~~ 1966 VCl.Xl ~. B VOLUME XI NUMBER 8 AUGUST, 1966

COVER: •••• " STAT I ON 1 " ToM MEADOR AT ONE oF THE MANY ENTRANCES TO THE SERIES OF SHELTERS KNOWN AS THE "PAINTED CAVES 11 NEAR DEL RIO. AT ONE TIME THESE SHELTERS CONTAINED MANY PICTOGRAPHS, BUT NOW ARE COMPLETELY VANDALIZED. PERSONS WITH INFORMATION ON INDIAN SHELTERS SHOULD GET IN TOUCH WITH TOM PRONTO SINCE HE IS COMPILING INFOR­ MATION ON INDIAN SHELTERS FOR A FOURTHCOMING ARTICLE- PERHAPS TO APPEAR IN THE NSS BULLETIN. PHoTo BY CARL KuNATH. (NtKON F, ADox KB-17 FILM IN D-76.)

CONTENTS:

PAGE

95 LAVA CAVES PART 2 BY NAN LINDSLEY

99 ABILENE G~OTTO CHECKS THE HILLS BY JIM ESTES

101 P~OJECT UNDE~ THE HILL BY CARL KUNATH '

102 GROTTO NEWS

THE TEXAS CAVER IS A MONTHLY PUBLICATION OF THE TEXAS SPELEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION AND IS PUBLISHED IN DALLAS, TEXAS. MATERIAL FOR PUBLICAT I ON SHOULD BE TYPED DOUBLE-SPACED AND SENT TO THE EDITO~ NO LATER THAN THE 1sT OF THE MONTH OF ISSUE. THIS PUBLICATION IS

EXCHANGED WI TH OTHER SIM~LAR PUBLICATIONS 0~ SUBSCRIPTION IS $3.00 PER YEA~ FOR 12 1ssuEs.{9) 1966 BY THE TEXAS CAVER.

ED I TOR ••••••• • •••••••• PETE LINDSLEY GRoTTO NEws EDITOR •••• BE~T OLSEN AsstsTAND EDITOR •••••• CHUCK LARSEN PHHTO TIPS EDITO~ ••••• CARL KuNATH TYPIST •••••••••••••••• JACKLYN ROBINSON CuR~ENT EvENTS EDITOR •• JIM EsTES ARTWORK • ••••••••••••••NORMAN ROBINSON LITHOG~APHER •••••• B~YANT LILLY AssEMBLY ••• JACK & GLORIA BuRcH

NOTE8 ALL MONEY AND QUESTIONS FOR SUBSCRIPTIONS OR RENEWALS SHOULD BE SENT TO THE ASSISTANT EDITOR: CHUCK LARSEN, 12719 HIGHMEAOOW, DALLAS, TEXAS 75234. ALL GROTTO AND CLUB NEWS SHOULD BE SENT TO THE GROTTO NEWS EDITOR: BERT OLSEN, 222 MIZELL, DUNCANVILLE, TEXAS 75116.

OFFICERS OF THE TEXAS SPELEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE CURRENT YEAR AREg CHAIRMAN •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• CA~L KuNATH VICE CHAIRMAN ••••••••• . ••••••••••••••••• BILL RussELL SECRETARY-TREASU~ER ••••••••••••••••••••• OLLENE BUNDRANT 107 ToMAHAWK TRAIL, SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS 78232

HELP ~ !! PLEASE SEND us You~ ZIP CoDE IF IT IS NOT ON THE MAILING TAG. YOU CAN'T GET YOUR CAVE~ NEXT YEA~ WITHOUT A ZIP CODE~~! t THE TEXAS CAVER 9 PAGE 95 AuG UST, 1966 LAVA CAVES PART IT

! NT ERNAL FEATURES OF LAVA CAVES g Bv g NAN L I NDSLEY

STALACT i TES , AND SOMET! MES LA VA ON THE FLOOR STOPPED MO VI NG. STALAGMITES, ARE FOUND DN ALL TVPES WILL I AMS, IN HI S DESCR I P TI ON OF LAVA CAVES. AcCORD I NG TO OF THE LAVA RIVER TUNNEL (1923,

WE NTWORTH AND MACDON ALD (19539 P. 165), MENTIONS THAT THE WALLS AND Pu 54) LAVA STALAC T UTES MAY FORM ! N ROOF OF THE TUNNEL ARE GLAZED ON E OF TWO WilY So THE F I RST MOD E OV ER TO PRODUCE A FA i RL Y SMOO TH OF FORM AT i ON US BY TH£ DR~~P U NG OF SURFACE. STALACT i TES ARE COMMON

MO RE OR LESS FL UI D LAVA F ROM THE AN D ARE HI GHLY VES I CULAR I NS ! DE 9 THE WALL S AND ROO F , EITHER DUE TO A OUTS! DE BEl NG DENSE AND NONPOROU S. LOWER UNG OF THE LEVEL OF FLU i D VESICLES ARE OFTEN ELONGATE VERT i CALL Y. LAVA ! N THE T UNNEL~ OR ELSE F ROM SoME OF THE STALACT i TES ARE HOL LOW SPAT TER . STALACT UTES FORMED I N FOR SEVERAL INCHES OF THEIR LENGH T ,

TH I S WAY LOOK SOMEWHA T LI KE UC I CLES , WI TH LO ~ER END OF THE TUBE BE l NG ALTHOUGH THE Y ARE MORE IRREGULAR, AND OPEN . PERHAPS THESE "SODA- STRAWS" AN Y STALAGM iT ES TH AT FORM ARE PROBABL Y FORMED BY SOL I DIF I CAT I ON OF A CRUST

CA RR UED AWA Y BY THE ST I LL MOV I NG LAV A ON THE OUTS I OE 9 AFTER WHICH THE STREAMo THESE STAL AC TI TES ARE ST OLL L I QUID INTER I OR OF THE STALACT I TE GENER ALLY 6 TO 12 INCHES LONG, ORA l NED OUT • THOUGH RARELY THE Y MA Y BE AS MUC H AS TEAR-DROP-SHAPED OR BULBOUS J F EET LONG . STALACT I TES SEEM TO BE QU I TE COMMON . STALACT I TES MAY ALSO BE FORMED THEY FORM WHEN THE LAVA OF THE BY GAS- HE ATI NG I N A TUBE OR SPATTER STALACT I TE IS FLU I D ENOUGH TO FL OW CON E. AT TEMPERATURES UP TO 12QQ°C I NTO A DROP AT THE END BUT NOT FLU I D THE EXPOSED SURFACES ARE HEATED UNT IL ENOUGH TO FALL OFF. TEAR-DROP THE Y FLOW , PRODUC I NG STALACTI TES STALACTITES ARE MEN TI ONED BY RUSSEL WHi CH ARE USUALL Y NO MORE THAN Z -~ (1902, P.94) AS OCCURR I NG I N PRESSURE I NC HES THDCK, AL THOUGH THE Y MAY BE R I DGE CAVES OF THE SNAKE Ri VER ARE A, AS LONG AS 4 F EE T . THESE ST AL AC T OTES AND PECK (1962, P o 27) SPEAKS OF SHO W GREA T VARI ETV OF FORM o "BULBOUS LAVAL STALACT I TES" I N THE

THEY MA Y BE SM OOTH~ REG UL AR RODS 9 ARco TUNNEL LAvA TUBE I N I DAHo . OR THEY MA Y BE I ~;CL E - S HAF'E O . SoME SHARK gS TOOTH STALAC TI TES ARE

ARE L I KE ELONGA T E BUNCHES OF GRAPES 9 ANOTHER TYPE, APPEAR I NG AS FLATTENED OTHERS LOOK L I KE A NEST OF CO NTO RTED I Ci CLE-LIKE PROJECT I ONS WHI CH ARE WO RMS. FORMED BY THE PULL I NG APART OF TAFFY­

