Page Numbers in Italic Refer to Figures Or Tables. Acadian

Index

Page numbers in italic refer to figures or tables.

Acadian (mid-Devonian) deformation 37, 44, 49-50, Ballydavid Formationn 150, 154, 156, 158, 165, 192, 391 166-7, 168 Acadian Orogeny 33, 50, 52, 63, 185, 312 cyclic deposition 167 Acanthostega tetrapod remains 557-9, 561,564 fluvial-aeolian architecture 157, 165, 167, 169 Achanarras Sandwick Fish Beds 474, 479, 480 stratigraphy 166 aeolian deposition Ballyferriter Formation 132, 150, 188 Ballydavid Formation 166 Ballymastocker Basin 40, 109-21 Beenmore Sandstone Formation 172-3, 175 Ballymore Formation 150, 153, 187, 188, 206, 218 Farran Formation 161, 166 Ballynane Formation 150, 202 Kilmurry Formation 178, 179, 190, 207, 209 Ballyoughteragh Member, Farran Formation 154, Sauce Creek Formation 168 158, 165 Agda Formation (East Greenland) 558 Ballyroe Group 155, 188, 189 Aglaophyton major 454 BaUytrasna Formation 251 Aglaophyton sp. 449, 455, 456 Baltica 32-3, 47, 417, 505 Aiculiretusispora sp. 361 Barr Group 463 Aina Dal Formation (East Greenland) 558, 559-60, Battery Point Formation 35, 36, 62, 63-82, 63 560, 563, 564 Beaconites antarticus 376 Albertbreen Formation 570, 573 Bealtra Volcanic Breccia 277, 279, 282-3 Albion Sands Formation 352-3 Beara Peninsula 231-4, 303, 305, 306, 307-11, 308, Ambitisporites sp. 366 312-13 Ancyrospora ancyrea 477, 478,478, 479, 480 basin faulting 311, 312 Ancyrospora ancyrea cf. var. brevispinosa 478 Black Ball Head Pipe 309-10, 311,312, 313 Ancyrospora simplex 289, 325 Caha Mountain Formation 275 Ancyrospora sp. 476 crustal stretching 313 Andr6e Land Anticline 589, 591-2 depocentre 224, 233 Andr6e Land Group 35, 42, 46, 568-9, 573, 575-6, pipe-like intrusions (lamprophyre affinities) 309-10, 578-9, 585, 603, 605 6 312 Andr6ebreen Formation 571 sills and dykes 307-8 Aneurospora sp. 361,364, 366 Beenaman Conglomerate Formation 150, 154, 170-8, Anglo-Welsh Basin 37, 44, 51-2, 371,379 173, 179 Annascaul Formation 150, 187, 202 clast lithotypes 176 AOM (Amorphous Organic Matter) 326-7, 475, 479 Beenmore Sandstone Formation 154, 155, 170-3, 175, Archaeopteris hibernica 333, 340 176-8 Archaeozonotriletes variabilis 606 fluvial-aeolian sedimentation 173-7 Archanodon sp. 89, 93 Lower Member 173, 175 Archaoperrisaccus ovalis 291 Upper Member 173, 175 Archeosigillaris sp. 596 Beenreagh basalts 250, 277 Ardane Formation 249 Bellewstown Terrane 216 Ardaturrish Member 311 Ben Nevis Formation 571, 574 Arenicolites sp. 76, 78, 99-101 Benan Conglomerate 465 Argyll Group 111 Bennaunmore Volcanic Centre 272-4, 277, 294, 306 Armorica 32, 34, 51 Billefjorden Group 579 Arran, Lower Old Red Sandstone conglomerates 423 bioturbation Asteroxylon mackiei 454 Devonian rivers and coasts 88-9, 93, 99-101 Asteroxylon sp. 447, 449, 456 Moor Cliffs Formation 376-7, 381 2 astronomical rhythmicity (precession and obliquity Pantymaes Quarry 393, 397 cycles) 10, 520-1 Skolithos-type vertical burrows 393 Auchtitench Formation 428 Biskayerfonna Group 570 Auroraspora cf. hyalina 291 Biskayerfonna-Holtedahlfonna Horst 591,595 Auroraspora macromanifestus 478 Biskayerhalvoya terrane 570-1,575, 576, 580, 582 Auroraspora mieromanifestus 478 Blasket Islands 124, 124, 125, 127, 128, 130, 134 Boat Cove Member, Bull's Head Formation 132, 133, Ballinskelligs Sandstone Formation 188, 249, 275, 135, 141 276, 292 Bothriolepis sp. 270, 293, 298, 330, 558

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Brandon Point Anticline 154, 170, 173 Chelinospora concinna 289, 290, 325,329, 479 Bray Group 202 Cheviot Hills lavas 420, 428 Bristol Channel Fault Zone (BCFZ) 403, 405, 406 Chloritic Sandstone Formation, Munster Basin 150, Bristol Channel Landmass 403 188, 250, 271,273-5, 277, 306, 328 Britta Dal Formation (East Greenland) 558, 559, 560, fluvial environment 294 561,564-5 miospore assemblage 289-91,290 Brownstones Group 35, 37 Chondrites sp. 130, 321 Bull's Head Formation 38, 132 3, 133, 134, 135, 140, chronostratigraphy, Old Red Sandstone (Devonian) 150, 188 23-6, 24 see also Devonian time scales lithofacies 134, 167 Chutkotka-Alaske Plate 580, 581 Bythotrephis sp. 334, 336 'Cirratriradites' avius 478 Cirratriradites elegans 607 Caha Mountain Formation 275, 276, 293, 312, 321 "Cirratriradites' monogrammos 477, 478, 479 Caherbla Group 35, 39-40, 218, 243, 246, 262, 298 Clear Island 320 1,321, 330 age determination 155, 180, 207 Clogher Head Formation 127-9, 130, 131, 132, geology 210 138-40, 150 palaeogeography 172, 178-80, 211 Clousta Volcanic series 473-4 stratigraphy 154-5, 170, 186-90, 190, 207 Cockburnspath Formation 486 Calamospora atava 478, 478 Comeragh Conglomerate-Sandstone Group 246-7 Calcrete morphology and karst development, Milton Contagisporites optivus 477, 478, 479 Ness 485-99 Converrucosisporites liratus 325 boulder calcrete 493-5, 494, 499 Cooksonia 379 calcrete accumulation rates 496 Cooksonia pertoni 356, 366 calcrete profile 487 Coolnahorna Volcanic Member, Coumshingaun Con- vertical zonation of pedogenic carbonates 487, glomerate 488, 499 Formation 251 carbonate dissolution rates 496 Cooscrawn Tuff Bed, Ballymore Formation 153, 180 distribution of Old Red Sandstone in Midland Coosglass Member, Farran Formation 154, 165 Valley 486 Coosgorrib Conglomerate Formation 150, 155, 156, geological setting 486-7, 495 158, 165, 168, 175, 180 hardpan calcrete 487 91,488, 492 Coralliferous Group 344, 352-3 clotted micrite 490, 491 Cornuodus cf. C. longibasis 463 displacive calcite growth 487-8, 490, 493, 494, 499 Corsewall Conglomerate 466 floating grain texture 487, 489, 490, 491, 493 Cosheston Group 37, 407, 412 microspar fringes on detrital grains 490, 491 Coumeenoole Formation 38-9, 135, 138, 150, 188, 206 pisolites 489, 490, 493 Coumshingaun Conglomerate Formation 251 silica laminations 489, 490 Couverrucosisporites sp. 291 karst solution cavities 485,487, 491-3,492, 494, 495 Cowie Formation 459 karst/calcrete association 495-6 Craighead Limestone 465 palaeocurrents 487 Crana Quartzite Formation 112, 115, 118 rhizoliths 485,487, 492-3, 496 9, 498, 499 Cranford Limestone Formation 112 river drainage systems 487 Crawton Basin 40, 49 calcrete nodules and horizons (pedogenesis) 393-4, Crawton Group 459, 461 396 9 Crawton Sub-basin 459 Lower Old Red Sandstone 406, 426 Crenaticaulis verruculosus 74 Caledonides 32-4, 33, 47, 49-50, 537-8, 552, 580-2, Crinan Subgroup 112 581 Cristatisporites mediconus 478 Calyculiphyton sp. 456 Cristatisporites triangulatus 479 Cap-aux-Os Member, Battery Point Formation 36, 62, Croaghmarhin Formation 131, 131, 140 1, 150 63-82, 63 Crossgate-Burnside sediment bars 426 8, 427 CarrigduffGroup 35, 155, 170, 173, 177, 188, 189, 244, Curlew Basin 40 257, 264 Cushendall Basin 40, 41, 49, 52 Carrigduff Volcanic Member, Coumshingaun Con- Cyclostigma kiltorcense 333, 334, 335, 338, 340 glomerate Formation 251 Cyclotites lenticulata 198 Castlehaven Formation 247, 248, 250, 251,263, 319 Cymatiosphaera sp. 327, 329 Catskill foreland basin see Devonian rivers and coasts, Eastern USA Dalradian basement 111-12, 420, 424, 425, 426, 461 Celsius Bjerg Group (East Greenland) 538, 558-9, 561, palaeomagnetism 116-17 564-5 sediment source for Lower Old Red Sandstone Central Terrane 216-17 basins 112, 114, 119, 420, 424-5, 430, 434 Chapel Point Calcrete 373 Dartmouth Group 35, 36, 51,242

