Summer 2018 Summer 2018 CONTENTS

Magazine of the

Message from the Editor 5 4 Desi Milpacher Glanmor House, Hayle Cornwall TR27 4HB UK Yellow-crested Cockatoo info@parrots.org +44 (0)1736 751026 5 A hopeful trend in a significant population www.parrots.org

Arranging Antecedents 10 A positive approach to solving behaviour problems ABOUT The WPT Capture for the live-bird trade, habitat Soaring the Skies Once Again loss and other factors put wild parrots at risk. One in three parrot species are 12 Encouraging results in the reintroduction of Scarlet currently threatened in the wild. Macaws to Los Tuxtlas Reserve, Mexico

As an international leader in parrot conservation and welfare, the World Parrot Trust works with researchers, Ecotourism in-country organisations, communities 18 Responsible travel supporting conservation and governments to encourage effective solutions that save parrots. PsittaNews Since 1989 the WPT has grown to become a global force that moves 22 Parrot News and Updates quickly to address urgent issues and WPT Contacts support long-term projects for parrots. 10 WPT has led projects in 42 countries for 67 species of parrot. Parrots in the Wild 24 Scarlet Macaws CHARITY INFORMATION United Kingdom: # 800944 12 United States: EIN 62-1561595 Canada: BN 89004 1171 RR0001

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ON THE COVER

Hyacinth Macaws (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) examine a tree cavity in the Pantanal, Brazil. The pair was seen during a Wild Parrots Up Close ecotour expedition. Photo © Corey Raffel

Community-based ecotourism companies have become a more Editor: Desi Milpacher Layout, Design & Production: Michelle Kooistra responsible way to travel, by providing income and incentive Fulfillment: Karen Whitley for local people to conserve their wildlife.

The World Parrot Trust does not necessarily endorse Read more about parrots and ecotourism on Page 18: any views or statements made by contributors to PsittaScene. It will consider articles or letters from Ecotourism: Responsible travel supporting conservation. any contributors on their merits. Visit parrots.org/ psittascene for Guidelines. Anyone wishing to reprint PsittaScene articles in full or in part needs permission from WPT and the author/photographer(s) and must state that it was copied from PsittaScene. All contents © World Parrot Trust

Printed by Complete Business Solutions, Helston Tel: 01326 563424 Summer 2018 PsittaScene.org 3 | Editorial Leave a Legacy Yellow-crested Cockatoo: A hopeful trend in a significant population

From... | AdobeStock © Pakhnyushchy The critically endangered Yellow-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea) is one the Editor’s desk of the world’s rarest parrots. Their global population, having been decimated by In this issue, we celebrate the successes that a heavy trapping in the 1970s number of in-country organisations have had with the restoration of parrots to their native and 1980s, is fewer than ranges. We’ve supported a lot of these projects 2000 individuals. watching, with great joy, the released birds begin to act like their normal selves again by International foraging, flying, socialising and breeding. trade records show that over 190,000 We also see that there are reasons to be Yellow-crested encouraged for some of the most endangered Cockatoos were wild parrots – Yellow-crested Cockatoos, in reported taken from this case – and find that there are populations Indonesia between that are reasonably stable, and with proper 1981 and 1992, with many protection they can remain so. We explore the more dying before reaching idea of responsible ecotourism as a sustainable intended markets. way of encouraging in-country conservation, as seen through the lens of a longtime WPT Today, they are extinct on friend. And we learn that our closest parrot many of the islands where companions can be guided into behaving in less destructive ways through a positive switch in they once occurred and are their living environment. uncommon on others. In addition to chronic trapping pressure, these With you, our steadfast supporters, the WPT cockatoos are affected by ongoing has been able to assist with these projects and habitat loss. Nearly three-quarters of the see the promising results in many of them. country’s original forest has been lost to Read on, and see the tremendous good your large-scale logging and agriculture. contributions have done. The news is not all gloomy: Although the species as a whole has suffered tremendous loss, there are signs of small increases on a number of islands. What will be your legacy? Desi Milpacher, WPT Publications Editor Let your dedication to parrots live on! Leaving a legacy gift to the parrots through your estate may be one of the most article and photos by: fulfilling contributions you will ever make. Oka Dwi Prihatmoko, DVM, WPT Indonesia Program Coordinator Mehd Halaouate, WPT Indonesia Program Manager Visit our website at parrots.org/legacy or contact an office near you (see page 23.)