AT HA L EMA UMAU CR ATER ON KILAU EA9 LI KE LAVA. WENTWORTH AND MACDONAL D STALACT i T ES HAVE BEEN OBSERVED (1953, P. 57) DESCR I BE A WE I RD ACTU AL LY I N THE PROC ESS OF FORM ATI ON FEATU RE FOUND OCCASIONALL Y I N

BY WEN TWORTH AND MACDON ALD 9 WHO SAY8 I-lA WAI 1--"BARNACLE STALAGM IT ES"--­ "WH i L E THEY ARE ST I LL GLOW I NG HO T~ TH EY WH! CH FORM WHEN VER Y VI SCO US LAV A ARE SU FF ICO ENTL Y PLAS T OC TO SWAY F REELY I S SQUEEZED THROUGH CRACKS ! N THE DN BLAST OF GAS" ( 1953,P. 54) . WHEN WALL OR FLOOR OF A TUBE. I N ONE TH ESE STAL AC TI TES FORM i N TU BES THEV I-lAWA I I AN LAVA TUBE AT KALA UOKI P IT SOME TO MES DR I P TO A FOOT HI GH AND AS CRATER THERE ARE NEAR LY A DOZ EN SMALL MUCH AS 4 INCHES WI DE. WHEN STALA GM I TES CON i CAL CUPOLAS IN THE ROOF g PRO =

AR E FOUND DORECTLY UNDER THE ST ALA CT DTES 9 BABL Y FORMED BY ESCAP I NG GAS o THI S THEY CAN ONL Y HAVE FORMED AFT ER THE LAVA TUBE HAS A MAX I MUM WID TH OF PAGE 96 THE TEXAS CAVER, AuGUST 1966

22 FEETj AND A MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF AcCORD I NG TO TURNER (1961~ Po41), 2 0 FEET . THE CUPOLAS RANGE WHEN GROUND WATER PASSES THROUGH ! N HE ! GHT FROM 1 TO 8 FEET (POWERS, ACID I C LAVA FLOWS OR SEDIMENTS

1922' p 0 6 38) 0 BEFORE ENTERING THE LAVA TUBE, QUARTZ POPCORN CAVE, A LAVA TUBE CAVE CRYSTALS OR EVEN, VERY RARELY, QUARTZ NEAR MTo SHASTA, IS DESCRIBED STALACTITES MAY FORM. DEPOSITS OF AS HAVING SMALL SPATTER CONES ON OPAL ARE SOMEWHAT MORE COMMON. ITS FLOOR. THE NAME OF THE CAVE SWARTZLOW AND KELLER (1937, Po 101) PROBABLY IS DERIVED FROM THE SURFACE DESCRIBE THE APPEARANCE OF OPAL A PPEARANC~ OF THE LAVA (HALLIDAY, 1962A, DEPOS I TS IN LABYRINTH GAVE AND P . 1 12). ANOTHER INTERESTING CATACOOMBS GAVE I N LAVA PEDS NA TI ONAL FEATURE IS FOUND ON THE FLOOR OF MoNUMENT AS BE I NG SIMILAR TO THE GREAT OWL CAVERN, A LAVA TUBE IN APPEARANCE OF ORGANIC CORAL OR CRATERS OF THE MOON NATIONAL THE CALCITE "CAVE CORAL" FOUND IN MoNUMENT . IN THIS CAVE AN ODD LIMESTONE CAVES. THE FORMATION OF PRESSURE Rl DGE WHICH EXTENDS ALMOST THESE DEPOS I TS OCCURS ONLY IN MOIST THE WHOLE LENGTH OF THE CAVE MAY BE CAVES, AND PARTICULARLY ON ROUGH SEEN I N THE CENTER OF THE FLOOR SURFACES WHERE THE BASALT FRAGMENTS (PECK, 19629 Po 31 ). ACT AS NUCLE i I FOR DEPOSITION OF THE MI NERAL MATTER. OPAL FORMS MINERAL i ZAT i ON I N LAVA CAVES: MOS TLY ON THE ROOF AND WALLS 9 BUT SOMET ! MES I T ALSO IS FOUND ON LAVA CAVES, PARTICULARLY THE THE FLOOR. WHEN IT DOES FORM ON THE SPATT ER CONE VARIETY, FRENQUENTLY CAVE FLOOR IT SEEMS TO COME FROM CONTA I NS DEPOSITS OF VARIOUS KINDS BELOW, RATHER THAN AS DRIP FROM OF MINERALS, AMONG THEM CALCITE, THE ROOF • ARAGONI T E 9 GYPSUM, QUARTZ, OPAL, WHERE CIRCULATION OF THE WATER MI NAB I LITE, THENARDITE, JAROSITE, !S FREE AND RAPID ~HE OPAL ASSUMES AND ZEOLITES. THESE MINERALS ARE A BOTRYOIDAL CHARACTER, BUT WHERE THE RESULT OF GROUND WATER PER­ THERE IS ENOUGH MOISTURE TO CAUSE COLA TING THROUGH THE POROUS BASALT. DRIPPING OF WAT~R, TRUE STALACTITES SOME LAVA CAVES HAVE STALACTITES WILL SOMETJ MES FORM. IN RARE CASES AND STALAGMITES OF TRUE CALCITE HELICTITES, OR BRANCHING STALACTITES , AND ARAGON OTE. GYPSUM MAY ALSO MAY BE FOUND. IF THE SURFACE OF BE PRESENT, USUALLY EITHER AS CRYS­ DEPOSIT I ON IS TOO SMOOTH, THE OPAL TALS OR AS A "HA I RY EFFLORESCENCE" IS DEPOSITED UNIFORMLY OVER THE ENTIRE (TURNER , 1 961, Po 41 ). GYPSUM ALSO SURFACE. HoWEVER, WHEN THE SURFACE OCCURS ON SOME OF THE CAVES AT IS ROUGH AND UNEVEN THE MO I STURE CR AT ERS OF THE MooN NATIONAL TENDS TOCONCENTRATE IN THE DEPRESSION S, MoNUMENT. CRYSTAL PIT SPATTER CoNE ALLOWING BLACK KNOBS TO ST I CK OUT C AV E ~ DESCRIBED BY PECK (1962,P.27) THROUGH THE WHITE DEPOSITS AND vA S LAVA STALACT I TES COATED WITH PRODUCING AN EFFECT KNOWN AS

GVPS UM 9 AS WELL AS DEPOSITS OF "LAVA LACE" . THIS LEADS TO SUCH NAMES J AROS IT E (KF~S04)2 - (0H) 6 ), AND AS "WHil-E LAcE CAvE", IN LAVA PEDS MI RABILITE (riA2S04. 10 ~o). IN NATIONAL MONUMENT. OPAL IS OFTEN TH I S SAME AREA, PECK MENTIONS THAT DEPOSITED ALONG CRACKS AND FISSURES SPATTER CoNE No. 2 (sEE FIG. 2 JULY AS A COATING ON THE INSIDE OF THE TEXAS CAVER) HAS CRUSTS OF GYPSUM FISSURE WALLS. UP TO ONE I NCH THICK ON THE WALLS. SoME OF THE OPAL DEPOS! TS IN SoME oF THE GYPSUM IS SPATTER CoNE LAVA PEDS NATIONAL MoNUMENT SHOW No.2 HAS MOSS GROWING ON IT. BAND I NG FROM SEASONAL DEPOSIT I ON, Mi RAB ' L I TE AND THENARDITE DUE TO THE DEFINITE WET AND DRY (NA2S04) ARE FOUND IN SEVERAL CAVES SEASONS WHICH ARE CHARACTERISTIC I N CRA T ERS OF THE MooN NATIONAL OF THIS AREA. THE SIL I CA IN MoNUMENT ~ I NCLUDING INDIAN TUNNEL THESE DEPOSITS MAY COME FROM LAVA TUBE AND SNow CoNE (FIG. 3 HYDRATION OF THE MATERIALS JUL Y TEXAS CAVER). COMPOSING THE BASALT, PARTLY ACCOMP­ LISHED IN THE EARLY STATES OF LAVA THE TEXAS CAVER, AuGUST 9 1966 PAGE 97