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Dawsonites sp. 356 non U-Pb isotopic systems 5 7, 17 Decoroproetus? sp. 463 stratigrahically discordant intrusion ages 6 Deheubarthia sp. 355 stratigraphically concordant isotopic dates 3, 5 Densosporites 607 U-Pb zircon dating 7-8, 15 17, 16 Densosporites concinnus 477, 478, 479 miospore zonation 2 Densosporites devonicus 478, 479 recent data compilation 15-17 Derryreag miospore assemblage 291 time-scale construction methodology 8-10 Devil's Punch Bowl rhyolite 274 best-fit time line method 9, 9 Devonian (Old Red Sandstone) chronostratigraphy faunal evolution and biozone durations 10 23-6, 24 see also Devonian time scales graphic correlation technique 10 Devonian rivers and coasts, Eastern USA 85 104 orbital precession and obliquity cycles 10 bioturbation 88-9, 93, 99-101 scanning age procedure 9, 9 Catskill foreland basin 42, 85-104 Diaphanospore reticulata 325 coastal strata 95-102, 97, 98 Dictyotriletes craticulatus 289, 290, 325 cyclicity of sedimentation 85-7 Dictyotriletes perlotus 289, 325 environment of deposition 86-7, 86, 89 90, 93-4, Diducites sp. 337 99-102 Dingle Basin 38 40, 49, 51,216 18, 224-5, 228, 230, large-scale sequences 102-4 232-3, 235, 243, 246, 249, 264 lithostratigraphic correlation 87 palaeogeography 195 non-marine strata 87 95 sedimentological evidence of hinterland granite 233 main channel deposits 87-92, 92 Dingle Basin conglomerates, basin setting and prove- mathematical modelling 92 nance 185-218 overbank deposits 92-4 Glashabeg Formation 193, 202-6, 205 stratal geometry 88 clast composition 203-5 variations 94 5, 94, 95 depositional environment 203 palaeocurrents 88, 91-2, 94, 97, 98-101 palaeohydraulic scale 197, 203 palaeoshoreline 93, 94-5, 99 provenance 205 6 palaeosols 93-4, 100 sedimentary facies 203 palynostratigraphy 87 Inch Conglomerate Formation 207-16 plant remains 88-9, 93, 99, 100-1 clast composition 211-14 sandstone-mudstone sequences 101-2 depositional environment 179, 209 sea-level changes 42, 102-4 geochemistry (Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotopes) sedimentology of fluvial deposits 92 214, 215 stratigraphy 86 palaeohydraulic scale 209-11 Devonian sediments at Ballymastucker 109 21 Dalradian basement stratigraphy 111-12, 111, 118 provenance 214 16 depositional framework 119-20 sedimentary facies 207-9 depth of burial 118-19, 120-1 jasper 205-6 faults and fractures 110, 114-16, 117, 119, 119 regional context 216 18 fluid inclusion data 117-19, 120, 120, 121 basin-forming mechanism 216 geological setting 110, 111-12, 113 early Devonian hinterland geology 216 Leannan Fault system 109, 110-11, 112, 114-15, Siluro-Devonian tectonic history 216-18 118-21 sedimentary facies 193 Riedel shears 112, 115, 119 Slea Head Formation 193, 206 7, 209 lithofacies and depositional environment 112-14, clast composition 207 114, 115, 116, 120-1 depositional environment 206 palaeomagnetic data 116 17, 121 palaeohydraulic scale 197, 206-7 structural chronology 119 provenance 207 Upper Palaeozoic (Lower ORS) sediments 112-14 sedimentary facies 206 Devonian time scales 1-17 stratigraphy of Dingle and Caherbla Groups 186-90 analytical methods structure 190-2, 191 ID-MS (isotope dilution mass spectrometry) 1, Acadian transpression 192 15, 17 Trabeg Conglomerate Formation 192-202, 193, SHRIMP (sensitive high-mass resolution ion 199, 200 microprobe) 1, 7-8, 11-12, 14-15, 17 clast composition 196 8, 212 chronostratigraphy 2 depositional environment 192-5 evolution of Devonian time scale 10-15, 13, 14 geochemistry (Sm-Nd isotopes) 198-201,201 geological time scales database 3-8 limestone clast fauna 198 fission-track ages 5-7 palaeohydraulic scale 195-6, 197 geological context of data points 3-5 provenance 201 2 glauconite ages 4-5 sedimentary facies 192