4 PsittaScene.org Summer 2018 Summer 2018 PsittaScene.org 5 e have been conducting a tiny islet just north of Sumbawa in 145 in the province of West Nusa Wsurveys and doing fieldwork West Nusa Tenggara province. We Tenggara. Additionally, because for the Yellow-crested Cockatoo usually don’t get our hopes up until illegal poaching of Yellow-crested Yellow-crested Cockatoos observed during a search at Kokar Turu for many years now. Assessing the we assess the populations ourselves, Cockatoos is still believed to be remaining population of these birds but it was potentially good news as occurring, we planned educational has been a challenge, as some of we thought that trapping had all but outreach efforts in selected villages the subspecies still survive on wiped out the species on this island. likely to have some level of Once we finally arrived on Moyo, Counting cockatoos and uplisting to CITES Appendix I remote islands off the beaten trapping activity on Moyo and we began surveying the area with a learning about trapping in 2005. Unfortunately, illegal track, which are a bit tricky and The presence of other parrots like Sumbawa Islands. couple of experienced local guides dangerous to get to. Forsten’s Lorikeets (Trichoglossus trapping still occurs. In the field, who had counted the cockatoos We recorded a minimum of 95 forsteni) from Sumbawa in the we found evidence - a nest tree before with BKSDA. Yellow-crested Cockatoos, with the From field reports we knew that birdmarkets in Bali and Java with a telltale ladder pattern on “Getting to Sumbawa was largest group (76 birds) living on its trunk, and on a large branch a there should be more populations suggested that trapping was still challenging - Bali and Lombok We conducted surveys with two the western part of the island. An of this species somewhere that we commonplace. These lorikeets have leftover root and hook assembly airports were closed because teams, one working from a boat additional 19 birds were counted was hanging close to the tree’s hadn’t found yet. We also knew been offered for sale for as little as to identify birds in trees within on the southern and southeastern that the largest numbers, 695 birds, $19 USD. Cockatoos fetch a higher Mount Agung, on the island of cavity. The area around the base 100 metres of the shore, and a portions of the island. The of the tree was cleared of brush are of the parvula subspecies on price, between $120-$230 USD, so Bali, was violently erupting. second trekking team that would numbers between 2016 and Komodo and Rinca islands. This trappers will not miss a chance to and small trees, and the ground So I took my motorbike, using enter the forest looking for 2017 showed that the population was dotted with discarded paper group has benefitted a great deal catch a few and make more money. roosting and nesting sites. on Moyo is relatively stable, a from the government protection the ferry to get from Bali to commonly used for rice wraps, the vast improvement from a 1999 remains of a poacher’s lunch. that the Komodo Dragon (Varanus The plan for our 2017 trip was to Lombok and from there to The two teams stayed in contact survey conducted by BirdLife komodoensis) has been granted, as re-survey Moyo Island to compare Sumbawa. It took an entire with handheld radios. There are international that found just Later, we interviewed a honey well as from a national ban on with the count carried out by day and night to get there.” no paved roads on Moyo Island, 10 birds. hunter who lived on the island. trapping the cockatoos themselves. Indonesia’s Nature Conservation so the land-based team relied He told us that in addition to Agency (BKSDA). In 2016 they primarily on existing trails and The increase to just over 100 birds searching for the sticky-sweet prize In 2016 we received news that found 115 birds on Moyo Island ~ Oka dirt roads for access, and cleared now, 18 years later, is probably a he had also once taken cockatoo there were still a few Yellow-crested and 30 birds on Sumbawa Island, thick brush to get to suspected result of the protections granted chicks to give to relatives on the Cockatoos surviving on Moyo, for a minimum total population of nests and roosts. this species in 1993 and its Sumbawa mainland.