FORMATION BY HOT MOIST GASES, THE S i LICA IS LATER RELEASED BY PERCOLA 7~ l NG GROUND WATER AND REDEPOS I TED AS CESCR i BED ABOVE WHEN THE GROUND WATER EVAPORATES IN THE CAVE, PECK (1962, P, 27) DESCRIBES A WHI TE DEPOSIT WHICH I S PROBABLY OPA L I N THE ARCO TUNNEL LAVA TUBE ! N CRA TERS OF THE MooN NAT I ONAL MONUMEN T~ ALTHO UGH EARLY EXPLORERS OF TH OS CAV E

BEL I EVED THAT THE WH I TE CORA L ~L I KE SU BSTANCE WAS DECOMPOSED LAVA , OP AL I S FOUND ON BOTH WALLS AND ROOF I N ARCO TUNNEL, AND ALL OCCURRENCES OF I T ARE MO I ST, Fl GURE 4 SHOSHONE IcE CAvE, IDAHo, SHOWING I CE IN CAVE. 0 E POS IT ~ O N OF THE OPAL HAS BEEN (HARR I NGTON, 19}4, P. 435.) GO I NG ON FOR S O ME iC ME ~ AS I T OS ALSO FOUND ON BLOCKS WH I CH HA VE DROPPED OF F THE CE r L ! NG AT SOMET i ME ! N THE PA ST .

! CE CAVES&

PROBABLY THE M ON~ R AL FOUND MOST !TS MAXIMUM WIDTH I S 60 FEET, AND OFT E"N IN LAVA CAVES ! S I CEo j Ct ITS MAX I MUM HEIGHT I S 30 FEET . THE CAV ES ARE L I MI TED TO ~R~A S WHE RE T HE ! CE STARTS NEAR THE ENTRANCE AND T EM PERATURE i S BELOW FREEZ ONG COVERS THE ENT I RE FLOORo TOWARD

DU Ri NG A PAR T OF THE Y EAR ~ AND ARE THE REAR OF THE CAVE, THE ROOF I S KN OWN UN EVER Y STATE WHERE LAVA AL SO COVERED WI TH I CE AND I CE F I LLS CAV ES ARE FOUND WI TH THE EXCEPTION THE REAR PART OF THE TUBE FOR OF HAWA Og o IN THE AREA OF LAVA AN UNKNOWN DISTANCEo HARR I NGTON PEDS NAT I ONAL MoNUMENT ALONE ABOUT MEN T IONS S I MILAR CAVES NEAR GRANTS, 1/3 OF ALL THE CAVES CON TAI N E I THER NEW MEX DCO, WH I CH ARE PROBABLY THE

WAT ER OR I CE , OR BOTH (SWARTZLOW 9 SAME I CE CAVES MENTIONED BY

1935 9 P , 44Q ). THE WA T ER AND 0 CE Tu~NER (1961, Po 42) AT JoHNSON AR E OF ME T EO~I C OR OGI N AND HA VE MESA AND StERRA NEGRAS o 80TH E!THER COME IN THROUGH THE EN TRAN CE HARR ! NG TON AND TURNER ALSO MENT I ON AS RAI N OR SNOW OR HAVE SEEPED DOWN i CE CAVES ! N THE VIC I N I T Y OF TH RO UGH CRACKS AND F I SSURES I N THE FLAGSTAFF 9 ARIZONA o T~ERE ARE AL SO POR OUS BASALT, DUR I NG W O NTERT U ME ~ LAVA CAVES CONTA I NI NG i CE AT SUNSET THE CO L D DENSE SURFACE AI R F ILLS TH E CR ATER NA TI ONAL MoNUMENT .

CAV E9 CH OLLI NG THE ROCK AND THE I CE CAVES OFTEN CONTA i N FRE EZO NG THE WA T ER . WHEN S UMMER VER Y BEAUT IFUL FORMA TO ONSo CR VS= COM ES THE COLO ASR PERS I STS I N THE TAL CAVE9 IN LAVA BEDS NAT i ONAL CA VE AND PRESERVES THE I CE, SOMET i MES MoNUMENT, HAS MANY HEXAGONAL I CE AL L YEAR LONG o CR YSTAL S UP TO'SIX I NCHES LONG HARR i NGTON ( 19}4,Po433 ) DESCR OBES AN D AN 8~CH LONG AND AN I NCH TH I CK A TV P OCAL I CE CAVE, THE SHOSHONE HANG 6NG FROM THE CE OL I NG (S~RT Z LOW 9 i CE CAV E ON THE BLACK PU TTE FLOW NEAR 1935, Po 440)o STALACTi TES AND

SHO SHONE 9 I DAHO. SHoSHONE I CE CA v E, ST ALA GM ITES ARE AL SO COMMON, AS ARE

SHOWN ON SEC T iON OF F I GURE 4 9 OS A SUCH F EATURES AS COAT I NG OF FROST PO RTO ON OF A L AV A TUBE ABOU T 250 CR VSTAL S 9 I CE CASCADES, AND "SOD A~ F EE T LONG, STRAWS 11 o USES OF LAVA CAVESg

OF CO URSE, FO R TH E SPELUNKER LAVA CAVES ARE AN I MPOR TAN T SOURCE OF PAGE 98 THE TEXAS CAVER, AuGusT, 1966

FUN AND EXCITEMENT. A NUMBER OF GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS OR BY VISUAL LAVA CAVES ARE RUN COMMERICALLY FOR OBSERVATION , OR SOTHo OF THE THREE THE TOURIST TRADE. AMONG THESE ARE TYPES OF LAVA CAVES DESCRIBED, SHoSHONE iNDIAN IcE CAvEs, IDAHo; SPATTER CONES WI LL PROBABLY BE THE

PERPETUAL IcE CAvEs, NEw MExico; LEAST VALAUABLE AS SHELTERS 9 AS THEY AND 0LE 0 s CAvE, WASHINGTON (FoLsoM, TEND TO BE TOO SMALL. THEY MAY SERVE

1962 9 PP. 281 - 293). IN THE PAST, SOME AS IMPORTANT SOURCES OF MINERALS, LAVA CAVES HAVE BEEN USED AS SHELTERS HOWEVER, AND CERTAINLY MORE RESEARCH BY I ND I ANS AND LATER BY SETTLERS; NEEDS TO BE DONE ON THEMo WoRE P I ONEER WELL CAVE IN NORTHEN CAL I FORNIA RESEARCH ALSO NEEDS TO BE DONE ON WAS ONCE USED AS A WATER HOLE FOR STOCK PRESSURE RI DGE CAVES. FRACTURES ARE

ON THE STAGE COACH RUN (HALL I DAY , 1962A 9 QU I TE COMMON ALONG PRESSURE R I DGES

P o 124) 0 AND MIGHT CONCEIVABLE BE USED FOR OTHER LAVA CAVES HAVE BEEN SHELTER, BUT CAVES WOULD PROVIDE USED AS SOU~CES OF WATER, AND ON THE MUCH BETTER SHELTERS. LAVA TUBES I SL AND OF KAUA I, HAWA I 1, LAVA TUBES CER TAI NL Y APPEAR TO BE THE BEST MAY I N SOME CASES TRANSMIT HUGE VOLUMES POSS I BI LI TY FOR SHEL T ERS . NoT ONL Y DO