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Dingle Basin, early development of 123 43 East Greenland Basin, syndepositional tectonics 537-53 basin evolution 138-43, 139~ conglomerates 540-1,544, 547 active subduction phase 138 diachronous basal deposits 537-8, 540-1,552 post-subduction thermal subsidence 140 Eastern Fault Zone 538, 542 strike-slip fault-controlled subsidence 140-1 extensional thinning 550-2 subduction termination phase 138-43 fault patterns 546, 549 Dingle Bay Lineament 135 fault populations 543, 547, 548-51,548, 549 Dingle Group 132-8, 139 Mosknsoksefjord (MOF) Inlier 539-41, 539, 540, overview 135-8 543, 543, 544, 546, 548, 550-1 stratigraphy and depositional facies 124, 126, previous studies 538 132-5, 140-1 regional comparisons 552 Dunquin Group 125-32, 128, 139 regional geology 538, 539 hydrothermal metamorphic event 131-2, 140 sedimentary logs 542, 545 igneous petrology and magmatic evolution 131 stratigraphic frameworks 538 stratigraphy and depositional facies 124, 125-31, stratigraphy of syntectonic basal deposits 538-41,540 126, 129, 138-40 structural evolution of basal ORS 541-50 intrabasinal faulting 140-1 cross-cutting faults 547, 549, 550 lavas and pyroclastics 125, 127-31, 138, 140 syn-extensional folding, Eastern Dybendal plate reconstruction 125 547-50, 548 tectonic setting 126, 129, 141-3 syndepositional folding and faulting, Ella O 547 Dingle Bay-Gattee Fault Zone 44, 223-4, 228 30, Western Fault Zone 543-6 232-5, 243, 244, 246, 257, 263, 272, 319 tectonic history 550-2 Dingle Group 35, 123, 124, 132-8, 140 1,149-53, 150, wrench faulting or strain partitioning 551 155, 180, 225 Western Fault Zone 538,539, 542-6, 545, 551 age 153, 187-8 drag folds 543 lithostratigraphy 189 slickensides 537, 543-5, 551 stratigraphy 158, 186-90 East Greenland Upper Devonian fossils 557-65 structure 190 2 see also Northwest Dingle Domain invertebrates 564 Dingle Peninsula 123-4, 186 218 lithofacies 563 4, 563 basin evolution 175 radiometric dating 564 chronostratigraphy 188 stratigraphy 559 geological setting 124, 127, 131, 189 tetrapod localities structural history 190-2, 191 Gauss Halvo 559-61 volcano-tectonism 130 see also Northwest Dingle Ymer O 561-4 Domain (ORS) trace fossils 559, 564 Diplocraterion sp. 76, 78, 100 1 East Mendips inlier volcanic suite 142-3 Ditton Group 35, 37 Eastern Avalonia 32 4, 47, 49-52, 123, 138, 141 3, Doon Lava Member, Ballytrasna Formation 251 245, 343-4, 352 Doulus Conglomerate 243, 249 Eday Flagstone Formation 479, 480 Dounans Limestone 468 Eday Marl Formation 480 Downton Group 35, 37, 52 Eleonore Bay Supergroup 538, 548, 569 Drepanodus arcuatus 465 Ellesmerian Orogeny 32, 580, 582 Drepanodus robustus 463, 465 Elsa Dal Formation (East Greenland) 558 Drepanophycus sp. 67, 74 Emphanisporites annulatus 357 Drepanophycus spinaeformis sp. 74 Emphanisporites decoratus 361 Drom Point Formation 130 1, 131, 140, 150 Emphanisporites micrornatus 359 63, 360 Duneaton Formation 428 Emphanisporites protophanus 356 Dunquin Group 35, 38, 123, 125-32, 128, 129, 131, Emphanisporites rotatus 357, 477, 478 149, 186, 188, 205, 224 Emphanisporites splendens 357 hydrothermal event 131-2 Enagh Tuff Bed see Keel-Enagh Tuff Bed igneous petrology and magmatic evolution 130, 131 Eoplacognathus lindstroemi 463, 463 stratigraphy 155, 187, 190 ephemeral fluvial systems 158-61, 167, 168, 169, 180 stratigraphy and depositional facies 124, 125-32, erg migration 129, 138-40 Ballydavid Formation 167 structure 192 Beenmore Sandstone Formation 175, 177 volcanic suite, trace elements characteristics 142-3 Farran Formation 161, 165, 166 Sauce Creek Formation 168 Easdale Subgroup 111-12 Escuminac Formation, Canada 35, 36, 330 Eask Formation 133, 135-8, 149, 150, 187, 188 Eskine-Knocknagullion tuff 250 lithofacies 136 Eusthenodon 558, 560

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extensional subsidence in Munster Basin 239-64 Dalstjord Fault 504, 506 basin fill stratigraphy 244, 245, 246-51,249 Dingle Bay Fault (Lineament) 38, 147, 154, 169, 175, crustal stretching factors 263, 264 177, 178, 179, 186, 187, 190, 216, 255, 257 crustal thinning 229, 232, 234-5 Dingle Bay-Galtee Fault see Dingle Bay-Galtee decompaction and back-stripping 251-3, 255, 256 Fault Zone methodology 251-2, 251 Dun an Oir Fault 135, 154, 188 results 252-3, 252 Dunmanus-Castletown Fault 223, 244, 246-8, 252, Dingle Bay-Galtee Fault Zone 243, 244, 246, 257, 253, 257, 263 263 Eastern Fault Zone, East Greenland Basin 538 erosion rates 263 Fohernamanagh Fault 154-5, 156, 158, 168, 169-70, extensional faulting 229, 230, 232-4 177 flexural cantilever model 253 Fotkollen Fault 591 fluvial dispersal systems 44, 246-51,247 Fradingmullach Fault 468 footwall to hanging-wall correlations 248-9, 249 Friedrichbreen thrust 578-9 forward models 241-3, 253-9, 257 Glen of Aherlow Fault 243, 249, 258 northern Dingle-Clear Island 255-7, 258, 259 Glen Fumart Fault 468 Slieve Phelim-Ardmore 257-9, 260, 261 Great Glen Fault 41, 48, 49 geological setting 241 Gruinart Fault system 119-20 Leinster Terrane 245-6 Hannabreen Fault 570, 573, 575 ORS accumulation 262 Heol Senni fault 391 palaeogeography 248, 250 Highland Boundary Fault see Highland Boundary palinspastic restoration 242 Fault pre-Variscan structure 239 Idabreen Fault 574, 575, 578 pre-Variscan template 241-6 Instelva Fault 504, 506 previous models 240-1,242 Johnson Thrust 344 sub-Munster crustal basement 244-6 Keisar Wilhelmhogda thrust 578-9 syn-ORS magmatism 249 51 Kenmare River Fault 311,312, 328 syn-rift alluvial systems 247, 262 Kenmare Thrust 312 tectonic setting 240, 241-6 Killarney-Mallow Fault see Killarney-Mallow Fault thermal syn-rift subsidence 259-62, 264 Kringlet]ellet Fault 517 Variscan deformation 239, 242-6 Kvikkabreen Fault 575 Leannan Fault 40, 109, 110-12, 114-15, 118-20 Fahan Syncline 132-3, 135, 141 Llandyfaelog Fault 373 Fanad Boulder Bed 111 Melby Fault 473, 479, 481 Farran Formation 150, 153, 156-66, 167 More-Hitra Fault 42 aeolian deposition 156, 156, 158, 161, 165-6 Munindalen thrust 590-1,606, 608 Ballyoughteragh Member 154, 158, 165 Musselwick Fault 344, 373 Coosglass Member 154, 165 North Kerry lineament 38, 147, 175, 176, 190, 230, ephemeral fluvial sedimentation 158-61 235, 255 lateral facies variations 159, 168 Oberstbreen Fault 577 stratigraphy 158 - Presidentryggen Fault 577 tectonic influence on cyclic deposition 165-6 Rabotdalen Fault 570, 573, 575 faults and lineaments Rabotdalen-Hannabreen Fault 575-6, 576, 582 Balliolbreen Fault 590, 597, 603 Raudfjorden Fault 569, 570, 571,574-5,577-8,577, Bantry Bay Fault 311 582, 603 Benton Fault 37, 344, 373, 403, 404, 406, 407, 412 Ritec Fault 37, 44, 344, 372, 373, 375, 401,403, 404, Billefjorden Fault Zone 569, 570, 573, 579-80, 585, St Magnus Bay Fault 473, 481 589, 590, 596-8, 603, 608 Slievenamuck Fault 243, 258 Breibogen Fault 569, 585, 591-2, 603 Sordalen Fault 597 Breibogen-Bockfjorden Fault Zone 569, 570 1,573, South Galtees Fault 244, 257 576, 576, 578 80 Southern Uplands Fault 40, 49, 429, 463,465, 486 Caherconree Fault 178, 243, 255, 257, 264 Sulma Water Fault 473 Cahermore-Castletownbere Fault 310, 311-12 Swansea Valley Disturbance 391 Carreg Cennen Disturbance 391,395, 398 Triarmbreen Fault 574 Castle Archdale-Omagh Fault 41 Triungen-Gronhorgdalen Fault Zone 579, 590 Church Stretton Lineament 391 Vale of Neath Disturbance 391 Church Stretton-Carreg Cennen-Llandefaelog Fault Walls Boundary Fault 473-4, 481 Zone 37 Welsh Borderland Fault System 37, 391 Coomnacronia Fault 243, 246, 249, 257, 262-3, 274, Wenall Fault 344, 350 277-5, 292-3, 311,312 West Andr6e Land Fault Zone 591 Cork-Kenmare Line 40, 224, 228-9, 232, 234-5 Western Fault Zone, East Greenland Basin 538