6 PsittaScene.org Summer 2018 Summer 2018 PsittaScene.org 7 He also said that other honey by budget shortfalls, the forestry schools of two villages, Limung and gatherers sometimes saw the department urgently needed backing Marente, on Sumbawa. In Marente cockatoos in nests deep in the for more programs to directly village, near Jerewah Nature forest. That led us to believe that protect the cockatoos. They had Sanctuary, there are still small they might become trappers as well. already succeeded in hiring a few flocks of cockatoos around, so the former poachers to begin protecting children could potentially see the Above photos: Oka engages young children in protecting and cherishing their special cockatoo And if they did trap cockatoos, instead of taking the birds. Now, birds they were learning about. where would the birds end up? As it they needed to start educating happens, there are no bird markets more of the people, especially More villages were initially on Moyo or Sumbawa Islands. the children. considered in the campaign, but in by us and BKSDA. We left number of villagers willing to act safe sanctuary for the cockatoos to Birds trapped there probably the end we avoided them because their teachers with field guides, as bird guides and watchers. One begin to rebuild their populations. make their way to markets in Bali, One obstacle we faced was that the locals were not open to receiving notebooks and binoculars to further session we had resulted in locals Supporting continuing education the Philippines, or Singapore. We many Sumbawanese believed that government-sponsored visitors - the encourage their interest in bird proudly spotting 16 cockatoos in and other activities such as birding visited markets in Bali and Lombok Yellow-crested Cockatoos were BKSDA had recently arrested some watching and conservation. At the trees surrounding Kokar Turu. tourism, surveys, and anti-trapping looking for cockatoos for sale and already extinct on Sumbawa and residents there for deer poaching. Marente on Sumbawa we spoke to Through active participation, the patrols can go a long way in helping found none. That might be expected surrounding areas because of the Samawa University students, high people of Moyo and Sumbawa are cockatoos, and people, too. given the steep fines that would be cataclysmic Mt. Tambora eruption Reaching young, school students, junior high school now learning that their beautiful incurred if a seller were caught. of 1815, which destroyed much of curious minds students, local villagers, and the bird - the Yellow-crested Cockatoo the flora and fauna of the island. scouting community. - is a conservation priority, and that This project was made possible by the It is likely that birds are captured Another assumption was that Sixty-two enthusiastic children they can take part in protecting, Mabel Dorn Reeder Conservation Included in the activities was a and sold “on order”, so there is no the cockatoos had been trapped from Limung primary school benefitting from, and treasuring it. Endowment Fund at Atlanta Zoo and advertising or marketing involved. completely out of the forests. took part in the interactive talks tree planting session, which was support from the World Parrot Trust. Because of these findings we knew about the natural history and sponsored by a local Sumbawa Focusing on collaboration with local we had to step up the effort to help With this in mind, we began an conservation needs of the Yellow- biodiversity society (OASE). people and non-profit organisations protect the cockatoos here. Hobbled awareness campaign in the primary crested Cockatoo, jointly given On Moyo Island, we trained a could help Moyo Island become a

8 PsittaScene.org Summer 2018 Summer 2018 PsittaScene.org 9 Pet| Pages © Lisa Desatnik © Lisa Desatnik A rranging ntecedents We ask, “What happened immediately A positive approach to before the behaviour to set it in motion (the antecedent) and what occurred solving behaviour problems immediately after the behaviour (consequence) to reinforce or punish it.

There are many circumstances where focusing on the antecedent alone can solve behaviour issues. It most certainly did in my case. When I bought my house (and a new dining room set), I was determined to set us up for success so as to avoid a repeat of having my furniture destroyed.

What did I do? In my case with Chester, the antecedents were his proximity to the furniture, his open cage door, and his lack of appropriate chew choices on his cage. I did a number of things. I did not want to keep his door closed, so I focused on placement of his cage and by Lisa Desatnik, CPDT-KA, CPBC providing him with other enrichment opportunities.

