHORN BASIN, WYOMING Upper part of the Will wood Formation on East Ridge, Middle Fork of Fifteenmile Creek, southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming. The Kirwin intrusive complex of the Absaroka Range is in the background. View to the west. Distribution and Stratigraphic Correlation of Upper Paleocene and Lower Eocene Fossil Mammal and Plant Localities of the Fort Union, Willwood, and Tatman Formations, Southern Bighorn Basin, Wyoming By Thomas M. Down, Kenneth D. Rose, Elwyn L. Simons, and Scott L. Wing U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1540 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1994 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Robert M. Hirsch, Acting Director For sale by U.S. Geological Survey, Map Distribution Box 25286, MS 306, Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. -
Vertebrate Biostratigraphy of the Eocene Galisteo Formation, North-Central New Mexico Spencer G
New Mexico Geological Society Downloaded from: http://nmgs.nmt.edu/publications/guidebooks/30 Vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Eocene Galisteo Formation, north-central New Mexico Spencer G. Lucas and Barry S. Kues, 1979, pp. 225-229 in: Santa Fe Country, Ingersoll, R. V. ; Woodward, L. A.; James, H. L.; [eds.], New Mexico Geological Society 30th Annual Fall Field Conference Guidebook, 310 p. This is one of many related papers that were included in the 1979 NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebook. Annual NMGS Fall Field Conference Guidebooks Every fall since 1950, the New Mexico Geological Society (NMGS) has held an annual Fall Field Conference that explores some region of New Mexico (or surrounding states). Always well attended, these conferences provide a guidebook to participants. Besides detailed road logs, the guidebooks contain many well written, edited, and peer-reviewed geoscience papers. These books have set the national standard for geologic guidebooks and are an essential geologic reference for anyone working in or around New Mexico. Free Downloads NMGS has decided to make peer-reviewed papers from our Fall Field Conference guidebooks available for free download. Non-members will have access to guidebook papers two years after publication. Members have access to all papers. This is in keeping with our mission of promoting interest, research, and cooperation regarding geology in New Mexico. However, guidebook sales represent a significant proportion of our operating budget. Therefore, only research papers are available for download. Road logs, mini-papers, maps, stratigraphic charts, and other selected content are available only in the printed guidebooks. Copyright Information Publications of the New Mexico Geological Society, printed and electronic, are protected by the copyright laws of the United States. -
Eocene Green River Formation, Western United States
Synoptic reconstruction of a major ancient lake system: Eocene Green River Formation, western United States M. Elliot Smith* Alan R. Carroll Brad S. Singer Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin, 1215 West Dayton Street, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA ABSTRACT Members. Sediment accumulation patterns than being confi ned to a single episode of arid thus refl ect basin-center–focused accumula- climate. Evaporative terminal sinks were Numerous 40Ar/39Ar experiments on sani- tion rates when the basin was underfi lled, initially located in the Greater Green River dine and biotite from 22 ash beds and 3 and supply-limited accumulation when the and Piceance Creek Basins (51.3–48.9 Ma), volcaniclastic sand beds from the Greater basin was balanced fi lled to overfi lled. Sedi- then gradually migrated southward to the Green River, Piceance Creek, and Uinta ment accumulation in the Uinta Basin, at Uinta Basin (47.1–45.2 Ma). This history is Basins of Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah Indian Canyon, Utah, was relatively con- likely related to progressive southward con- constrain ~8 m.y. of the Eocene Epoch. Mul- stant at ~150 mm/k.y. during deposition of struction of the Absaroka Volcanic Prov- tiple analyses were conducted per sample over 5 m.y. of both evaporative and fl uctuat- ince, which constituted a major topographic using laser fusion and incremental heating ing profundal facies, which likely refl ects the and thermal anomaly that contributed to a techniques to differentiate inheritance, 40Ar basin-margin position of the measured sec- regional north to south hydrologic gradient. loss, and 39Ar recoil. -
Attachment J Assessment of Existing Paleontologic Data Along with Field Survey Results for the Jonah Field