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Faveosporites insculptus 607 tetrapod ichnofauna (Valentia Island) 270, 279, Favosites alveolaris 198 293, 298 Feohanagh Anticline 154, 156, 166, 167, 169 chronostratigraphy 270, 296, 297 Ferriter's Cove Formation 123, 127, 128, 138, 150 cyclicities 297 Fintona Basin 40, 41, 49 depocentre sedimentation rate 291 Fintona Group 35, 41 Dingle Basin 270, 297-8 fish beds, west Iveragh succession 275, 276, 293 Dingle Bay-Galtee Fault Zone 269 fish remains Dunmanus-Castletown Fault 269 Eusthenodon 560, 563 geochemistry 277-83, 280-4, 298 Holoptychius sp. 403, 403, 560 discrimination diagrams 277, 281-4, 282 Fiskeklofta Member, Mimerdalen Formation 587, 588 geochronology 284-9 Flerant Formation 35, 36 analytical methods 285 fluvial dispersal systems U-Pb results 285-9, 287, 288, 298 Chloritic Sandstone-Gortanimill System 271,294-5, zircon morphology 285, 286 294 geohistory of Iveragh region of basin 295, 296 7 Galtee System 44, 246 geological setting 271-2, 271 Gun Point System 247, 248, 271,294 Moll's Gap Quarry miospore assemblage 270 Iveragh System 44, 246 stratigraphic-structural context of dated levels Sherkin System 44, 247 272-7, 278, 279 fluvial-aeolian sequences Enagh Tuff Bed 277, 279 Ballydavid Formation 165, 167 Horses Glen Lower Tufts 274 Beenaman Conglomerate Formation 174, 176 Keel Tuff Bed 274-5, 276 Beenmore Sandstone Formation 175, 176, 177 Killeen Tufts 273 4 Farran Formation 158, 160 Lough Guitane Volcanic Complex 272 4 Kilmurry 178 Moll's Gap Quarry 274 Sauce Creek Formation 167 Reenagaveen microflora 275-7, 279 Smerwick Group 169 subsidence rate 291,297, 298 Foilcoagh Bay Beds, Sherkin Formation 251,319, 320 geochronometric dating 319 anoxic conditions of deposition 327-8 Glandahalin Formation 150, 250 Conodont Zone 325 Glashabeg Formation 150, 154, 187, 188 see also lithofacies 321-3, 322 Dingle Basin conglomerates marine influence 327-30 Glen Turret outlier (Lower Old Red Sandstone) 420, palaeoenvironments 321,323 5 424, 429 palynology 321,322, 323, 324, 325-7, 329 Gondwana 32, 34, 47 pyritized spores 327 8 Gorgonisphaeridium sp. 327, 329 Foilnamahagh Formation 123, 125 6, 138, 150 Gosslingia breconensis 455, 456 Fraenkelryggen Formation 571 Gosslingia sp. 356 Franklinian Mobile Belt 580 Freshwater East Formation 373 Grampian Orogeny 32, 49 Freshwater West Formation 380 Gramscatho Basin 242 Friedrichbreen Anticline 573, 574-6, 578 Grandispora cf. megajbrmis 289, 290 Friedrichbreen Fault 574 5, 576 8 Grandispora inculta 289, 325 Grandispora saetosa 325 Galtees-Ballyhoura Mountains anticline 242 Grandispora tomentosa 325 Garvock Group 422, 426 Grangegeeth Terrane 216 Gasp6 Bay, Quebec see land plants Gray Sandstone Group 37, 150, 343-53 Gauss Complex 46 facies associations 350 Geminospora boleta 291 palaeogeography 344 Geminospora lemurata 289, 290, 291, 325, 329, 477, trace fossil assemblage 348, 349 478, 479 Great Conglomerate 428 Geminospora plicata 325 Grey Hoek Formation 573, 585 7, 591 Geminospora sp. 477, 478 Greywacke Conglomerate 428, 463, 467 Generalfjella Formation 574 Groenlandaspis 558 Genvejsdalen Member, Vilddal Group 543, 551 Gupton Formation 403, 406 geochronology (U-Pb) in Munster Basin 269-98, 270 basin duration 291,298 biostratigraphy 289-91 Hangman Sandstone Group 44 Derryreag microflora 291 Hasteinen Basin 45 Moll's Gap Quarry microflora 289-91 Haysites cf. thomasi 198 Reenagaveen microflora 289, 290 Heterolithic Member, Bull's Head Formation 132-3, Sauripterus sp. 293 134, 135, 141

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Highland Border Complex 418,422,423,424, 425, 459, Killeen Volcanic Centre 271, 272-3, 306, 310 461,468 Kilmurry Sandstone Formation 150, 178, 188, 190, Highland Boundary Fault 40, 48, 49, 52, 418,420, 422, 207, 209 423, 424, 425, 430, 486 aeolian deposits 178, 179, 190, 207, 209 Hitra Basin 47 Kiltorcan Formation 249, 333-40 Hitra Formation 42 Kiltorcan Formation, palaeoenvironment of plant- Holcospirifer bigugosus 138 bearing horizons 333-40 Holoptychius sp. 402, 403, 409, 558, 560 miospores 334, 337-9 Horbyebreen Formation 605, 606 8 New Quarry 333, 334, 335-6, 336 Hornelen Basin 45, 503, 505, 507, 514, 519 Old Plant Quarry 333, 334, 335 Horneophyton lignieri 361,453-4 palynofacies assemblages 338, 339 Horneophyton sp. 449 pedogenic slickensides 335-6 Horses Glen Lower Tufts 274, 277, 285, 286-8, 293 4, Roadstone Quarry 333, 334, 336 7, 336 298 sedimentological facies analysis 334-7, 335, 336 Horses Glen Upper Tufts 274 Kinnesswood Formation 485 Horses Glen Volcanic Centre 271, 272-4, 293-4, 294, Kinsale Formation 253, 311 306 Kirkcohn Formation 468 Huvenia sp. 67, 74 Krossl]orden Group 570, 573 Hystricosporites delectabilis 325 Krosst]orden Terrane 570, 575, 580, 582 Kvamshesten Basin 45, 503 6, 507, 508, 509, 524 see Iapetus Ocean 32-3, 49, 123, 465, 580 also Kvamshesten Group architecture Iapetus Suture 32-3, 38, 40, 52, 123, 124, 141-2, 186, Kvamshesten Group architecture (mid-Devonian) 186 503 31 Iapetus Suture Zone 147, 186, 190, 216, 218 climatic fluctuations 520 chronostratigraphy 216-18, 217 geological setting 505-6, 507 geology 187 Devonian basins of western Norway 504, 505-6 Ichthyostega tetrapod remains 557-60, 558, 561 5, 562 Kvamshesten basin 506, 507, 508, 509 Ichthyostegopsis tetrapod remains 558 Milankovitch time-band 520 Igneous Conglomerate 467 sedimentary architecture of the Kvamshesten Group igneous rocks in Ireland (Upper Palaeozoic) 304, 307 506-16 Inch Conglomerate Formation 150, 178, 179, 188, 190, applications to Kvanshesten basin 528 31 243, 246, 249 see also Dingle Basin conglo- central fluvial sandstones 509-13 merates concepts of sequence stratigraphy 521 4, 523, 524 Indotriradites explanatus 337 deformation above ramp-flat detachment 526 8, Inishnabro Formation 141,150 529, 531 Inishvickillane Formation 128, 130, 150 landsliding 520 1 Inishvickillane Island 130, 138 lithofacies associations and architecture 506, 510, Insculptospora confossa 477, 478,478 511, 512, 516-19, 516, 517 Islandeady Group 41 marginal fan complexes 506-9, 511 Islay Subgroup 111 progradation and marginal facies retreat 520 1 Iveragh Peninsula 190, 313 rhythmicity and rhythmites 513-15, 520 1,528 Iveragh-Derrynasaggarts region 271 2 sequence stratigraphic model, Kvamshesten basin 524 6, 524 Jarvikia 558, 563 systems tracts (fluvial sequences) 522 6, 522, 524, 528 30, 531 Kap Bull Formation 540-1,543, 550-1 tectonic contributions to rhythmicity 520-1 Kap Graah Group 538, 558-9 unconformities 515 16, 524 Kap Kolthoff Group 538 41,543, 544, 545, 548 Keadew Formation 40-1 Lack Formation 150, 188, 190 Keel Tuff Bed gee Keel-Enagh Tuff Bed Lanark Basin 40 Keel-Enagh Tuff Bed 218, 243, 271, 274-5, 277, 282, Lanark Group 462 282 3, 285, 288 9, 306, 310 land plants (Early Devonian), Gasp6 Bay, Qu6bec age 170, 190, 293, 298 61 82,62 correlation of Keel and Enagh Tufts 291-4, 292, 298 facies associations 63, 73, 80-2 stratigraphical context 276 marine influence 69, 70, 74, 77-80 Kenmare Syncline 297, 312 methodology 62 Kilcrohane Anticline 273, 274 palaeocurrents 66-7, 68-9, 71-2, 73-5, 74, 77 Kilcullen Group 202 palaeoecology 70-1, 77 8, 80 2, 80, 81 Killarney-Mallow Fault 223, 225, 228 30, 233-5, 242, palaeoenvironments 63, 68 70, 74, 76-7, 78, 80-2, 246, 250, 272, 273 80, 81 Killeen Tufts 273, 274, 277, 285-6, 293, 298 palaeosols 74, 79

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plant remains 67-8, 70-1, 74, 75, 80-2 Lower Old Red Sandstone, Pantymaes Quarry see roots 67, 74, 76, 82 Pantymaes Quarry quantitative interpretation of thick sandstones 71-2 Lower Old Red Sandstone, Midland Valley 417, sedimentology 63-78, 64, 73 418-19, 422-30, 431 thick sandstone bodies 64-72, 65, 66 calcrete 406, 426, 431 thin sandstones and mudstones 67-72, 72-8 conglomerates 420, 423-4, 426, 428, 431,434 stratigraphic setting 63 Dalradian basement provenance 420 trace fossils 76, 76, 78 interbedded lavas 420, 422, 423, 428,431 vertical variations 78-80, 79 Lanark basin 420, 428-9 Landing Place Formation 130, 150 lavas interbedded with conglomerates 422, 423, 428 Laurentia-Baltica collision 33 4, 47, 51,186, 552, 569, palaeoflow directions 420, 421, 422, 428 580 recycled sediments (clasts) 420, 423-4, 431,434 Laurentia-Eastern Avalonia 32-3, 52, 123, 141, 185 rejuvenation of source by faulting 423,431,432 Laurentian plate 32, 47, 417 sediment bars, Garvock Group 426-8, 427 Leinster Batholith 202 sediment sources 420, 424-5 Leinster Massif 201,207, 216, 412 sedimentary basins 420, 422, 423,431 Leinster Terrane 38, 202, 216-17, 245-6 strike-slip fault control 423, 428,430, 432 Leiosphaeridia sp. 327, 329 Strathmore basin 420, 422, 423, 424, 426, 429 Lepidocaris sp. 444, 447, 457 Lower Old Red Sandstone sedimentology and flood- Lepidodendropsis aft. L. hirmeri 334, 336 plain architecture see Moor Cliffs Formation, Liefde Bay Supergroup 570 Lower Old Red Sandstone Lilljeborgt]ellet Formation 570 Ludlow Bone Bed 37 limestone clasts in Lower Old Red Sandstone con- Lycopodium cernuum 456 glomerates 459-69 biostratigraphy 462, 463, 465 Magdalen Basin (Eastern Canada) chronostratigraphy 461 fault adjustments to magma intrusion 311 conodont colour alteration index 465-7 magmatic evolution 311, 312 conodont faunas 461,463,463, 465, 465, 466, 467-8 magmatism in Munster Basin 303-14, 304, 305, 307 depth of burial 465 basin inversion 306, 313 faunal similarity analysis 463-5, 467 basin sedimentation and tectonic control 306 fossiliferous limestone clasts 459-63 basin subsidence 3 i 3 Lanark Basin 459, 462 3, 465 buried granite 228, 232-4 Pentlands Sub-basin 463 crustal stretching and lithospheric thinning 312 13, Strathmore Basin 459-62, 465 314 geological setting 460 geochemical discriminant diagrams 308 9, 309 lithostratigraphy 461 magmatic evolution 308-9, 311, 312 13, 314 source of southerly-derived conglomerates 467 8 mantle melts 232 terrane analysis 468 metamorphic grade 303, 306 Lindsway Bay Formation 352-3 radiometric dating (K-Ar) 305 Lingula sp. 77 thermal effects of intrusions 306, 308 Lintrathen outlier (Lower Old Red Sandstone) 420, tuff layers 310-11,310, 313 422, 424, 429 Variscan deformation 303, 305, 313 Lintrathen porphyry (ignimbrite) 420, 422, 430 see also Beara Peninsula Llanddeusant Formation 391 Malbaie Formation 35, 36, 179 Llanishen Conglomerate 37 Mangerton Anticline 271, 272-3, 274, 297 Lobster Pot Tuff 349-50 Margie Limestone Formation 468 Lophonozontriletes media 325, 329 marine sedimentation transitional to Old Red Sand- Lophozonotriletes 606 stone, Pembrokeshire 343 53 Lorne Basin 40 environment of deposition 344 Lough Guitaine volcanism, Munster Basin 249-50, regional setting 343-4, 344 271,294, 306, 310, 311 sedimentology of valley fills 345-8 Lough Guitane Volcanic Complex 272-4, 293-4, 298 soft-sediment deformation 347-8, 349 Volcanic Complex stratigraphy 273 spatial distribution of incised valleys 348-50 Lough Guitane-west Iveragh correlation 293 4, 294 tidal channels 350 Lough Slat Conglomerate Formation 150, 188, 248, valley fill 5 and Lower Old Red Sandstone 350-2 249 Marloes Peninsula 343, 344, 348, 350-3 Lower Dingle Group, stratigraphy and depositional Meguma Terrane 50 facies 132-8 Melby Formation 474, 475, 481 Lower Eday Sandstone Formation 479, 480 Meunsteria sp. 100 Lower Farran Member, Farran Formation 154, 165 Micrhystridium sp. 327 Lower Limestone Shales 150, 188, 401,403 Micrornatus newportensis zone 391

