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Revue publiée par le FONDS DE LA RECHERCHE EN SANTÉ DU QUÉBEC NUMÉRO 39 • DÉCEMBRE 2007 DOSSIER SPÉCIAL Éditorial GUIDE PRATIQUE ÉTUDIANTS Former la rèleve : une DES BOURSES DE FORMATION AUX priorité PERSPECTIVES DE CARRIÈRE Sainte-Justine 1907-2007 D'hier à aujourd'hui – contrat no 40065390 – contrat Envoi de publication Envoi CONSEIL D’ADMINISTRATION DU FRSQ PRÉSIDENT-DIRECTEUR GÉNÉRAL M. ALAIN BEAUDET, M.D., PH. D. AUTRES MEMBRES MME MICHÈLE STANTON-JEAN, M.A., M.ÉD. (VICE-PRÉSIDENTE) M. RAYMUND J. WELLINGER, PH. D. (SECRÉTAIRE) M. JEAN-DENIS DUBOIS, M. SC. MME JOHANE GUAY, PH. D. 28 M. ANTOINE HAKIM, M.D., PH. D. M. JACQUES HENDLISZ MME TRANG HOANG, PH. D. MME LOUISE PILOTE, M.D., PH. D. MME MARIE-FRANCE RAYNAULT, M.D., M. SC. sommaire MME LISE R. TALBOT, PH. D. M. MICHEL L. TREMBLAY, PH. D. 3 éditorial M. PHILIPPE WALKER, PH. D. MME GENEVIÈVE TANGUAY, PH. D. (OBSERVATRICE) M. CLAUDE DUSSAULT (OBSERVATEUR) MME ISABELLE THIFFAULT, M. SC. (ÉTUDIANTE) 5 nouvelles du FRSQ COORDINATION DE LA REVUE 8 nouvelles de la communauté MICHELLE DUBUC, M. Sc. scientifique RÉDACTION MICHELLE DUBUC, LUC DUPONT, DOMINIQUE FORGET, DANIELLE OUELLET, NUMÉRO 39 LUC QUINTAL couverture : © Photodisc, 20 centres de recherche Archives historiques PRODUCTION du CHU Sainte-Justine Sainte-Justine 1907-2007. D'hier à aujourd'hui GRAPHISME LE GROUPE FLEXIDÉE LTÉE IMPRESSION IMPRIMERIE QUAD INC. FAIRE PARVENIR TOUTE 28 DOSSIER SPÉCIAL CORRESPONDANCE À L’ADRESSE SUIVANTE : SERVICE DES COMMUNICATIONS RECHERCHE EN SANTÉ GUIDE PRATIQUE ÉTUDIANTS 500, RUE SHERBROOKE OUEST, BUREAU 800 MONTRÉAL (QUÉBEC) H3A 3C6 TÉLÉPHONE : (514) 873-2114 DES BOURSES DE FORMATION TÉLÉCOPIEUR : (514) 873-8768 COURRIEL : [email protected] AUX PERSPECTIVES DE CARRIÈRE SITE WEB : www.frsq.gouv.qc.ca d Organisme mandataire du ministère du Ce dossier s’adresse d’abord et avant tout aux étudiants qui désirent acquérir Développement économique, de l’Innovation et de l’Exportation (MDEIE), le Fonds de la recherche une formation en recherche. La première partie décrit les programmes de en santé du Québec (FRSQ) a pour fonction de promouvoir et d’aider financièrement la recherche, bourses de formation offerts par le FRSQ, explique le processus de traitement la formation de chercheurs, la diffusion des des demandes et fournit des statistiques sur les récipiendaires. connaissances et le partenariat dans le domaine de la santé. La seconde partie est consacrée aux perspectives de carrière qui s’ouvrent aux d Publication officielle du Fonds, Recherche en santé est publiée deux fois par année et est distribuée diplômés. On y trouve quelques pistes de réflexion pour faciliter le choix d’une gratuitement aux membres de la communauté scientifique et aux autres professionnels et voie parmi la multitude de possibilités! intervenants de la santé. d Le contenu de cette revue est reproduit sur Bonne lecture ! serveur vocal par l’Audiothèque pour les personnes handicapées de l’imprimé. Téléphone : Québec (418) 627-8882 Montréal (514) 393-0103 d Les articles de Recherche en santé peuvent être reproduits sans autorisation à condition d’en mentionner l’origine. L’information fournie dans cette publication ne se substitue pas à celle des Programmes du FRSQ. d Note : Le générique masculin désigne aussi bien les femmes que les hommes et n’est utilisé que dans le seul but d’alléger le texte. d Dépôt légal – 4e trimestre 2007 Bibliothèque nationale du Québec Bibliothèque nationale du Canada ISSN : 1195-0900 Envoi de publication – contrat de vente no 40065390 2 Recherche en santé décembre 2007 éditorial Former la relève : une priorité par Alain Beaudet, M.D., Ph. D., président-directeur général Le FRSQ place le soutien à la relève en tête de ses priorités. Alors Barrière Yves que tous nos programmes ont dû faire l’objet de coupures impor- tantes en raison des restrictions budgétaires des dernières années, les programmes de bourses d’excellence ont connu non seulement un maintien, mais une croissance de leur budget. Cette année, grâce aux nouveaux crédits consentis par le gouvernement dans Alain Beaudet sa Stratégie de la recherche et de l’innovation et en réponse aux orientations stratégiques du FRSQ, celui-ci a pu attribuer 61 bourses de formation supplémentaires, portant ainsi le taux de succès moyen à ses concours de bourses d’excellence à plus de 30 %. METTRE L’ACCENT SUR LA RELÈVE Pourquoi un tel accent sur la relève ? Tout d’abord, cégeps par les lauréats des prix Gairdner, et qu’il offre parce qu’il s’agit d’un investissement critique pour la un programme de stage d’été d’initiation à la recherche recherche de demain. Rappelons que les universités en sciences de la santé pour les étudiants en médecine canadiennes devront renouveler 50 % de leurs effectifs ou inscrits au 1er cycle d’un programme en sciences d’ici 10 ans. Et cet investissement ne souffre pas de de la santé. report : toute réduction à ce chapitre a des effets délé- ÉLARGIR LA FORMATION tères dont on met ensuite des années à se remettre, Il est cependant impératif de repenser, en