DOCSLIB.ORG

Invasive Species Prohibited Plant List

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Invasive Species Prohibited Plant List Invasive Species Prohibited Plant List The introduction of non-native, invasive plant species on City lands has had increasing environmental and financial impacts. Every year the City of Eugene has continued to prioritize the restoration and renovation of sensitive habitat areas such as the West Eugene Wetlands, Hendricks Park Forest, Whilamut Natural Area of Alton Baker Park, Ridgeline Trail, and Spencer and Skinner buttes. Still invasive plants are frequently found out-competing our native species, threatening food, habitat and genetic diversity of plants and wildlife. In an effort to halt the intentional introduction of invasive species and to promote the re- introduction of native species, the City has a policy that prohibits the use of the most problematic and documented invasive species, discourages the planting of other species that are suspected to be problematic, and encourages the use of native plants on all City-owned lands and projects. The following plants have been determined highly invasive and may not be planted or utilized on City property or City projects. Scientific Name Common Notes Reference Name Acer platanoides Norway Invasive tree spreading into forested 3, 4 maple natural areas around town including Skinner's Butte. Ailanthus altissima tree-of- Invasive tree that is problematic in City 2, 3, 4 heaven parks, alleys, and undeveloped property. This species is capable of becoming established through cracks in concrete. Alliaria petiolata garlic One of the most invasive forest understory 1, 4 mustard plants in the east and midwest, starting to establish in the Seattle area. Documented as present in Portland and Eugene. Arum italicum Italian arum Invasive plant starting to establish. 4 Documented as present in Portland and Eugene. Betula European This species is spreading rapidly along 2, 4 pendula/pubescens birch waterways and is now established along the entirety of Amazon Creek from near its headwaters to Fern Ridge Reservoir. Brachypodium false-brome Highly invasive grass rapidly spreading 1, 2, 3, 4 sylvaticum through forests and along rivers in our City of Eugene – Invasive Species Prohibited List Page 1 of 7 area in numerous places including Alton Baker Park. It has the potential to permanently alter the forest understory, as it outcompetes most other species and no control is known. Buddleia butterfly bush Both butterfly bushes displace native 1, 4 alternifolia willows which are essential host plants for B. davidii native butterflies. B. varabilis Carex pendula drooping Invasive plant starting to establish. 4 sedge Documented as present in Portland and Eugene. Carex divulsa grassland Invasive plant starting to establish. sedge Common in the nursery trade, being sold as Carex tumulicola, documented as present in Portland and Eugene. Centaurea meadow Tall perennial found along roadsides, fields 1, 4 pratensis knapweed and pastures. This is the only knapweed common in our area. There is a large population in West Eugene along Fir Butte Road and on surrounding properties. Cirsium arvense Canada This thistle propagates rhizomonously 1, 4 thistle from deep and extensive horizontal roots making it challenging to control. It can be found along roadsides and in disturbed natural areas throughout the region. Cirsium vulgare bull thistle This biennial thistle has a short, fleshy 1, 4 taproot. This spiny thistle can be found throughout the area in disturbed areas, along roadsides, and pastures. Clematis vitalba traveler's-joy Invasive climber comparable to English ivy 1, 2, 3, 4 as a problem in areas of Portland and Seattle. Currently appearing in several areas along the Willamette with large populations established on Skinner Butte. Conium maculatum poison Widespread invader along the Willamette 1, 4 hemlock River corridor. This plant is toxic and can cause skin irritation when touched. Convolvulus field Common in gardens; seen in some natural 4 arvensis bindweed areas such as Willow Creek Natural Area Crataegus English This species is well established and 2, 4 monogyna hawthorn spreading rapidly into woodlands and prairies throughout town. It interbreeds with the native hawthorn creating hybrids that are difficult to accurately identify. City of Eugene – Invasive Species Prohibited List Page 2 of 7 Cynoglossum common This common garden species has escaped 2, 3 officinale houndstongue and appears regularly in several City parks, along waterways and in unimproved alleys. Cyperus esculentus yellow Invasive plant starting to establish. 