I transformed one of my bedrooms into the bird room (I had two other birds, whom I still have, and also gave Far left and above: Chester, the author’s companion of many years, That is, except for the time when when they do things we do not like. them a lot of enrichment options.) takes a moment to consider a myriad of options for play. I heard from my apartment office We should realize, however, that To lessen his motivation for seeking out a loud CRUNCH coming from my they have needs just as we do. If furniture, every day I supplied him with For more than 18 years, dining room and quickly dropped we do not give them appropriate A LOT of options for chewing in and I shared my home with the phone to run out and find a choices for getting their needs met, around his cage. gaping hole in one of my dining then they will come up with their His behaviour of chewing on a voracious chewer room chairs…next to where Chester own ideas…ones we may not like. He had rolled up phone books, furniture (and destroying my cardboard boxes, chunks of wood, About the Author named Chester. He was was standing. house) was successfully eliminated Antecedent Arrangement vegetables on skewers, and more. without any need for using negative Lisa Desatnik, CPDT-KA, CPBC, an endearing soulmate Admittedly, I was furious. But when to the Rescue For the occasion that he would come reinforcement. And, his life was is a certified parrot behaviour I was honest with myself, I knew the off the floor (or I would put him on the enriched in the process. consultant through the who went with me to Luckily for me, I had begun learning brunt of blame needed to be on me. floor when supervised), I made play International Association of from Dr. Susan Friedman about visit adults in a assisted After all, I often kept his cage door stations for him. Chester loved a When Chester died in my arms, my Animal Behavior Consultants Applied Behaviour Analysis, a open when I was there, and he was baby toy I found that is a mirror on loss was traumatic. He taught me (IAABC), teaching the most care home, helped me systematic approach to solving simply an Alexandrian Ringneck who wheels so I got him several of those so much about behaviour. One of positive and humane strategies behaviour problems by changing mentor a young girl in was looking for something to do, and surrounded it with beads (which those lessons was the importance for preventing and solving pet the environment in which the and something to chew on. he also loved) and other things to keep of stopping the blame and looking behaviour problems. need of a positive role behaviour occurs, rather than his interest. Chester had so much to for the most positive and humane He had his — very strong — needs, focusing on changing the animal. solutions to behaviour problems. model, and just kept me keep his interest on his cage that he Follow her behaviour blog on and from his standpoint, that chair It involves looking at the very Sometimes those solutions are simply rarely would come off, but in those her website at: laughing — a lot. looked like a good option. So often specific behaviour and the related rearranging the environment to make circumstances where he would venture www.SoMuchPETential.com. we bring animals into our homes environmental context that away, he immediately sought out one the wanted behaviour the easiest and and then get frustrated with them surrounds it. of his play stations. best choice for the animal.

10 PsittaScene.org Summer 2018 Summer 2018 PsittaScene.org 11 © Angie Toh “When you came to Catemaco © Crónica Veracruz the jungle was exuberant, and the most notorious animals were monkeys and macaws that crossed everywhere”, remarked Mr. William Schaldach Jr., a Catemaco resident naturalist who, over 50 years, had documented the birds of Los Tuxtlas, with a list of 565 species among residents, wintering, migratory and accidentals.

“The last record of the Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao cyanoptera) in Los Tuxtlas Reserve was in 1975, when I watched a small group heading into the sunset from the Jicacal beach to the rainforest of the UNAM Biology Station,” recounts Félix Aguilar-Ortiz, biologist and ecotourism guide in Dos Amates, a small village 13km north of Catemaco.

Soaring the Skies Trapping for the pet market and Once Again habitat destruction caused the loss of the original population Encouraging results in the reintroduction of Scarlet of these colourful and intelligent Macaws to Los Tuxtlas Reserve, Mexico birds. From 1975 to 2014 they were not seen again, until the Article by: Patricia Escalante, Areli Arias, Diana Cortés and Esteban Cortéz reintroduction project made its Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México return thanks to the initiative of UNAM (Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México) and Xcaret Eco-Archeological Park, whose successful breeding program has produced hundreds of macaws.