Attachment J Assessment of Existing Paleontologic Data Along with Field Survey Results for the Jonah Field June 12, 2007 ABSTRACT This is compilation of a technical analysis of existing paleontological data and a limited, selective paleontological field survey of the geologic bedrock formations that will be impacted on Federal lands by construction associated with energy development in the Jonah Field, Sublette County, Wyoming. The field survey was done on approximately 20% of the field, primarily where good bedrock was exposed or where there were existing, debris piles from recent construction. Some potentially rich areas were inaccessible due to biological restrictions. Heavily vegetated areas were not examined. All locality data are compiled in the separate confidential appendix D. Uinta Paleontological Associates Inc. was contracted to do this work through EnCana Oil & Gas Inc. In addition BP and Ultra Resources are partners in this project as they also have holdings in the Jonah Field. For this project, we reviewed a variety of geologic maps for the area (approximately 47 sections); none of maps have a scale better than 1:100,000. The Wyoming 1:500,000 geology map (Love and Christiansen, 1985) reveals two Eocene geologic formations with four members mapped within or near the Jonah Field (Wasatch – Alkali Creek and Main Body; Green River – Laney and Wilkins Peak members). In addition, Winterfeld’s 1997 paleontology report for the proposed Jonah Field II Project was reviewed carefully. After considerable review of the literature and museum data, it became obvious that the portion of the mapped Alkali Creek Member in the Jonah Field is probably misinterpreted. -
Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the Middle Eocene of Myanmar Un Nouveau Tapiromorphe Basal (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) De L’Eocène Moyen Du Myanmar
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by RERO DOC Digital Library Geobios 39 (2006) 513–519 http://france.elsevier.com/direct/GEOBIO/ Original article A new basal tapiromorph (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) from the middle Eocene of Myanmar Un nouveau tapiromorphe basal (Perissodactyla, Mammalia) de l’Eocène moyen du Myanmar Grégoire Métais a, Aung Naing Soe b, Stéphane Ducrocq c,* a Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Section of Vertebrate Paleontology, 4400 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA b Department of Geology, Yangon University, Yangon 11422, Myanmar c Laboratoire de Géobiologie, Biochronologie et Paléontologie Humaine, UMR 6046 CNRS, Faculté des Sciences de Poitiers, 40, avenue du recteur-Pineau, 86022 Poitiers cedex, France Received 29 September 2004; accepted 10 May 2005 Available online 20 March 2006 Abstract A new genus and species of tapiromorph, Skopaiolophus burmese nov. gen., nov. sp., is described from the middle Eocene Pondaung For- mation in central Myanmar. This small form displays a striking selenolophodont morphology associated with a mixture of primitive “condylar- thran” dental characters and derived tapiromorph features. Skopaiolophus is here tentatively referred to a group of Asian tapiromorphs unknown so far. The occurrence of such a form in Pondaung suggests that primitive tapiromorphs might have persisted in southeast Asia until the late middle Eocene while they became extinct elsewhere in both Eurasia and North America. © 2006 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. Résumé Un nouveau genre et une nouvelle espèce de tapiromorphe, Skopaiolophus burmese nov. gen. nov. sp., sont décrits dans la Formation de Pondaung d’âge fini-éocène moyen, au Myanmar. -
Sexual Dimorphism in Perissodactyl Rhinocerotid Chilotherium Wimani from the Late Miocene of the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China)
Sexual dimorphism in perissodactyl rhinocerotid Chilotherium wimani from the late Miocene of the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China) SHAOKUN CHEN, TAO DENG, SUKUAN HOU, QINQIN SHI, and LIBO PANG Chen, S., Deng, T., Hou, S., Shi, Q., and Pang, L. 2010. Sexual dimorphism in perissodactyl rhinocerotid Chilotherium wimani from the late Miocene of the Linxia Basin (Gansu, China). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 55 (4): 587–597. Sexual dimorphism is reviewed and described in adult skulls of Chilotherium wimani from the Linxia Basin. Via the anal− ysis and comparison, several very significant sexually dimorphic features are recognized. Tusks (i2), symphysis and oc− cipital surface are larger in males. Sexual dimorphism in the mandible is significant. The anterior mandibular morphology is more sexually dimorphic than the posterior part. The most clearly dimorphic character is i2 length, and this is consistent with intrasexual competition where males invest large amounts of energy jousting with each other. The molar length, the height and the area of the occipital surface are correlated with body mass, and body mass sexual dimorphism is compared. Society behavior and paleoecology of C. wimani are different from most extinct or extant rhinos. M/F ratio indicates that the mortality of young males is higher than females. According to the suite of dimorphic features of the skull of C. wimani, the tentative sex discriminant functions are set up in order to identify the gender of the skulls. Key words: Mammalia, Perissodactyla, Chilotherium wimani, sexual dimorphism, statistics, late Miocene, China. Shaokun Chen [[email protected]], Chongqing Three Gorges Institute of Paleoanthropology, China Three Gorges Museum, 236 Ren−Min Road, Chongqing 400015, China and Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 142 Xi−Zhi−Men−Wai Street, P.O.