1 nutsedge Documented as present in Portland and Eugene. Cytisus scoparius Scotch broom Dense populations of Scotch broom have 1, 2, 3, 4 C. striatus Portuguese established along the Willamette, in the broom south hills, throughout the West Eugene Genista French broom Wetlands, along roadways and railways monspessulana and in several city parks. Other broom Spartium junceum Spanish species have also been found in Eugene. broom Avoid use of all brooms. Daphne laureola spurge laurel Spread by birds into forested areas 2, 4 throughout town. Dipsacus fullonum common Invasive plant starting to establish. 4 teasel Documented as present in Portland and Eugene. Digitalis purpurea foxglove This common and attractive garden wild 2 flower escapes easily and forms dense populations. It is becoming well established in some areas along the Willamette River. Fallopia spp. knotweeds These species (F. japonica, F. bohemica, 1, 2, 4 (formerly F. sachalinensis) form riparian Polygonum spp.) monocultures and are very hard to eradicate. There are several small populations in Eugene, but much larger ones in other locations around the county and state. Foeniculum Fennel South side Skinner Butte and North side of 3, 4 vulgare Willamette River. Extensive on south coast and northern California Geranium lucidum shining Beginning to dominate forest understories 1, 4 crane's-bill in south Eugene. Geranium herb robert Dominates forest understories in several 1, 2, 3, 4 robertianum areas in Eugene including Hendrick's park. This species is spreading rapidly throughout town. Hedera helix English ivy Both species spread vegetatively in 1, 2, 4 H. hibernica Atlantic ivy forested and open areas. Seeds spread mostly by exotic birds including starlings. Ivy is an extensive and widespread problem throughout Eugene, especially in City of Eugene – Invasive Species Prohibited List Page 3 of 7 forested areas and along the Willamette River. Hypericum St. John's This species invades meadows, trailsides, 1, 2, 3 perforatum wort roadsides, and other areas throughout town. Ilex aquifolium English holly Spread by birds and appears regularly in 2, 4 forest understories throughout town. Impatiens policeman’s This species is not known in Eugene yet, 1, 3, 4 glandulifera helmet but could invade riparian and wetland habitats, if introduced. Iris pseudoacorus yellow flag Forms monocultures in wetlands. This 1, 3, 4 iris species has established in Bertelsen Slough, Amazon Creek, Flat Creek, Spring Creek and along the Willamette River. Juncus effusus var common rush Invasive plant starting to establish. effusus Common in the nursery trade, being sold as Juncus Effusus var pacificus, documented as present in Portland and Eugene Lamiastrum Yellow This European native mint thrives in forest 1, 4 galeobdolon archangel understory habitat and seems to spread mostly via yard debris dumping Lathyrus latifolius sweet, Well-established, primarily along 1 perennial or roadsides and hedgerows, large everlasting population on Chamber’s connector. Listed pea in “Weeds of the West” Leucanthemum oxeye daisy This species is common in commercial 2, 4 vulgare "wildflower mixes". It has become widely established in meadows in West Eugene, Amazon Park, and along roadsides and mowed waterways. Formerly Chrysanthemum leucanthemum. Linaria vulgaris yellow Roadside weed expanding into prairies. 1, 2, toadflax Lotus corniculatus birdsfoot Sold in pasture mixes. This species has 2, 4 trefoil invaded wetland areas throughout town including most drainage channels. Ludwigia water Aggressive aquatic weed that forms a 3, 4 hexapetala primrose dense floating mass in ponds, lakes, and L. peploides slow moving water bodies. All fragments L. grandiflora of the plant can resprout. Found locally in Golden Gardens ponds, Delta Ponds, and Spring Creek. City of Eugene – Invasive Species Prohibited List Page 4 of 7 Lysimachia creeping Invasive plant starting to establish. 