collabora- comme on l’a vu avec la réduction des effectifs des tion avec nos partenaires universitaires, la façon dont étudiants en médecine. Ensuite, parce que c’est un on prépare cette relève. On a encore trop souvent ten- investissement tout aussi critique pour la recherche dance à former des copies conformes du professeur- d’aujourd’hui. Nul n’ignore en effet que la vitalité, chercheur. La carrière professorale universitaire n’est la créativité, le dynamisme de nos laboratoires sont pourtant qu’une voie parmi d’autres. Divers secteurs largement le fait des étudiants et des postdoctorants de l’industrie effectuent une recherche de grande qui y travaillent. Enfin, parce que la formation d’une qualité, essentielle à notre économie, et sont avides main-d’œuvre hautement qualifiée est essentielle au de main-d’œuvre hautement qualifiée. De nouvelles développement de notre économie. Elle représente, avenues s’ouvrent aux personnes qui veulent appliquer en particulier, un facteur déterminant de création à d’autres secteurs leur formation en recherche : droit, d’emplois. économie, administration publique. Les métiers de Aussi faut-il éveiller de plus en plus tôt l’intérêt des la recherche sont en pleine évolution, comme vous étudiants pour la recherche en leur faisant mieux pourrez le constater à la lecture du dossier de ce connaître les différentes filières scientifiques. C’est numéro (voir page 28). d’ailleurs dans cette optique que le FRSQ soutient ➜ financièrement les conférences prononcées dans des 3 décembre 2007 Recherche en santé éditorial La préparation à la recherche universitaire traîne ser l’insertion en entreprise ; bourses spéciales de for- elle-même de l’arrière par rapport à l’évolution de mation complémentaire pour l’acquisition de nouvelles la recherche et de ses besoins. Alors que celle-ci se compétences. Le FRSQ se propose également de ren- dessine comme de plus en plus multidisciplinaire et forcer la formation en recherche des professionnels de multisectorielle, les programmes de formation de 2e et la santé qui se destinent à une carrière universitaire. de 3e cycles sont encore trop souvent monothémati- Ceux-ci sont en effet de moins en moins nombreux à ques et départementaux. On insiste sur la collaboration opter pour la recherche, alors qu’ils jouent un rôle clé entre chercheurs, mais on offre peu d’encouragements pour le transfert des connaissances. pour que cet esprit de collaboration soit transmis dès Ces orientations nouvelles visent à répondre non l’entrée en formation. La décision d’opter pour une seulement aux besoins de la recherche, mais aussi à la carrière en recherche exige plus que jamais de faire des volonté et aux attentes des étudiants. Afin de faciliter choix et d’acquérir de nouvelles compétences. Ainsi, le dialogue, le FRSQ créait il y a cinq ans le Comité l’augmentation des sommes affectées aux opérations permanent des affaires étudiantes (CPAE). Ce comité, de recherche (qui peuvent atteindre plusieurs millions) dont la présidente siège à titre d’observatrice aux demande de la part des chercheurs des qualités d’ad- réunions du conseil d’administration du FRSQ, a pour ministrateur et de gestionnaire financier qu’on omet mandat de déterminer les meilleures stratégies pour de leur inculquer. Enfin, tandis que la recherche répondre aux besoins des étudiants aux études supé- s’internationalise, on voit peu de programmes de for- rieures en sciences de la santé et les soutenir. À la suite mation de 2e et de 3e cycles exiger qu’une partie de la d’une une enquête menée auprès de la population formation soit acquise à l’étranger et on insiste moins étudiante, le comité a soumis une série de recomman- qu’avant pour que les stages postdoctoraux s’effec- dations au conseil d’administration du FRSQ, qui tuent à l’extérieur du pays. s’apprête à prendre des mesures pour s’y conformer (voir page 39). RÉPONDRE AUX ATTENTES DES ÉTUDIANTS La priorité à la relève n’est donc pas un vain mot, Pour relever ces nouveaux défis, le FRSQ a entrepris mais un engagement ferme, pour lequel le FRSQ est de mettre en place une série d’incitatifs et de nouveaux fortement soutenu par les politiques gouvernementa- programmes : prime à la multidisciplinarité et à la col- les. Mais on aura aussi compris que d’importants chan- laboration dans l’évaluation des activités de formation gements structuraux sont nécessaires pour s’assurer des centres et groupes de recherche ; allocation de que cette relève soit en mesure de constituer l’assise crédits destinés à soutenir des stages d’étudiants à solide sur laquelle se bâtira la société du savoir. ✦ l’étranger ; bourses en milieu de pratique pour favori- Vous déménagez ? Transmettez-nous votre nouvelle adresse : › courrier : 500, rue Sherbrooke Ouest, bureau 800 Montréal (Québec) H3A 3C6 › téléphone : (514) 873-2114 télécopie : (514) 873-8768 › Vous êtes invités à exprimer vos idées sur les sujets courriel : [email protected] › abordés dans ce numéro ou sur tout autre sujet d’intérêt lié à la recherche en santé.
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