12 PsittaScene.org Summer 2018 As with any project it is

Flying Ray

Ray belongs to the 6th group of Scarlet Macaws that arrived in Los Tuxtlas. A few months ago, it was the day of her release, the time to get to know the forest and the joy © Exper of freedom. However, Ray had one problem: she was hesitant, ienc even afraid, to fly. ias

Xca Most of her companions flew ret without much difficulty to the outside feeding stations but she could not, and instead called out miserably to her companions. We tried a number of options to get her interested in flying, all to no avail. ince 1998, Los Tuxtlas has house volunteers, young people specific birds. The monitoring has S been an ecological reserve who enthusiastically contribute proven vital more than once - one So, we devised a little test for her the situation, flapped her with federal-level protection. their time to the project. of the macaws became aggressive to overcome: in a feeding station in wings like she was preparing for Then, the next morning something towards the other birds, injuring a a tree near the aviary, we placed a the big flight, and stopped. That unexpected happened. From the Within it there are privately Areli Arias, DVM and Esteban Cortez, female in the process. We have had horizontal bamboo rod with which day she missed her breakfast. roof of the aviary she opened her protected sites, such as the our local technician, awaken each to separate the injured bird briefly she could reach her daily breakfast. wings, determined not to miss any Nanciyaga Ecological Reserve day to a jungle chorus: chachalacas to allow her to heal before she can But it was still one metre away from The next day she walked across more breakfasts, and bravely flew on the shores of Lake Catemaco. (a type of bird), howler monkeys, be released. her prize, and she needed to work the bamboo rod, came right to over to the feeding station! It was This 10-hectare rainforest, in jays, and, of course, macaws. Then that out. the edge and…took her first small a beautiful flight, with only a small addition to a neighbor’s land, the morning chores begin: washing As of April 2018, 189 macaws have (big!) flight. We were delighted! mishap in some bushes. She landed forms a 45-hectare continuous the aviary feeders and the external been moved, of which we have The first time she walked the rod and She perfected her skills day by on the platform and ate with great patch of forest that is supported feeding stations that both the newly released 162. Thirty-one have been arrived at the tip, turned day until the bamboo rod finally joy, her efforts and determination by ecotourism and where the liberated and previously released lost in four years, meaning a survival her head several times fell. finally paying off. reintroduction project is based. macaws still use, and the food rate of 81%. as if examining preparation and feeding. Only after The bridge that allowed her to Now Ray flies from the roof to the In 2014 we began transfers of these duties are completed can the Happily, since the first release overcome some of her fear was station, where she eats everything captive-bred Scarlet Macaws from team have their own breakfast. breeding behaviours have no longer there so she became she wants and then flies back to Xcaret. We now have three sites been observed: the birds distressed again, searching for a the aviary roof again. Sometimes where we conduct soft releases: During the day we observe the went into the nest boxes way to the platform through the she goes back and forth, as if she La Otra Opción, Reserva Ejidal interactions between the wild we provided and were nearest tree branches. is training herself to be better, to Benito Juárez, and Nanciyaga. birds and the new ones that are in observed copulating. None seemed to be perfect her flight, and to fly more the aviary, bring them branches for close enough. and more. Ray is enjoying the flight In total seven groups of between enrichment, and provide wild fruits They’ve also produced that at some point caused her fear 24 and 29 macaws each have been that they will need to recognize eggs, but we do not and is feeling the air of freedom brought from Xcaret, and six groups once released, among many other yet know if they are Nest bo touching her wings. have been released. duties. incubating them, or if they have had success Ray has more challenges ahead. x , Nanciyaga was founded in 1986, The macaws’ behaviours are in raising chicks. We will Na She’ll need courage to fly away and there we built our pre-release recorded to keep track of both continue to place nest nci y from the aviary, explore the forest, ag © aviary and related facilities in 2014. positive and negative interactions, boxes to support them a © and fly over all the trees along with Exper We have a rustic cabin where we using beak markings to identify in their activities. Mau her companions, who each sunrise ienci ricio open their wings in celebration of Gu as the freedom of their new home. tierr Xca ez ret