4 nummularia jenny Documented as present in Portland and Eugene. Lythrum salicaria purple This species forms monocultures in 1, 2, 4 loosestrife wetlands and is a species of national concern. Although not yet widespread, populations have been found in Amazon Creek, Delta Ponds, and along the Willamette River. Nymphoides yellow Aggressive aquatic weed that forms a 1, 3 peltata floating heart dense floating mass in ponds, lakes, and slow moving water bodies. This species is very difficult to control once established and is found north of Eugene near the River Ridge Golf Course. Mentha pulegium pennyroyal Widespread in West Eugene Wetlands and 3, 4 other areas with emergent wetlands. Myriophyllum spp. Eurasian Includes water-milfoils. Myriophyllum 1, 2 watermilfoil, aquaticum (M. brasiliense; parrot's parrot’s feather) and M. spicatum (Eurasian feather milfoil) are common aquatic species in waterways and ponds throughout Eugene. Phalaris aquatica Harding grass This wetland species is found in slightly 2 drier conditions than P. arundinacea. While populations are not yet as widespread as P. arundinacea, populations
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Relatives of Temperate Fruits) of the Book Series, "Wild Crop Relatives: Genetic, Genomic and Breeding Resources Ed C
    Volume 6 (Relatives of Temperate Fruits) of the book series, "Wild Crop Relatives: Genetic, Genomic and Breeding Resources ed C. Kole 2011 p179-197 9 Rubus J. Graham* and M. Woodhead Scottish Crop Research Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The Rosaceae family consists of around 3, 000 species of which 500 belong to the genus Rubus. Ploidy levels range from diploid to dodecaploid with a genomic number of 7, and members can be difficult to classify into distinct species due to hybridization and apomixes. Species are distributed widely across Asia, Europe, North and South America with the center of diversity now considered to be in China, where there are 250-700 species of Rubus depending on the taxonomists. Rubus species are an important horticultural source of income and labor being produced for the fresh and processing markets for their health benefits. Blackberries and raspberries have a relatively short history of less than a century as cultivated crops that have been enhanced through plant breeding and they are only a few generations removed from their wild progenitor species. Rubus sp. are typically found as early colonizers of disturbed sites such as pastures, along forest edges, in forest clearings and along roadsides. Blackberries are typically much more tolerant of drought, flooding and high temperatures, while red raspberries are more tolerant of cold winters. Additionally, they exhibit vigorous vegetative reproduction by either tip layering or root suckering, permitting Rubus genotypes to cover large areas. The attractiveness of the fruits to frugivores, especially birds, means that seed dispersal can be widespread with the result that Rubus genotypes can very easily be spread to new sites and are very effective, high-speed invaders.
    [Show full text]
  • F a C T S H E E T Blackberries
    JEFFERSON COUNTY NOXIOUS WEED CONTROL BOARD F A C T S H E E T BLACKBERRIES Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus) and evergreen blackberry (Rubus laciniatus) Himalayan blackberry stems (canes) can grow to 9 feet in height but often trail along the ground, growing 20-40 feet long. Thorns grow along the stems as well as on the leaves and leaf stalks. Himalayan blackberries have five distinct leaflets; each leaflet has a toothed margin and is generally oval in shape. Canes start producing berries in their second year. Himalayan blackberry can be evergreen, depending on the site. Rose family. Himalayan blackberry Himalayan blackberry Evergreen blackberry The leaflets of evergreen blackberry are deeply lobed, making it easy to distinguish from WHY BE CONCERNED? Himalayan blackberry. Both Himalayan and evergreen DISTRIBUTION: blackberries form impenetrable Himalayan blackberry is extremely visible in thickets, consisting of both dead and most of Jefferson County, growing along live canes. These thickets out-compete roadsides, over fences and other vegetation, and native vegetation and are a good invading many open areas. Evergreen source of food and shelter for rats. blackberry is more common in the West end of the county, where it has been seen to invade Both Himalayan and evergreen riparian areas. blackberries are Class C Weeds 380 Jefferson Street, Port Townsend WA 98368 (360) 379-5610 Ext. 205 [email protected] http://www.co.jefferson.wa.us/WeedBoard ECOLOGY: . Seeds can be spread by birds, humans and other mammals. The canes often cascade outwards, forming mounds, and can root at the tip when they hit the ground, expanding the infestation .