OF GROUND WAT ER (MACDONAL AND OTHERS 9 THEY PROV I DE SHELTER BUT THEY ARE 1960 ~ P. 120). THESE LAVA TUBES, QUITE COMMON I N SOME VOLCANIC AREAS 9 I F PAPPED 9 CAN PROVIDE AN IMPORTANT THEY ALSO TEND TO BE LARGE ENOUGH FOR SOURCE OF WATER; UNFORTUNATELY LAVA SHELTER USEo SoME KNOWN LAVA TUB ES TUBES ARE NOT TOO COMMON ON KAUA i o ARE EVEN LARGE ENOUGH FOR GROUND SoME LAVA CAVES I N THE CONTINENTAL VEHICLES AND COULD POSSIBLY UNITED STATES HAVE SEEN MINED FOR BE USED FOR SUBSURFACE TRAVEL IF SOL AR THEIR ICE; OTHERS HAVE SEEN MINED FLARES OR M I C~OMETEOR I TE SHOWERS MAKE FOR DEPOS I TS OF GUANO. 80TH THE LUNAR SURFACE TOO DANGEROUR2 TURNER (1961 , Po 42) AND HALLIDAY )1962A, PPo 111-128) DESCRIBE EXAMPLES REFERENCES CITED& OF THESE. FoR THE VOLCANOLOGIST, LAVA FoLSUM, FRANK ~ 1962, ExPLORING AMERIC AN CAVES ARE MOST VALU ABLE FOR THE INFOR­ CAVESS CoLL I ER BOOKS, N.Y. 3l9 PP . MA TI ON THE Y YI ELD CONCERNING THE INTERIORS GREEN, J AcK, 1963, "SoME LuNAR REsouRcEs ," OF LA VA FLOWS, AND THE ACTUAL FROM THE PROCEEDBNGS OF THE luNAR AND MECH AN OSM OF FLOW, AS WELL AS SOME OF PLANETARY ExPLORAT! oN CoLLEQUI uM: NoRTH WH AT HAPPENS AFTER FLOW STOPS. IN AMERICAN Av 1 AT I oN , SPACE AND I NFOR MA ~

TH E F U T URE ~ PERHA~S WITHIN THE NEXT TION SYSTEMS DIVI SION 9 DOWNE Y, CAL I F' ,

5 Y EA RS 9 LAVA. CAVES MAY BECOME VERY PP. 83~ 95.

I MPORT ANT I NDEED TO ASTRONAUTS AND HA LL I DA Y, WILL I AM R. 9 1962A, CA VES OF' LUNA R EXPLORERS . LAV A CAVES HAVE CAL IFORN IA8 SPECIAL REPORT OF THE BEEN SUGGES T ED AS POSSIBL E SHELTERS WESTERN SPELEOLOGICAL SUR VEY I N AS PRO T EC T I ON AGAINST RAD I ATION, COOPERATION WITH THE NATL. SPELEOL. EX REME TEMPERA TURE CHANGE 9 AND Soc., 194 PP. M ~ CROMETEOR ! T ES (GREEN, 1963, P . 83), HARR I NGTON , E. R. 1934 ~ 11 THE OI'HG!N OF' AT LEAST ON THE EAR LY STAGES OF LUNAR ICE CAvEs" JouR. GEoL . v . 42 , PP o CON LON BZA T I ON . 433~ 436. 11 11 LAVA CA VES WILL BE USEFUL AS 1962B ~ WouNT SA I NT HELENS AREA 9 e N

SHELT ERS ON THE MOON IF& 1) THERE SPELEO D1 GEST 9 19628 PITT SBURGH ARE LAVA CAVES ON THE MOON, 2) THEY CAN GRoTTo, NATL. SPELEOL. Soc. 9 BE LOCATED, 3) THEY CAN BE ENTERED, 19649 SEC. L 9 PP . 200- 1.

4) THEY ARE LARGE ENOUGH, AND 5) THEY HAssEMER 9 JERRY, 1962, "BASALT CAvE" CAN BE SEALED . THE PRESENCE OF LAVA (CocoN I NO CouNTY , AR i ZONA) ~ IN CA VE S ON THE MOON IS DEPENDENT UPON SPELEO DIGEST , 1962: P IT TSBU~GH

THE EX I STANCE OF VOLCANIC ACTIVITY GROTTO , NATL. SPELEOLo Soc. 9 ON THE MOON (WHICH IS NOT ONLY POSSIBLE 19649 SEC. 1, PP. 7 ~ 8 . BU T PROBABLY I N MY OP I NION). IF LAVA MAcDoN ALD , G. A. , DAV I S ~ D. A. AND Co x CA VES EXI ST , THEY CAN ALMOST CERTAINLY D. c., 19609 GEOLOGY AND GROUND- WA TER BE LOC A TED ~ EI THER BY LOWALTITUDE RESOURCES OF THE ISLAND OF KAUA I , CbNr. PAG£ 100 THE TEXAS CAVER 9 AuG u sT 9 1966 PAGE 99

A B I L E N E G R 0 T T 0 C H E C K S T H E H I L L S~~~ B Y& J i M EsTES

I T HAD BEEN QU i TE SOMET UME HALF FEET HSGHo IT SLANTED SI NCE THE CAVE~S FROM ABILENE HAD DONE DOWNWARD . CR ! SMA N REPORTED A

JUST PLAUN LEAD CHECKiNG. ON FADDAV SK UNK TO ONE SDDE OF THE ENT~ANCE,

NJ GHT, JULY 8~ BAR T CRt SMAN~ J i M BUT L nLLV S IAD9 UPON PEEK ONG I N~ EsTEs, DoN W t NKLES ~ AND B~VANT & BLANCHE THAT i T WAS THREE HALF~ GROWN L i LLY DROVE TO EDWARDS Co u NTY To B UZZA ~DS o HE CALLED HOS WOF Eg

FOLL OW UP LEADS THAT HAD BEEN BL ANCHE TO SEE THEM o MEANWH OL E 9 NUDGING AT THE OR CUR UOS DTV FOR QUOT E ESTES WMHED A LOOK 6 NS CDE TH E SOMETUMEo CAV E ~ AND L OLLY HAD PROGRESSED AFTER A MORN ONG OF MAPP ONG ON A FURTHE~ ONS ! DEo A MED I UM KNOWN CAVE TO COMPLETE A SUR VEY THA T S OZED ENTRANCE ~OOM ALLOWED TH EM ~A D BEEN START ED BACK I N AP~ OL~ THE TO STAND UP, AND ON THE FLOOR RA NCHER HAD SEVERAL HOLES TO SHOW TH EM o WAS THE REMA I NS OF THE BED THE FO RST WAS A SMALL C~ A~ K g 8 A ~EL Y FRAME THAT THE WETBACKS HAD USED o WODE ENOUGH TO ALLOW A RACOON TO THE I NFORMA Ti ON WAS ~E L A V ED

ENTER. WiTH PR VBARS 9 P OCKS AN D EFFORT g TO THE S U ~F A CE , AND CR OSM AN 0 THE ~ANCHE~ S SON AND TWO SPAN OSH DEC GDED TO COME ON 8N9 HIS FE ~ R LABORERS OPENED UP THE HOLE ON NO 0 ~ A SK UNK DI SPELLED. ESTES AND

TCME o CR I SMAN Wi GGLED DOWN A YU BE CR OSMAN CHECKED THE CAVE OUT 9 FEET FIRST, AND REACHED A DI RT LEVEL THEY THOUGHT. UPON ~ETURN ! NG, THE FLOOR~ BUT B~EAKDOWN CALLED A HALT TO TWO L OL LVS, WDNKLES, AND THE FURTHE~ EXPLORATOON IN THAT PARTD CULA R ~ANCHE~ WENT BACK TO VIEW WHAT WE LEAD. LOLLY TOOK A LO OK AT THE TU BE 9 HA D SEEN~ ABOUT 150 FEET OF S I LT= ON LY TO Fi ND HC MSELF STUG ON THE FL OR~ED PASSAGEo THE TWO REMA IN= POSTER OOR END BY AN ORANGE SCORP OON g l NG AT THE ENTRANCE ROOM L i STENED THE SECOND HO L E TO BE CHECKED WAS AT THE OTHERS AS THEY TAL KED ABOU T ON TOP A HULL ONE HAL F MOLE FROM THE CRAWLWA VS AND SUCHa F i NALLY THE TU BE o AN OPEI.~ D-NG THREE OR FOUR l'i EET FO UR RE TU ~NED 9 THE RANCHER SAV I NG &N DI AMETER GREET ED THE CAV ERS o AFT ER THAT HE NEEDED TO GET HDS HI RED