14 PsittaScene.org Summer 2018 Summer 2018 PsittaScene.org 15 © UNAM © Aaron Legaspi © Patricia Escalante © Patricia

the Owners of the feet when they hang from the wire welcomed over time. Tourist service aviary roof ceiling. The other macaws prefer providers (hoteliers, restaurants, not to fight so they leave. artisans, guides, fishermen and Caco is twelve years old and Manuel boatmen) are also encouraged by three. They are two male macaws Caco and Manuel celebrate their our progress. from the first group released in successes by clicking each other’s Nanciyaga in 2015, and both have beaks and calling back and forth. It is our hope that visitors to the developed an interesting approach The two leave just to eat, at which area will enjoy seeing the birds and to daily life. point we observe some brave then tell their friends about the macaws returning to claim the roof. experience, which will benefit the Usually after release the macaws When Caco and Manuel return the service providers, and the regional slowly move away from the aviary others go away again; apparently economy in general. which was their home. Most of the roof is the best cared-for place, them return to hang out on their 24 hours a day, all because of a Most importantly, maybe this will roof, make flights to the feeders, pair of big, beautiful, determined help us protect these wonderful and come back to rest, groom and macaws known as “the owners of macaws. interact with the other macaws. the aviary roof.”

However, with one group we Perhaps Don Caco—the person noticed that many macaws were who made Nanciyaga’s dream of not returning to the aviary, instead preserving the rainforest possible staying in the surrounding trees. We and gave a safe home to many soon discovered the reason: a pair animals—would be proud to know of big, burly male macaws were that his namesake is still caring as patrolling the roof, and any macaw much as he did. that put even a claw on their turf were sent off very quickly! In additon to the work and the

birds’ stories, the involvement and © P They guard the edges of the roof education of local people is vital to atric ia Es cal along the entire perimeter, and if our success with the release project. ante necessary, take to the air to chase Our team has made a strong “the intruders.” Any resistance is commitment in this area, both in met with pecking and mobbing. The schools at all levels of education Special thanks to the organisations pair even harass the new arrivals and in community meetings, and that have made our work possible: inside the aviary by attacking their as a result the project has been Tang, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Bosque Antiguo AC, Defenders of Wildlife, Reserva de la Biosfera Los Tuxtlas (CONANP), and the World Parrot Trust.

16 PsittaScene.org Summer 2018 Summer 2018 PsittaScene.org 17 “Lear’s Macaws rest in the midday sun. They were very wary of our approach; this shot was taken at some distance.” Ecotourism Responsible travel supporting conservation

Ecotourism has evolved in the decades since it was first conceived — it has united conservation, communities and sustainable travel for the benefit of people and animals around the world. It has gone from being unregulated and somewhat unpredictable to, thanks to changing attitudes, a genuine and successful approach to help save wildlife and wild places. The World Parrot Trust supports responsible ecotourism as a viable means to help protect both parrot habitat and populations. WPT has a

number of supporters that are keen “The Hyacinth to back these in-country ventures, Macaws were far more tolerant of our both for the conservation value and presence, and we were often able to the chance to see wild parrots. get quite close...” One of them — WPT friend Corey Raffel — shares with us his experiences visiting some extraordinary places that go a long Travel Notes - Brazil:

way in helping make life better for A recent trip to Brazil was organised by Steve Brookes parrots and the people who live of Wild Parrots Up Close with the goal of seeing Lear’s with them. Macaws and Hyacinth Macaws. The Lear’s macaws were very wary, and my most common photo is a rear view of these parrots flying away from me!