    [Show full text]
  • 2013 BGSS Abstract Book UPDATED
    th 26 Annual Biology Graduate Student Symposium Program and Abstracts Oregon State University Mark O. Hatfield Marine Science Center Newport, Oregon March 2nd, 2013 Table of Contents Page Message from 2013 Organizing Committee 1 Acknowledgements 2 General Information 2 Schedule of Talks 3 Keynote Speaker 4 Oral Presentation Abstracts 4 Poster Presentation Abstracts 10 Map of the Hatfield Marine Science Center (HMSC) 13 Directions to the Rental House from HMSC 14 Message from the 2013 Organizing Committee th Welcome to the 26 Annual Biology Graduate Student Symposium! This conference, organized by and for graduate students, brings together students from all the life science departments at Oregon State University. It is a forum to share research with our peers and to facilitate a better appreciation of the breadth of biological investigation that occurs at our university. This gathering is an opportunity to broaden our outlook on the study of biology; to discuss graduate life and current events; and encourage interactions between future researchers in the various life sciences. We hope you have a productive conference and that you will bring away a positive experience to share with other students. 2013 Organizing Committee Casey Benkwitt Elizabeth Cerny-Chipman Cammie Crowder Emily Hartfield Tye Kindinger Sheila Kitchen Dani Long Trang Nguyen Jessie Reimer Chenchen Shen Hannah Tavalire 1 Acknowledgements We gratefully acknowledge the support of the following sponsors: OSU Departments: Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Department of Zoology College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences College of Education College of Science Graduate School Venue: Hatfield Marine Science Center of Oregon State University Refreshments and Food: First Alternative Co-Op Fred Meyer Rogue Brewery Safeway General Information Presentations: The symposium will take place in the Auditorium at the Hatfield Marine Science Center (HMSC) (map – p.
    [Show full text]
  • The Invasiveness of Crataegus Monogyna and Prunus Mahaleb, at Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
    THE INVASIVENESS OF CRATAEGUS MONOGYNA AND PRUNUS MAHALEB, AT ARMIDALE, NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRALIA By DAVID ANDREW BASS A Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of New England, Armidale. Department of Geography and Planning University of New England, Armidale New South Wales, Australia 30 March 1994 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE CONTENTS ii LIST OF TABLES vii LIST OF FIGURES xii LIST OF PLATES xv CERTIFICATE xvi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xvii ABSTRACT xx CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Biological invasions: introduction and literature 1 review. 1.1.1 Terminology of biological invasions 4 1.1.2 Characteristics of biological invasions with 9 reference to Australia 1.1.3 Ornamental plant invasions in Australia 18 1.1.4 Impacts of invasive plants 21 1.1.5 Focus of biological invasion research 23 1.1.6 Attributes of biological invaders 25 1.1.7 Attributes of invaded environments 27 1.1.8 Safe sites and biological invasions 29 1.2 The project 31 1.3 Study region 33 1.4 Study sites 35 1.4.1 Armidale State Forest (ASF) 35 1.4.2 Saleyards site 37 1.4.3 University of New England site (UNE) 38 ii CHAPTER 2: TAXONOMY, MORPHOLOGY, PHENOLOGY 40 AND REPRODUCTIVE ECOLOGY OF CRATAEGUS MONOGYNA AND PR UNUS MAHALEB 2.1 Crataegus monogyna 40 2.1.1 Uses of Crataegus monogyna 41 2.1.2 Taxonomy 42 2.1.3 Morphology 45 2.1.4 Phenology 46 2.1.5 Reproductive ecology 48 2.1.6 Distribution 48 2.2 Prunus mahaleb 51 2.2.1 Taxonomy 51 2.2.2 Morphology 52 2.2.3 Phenology 53 2.2.4 Reproductive ecology 54 2.2.5 Distribution 54 CHAPTER 3: HISTORY OF INTRODUCTION AND RATES 56 OF SPREAD OF CRATAEGUS MONOGYNA AND PRUNUS MAHALEB IN AUSTRALIA 3.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Constituents and Ovicidal Effects of Mahlab, Prunus Mahaleb L. Kernels Oil on Cotton Leafworm, Spodoptera Littoralis (Boisd.) Eggs
    JOURNAL OF PLANT PROTECTION RESEARCH Vol. 56, No. 3 (2016) Chemical constituents and ovicidal effects of mahlab, Prunus mahaleb L. kernels oil on cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) eggs Hala M. Mead*, Samah N. El-Shafiey, Hend M. Sabry Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, 44516 Giza, Egypt Received: April 1, 2016 Accepted: August 19, 2016 Abstract: The carried out investigations evaluated ovicidal activity of mahlab, Prunus mahaleb L. kernel oil against cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). The chemical constituents of the fixed oil of mahlab were analyzed using gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). Timnodonic (33.07%), oleic (28.71%) and linoleic (24.35%) were the basic fatty acids, while the major hydrocarbon and sterol were found to be heneicosane (62.57%) and β-sitosterol (10.57%). The LC50 values for the one-day-old egg masses were found to be more susceptible than 3-day-old ones. Moreover, the leaf dip technique occurred to be more efficient than spraying technique. The results also showed abnormalities in the external morphology of egg shell, chorion surface, shell imprints and aeropyles of S. littora- lis eggs treated with mahlab and KZ oils as compared to a control by using scanning electron microscope. Generally, the tested oils significantly reduced the activities of transaminase enzymes (AST and ALT), acid and alkaline phosphatases and total soluble protein except mahlab oil on acid phosphatase as compared to a control. Additionally, the oils of both mahlab and KZ oil affected some bio- logical aspects such as incubation period, larval duration, larval mortality and pupal weight comparing to a control.