TR CMM i NG AWA Y A MA TT OF BR DARS 9 LOLLY HA NDS TO WORK BEFORE THE DAY WAS PE EKED DN, SEEI NG THAT THE HO L E WEN T OVE~ . AF TE ~ ~EPLEN I SH I NG CARB DOE

ALMOST VERT DCAL L Y9 BUT WI TH PLENTY OF AND FRESH BA TT E~ I ES 9 TH E GROUP OF LEDGES AND PART OF THE BR OAR TREE AB I L ENE GUANO HOPPE~S LOOKED ALL OW UNG GOOD ST EPS. HE SAC D HE HA D AT THE REST OF THE CAVE o THE

HEARD WOND BLOW UNGa THE W O ND ~ HOWEVER 9 CRAWLWA V DI SCOVERED BY BLAN CH E TUR NED OUT TO BE TH E HUSS ONG OF A BUZ ZA RD ULLV CAUSED THE OTHERS TO NAME ON A L EDGE i MMED I ATEL Y DNS DD E THE HOL Eo THE CAVE AFTER HER ~ CAVE~NA DE

TH E CAV E 9 BY THE WAV 9 WAS ONL Y A BLA NCHE . I N ALL THERE WAS S UNKHOLE ON A L EDGE i illltv1ED DA TEL V DNS DDE APPROX I MA T EL Y 300 FEET OF PASSAGE THE HOLEo THE CAVE, HOWEVER, WAS ONL Y - 6NCLUDONG SOME B~EAKDOWN 9 LOTS OF ABOU T TWENT Y F i VE FEET DEE P . HA ~ V ESTMEN, C~ I CKETS 9 BLACK ST ILL ANO THER HOLE ON TH E SAME BE TTL ES. THERE WE~E NO FORMATD ONS, RANCHER t S LA ND ALLOWED CR I SMAN TO GO BUT A LO NG SCA~RED ROCK GA VE ABOU T FOR TY FEET I N A LOW CE ILO NG ROOM . EViD ENCE THAT A SEA~ PROBABLY THE RANC HER SA I D THAT AT ONE T OME HE ONCE WAS IN THE CAVE 9 I F NOT DROVE TWO RATHER DDSGRUN TL ED ST i LL SOMEWHE~E I N THE BREAKDOWN 9 J AVEL 6NAS I NTO THE HOLE . H! S BONES THE ONLY ~EMA D NS .

JUST BEFORE LEAV DNG THE RANCH 9 THESE BONES WERE NO T FOUNDo THE OWNER HAD ONE OTHER L EAD9 SAVDNG ON THE FOLLOWING DAY, AFTER THA T TWO WETBACKS HAD LOVED ON THE TWO HAMBURGERS EACH I N CAV E FOR SEVERAL DAYS, SL EEP ONG AND ROCKSPR ONGS AND A NI GHTS REST EA Ti NG i NS I DE. TH 6 S SOUNDED GOOD 9 AT A NEARB Y PA~K 9 TH E GROUP F ROM SO THE AB OLENE GROUP FOLLOWED HOM KEY C I TV VDS i TED THE RANCH OF AL ONG A STEEP HOLLS ODE TO AN OPEN ONG LOWEL L JESSUP NEA~ BARKSDAL Eo A ABOU T F OVE FEET Wi DE AND TWO AND ONE RUMO~ OF A CAVE P~OMPTED THE VOS OT , CoNT o PAGE 100 PAGE 100 THE TEXAS CAVER, AuGUST, 1966

BUT THE RANCHER TOLD THE CAVERS THAT THE CHECKING IN THE HILLS OF THE PART I CULAR CAVE WAS NOT ON HIS PRO­ EDWARDS COUNTY HAD NETTED THREE PERTY, CAVES8 CAVERNA DE BLANCHE Qw1TH WHILE THE LILLYS AND WINKLES ITS BABY BUZZARDS), JESSUP 9 S CAVE, CHECKED OUT A LEAD ON JESSUP 1 S LAND, AND Does's CAvE. IN ADDITION, GOOD CRISMAN AND ESTES DROVE SOME 25 MILES RELATIONS WERE FURTHERED WITH THE TO CHECK WITH THE OTHER LANDOWNER, LANDOWNERS, AND A LOT OF BEAUTIFUL THEY RECE i VED PERMISSION AND DIRECTIONS SCENERY WAS VIEWED. TO DOBB v S CAVE, BEING INFORMED THAT ANOTHER TRIP IN THE FUTURE IS THEY WOULD HAVE TO WALK ABOUT THREE QUART­ PLANNED FOR THE AREA TO FINISH WITH

ERS OF A MDLE TO I T, UPON RETURNING SURVEYS OF THE CAVES 9 AND TO TRY TO THE TWO FOUND THAT THE OTHERS WERE MAKE GOOD LEADS OUT dF PURE RUMORS. STILL OFF CHECKING ON A HILLTOP, AND THE END DECIDED TO GO ON UP THE CANYON TO LO- CATE THE ENTRANCE AND SAVE SOME TIME, LATER, THE OTHERS CAME UP EARLIER

EXPECTED~ LAVA CAVES, PART I I (CONTINUE[(.', . PAGE 98) THAN SAVj NG THAT THE LEAD THAT ' CHECKED HAD TURNED OUT TO BE ABOUT A REFERENCES CITED& . 500 FOOT CAVE, WDTH A SMALL CRAWL NOT COMPLETELY CHECKED. MACDONALD~ G. A.; HAWAII DI V. OF AFTER LUNCH UNDERNEATH A BIG HYDROG. BULL. 13, P. 120. LIVEO AK, THE WHOLE CREW GEARED UP AND PECK, STEWART, 1962, "LAVA CAVES OF WALKED UP TO DOBB u S CAVE, LONG TUCKED CRATERS OF THE MoON NATIONAL AWAY I N THE GROTT0 8 S LEAD FILE, A SHORT MONUMENT" (ARco, IDAHo), IN THE WH I LE LATER, THE CAVE ENTRANCE WAS SPELEO DIGEST, 1962; PITTSBURGH FOUND, THE ALMOST EVER = PRESENT BUZZARDS GROTTO, NATL. SPELEOL. Soc., 1964 WERE M! SS ONG THIS TIME, BUT ONE HAD LEFT SEc. 1, PP. 27-35. MOST OF HI S FEATHERS NOT FAR BACK INSIDE PowERs, S ! DNEY, 1922~ "A LAvA TusE THE ENTRANCE. AT KI LAUEA"g JOUR. GEOL, V. 30 Doss's CAVE WAS RUMORED TO BE A P, 638. VER Y BEAUT I FUL CAVE AND ALSO EZTENSIVE, RussEL~ I. c., 1902, "GEOLOGY AND BE I NG NOT FAR FROM THE OLD Does's RANCH WATER RESOU~CES OF THE SNAKE HOUSE, THE LAST PART OF THE RUMOR WAS RIVER PLAINS OF IDAHO"~ U. S.G . S.

CORRECT • AFTER GO 8 NG ABOUT Fl FTY FEET, BULL. 199 9 PP. 94-5, 98-101. THE CAVE OPENED SOMEWHAT I NTO A ROOM SwARTZLow ~ C . R. , 1935, " i cE CAvEs WITH A CRAWLWAY TO THE LEFT, STRAIGHT IN NORTHERN CALl FORNI A"; JOUR. AHEAD THERE WAS A SHORT PASSAGE, AND GEOL. V. 43, PP. 440-442.