Fortunately, the Hyacinth Macaws were far more tolerant of our presence than the Lear’s macaws. We were often able to get quite close and observe their activities for extended periods of time. 18 PsittaScene.org Summer 2018 A lone Orange-cheeked Parrot (Pyrilia barrabandi) amidst a flurry of Cobalt-winged Parakeets (Brotogeris cyanoptera) A Haven for Macaws wildlife protection demonstrates seen at a clay lick nearby. The the wide ranging potential positive clay licks at Sani Lodge included The Hyacinth Macaw is reportedly effects that can occur from a single one that had mostly Mealy increasing in numbers and range conservation action. Parrots, and the “seep,” where in the Pantanal. I had assumed water flowed out of a hole at the this was secondary to study We saw numbers of Hyacinth bottom of a cliff. of behaviour and subsequent Macaws every day we were in the appropriately targeted protection. Pantanal… Although the birds The two great attractions of the [here] appear to be doing well, lodges we stayed at were the clay However, our tour guide Ricardo the two other separate Brazilian licks and the canopy towers. The suggested that the reason related to populations in east Amazonia and tower at the Sani lodge offered changes in Brazil’s laws regarding the Gerais are still decreasing, views of Mealy Parrots flying the harvest of caiman for the indicating the need for further past, always in the distance and leather trade. Killing caiman for conservation actions in these areas. usually with low early morning their skin has been outlawed, so light. The tower at the Cristalino there are now far fewer hunters out Lodge (Brazil) offered White- taking caiman. Gathering at Clay Licks bellied Parrots, Crimson-bellied Parakeets, and Blue-and-yellow, These same hunters would also A separate trip took us to the Red-and-green and Scarlet take young macaws from the nest Sani Lodge, in the Ecuadorian Macaws flying by. to sell whenever then encountered Amazon. It was a great place a nest. Ricardo believes that the to visit, as it is run by the local Other lodges with great licks decrease in caiman poaching is in Sani Kichwas people and is very included the Tambopata part responsible for the growth environmentally savvy. Northern Research Center and the Heath in the macaw population. This Mealy Amazons, Scarlet Macaws, River Wildlife Center, both White-eyed Conures remarkable story of a beneficial, Orange-cheeked Parrots and located in Peru. (Psittacara leucophthalma) in flight unexpected consequence of Cobalt-winged Parakeets can be

Scarlet Macaws (Ara macao) drink mineral-rich water at a clay lick

Sourcing Responsible Travel:

The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) is a global network of professionals, institutions and individuals helping to put environmental and

socially accountable principles into Cactus Conure practice within the ecotourism industry. (Eupsittula cactorum) enjoying local fruit Links to TIES, Wild Parrots Up Close, Parrot Lover’s Cruise, Grey Parrot Excursions-Uganda and others can be found on the WPT website at: parrots.org > take action > eco-travel