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Midland Valley see Old Red Sandstone of Midland depocentres 224, 233-4 Valley granite-cored horst 232, 233, 235 Midland Valley Basin 49, 51-2 mantle melts 232 Midland Valley Terrane 459-69 regional tectonic synthesis 232-5 Milford Haven Group 37, 405 rhythmites 520 Mill Cove Formation 128, 129-30, 131, 138, 140, 150 tectonic evolutionary model 231 Milton Ness see calcrete morphology underlying granite 232-3, 235 Mimerdalen Formation 573, 585-8, 590, 596, 603, wide-angle seismic study see VARNET-96 605-6, 608 Munster Basin marine incursion 224, 319-31,412 Mimerelva Syncline 590, 597 fluvial drainage pattern 328-30, 412 miospores mid-Frasnian sea-level maxima 328-31 Carrigduff Group 155, 189 palaeogeography 328-31 Dingle Group 153, 187-8 stratigraphy 320-1,320 Foilcoagh Bay Beds 325-6 Murospora aurita 607 Kiltorcan Formation assemblages 334, 337-9 Murospora sp. 607 Moll's Gap Quarry 289-91,290, 294, 298 Munster Basin assemblages 310-11 Nidedalenn Anticline 590 Red Marl Group 391 Nier Sandstone Group 251 Skrinkle Sandstone 409-10 Nord0ord-Sogn detachment 33, 45, 48, 505 Slea Head Formation ! 24, 188 geology and associated basins 504 miospores (Givetian), Walls Group 473-81 North Devon Basin 44, 50 environment of deposition 479, 480 North Greenland Fold Belt 580 geological setting 474, 475 Northern Appalachians 50 see also Devonian rivers material and methods 474-6, 475, 476 and coasts; land plants (Early Devonian) miospore assemblage 476-9 Northwest Dingle Domain (ORS), Dingle Peninsula palynofacies and miospore palaeoecology 479-80 147-81 previous palaeontological studies 474 Ballydavid Formation 166-7 significance of Givetian age 480-1 chronostratigraphy 152 Moll's Gap Quarry 270 Dingle Group 149-53, 155 miospore assemblage 289-91,290, 294, 298 age determination 153 Moor Cliffs Formation, Lower Old Red Sandstone 371 Farran Formation see Farran Formation carbonate nodules (pedogenic) 373, 377-8, 379, geology 148, 149 381-3 lithostratigraphy 148, 149, 151, 153 climate 379-81,383, 385 Pointagare Group see Pointagare Group floodplain facies association 380, 381-3, 385 previous work 148-9 aggredation 383 Sauce Creek Formation 150, 154, 155, 158, 166, fluvial facies association 380-1 167-8 channel systems 380, 384, 385 Smerwick Group 149, 151, 155, 158 lithofacies 375 age determination 154 conglomerates 375-6 lateral facies variations 160 fine-grained sediments 376 palaeogeography 162-4 sandstones 376 stratigraphy 153-5, 166, 167 volcanic ash 376 structural relations with adjacent sequences 151 palaeosols (Vertisols) 373, 377-9, 381-5 Nothia sp. 449 variations in development 383-5, 384 vertical cyclicity 384, 394 Ochil-Sidtaw anticline 422 sedimentology 371-3, 375-9 Old Head Sandstone Formation 253, 311,328, 330 stratigraphy 371-3, 374 Old Red Sandstone basins, kinematics and dynamics structural and tectonic setting 373-5 29-52 trace fossils and bioturbation 376-7, 381-2 basin-forming mechanisms 29-3 t, 30 vegetation, influence on fluvial processes 379-80, developments in ORS understanding 31-2 383, 385 North Atlantic ORS basins 34-46, 35 Morte Slates 330 Anglo-Welsh 37-8 Moygara Formation 40 Baltic States 45-6 Munindalen Thrust 590-1,606, 608 Catskill foreland basin 42 Munster Basin see extensional subsidence in Munster Dingle 38-40 Basin; geochronology (U-Pb) in Munster Basin; East Greenland 46 magmatism in Munster Basin Kvamshesten 45 Munster Basin development 50, 52, 175, 223-35 Maritime Canada 35-6 Ambassador Meelin No. 1 well 228-9 Midland Valley of Scotland 40-1 basin fill d6collement 227, 229, 235 Munster 42-4

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North Devon-South Wales 44 Cap-aux-Os Member, Gasp6 Bay 66-7, 68-9, 71-2, Norway 41-2, 45 73 5, 74, 77 Orcadian Basin 41, 44 5 Catskill foreland basin 42, 88, 91-2, 94, 97, 98-101 South Devon-Trevone Basin 36 Dingle Basin 127, 135, 138, 205, 206, 233 Spitsbergen 42, 46 East Greenland Basin 540, 564 orogenic framework and timing 32-4 Gauss Complex 46 Caledonides 32-4, 33 Gray Sandstone Group, Marloes Peninsula 349, 350, Ellesmerides 33, 34 352 Variscides 33, 34 Kvamshesten Group 505, 509, 518, 519, 526 plate boundary and orogenic context 46-52 Lanark Basin 462 Late Caledonian flexural basins 49 50 Milton Ness 487 Orcadian basin, NE Scotland 48-9 Moor Cliffs Formation 373, 376, 380 orogen-scale sediment dispersal 51-2 Pointagare Group 175 Scottish Midland Valley 49 Sherkin Formation 328 syn- to post-Scandian basins 47 8 Skrinkle Sandstone 405,406, 407, 407, 409, 411,515 Syn-Variscan extensional basins 50-1 palaeoenvironments Old Red Sandstone deformation, NW Spitsbergen Foilcoagh Bay Beds 323-5 567-82 Kiltorcan Formation 334, 336-40 Andr6e Land Group 575 Pantymaes Quarry 392-9 basin development and deformation 575-80 Red Marls, central South Wales 391 Haakonian deformation phase 569, 573, 575-6, Sherkin Formation 321 580, 582 Skrinkle Sandstone 407, 409 Monacobreen phase 576-9, 580, 582 Palaeofavosites rugosus 198 Svalbardian phase 579-82 palaeomagnetism 32, 47, 48, 48, 116-17, 551 Biskayerhalvoya terrane 570-1, 573, 575, 576 Palaeonitella sp. 444, 454 Friedrichbreen Fault 574 5, 576 8 palaeosols, Cap-aux-Os Member 74 links to Ellesmerian and Caledonian orogens 580-2, palaeosols, Catskill facies, Eastern USA 93-4 581 palaeosols, Moor Cliffs Formation metamorphism 570 characteristic features 377-9, 379 radiometric dating 570 pedogenic slickensides 335 6, 373, 377-9, 382, 383 regional setting 568, 569-73 variations in development 381,383-5 environment of deposition 571-3 Vertisols 373, 377-9, 381-5, 384 ORS stratigraphy 570-3, 571 palaeowinds 166, 169, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179 pre-ORS basement 569 70 palynology, Sherkin Formation 325 Siktetjellet Group 569, 570 1, 573, 573, 574, 585 palynomorphs 326-7 structure 568, 573-5, 573 Foilcoagh Bay Beds 325 7 Friedrichbreen Anticline 573, 574-6 Red Marl Group 391 large-scale folding 573 4 Panderodus sulcatus 465 rotated fault blocks 574~ 576-8, 576 Pantymaes Quarry 389-99, 389~ 390 terrane movements 580 architecture of Mudstone Facies Association 396 9 Old Red Sandstone of Midland Valley 49, 417--34 architecture of Sandstone Facies Association 393-6, Ayr-Ochil-Sidlaw volcanic axis 420, 429, 434 397-9 Dalradian block convergent on Midland Valley 424, channel complexes 393-7 426, 430, 434 fluvial development 397-9, 398 Dalradian (Southern Highland) 420 Mudstone Facies Association 389, 392, 396 distribution 418, 419, 486 palaeoenvironment 392 9 flanking blocks 420 plant material, Pantymaes 391,393, 394, 397 large-scale drainage 426, 427- 8, 430, 431,434 Sandstone Facies Association 389, 392, 396 outliers (Glen Turret and Lintrathen) 420, 424, 429 sedimentary facies 392 3, 397-9 Southern Uplands 420 tectonic control of fluvial development 397-9, 398 Strathmore syncline 418, 419, 422-6, 422, 434 Paraconglomerate Member, Bull's Head Formation upward-maturing sequence 432, 434 see also Lower 132, 133, 135 Old Red Sandstone; Upper Old Red Sandstone Parka decipiens 391,393, 394 Orcadian Basin 44-5, 48 9, 481 Pearya terrane 34, 569, 580 marine incursion 330 Peleo,podichnus sp. 68 microfloras 479, 480 Penstrowed Grits Formation 350 Mid-Devonian stratigraphy 480 Pentamerus oblongus 198 Periodon aculeatus 461,463, 463 palaeocurrents Phycodes sp. 101 Ballymastucker 113-14, 120 phytoclasts 326-7 Beenmore Sandstone Formation 177 Pickwell Down Sandstone 35, 44

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Pigeon Rock Formation 244 Retusotriletes pychovii 289, 290, 325 Pinus contorta 456 Retusotriletes rotundus 478 Planolites sp. 78, 100-1, 348, 351 Retusotriletes rugulatus 477, 478 Planteklofta Member, Mimerdalen Formation 588, Retusotriletes simplex 291 590, 596, 603-5, 605-8 Retusotriletes sp. 361, 364 Planteryggen Member, Mimerdalen Formation 588, Rhabdosporites langii 478, 479 596, 606 Rhabdosporites parvulus 289, 325 Pointagare Group 154-5, 155, 168-9, 170-80, 188-9, Rhacophyton sp. 339 188 Rhacopteris sp. 336 age determination 170, 180 Rheic Ocean 34, 51,217, 328, 552 Beenaman Conglomerate Formation 170-3, 173, 179 Rhipidium cf. hibernicum 205 Beenmore Sandstone Formation 170 3, 172 Rhipidium hibernicum 131, 138 depositional synthesis 176-8 Rhynia gwynne-vaughanii 446, 453, 454, 455 fluvial-aeolian succession 172-3, 174-5, 176-8 Rhynia sp. 447, 449 lateral facies variations 171 Rhynie cherts, palaeoecology and plant succession palaeocurrents 175 439-57, 440 palaeogeography 172, 178-80 borehole materials 440 2 stratigraphy 149, 167, 170 depositional environments 444 Polonodus sp. 461,463 favoured conditions of Rhynie plants 453-5 Port Askaig Tillite Formation 111 hydrothermal systems, environments 446-9 Portmagee Anticline 275, 277 lithologies 441, 442-4 prasinophyte phycoma 327 chert 442, 442, 445 prasinophytes 327 palaeontology 443, 450 Princesse Alicefjellet Formation 571 2, 574 plant occurrences and successions 449, 452, 453 Protopanderodus graeai 463, 465 previous palaeoecological interpretations 442 Protopanderodus varicostatus 465 radiometric age 439 Prototaxites sp. 68, 71, 81 silicification and plant accumulation 444 6 Pseudosphaerexochus? sp. 463 preservation states 444 Psilophyton spp. 67, 74 spore assemblages 448, 449-53, 455 Pterygotus gaspesiensis 77 typicality of Rhynie assemblage 455-7 Punctatisporites minutus 291 Ribband Group 202, 207 Punctatisporites planus 291 Richarddalen Complex 570 Punctatisporites sp. 289 Ridgeway Conglomerate 37, 380, 401,403, 405 Pygodus anserinus 463,463 Riedel shears 112, 115, 119, 538, 542, 545, 551 Pygodus serra 463, 463 Ringerike Group 41, 47 Ronas Hill Granite 481 Quartzite Conglomerate 467 Rooks Cave Tuff 375, 376, 381,384 roots and rhizomes Rabotdalen Formation 571 Catskill facies, Eastern USA 88-9, 93, 99 101 radiometric dating Gasp6 Bay 67, 74, 76, 82 East Greenland Basin 538 Milton Ness 496-9, 497 Enagh Tuff Bed 190 Rosscarbery Anticline 320 Fintona Basin 41 Rosslare Complex 214 Munster Basin 305, 310 Rosslare Terrane 216 ORS basement, NW Spitsbergen 570 Rugospora bricei 289, 290, 291,325, 329 Raudfjorden Syncline 574-5, 577-8 Rawns Conglomerate Formation 35, 44 St Finan's Sandstone Formation 271,275, 277, 292 Reacaslagh Conglomerate 249 fish beds 275 Red Bay Group 35, 42, 568-70, 573-82, 573, 585, 591, fluvial environment 294 594, 595-6 lithofacies 188, 279 Red Cliff Formation 351,352-3 St Maughans Formation 391 Red Marl Group (Dittonian) 391 Salopella sp. 361,364, 366 Reenadrolaun Tuff 277, 279, 282-3, 293 Samarisporites triangulatus 289, 290, 325, 329 Reenagaveen miospore assemblage 289, 290, 293, 298 Sandness Formation 473-8, 475, 480 1,480 Remigolepis 558 Sandsting Granite Complex 473, 476, 481 Remigolepis Series 558, 560 Sandy Haven Formation 373 Renalia hueberi 67 Sauce Creek Formation 150, 154, 155, 167-8 Reticulatisporites cancellatus 607 fluvial-aeolian deposits 167, 168, 169 Retispora lepidophyta 337, 338, 606, 608 stratigraphy 158, 166, 167 Retispora macroreticulata 337 Sawdonia ornata 67, 74, 75 Retusotriletes distinctus 478 Scandian Orogeny 33, 45, 47, 52

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Schivefjellet rotated block 574, 576, 577 fluvial-aeolian processes 156, 169-70 Sciadophyton spp. 67, 74, 75, 80, 456 lateral facies variations 160 Scout Hill Flags 35, 49 palaeogeography 162-4 Senni Beds 37 stratigraphy 153-5, 166, 167, 170, 173 Lower Old Red Sandstone (Breconian) 35, 389, 391, Smerwick Group Terrane 154, 169, 175 394, 399 Soederberghia 558 Sennicaulis sp. 356 Solund Basin 45, 505 Shannon Trough 232 South Munster Basin 42, 224, 328 Sherkin Formation 242, 251,263, 319, 320, 328 Cork-Kenmare Line 224 Chondrites sp. 321 depocentre 234 palaeocurrents 328 rifting phase 253, 262 palaeoenvironment 321 Variscan deformation 225, 227-9 palynology 325 Southern Uplands 467-8 Shinnel Formation 465, 467-8 erosional history 420, 428 Siktefjellet anticline 573-4 Spelaeotriletes spp. 338 Siktefjellet Group 35, 42, 569, 570-1,573,573, 574-5, Spenopteris sp. 333 576, 580, 582, 585 Spermolithus devonicus 333-4 Simpson coefficient of similarity 463, 466, 467, 468 Sphaerexochus sp. 463 Skolithos sp. 68, 74, 76, 76, 78, 99-101,348, 349, 351 Sphenopteris hookeri 333 Skomer Basin 344, 353 Spinodus spinatus 463, 463 Skomer Volcanic Group 142, 344, 352 Spirophyton sp. 101 Skrinkle Sandstone fault-bounded basin fill 35, 44, Spongiophyton sp. 68, 71, 81 401-15 Stenopora fribosa 198 axial basin fill 405-6, 412 Stensi6 Bjerg Formation (East Greenland) 558, 561,564 Broad Haven fault block 403, 404 Stinchar Limestone 463, 464, 465, 467 Carboniferous transgression 407 l 1,409 Stonehaven Group 459 channel deposits 405, 407 Strachanognathus parvus 463, 463 conglomerate clasts 406-7, 407 Strathmore Basin 40, 49, 420, 422, 423, 424, 426, 429, Conglomerate Member, West Angle Formation 459 62, 465 410, 411 Strathmore Group 423, 426 depositional environments 412, 414, 415 Strathmore syncline 418, 419, 422 6, 422, 425 geological setting 401-5, 402 Streelispora newportensis 366-8 Gupton Formation 403,405, 405, 406, 409, 411,412 Stromness Flagstone Formation 479 lithostratigraphy 404 Strophomena depressa 198 Lower Limestone Shales 401,408-9 Svalbardian deformation of Old Red Sandstone, NW Lower Sandstone Member, Gupton Formation Spitsbergen 585-99 405-6, 405, 406 age of deformation 589 palaeocufrents 405, 406, 407, 407, 409, 411,415 Biskayerfonna-Holtedahlfonna Horst 591,595 palaeoenvironment 407, 409 Blomstrandhalvoya Thrust Zone 589, 594 5, 598 palaeogeography 402 Bravallal]ella Fold Zone 589, 591,593, 598 Red-Grey Member, West Angle Formation 407-8, Bravallafjella Syncline 591,593 410-11,412, 413, 414 Dickson Land Fold-and-Thrust Zone 589, 589, Ridgeway Conglomerate 401,405, 406 590-1,598, 598 Ritec Fault 401,403, 404, 406, 407, 411 12 geological setting 585 8, 586, 588 spore data 409-10 Germaniahalvoya Fold-and-Thrust Zone 589, Stackpole Sandstone Member, Gupton Formation 591-2, 593, 595, 598, 598 405, 406, 407; 408 Mitrahalvoya Thrust Zone 589, 595, 596, 598 stratigraphy 403, 403, 405 stratigraphy 585-8, 587 Tenby-Angle fault block 403, 404, 405, 407, 411 Svalbardian Fold-and-Thrust Belt 590 2, 598 Townsend Tuff Bed 403, 404 tectonic maps 586, 592 transverse basin fill 406-7, 412 Viggobreen weathering zone 594-5 West Angle Formation 403, 406,407-8,407, 411, 412 Svalbardian deformation, palynological dating 603-8 Winsle fault block 403, 404, 411,412 geological setting 603 5, 604, 605 Slea Head Formation 124, 149, 150, 153, 187, 188 see Planteklofta Member 605-6, 606 also Dingle Basin conglomerates Triungun Member 606-8, 607 Slieve Mish Group 35, 44, 155, 188, 189-90, 248, 249 Swanshaw Formation 428 Slieve Tooey Quartzite Fotanation 109, 11 l, 114-15, 118 Slievenamuck Formation 246 Tarella sp. 355 Smerwick Group 149, 151, 155, 158, 188, 188, 202 Temeside Formation 385 age determination 154, 180 Templetown Conglomerate Formation 250 depositional synthesis 168-70 Tenby-Angle basin 401