THEN A THI RT Y FOOT DIAME T ER JUNCTION SwARTZLow , C. R. AND KELLER 9 W. D., ROOM , ST ! LL FARTHER AHEAD WAS ANOTHER 1937, "Co RALLOIDAL OPAL"; JouR. SHOR T PASSAGE AND A WODE FORTY FOOT ROOM GEOL. V. 45, PP. 101~108. W! TH LOTS OF MUD AND A SMALL POOL OF TURNER, SAMUEL F.' 1961' "CAVES ! N WATER WITH WATER DROPP i NG INTO IT FROM IGNEOUS RocKs", IN THE SPELEO THE CE , LI NG, THERE WERE NO FORMATIONS TO DIGEST, 1961: PiTTSBURGH GRO TTO, BE SEEN. THE CAVE CONTINUED FOR ANOTHER NATL. SPELEOL. Soc., 1963, SEC. 2, 100 FEET, LATER TWO CRAWLWAVS WERE PP. 40- 43. CHECKED OUT , AND A PARALLEL PASSAGE WAS WENTWORTH~ c. K. AND MACDONALD, c. Aq

FOLLOWED ALMOST BACK TO THE SIDE OF THE 19539 "STRUCTURE AND FoRMS OF HiLL NEAR THE EN TRANCE AREA, THE PASS­ BASAL T I C RocKS IN HAWA ! •"; u.s.G. S . AGES WERE CONNECTED BY A SHORT CRAWLWAY BULL. 994, PP. 54, 57. AN D AT THE JUNCTION ROOM, SEVERAL WILLIAMs, IRA., 1923, "THE LAvA RovER 1 STAPH QLIN I DAE 1 WERE OBSERVED, TUNNEL"; NATURAL Ht STORY, v. 23, IN ALL, Does's CAVE IS PROBABLY PP o 1 62~ 1 71 • THE END 900 FEET LON G ~ AND LDES GENERALLY ON THE SA"A E LEVEL, * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * SEE YOU 'UNDER THE HILL' SEPT EMBER 3, 4, & 5TH BE THERE ! * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * :PROJECT:THE TEXAS CAVER 9 Au GUS T'_9 1966 PAGE 101 • • -• UNDER -THE HILL -• 0. K. NE ~ GHBO~s j ots PRo ~ Ec T SA T U ~DA V MOR! NCNG B~ C EF i NG -ri ME AGADN. Fo~ THE SECOND T OME ~ N SESS OON o TH US WI LL BEG UN AT DT 1 SB~IEFHtSTo~ vT. S. A. os · 7g 00 AM (8 TEXAS T!ME) 9 AND TO L EA V~NG TEXAS ( Fo~ G~EENE~ F~s vu ~Es7) . S OMP L DFV MATTERS WE WOLLUSE NEW i N CASE YOU HAVE NOT HEARD ( L ~ KE tF MEX I CO TO ME DUR DNG TH E P~O J EC T o YOU HAVE BEEN ON GU ATAMALA FOR THE LA ST 6 MON T HS )~ TH CS Y E A ~ T.SoA o _ DEC ODED TO ATTACK ONE P OO R ~ DE F E ~ CaESS HOL L c N NEw MEx 1 co o Ho wEV E~~t 9 u s · RO AD WI LL BE FLAGGED NA ST Y OLD CAVE~S WON ° T HAVE O'f A I'- L c'O"ij....~ FROM TH I S PO ONTo WAY. TH OS ONE MEASLY HOLL CONC EALS MA NY MOLES OF CAVE PASSAGE. WE KNOW ABOU T 7.49 MOLES OF 7 HE SE ARTES i A 0 PASSAGES (POWELL S OS 7.5 MOo) 9 B U ~ SO FA ~ WE HAVE ON LY ABOUT THREE MOL ES ON PAPER Jl. T THE HOLLo i T 0 S A Fi\ S C1N.A. TO NG CA VE SVST EM ~ Jo. ND ONE WH CCH ~ POSE S MA NY QUESiBONS o ~ 8 THERE ~ N V -----... ~ MORE CAVE? Yo u BETg o o o LOTS MO~E. PERHA PS ALL FOU~ CA VES CONNEco ; ---~r% · . PER HAPS NONE OF TH EM CONNEC To ON LY

ON E THONG WOL L P~OV U DE THE NEEDED I A N SWE~s •• • WRK ~ ~ ,9. 3 Ml

US62/ SEPTEMBER 394j AND 5 ARE THE OFFO COAL /I l/ 180 DA YS FOR THE PRO ~ EC V ~ BUT YOU A~E WELCO ME TO 11 COME E A ~L V AND STA'f LA'i£". THE {McK , ~RICK HI LLEL lso HEA DQ UART ERS AREA OS ABOU T 45 MONUTES DR CVCNG TO ME F~ O M C~ ~ L SB A D 9 AND (DRv CA v E, SAND CAvE, McK i TT R I CK CA vE, THE ROAD WILL BE FLAGGED AFTER 3 PM. ENDLESS CA VE & ALSO CAVERS 9 I NTERESTED FR PDAV ? HE 2ND o SEE THE SKEi CH BY= STANDERS, ID i OTS, & YOU ! ) MAP AT THE ~ i GH T FO R MORE OE TA UL S ON EXAC 'rl,V HOW TO GE T TH E]lii:E o ~ F \f'OU F'LAN ** 7. 4 ! S THE APPRO XI MA TE NUMBER OF Mi LES TO BE TH E~E EARLY1 CON TAC T PET E FR OM THE WESTERN CARLSBAD C ITY L I MIT S. LOND SLE¥ ( 4612 WATAUGA RD ug DALL A S )~ O R CARL KU NATH ( 216 S o P o ER CE ~ S ~N Hb PEFULLV 9 WE CAN AMASS EN OU GH ANG ELO ) FOR MORE DETA CL S. GENER AL L ~ 9 i NFO RM AT ION DUR ONG THE PROd EC T TO THE ROA D OS GOOD ( 111 ) AND AN Y W~ O T E A F DRST=CL ASS ART OCL E FO R THE P A SSE N GE~ CAR SHOUL D BE ABLE TO MAK E N. S . S. 8 ULL ETU No WE PLAN COMPLETE CT WOT HOUT OCF F DCULTY. ST UOOES OF THE CAVES F ~OM BDOLOGOCAL 9 GEOL OG OCAL AND TOPO OG I CAL S 7A ND= REMEMBE~ 9 THERE OS NO W ~ T ER fi N THE PO ONT S o AT VHE VE~ V LEAST ~ A S ONGLE AREA9 SO BR CNG ALO NG PLENTY. AL S0 9 MAP WOLL BE P~EP A ~EO WH I CH WOLL THER E OS ABSOLUTLV 0 SHADE (EXCEPT SHO W THE PASSAGES P~EPARED WH OCH r N THE CAVES OF COURSE) 9 80 A T A ~P WOL L SHOW THE PASSAGES OF AL L 4 OR O T HE~ P~OTEC T U ON F ~ C M YH E SUN OS CAV ES ON RELA TI ON TO EACH OTHER AND A GO OD ODEA . THE HEAD Q U A ~ V E~S A~EA WCLL TO THE SURFACE TOPOG~APH V . BE ON TOP OF McK CTTR CCK HULL NEAR TH E OLD OOL WELLg SO EARL Y A~ ~ CVAL S PL EASE SURE i T' S A LONG T ~IP, BU LEAV E ROOM FO~ A T EN T OR TWO o WO~ T HWH i LE TH I NGS OFTEN ~EQ U i RE SOME ADDED EFFO~T. THE EXTRA. Dl STANC E To ONSURE THA T M ~P P O N G O PE~ AiOO NS WULL MOS T L I KEL Y AMOUNT TO ONLY ANOT~ER ARE COO~D O N AT ED 9 A BR CEF MAFP CNG ,~ · ·::- ·! ·' HOUR 0~ TWO OF DRIV 6NG T I ME 9 SO "SCHOOL " W8LL BE C NCO~POR AT ED ON THE ·- ~ E T 1 S LET 1 S HAVE A GOOD TURNOUT FO R "UNDER THE HILL" . SEE YOU THEI'ItE. PAGE 102 THE TEXAS CAVER 9 AuGUST, 1966

ABILENE GROTTO, N.S.S.: t\ll~HOME OF THE WILSON'S. A MEETING WAS HELD AT THE MUCH TO THE ~EGRET OF THE G~OTTO, HOME OF BA~T C~ISMAN THE FIRST ~ESIGNATIONS WERE SUBMITTED BY OU~ TuESDAY IN JuLY. SEvE~AL CHAIRMAN 0~. RosE~T HOUSMAN AND