Summer 2018 PsittaScene.org 21 Psitta| News WPT CONTACTS News Book Review ON THE WEB A park in South Australia to house a Philippine bird trade targets The tragedy of America’s only parrots.org Vanished and Vanishing Parrots: psittascene.org cockatoo food garden Indonesian species endemic parrot, now extinct for Profiling Extinct and Endangered Species facebook.com/WorldParrotTrust 100 years twitter.com/parrottrust In a joint operation by the Philippine By Joseph M. Forshaw. Operations Group on Ivory and Illegal Illustrated by Frank Knight. Trade of the Biodiversity Management Bureau (BMB) and the National Reviewed by: WPT Staff MAIN BRANCHES Bureau of Investigations, hundreds of threatened Indonesian animals were UNITED KINGDOM (Main Office) Highly anticipated for those of us Karen Whitley, Administrator discovered on March 12th hidden in who have learned much from his Glanmor House, Hayle, a Philippine home. Over 300 birds Cornwall, TR27 4HB previous books, Forshaw’s latest and mammals, most of which were Tel: (44) 01736 751026 © Georgina Steytler volume, Vanished and Vanishing Fax: (44) 01736 751028 likely destined for the pet trade, were [email protected] The Environmental Services Team in thought to be from the island of New Parrots: Profiling Extinct and the city of Cockburn, South Australia, Guinea (Papua province of Indonesia Endangered Species, is a thorough UNITED STATES Glenn Reynolds, Administrator is creating a planted area devoted and Papua New Guinea). Of the four overview of selected endangered P.O. Box 935, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 to the production of the Carnaby’s men arrested in the raid one had a Tel/Fax: (1) 863 956 4347 © CC BY 2.0 and extinct parrots. This is not Cockatoo’s (Calyptorhynchus latirostris) prior record of illegal possession and [email protected] an all-encompassing review favourite foods. The garden will be trading of wildlife. Exactly one hundred years ago this CANADA of vulnerable and endangered planted at Goodwill Park in Atwell, a past February, the last captive Carolina Michelle Kooistra, Administrator neighbourhood in Cockburn, and will Among the animals seized were Parakeet (Conuropsis carolinensis) died parrots, but rather a reference 4377 Gordon Dr., Kelowna, BC, V1W 1S7 feature Banksia, Hakea and Callistemon Sulphur-crested Cockatoos (Cacatua at Cincinnati Zoo. Scientists aren’t with fewer and much more Tel: (1) 250 766 7828 [email protected] tree varieties beneath a canopy of galerita triton), Moluccan Cockatoos entirely certain what caused the researched and expanded entries. marri and larger trees. Following these, (Cacatua moluccensis), Palm Cockatoos species’ demise, but recent research several mature macadamia, pecan (Probosciger aterrimus), and other using written records and museum The introduction about the threats to parrots addresses issues many of us and Tipuana trees will be planted. The parrots such as Black-capped Lories skins has helped a group of scientists ADDITIONAL BRANCHES might not consider, such as biological attributes (ie: large body size and park already contains mature pines (Lorius lory), and Desmarest’s Fig- find out that the birds’ range was that the cockatoos feed in, and the parrots (Psittaculirostris desmarestii). much smaller than previously thought, consequent vulnerability to hunting; naturally small range, etc), and the Africa Rowan Martin added trees will attract other wildlife. and how studies into extinctions can relatively new (read: unstudied) but suspected threat of climate change [email protected] Officials hope that local residents will Read more: support conservation actions in the on psittacines. Next is a compelling fossil history by Walter Boles, PhD of Australia Nicholas Bishop be inspired to plant these species in tinyurl.com/y8submz2 present. Australian Museum, that traces parrots as far back as the Eocene, pointing [email protected] their own suburban gardens. out fossil evidence found in what is now western Europe, India and North Read more: Benelux Ruud Vonk America, to name a few. [email protected] Read more: tinyurl.com/y9dxukm5 tinyurl.com/yavsuvd8 Belgium Ronald Coens The species profiles follow, broken out by region (ie: Australasian [email protected]

Distribution). Here Forshaw delves deeply into his subjects, which are Brazil André Saidenberg further enhanced by Frank Knight’s accurate and helpful illustrations. At [email protected] the end of the volume the ‘references cited’ section contains a long list of 10th Annual Parrot Lovers Cruise India Avin Deen November 9 - 17, 2018: Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao papers for those adventurous enough to keep researching. [email protected]

Imagine cruising crystal blue waters while experiencing some Indonesia Oka Dwi Prihatmoko Overall a remarkably detailed book, one to keep serious parrot students of the most magical sightseeing in the world! Join fellow parrot [email protected] occupied for a long time. lovers aboard the Royal Princess for eight days of enlightening Italy Cristiana Senni seminars and exciting excursions visiting a variety of stunning [email protected] locations, all while supporting parrot conservation. Don’t miss Get your copy from Cornell University Press: www.cornellpress.cornell.edu out - contact Carol Cipriano to book your cabin today. Japan TSUBASA [email protected] Book today! Netherlands Ria Vonk 8 [email protected] [email protected] ( 1-510-200-5665 (USA) Peru/Spain/ Rosa Elena Zegarra Central [email protected] Access Past Issues at: Psittascene.org America parrotloverscruise.com English, Dutch, German, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish and Swedish Sweden Maria Rogstadius [email protected] 22 PsittaScene.org Summer 2018 Parrots in the Wild: Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao)

A Scarlet Macaw drinks deeply at a clay lick seep at the Sani ecoLodge in Ecuador. Their numbers are on the decline due to habitat loss and heavy trapping: there are between 20,000 and 50,000 individuals left in the wild.