    [Show full text]
  • Flowering and Fruiting of "Burlat" Sweet Cherry on Size-Controlling Rootstock
    HORTSCIENCE 29(6):611–612. 1994. chart uses eight color chips to assess fruit color: 1 = light red to 8 = very dark, mahogany red. At the end of the growing season, all Flowering and Fruiting of ‘Burlat’ current-season’s shoot growth, >2.5 cm, was measured on each branch unit. Sweet Cherry on Size-controlling We analyzed the data as a factorial, ar- ranged in a completely randomized design, Rootstock with rootstock and age of branch portions as main effects. The least significant difference Frank Kappel was used for mean separation of main effects. Agriculture Canada, Research Station, Summerland, B.C. VOH IZO, Canada Results Jean Lichou The sample branches had similar BCSA, Ctifl, Centre de Balandran, BP 32, 30127 Bellegarde, France with the mean ranging from 3 to 3.7 cm2 for the Additional index words. Prunus avium, Prunus cerasus, Prunus mahaleb, fruit size, fruit branch units of the trees on the three root- stock. The mean for the branch units’ total numbers, dwarfing, Edabriz, Maxma 14, F12/1 shoot length ranged from 339 to 392 cm. Abstract. The effect of rootstock on the flowering and fruiting response of sweet cherries ‘Burlat’ branches on Edabriz had more (Prunus avium L.) was investigated using 4-year-old branch units. The cherry rootstock flowers than ‘Burlat’ branches on F1 2/1 or Edabriz (Prunus cerasus L.) affected the flowering and fruiting response of ‘Burlat’ sweet Maxma 14 when expressed as either total cherry compared to Maxma 14 and F12/1. Branches of trees on Edabriz had more flowers, number of flowers or number standardized by more flowers per spur, more spurs, more fruit, higher yields, smaller fruit, and a reduced shoot length (Table 1).
    [Show full text]
  • Botanical Name Common Name
    Approved Approved & as a eligible to Not eligible to Approved as Frontage fulfill other fulfill other Type of plant a Street Tree Tree standards standards Heritage Tree Tree Heritage Species Botanical Name Common name Native Abelia x grandiflora Glossy Abelia Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes White Forsytha; Korean Abeliophyllum distichum Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes Abelialeaf Acanthropanax Fiveleaf Aralia Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes sieboldianus Acer ginnala Amur Maple Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes Aesculus parviflora Bottlebrush Buckeye Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes Aesculus pavia Red Buckeye Shrub, Deciduous No No Yes Yes Alnus incana ssp. rugosa Speckled Alder Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Alnus serrulata Hazel Alder Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Amelanchier humilis Low Serviceberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Amelanchier stolonifera Running Serviceberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes False Indigo Bush; Amorpha fruticosa Desert False Indigo; Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No No Not eligible Bastard Indigo Aronia arbutifolia Red Chokeberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Aronia melanocarpa Black Chokeberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Aronia prunifolia Purple Chokeberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Groundsel-Bush; Eastern Baccharis halimifolia Shrub, Deciduous No No Yes Yes Baccharis Summer Cypress; Bassia scoparia Shrub, Deciduous No No No Yes Burning-Bush Berberis canadensis American Barberry Shrub, Deciduous Yes No No Yes Common Barberry; Berberis vulgaris Shrub, Deciduous No No No No Not eligible European Barberry Betula pumila
    [Show full text]
  • Landscape Plants Rated by Deer Resistance
    E271 Bulletin For a comprehensive list of our publications visit www.rce.rutgers.edu Landscape Plants Rated by Deer Resistance Pedro Perdomo, Morris County Agricultural Agent Peter Nitzsche, Morris County Agricultural Agent David Drake, Ph.D., Extension Specialist in Wildlife Management The following is a list of landscape plants rated according to their resistance to deer damage. The list was compiled with input from nursery and landscape professionals, Cooperative Extension personnel, and Master Gardeners in Northern N.J. Realizing that no plant is deer proof, plants in the Rarely Damaged, and Seldom Rarely Damaged categories would be best for landscapes prone to deer damage. Plants Occasionally Severely Damaged and Frequently Severely Damaged are often preferred by deer and should only be planted with additional protection such as the use of fencing, repellents, etc. Success of any of these plants in the landscape will depend on local deer populations and weather conditions. Latin Name Common Name Latin Name Common Name ANNUALS Petroselinum crispum Parsley Salvia Salvia Rarely Damaged Tagetes patula French Marigold Ageratum houstonianum Ageratum Tropaeolum majus Nasturtium Antirrhinum majus Snapdragon Verbena x hybrida Verbena Brugmansia sp. (Datura) Angel’s Trumpet Zinnia sp. Zinnia Calendula sp. Pot Marigold Catharanthus rosea Annual Vinca Occasionally Severely Damaged Centaurea cineraria Dusty Miller Begonia semperflorens Wax Begonia Cleome sp. Spider Flower Coleus sp. Coleus Consolida ambigua Larkspur Cosmos sp. Cosmos Euphorbia marginata Snow-on-the-Mountain Dahlia sp. Dahlia Helichrysum Strawflower Gerbera jamesonii Gerbera Daisy Heliotropium arborescens Heliotrope Helianthus sp. Sunflower Lobularia maritima Sweet Alyssum Impatiens balsamina Balsam, Touch-Me-Not Matricaria sp. False Camomile Impatiens walleriana Impatiens Myosotis sylvatica Forget-Me-Not Ipomea sp.
    [Show full text]
  • Yosemite National Park U.S
    National Park Service Yosemite National Park U.S. Department of the Interior Invasive Plant Management Plan Update Environmental Assessment In 2008, Yosemite National Park created the Invasive Plant Management Plan (2008 IPMP) to provide a comprehensive, prioritized program of invasive plant prevention, early detection, control, systematic monitoring, and research. The 2009 Big Meadow Fire, and issues related to managing Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus) and other plants, highlighted the need for a more adaptive, programmatic plan that offers additional tools necessary to address the threat that invasive plants pose to park resources. Yosemite National Park is updating the 2008 IPMP to provide additional methods that can increase the effectiveness of the park’s invasive plant management efforts. Invasive The spread of invasive species is recognized as one of the major factors contributing to ecosystem change and instability throughout the world. An invasive species is “a non-native Species….. species whose introduction does, or is likely to cause, economic or environmental harm or What are they harm to human, animal, or plant health” (Executive Order 13112, 1999). These species have and why are the ability to displace or eradicate native species, alter fire regimes, damage infrastructure, and threaten human livelihoods. they a problem? Invasive species are changing the iconic landscapes of our national parks. In areas dominated by non-native plant species, native plant populations can be reduced to small, isolated populations, or even driven to local extinction. As native plants decline in numbers, so may the wildlife that depend on them for food. Invasive plants can harm the visitor’s experience by replacing the park’s spectacular and diverse displays of showy wildflowers with large, unattractive monocultures.
    [Show full text]
  • Blackberry (Rubus Armeniacus/Discolor/Procerus)
    Best Practices for Invasive Species Management in Garry Oak and Associated Ecosystems: Evergreen Blackberry (Rubus laciniatus) and Himalayan Blackberry (Rubus armeniacus/discolor/procerus) Assess the site characteristics and your available resources to help you decide where to take management action, what action to take, and when. These decisions should be made within the context of the overall restoration objectives (and restoration plan, if one exists). Before proceeding, be aware that it is very important to not confuse Evergreen blackberry (R. laciniatis) with the native Rubus ursinus. Evergreen blackberry is often found in association with Himalayan blackberry. If Evergreen blackberry is found alone and you are uncertain you have identified it correctly, leave it alone. Also leave it alone if it is in trailing form (rather than upright); you may damage understory vegetation by trying to remove it. a) Deciding where to take action Factor 1: Blackberry density Survey the areas in the GOE where blackberry occurs. Sketch-out and label these areas “zone 1”, “zone 2” or “zone 3” on your sketch map. Use the following descriptions: Zone 1 satellite patches (from a few canes, to a 5 foot by 5 foot patch) Zone 2 edges around larger patches Zone 3 larger patches (larger than 5’ by 5’) Where to focus your effort? Follow the Priority Principle: contain the invasive species first, then reduce its amount! The highest priority is to prevent further spread of blackberry. Only take action to reduce the “footprint” of the blackberry invasion after it is contained. Therefore Zones 1 and 2 should be your first priority, and you should only move into Zones 3 areas when blackberry has been successfully removed from Zones 1 and 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Hanging Sedge (Carex Pendula)
    Hanging Sedge (Carex pendula) Hanging sedge (Carex pendula), also called drooping or pendulous sedge, is a large, evergreen perennial sedge introduced to North America from Europe as an ornamental species. It is adapted to forested areas with damp, rich soil such as along creeks, wetlands and drainages. It grows in large clumps and spreads primarily by seed. It has a tendency to self-sow and spread outside of where it is planted. It can produce more than 20,000 seeds per plant and in ideal conditions, more than 90 percent of the seeds germinate. Seeds spread by water as well as other mechanisms of disturbance and by being planted. Local Distribution (excerpted from notes provided by Tom Erler) There are a number of infestations around the UW Seattle campus, where it was originally planted in a few landscaped areas. It is weedy in beds, medians, and cracks in sidewalks among central campus. Originally planted in 1988 near Fluke Hall, since then it has established a dense seedbank and has spread to the opposite side of the building where it is in the median on both sides of Mason Road and under big leaf maple trees. It is also dense near previous plantings around the Fisheries building on campus and is also growing along Portage Bay’s north shoreline behind UW Hospital. Staff at the UW Arboretum reported trying to control it on the Arboretum Creek and Tom has seen it growing around the wetlands in the vicinity of the Arboretum. Burke Herbarium collections from this infestation date back to Peter Zika’s observations in 1999, 2001, and Barbara Wilson in 2004.
    [Show full text]
  • We Hope You Find This Field Guide a Useful Tool in Identifying Native Shrubs in Southwestern Oregon
    We hope you find this field guide a useful tool in identifying native shrubs in southwestern Oregon. 2 This guide was conceived by the “Shrub Club:” Jan Walker, Jack Walker, Kathie Miller, Howard Wagner and Don Billings, Josephine County Small Woodlands Association, Max Bennett, OSU Extension Service, and Brad Carlson, Middle Rogue Watershed Council. Photos: Text: Jan Walker Max Bennett Max Bennett Jan Walker Financial support for this guide was contributed by: • Josephine County Small • Silver Springs Nursery Woodlands Association • Illinois Valley Soil & Water • Middle Rogue Watershed Council Conservation District • Althouse Nursery • OSU Extension Service • Plant Oregon • Forest Farm Nursery Acknowledgements Helpful technical reviews were provided by Chris Pearce and Molly Sullivan, The Nature Conservancy; Bev Moore, Middle Rogue Watershed Council; Kristi Mergenthaler and Rachel Showalter, Bureau of Land Management. The format of the guide was inspired by the OSU Extension Service publication Trees to Know in Oregon by E.C. Jensen and C.R. Ross. Illustrations of plant parts on pages 6-7 are from Trees to Know in Oregon (used by permission). All errors and omissions are the responsibility of the authors. Book formatted & designed by: Flying Toad Graphics, Grants Pass, Oregon, 2007 3 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................ 4 Plant parts ................................................................................... 6 How to use the dichotomous keys ...........................................
    [Show full text]