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Termon Pelite Formation 112, 114 Variscan deformation tetrapod remains, ichthyostegid 564 dated (K-Ar) 272 Thecia sp. 198 Munster Basin 225, 227-9, 234-5, 239, 242-6, 272, Theic Ocean 34 303, 305, 313 Thursophyton sp. 480 Pembroke Peninsula 403-5 Toe Head Formation 253, 319 Variscan Orogeny 32, 34, 47, 552 Tornquist Line 33 VARNET-96 seismic survey, Munster Basin 221-35 Tortilicaulis offaeus 360, 365 data acquisition 225 Tortilicaulis sp. 366 data limitations 226 Tortworth inlier volcanic suite 142 interpretation of velocity models 226, 227-32 Townsend Tuff Bed 373, 403, 404 Line A 228-30 Trabane Member, Bull's Head Formation 132, 133, Line B 230-2, 231 134, 135, 141 methodology and modelling 225-6 see also Munster Trabeg Conglomerate Formation 39, 135, 138, 141, Basin development 150, 169, 187, 188 see also Dingle Basin conglo- vegetation merates Milton Ness 492-3, 496-9 trace fossils Moor Cliffs Formation 379-80, 383 East Greenland 559, 564 vegetation on Old Red Sandstone Continent 355-68 Gasp6 Bay 76, 76, 78 genus Emphanisporites 356-8, 367 Gray Sandstone Group 348, 349 mesofossils and spores 358-65 Moor Cliffs Formation 376-7, 381-2 cf. Horneophyton sp. 358 9, 359, 363, 364 Pantymaes Quarry 391,393, 397, 398 Emphanisporites cf. micrornatus 359 63 Trentishoe Formation 35, 44 Emphanisporites sp. A 362, 363-5, 364 Trevone Basin 36, 51-2, 242 methodologies 356 Trichopherophyton sp. 449 new material 355-6 Trichopherophyton teuchansii 454-5 palaeoecology and taphonomy 365-8 Triglochin maritima 455, 456 preparation procedures 358 Trileites langii 478 Verruccosisporites nitidus 338 Trimerophyton 67, 74 Verruciretusispora dubia 478 Trimerophyton robustius 75 Verruciretusispora sp. 289, 290 Triungen Member, Horbyebreen Formation 603-5, Verrucosisorites bulliferus 289, 290, 291,325 606-8 Verrucosisporites premnus 477, 478 Tulerpeton tetrapod remains (Russia) 557 Verrucosisporites scurrus 478 Tumulispora appendica 607 Veryhacium sp. 327 Tumulispora rarituberculata 607 Videospora glabrimarginata 325 Turnulispora variverrucata 607 Vilddal Supergroup (East Greenland) 35, 46, 538, Tweedale Member, Wrae Limestone 468 540-1,543, 543, 544, 548, 552, 559

Upper Eday Sandstone Formation 480 Walliserodus costatus 465 Upper Farran Member, Farran Formation 154, 165 Walliserodus nakhholmensis 465 Upper Gasp6 Limestone Group 35, 36 Walls Formation 473-4, 475, 476-8, 480-1 Upper Old Red Sandstone, Midland Valley 417, 418, Walls Group 473-4, 474, 476 430-1,431-2 Welsh Basin 343, 350, 352-3 catiche 430 structural controls on bathymetry 344 palaeoflow directions 430, 431 Wenall Fault 403 sediment bar (Seamill) 432 West Angle Formation 403, 406 sediment bars 430 1 Western Avalonia 32-3, 50 upward-fining sequence 430-1,433, 434 Wideroefjella rotated block 574, 576-8 Usk Basin 344 Wijde Bay Formation 573, 585-7, 591 Uskiella spargens 355 Wimans Bjerg Formation (East Greenland) 558, 559, 564 Winsle Inlier 352 Valentia Harbour magmatism, Munster Basin 249, Wood Bay Formation 35, 51, 569, 573, 578, 585-7, 306~7, 310, 311-13 590, 591, 595-6, 603, 606-8 Valentia Slate Formation 188, 249, 271,275, 276, Woolhope Basin 344 319 Wordiekammen Formation 603 fish beds 275, 276, 293 Wrae Limestone 461,464, 465, 467-8 Keel-Enagh Tuff Bed 274-5, 276, 277, 292-3 Wulffberget Formation 571, 573, 574 lithofacies 279 miospore assemblage 289, 290 York River Formation 36 Puffin Sound Tuff Bed 249, 275 Valentia Harbour-Beginish Island volcanics 277 Zosterophyllum, llanoveranum 355

Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/4533524/9781862394285_backmatter.pdf by guest on 01 October 2021 New Perspectives on the Old Red Sandstone

edited by Peter F. Friend (University of Cambridge, UK)

and

Brian P. J. Williams (University of Aberdeen, UK)

From the 1960s onwards, the Old Red Sandstone of both borders of the Atlantic Ocean has acted as a test-bed for the development of new ideas on the interpretation of fluvial, lacustrine and aeolian sedimentary rocks, and the investigation of tectonically-active basins. Much of the earlier reconnaissance work is now being reviewed in the light of further detailed field study, along with new developments in the understanding of the biostratigraphy, palaeobiology, geochronology, pedogenesis and tectonics.

Three general papers review recent work on the stratigraphical and chronological analysis of the Late Silurian, Devonian and Early Carboniferous strata, and summarize present understanding of the tectonics of the basins. These are then followed by twenty-seven contributions covering new work in Eastern USA, Canada, Ireland, Britain, Norway, Greenland and Spitsbergen.

9 610pages 9over 200 illustrations; several in colour 9 30papers 9index

Visit our on-line bookshop: http://bookshop.geolsoc.org.uk

ISBN 1-86239-071-I Cover illustration: Vertical Lower Old Red Sandstone - Moor Cliffs and Freshwater West Formations (younging to left), Conigar Pit, near Manorbier, South Pembrokeshire, Wales. (see Love & Williams this volume) !HI!!!HIIU!!!!ILIII

Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/4533524/9781862394285_backmatter.pdf by guest on 01 October 2021