MINO~ AMENDMENTS TO THE G~OTTO T~EASUER JACK STEELE. WE WANT TO CONSTITUTION WERE VOTED ON AT THANK BOTH MEN FOR THEIR TIME AND THAT T ! MEo CONSIDERAT I ON IN SERVING THE G~OTTO. A T~ t P WAS MADE BY BRYANT THE DUTIES PREFORMED BY OR . HAUSMAN & BLANCHE LILLY, JIM EsTEs, BA~T AND JACK WE~E GREATLY APPRECIATED BY CRISMAN AND DoN WINKLES TO CHECK ALL. OuR NEW CHA I ~MAN IS o~. THAD ouT LEADS IN EDWA~Ds CouNTY. M.• HoWARD, D.V.M., VICE CHAI~MAN No FAI)),TAST!C FINDS, HOWEVE~ IJoBB 1 S PETE GRASSE~, T~EASU~E~ MIKE REAI'tDON, CAVE WAS LOCATED. ANOTHE~ AND SAFETY AND ~ESCUE CHAIRMAN VI NCE CAVE OF ABOUT 500 FEET WAS OR UD! NG .

EXPLO~ED FOR THE FIRST TIME-- KAREN AND RoN ScH~MPF, Now NO FORMAT I ONS TO SPEAK OF. STAT IONED iN GERMANY HAVE A NEW BABY J gM EsTES AND ToM MEADOR soY, OER~ELL LEE ScH~UMPF. VISITED THE PAINTED CAVES THE WEEK­ THE PROGRAM FOR THE MEETING WAS GIVEN END OF JULY 23, AND DID A LITTLE BY LEILSON WI LSON ON ~EpTILES AND ST~EAMBED WALKING LOOKING IN HOLES. SNAKES OF TEXAS WITH A LIVING EXHIBIT, ON JULY 29-30 BART CRISMAN MIKE BuND~ANTS BoA, AND DR. EvE~ETT AND J i M ESTES VISITED Y CAVE WITH RHOADES ~EPORTED ON FIRST AID TOM MEADOR OF ELDO~ADO, CLIMBING TREATMENT OF SNAKE BITES. BOTH WERE I N THE S.,.r•fK MUD AND UP AND DOWN INFORMATIVE AND INTE~ESTING. CREV I CES "1't>R ABOUT 6 HOURS. LOTS GROTTO ADDRESS: 107 ToMAHAWK TRAIL OF FUN, MAN! SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS FERN DAVIs, SUMME~TIME MoTHE~ L. G~O T TO MEMBER AND WINTERTIME ABILENE BALCONES GROTTO NEWS! CAVER ~ WR i TES OF A FUN FILLED FEW THE JULY MEETING IN THE HEA~T DAYS AT THE NSS CONVENTION IN CALIF. OF THE SUMMER LULL WAS ATTENDED BY SEEMS CAViNG OUT IN THAT PART OF THE 11 OF THE HARD CO~E. SLIDES WE~E

COUNTR Y IS MOSTLY MOUNTAIN CLIMBING, SHOWN OF THE RECENT T~IP BY MEMBE~S A LOT OF ~OPEWORK, AND NOT MUCH OF THE UT AND BALCONES GROTTOS TO REAL TO GOODNESS CRAWLING. THE HUAUTAL AREA ABOUT 150 MILES SEVERAL TRIPS ARE LINED UP FOR SOUTHEAST OF MEXICO CITYo THIS T~IP THE FUTURE WEEKS, ALONG WITH SOME WAS A RECONNAISSANCE OF THE HI GH

MAP PLOTT I NG AND D~AWING. MOUNTA I N AREA NEA~ THE TOWN OF GROTTO ADDRESS! 2818 S. 39TH ST. HUAUTLA AND HAS P~OMISE OF VE~Y DEEP ABILENE, TEXAS 79605 CAVES AS IT HAS OVER A MILE OF VERTICAL ~ELIEF. THE FLORENCE CAVE~S ALAMO GROTTO N.S . S . : OF THE BALCONES GROTTO HA~ SLIDES JUNE AND JULY HAS BROUGHT OF THEIR TRIP TO NOTHERN BEXAR COUNTY PLENTY OF HOT WEATHER Al\qOF cAvEs AFTER THE BOG MEETING. To COURSE THE ANNUAL VACATIONS. No CLOSE THE MEETING SL I DES OF THEIR MEE T I NG WAS HELD FOR THE MONTH OF TRIP TO THE ANNUAL AUSTIN CAVER PA~TV JULY BY THE ALAMO GROTTO BUT FOR "THE R IT E OF SPRING" WE~E SHOWN. THE MONTH OF JUNE WE HAD SEVERAL SEVERAL CAVERS PLANNED TO VISIT THE NOTEWORTHY I TEMS. WE ELECTED BUSTAMANTE AREA DU~ING JULY, AND A NEW MEMBERS CARTHEY PENNINGTON RETURN TRIP TO BENDERS CAVE WAS AND THREE BROTHERS FROM THE OBLATE PROGRAMMED. As SOON AS THE TEXAS SEM IN ARY HERE IN SAN ANTONIO. HERPETOLOGICAL SOCITY APPROVES THE THEY ARE BROTHER BROWN, BROTHER MONEY WO~K WILL STA~T ON THE GATE ON VOLK, AND BROTHER RAUSCH. THE EzELL~s CAvE AT SAN MA~cos. G~oTTO MONTHLY MEETING WAS HELD AT THE MEMBERS HOPE TO COMBINE BUSINESS WITH THE TEXAS CAVER 9 AUGUST g 1966 PAGE 103

PL E A SU~E AND CHECK OUT LEADS I N ON THIS ~ANCH AND NORTH OF THE AI'~ EA. LEAKEY WE~E ALSO VI SITED. I N I F THE SUMME~ HEAT HOLDS OTHE~ NEws BuD F~ANK 1s Now PR EHAPS THE FABLED UNDE~G~ O UND SETTLED AT THE AUST~AL I AN R I VE~ BENEATH THE STEEL DOO~ I N NA TI ONAL l.).l l vERSITY. BILL 'RussELL BE~ ~y C~EEK IN NOTHE~N WILLi AMSON IS WO~K I NG TH I S SUMME~ AS A GU I DE CouNTY CAN BE CHECKED " TH i S DOO~ AT INNTE~ SPACE CAVE~NS. SEVE~AL HA S sEEN UNDE~ ABOUT T H~EE FEET OF CAVE~S F~OM PENNSYLVAN I A, CAL I F. WA T E ~ S I NCE I T WAS LOC ATED LAST AND O THE~ FA~ AWAY PLACES HA VE F.!I LLo BEEN I N AUST ON OFF AND ON I N ~O U TE TO AND F. ~OM ME XI CO . UN IVERSITY OF TEXAS GROTTOg REPORT ED BY& JAMES REDDELL & JOHN F I SH WI TH MOST OF THE G~OTTO ACT I VITIES STOPPED BY SUMME~ ONLY A F EW T~IPS HAVE UTG NEWS8 - LAST MI NUTE NEWS I - SE EN MADE ~ECENTLY. ON THE WEEKEND oF JuLY 10TH, B ULL RusSELL ~ CA~OL JAMES REDDELL AND JoHN F I SH WESTM ORELAND, AND J AMES REDDELL A~E GO I NG TO MEX I CO FO~ ABOU T TWO V! SOTED SEVE~ AL CA VES I N THE Bo E ~NE= WEEKS I N AUGUST. THEY PLAN TO SPR ! NG BRANCH A~EA . BES I DES KAPPELMAN CONCENT~ATE ON THE STATE OF S A LA MANDE~S CAVE AND BAD WE AT HE~ P I T GuE~~ERO souTHWEST o F MEx nco CeTY. (o N ·r HE KLA~ RANC H) SEVE~ AL SMALL THIS STATE HAS SOME OF THE NEW CAVES WE ~ E LOCA T ED I N THI S A ~E Ao LA~GEST CAVES I N MEX I CO BUT THEY THE PU~POSE OF THE T ~ I P WAS TO COLLECT ~EM AI N ESSENT I ALL Y UNEXPLO~ED BY S A LAM ANDE~S OF A NEW SPEC I ES KNOWN AME~ I CANS. THEY PLAN TO DO A LOT ONLY FROM THESE TWO CAVES. SPEC I MENS OF COLLECT I ON AND AS MUCH MAPPING

WE ~ E 08VAI NED I N BOTH CAV ES AN D WHEN AS TIME PE~M I TS. B A ~ T ELS CA VE ( ALSO KNOWN AS BE N DE~S CA VE ) WAS VI S I TED, WE GOT A DALLAS-FT . WORTH GROTT0 9 N. S. S. SPECI AL BONUS WHEN A SECOND NEW SPEC I ES WAS FOUND I N ABUNDANCE . VAC ATI ONS HAVE SENT OUR CAVERS OUT BOTH ABOVE AND BELOW GROUND. TH ; S CAVE 0 S THE SOU RCE OF A SMALL STR EAM T ~ t suT ~ ~ v TO SP~ I NG B~ A NCH AREAS THAT HAV E BEEN COVERED DUR I NG THE SUMMER AND t O BE COVERED DUR I NG AN D i S AND EX T ENS I VE I N T E~ESTING AUGUST I NCLUDE ALL THE NATO STA TES S T R E~. M SVST EM S l MUL A ~ TO HoNEY CRE EK CA VE, BUT SOMEWH AT SMAL LE ~. (NEW MEX DCO s ARKANSAS 9 TEX A S ~ AND PASSAGE S i ZE A VE~AGES ABOUT 10 FEET OKLAHOMA) AS WELL AS COLORADO AND Wl DE, BY F"! VE- TO ~ S I X F EET HI GH ( ABOVE THE DAKOTA BADLANDS (CAVELANDS7 ) u TH E WATE~) WI TH ONE=TO-F I VE FEET OF RONN I E F I ESLER REPOR TS A TR I P TO WATE R" AsOUT 2,000 F EET WAS EXPLORED THE COTT ONWOOD CAVE ARE A ON 0KL A~ WI TH NO S ft GN OF AN END I N ANY HOMA o NORM AN AND J ACKLY N ROB I NSON Di REC TI ON . ON THE WEEKEND OF JULY MADE THE TRIP To THE NSS Co Nv ENT ION I N CAL BFORN I A BUT READI LY ADM I T TH AT 23RD DAV I D McKENZ I E AND JAMES REDDELL 9 THEY SAW A LOT MORE NI CE COUN TRY MA DE A TR I P TO THE A~EA NORTH OF THAN NSS CoNVENT i ON TYPESo THEY VAND ERPOOL AND NEAR LEAK EY. THE REPORT TH AT GEORG E Y E A R Y :~ T EMPO ~ F I RST CAVE ON THE AGEND A WAS ON THE Ho s v RANCH NORTH OF VANDERPOO L . RAR I LY TRANSF ER RED TO J PL I N CAL I FOR­ NI A, IS QUITE AT HOME I N "sEARDS VI LLE." THI S PRO VED TO BE A S ONK AT THE END ADD I T I ON AL RE PORTS WI LL BE GI VEN OF A SH ALLOW A ~~O V O. MUCH WAT ER NEXT MO NTH. BLA I R GOODB AR i S LAI D EMPTI ES INTO THE CAVE AFTE ~ RA I NS. UP IN THE HOSP I TAL WITH A SER I OU S A S ER i ES OF D~OPS LEADS TH~O U GH AB OUT 500 FEET OF PASSAGE TO A DEPTH I LLNESS. PLA NS FOR THE UPCOM I NG PRO J EC T UNDER THE H! LL ARE PROGRESS I NG C. F 8 0 0~ 90 FEET TO A LOW WATER SMOO THL Y AND I T APPEARS THAT TH E CR AWL WM I CH CON T INUED I NDE F I NOTEL V HI LL CAVES WDLL OFFER MORE PASSAG E AS A PA SSAGE ONE - TO ~ T WO F EET HI GH AND FOR EVER YONE i S EN J OYMEN T THAN I N AN Y 10- 2 0 FEET WI DE. UNFO~T U N A TEL V THIS OTHER PROSPECT I VE REG I ON PRO J ECT AREA . PR OMI S l NG CAVE I S TO BE CO VE~ED BY GRO TTO ADDRESS ~ 6 6 21 SUNN YLAND LANE TH E NEW FM ROAD. 0 T HE ~ SMAL L CAVES DAL L A S ~ TEXAS 75214 THE TEXAS CAVER 4612 WATAUGA RoAD DALLAS, TEXAS 75209

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE TEXAS SPELEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION NATIONAL SPELEOLOGICAL SociETY

RETU~N PosTAGE GuA~ANTEED

TO:

PRINTED MATTER

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T E X A S C A V E R W I N S SPELEO D I G E S T A W A R D

JAMES ESTES, TEXAS CAVER EDITOR FOR 1964, IS TO BE CONGRATULATED FOR HIS FINE WORK ON THIS PUBLICATION DURING 1964, DURING THIS TIME, JIM PUBLISHED 182 PAGEs THAT MADE uP VoLUME 9 oF THE CAVER. AT THE EDITOR's DINNER AT THE 1966 NSS CoNVENTION IN CALIFORNIA THE STAFF OF THE SPELEO DIGEST PRESENTED THE AWARD TO THE TEXAS CAVER AS THE OUTSTANDING GROTTO NEWSLETTER FOR 1964! THE AWARD CERTIFICATE WILL GO TO JIM, HOWEVER THE $10.00 CHECK WILL BE CONFISCATED BY THE CAVER STAFF (WITH JtM 1 S PERMISSION, OF COURSE). ****************************************' WANT TO SEE A GOOD CAVE ARTICLE? GRAY IS tGUEST SPEAKER * ' .. J THEN YOU BETTER PICK UP THE SEPTEMBER "'Gf;RGE GRAY, ABILENE GROTTO, tssuE oF ARIZONA HIGHWAYS (VoL.XLI I ' * WAS A GUEST SPEAKER AT THE J6TH No.9) •••• THE 12 PAGE ARTICLE BY ANNUAL. CoNVENT I oN oF THE WEST TEXAS IDA SMITH IS WELL WRIT~EN AND MENTIONS * PRESS AsSOCIATION WHICH WAS HELD THE SoUTHWESTERN SPELEOLOGICAL AssoCIA­ AT SAN ANGELO THE Fl RST WEEKEND TION, THE U.A.A.C. GROTTO, AND THE * 1 N AuGUST. THE SUBJECT oF GRAY 's CENTRAL ARIZONA GROTTO, THE COLOR TALK, OF COURSE, WAS CAVES. IN PICTURES ARE QUITE NICE EVEN THOUGH * PARTICULAR GEORGE SHOWED SL I DES THE TRUE COLOR WAS "JAZZED UP" A BIT oF THE CAVERNS oF SoNORA. BY THE MAGAZINE, COLOR TRANSPARENCIES * THE CONVENTION WAS FOLLOWED ON OF THE COLOR WORK MAY BE ORDERED FROM THE 7TH OF AUGUST BY A TRIP TO ARIZONA HIGHWAYS AT 40¢ EACH. * THE CAVERNS AND A BARBEQUE HOSTED BY SoNoRA CAVERNS. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * • •• PROJECT UNDER THE HILL- Jo 1 NT SouTHWESTERN REG 1 oN/TExAs SPEL EO LOG 1 CAL AssN . CAVE STUDY PROJECT, SEPTEMBER J,4,&5TH. MCKITTRICK HILL,NEW MEXICO, BE THERE AND SEE YOURSELF IN THE NEWS t * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * **'