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Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) Die Puppen der mittel- und westeuropäischen Phyllocnistinae (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) J. PatoCka PATOCKA, J„ 2001 THE PUPAE OF THE CENTRAL AND WESTERN EUROPEAN PHYLLOCNISTINAE (LE¬ PIDOPTERA: GRACILARIIDAE). - £AT. BER., AMST. 61 (10): 142-146. Abstract: The pupae of Phyllocnistis from Central and Western Europe are described and illustrated. A key for the iden¬ tification of the species and some biological data are added. Institut für Waldökologie der SAW, Stürova 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Republik Slowakei. Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt die Puppen liegen, nahe beieinander je zwei winzigen von drei mittel- und westeuropäischen Arten Börstchen (Abb. 2, 3). Borsten am Meso- und der Gattung Phyllocnistis (Lepidoptera: Gra¬ Metanotum und am 1.-9. Abdominalsegment cillariidae, Phyllocnistinae) im Rahmen der lang (Abb. 1, 6). Die Borsten Sdl am 1. Bearbeitung der Puppen der Familie Gracilla¬ Segment besonders groß (Abb. 6, 20), auch riidae (Patocka 1992a, 1992b, im Druck; am Mesonotum und 1.-8. Abdominalsegment Patocka & Zach 1995; Gregor & Patocka sind diese Borsten vergrößert. Clypeus von 2001). Patocka (1999) bringt eine Charakte¬ der Frons durch keine Sutur abgetrennt, lang ristik der Puppen der Schmetterlinge und und keilförmig zur Basis des Labrum verjüngt Bestimmungstabelle ihrer mitteleuropäischen (Abb. 2). Frons auf der Dorsalseite kurz und Überfamilien und Familien anhand der Pup¬ kaudal konkav (Abb. 13), beziehungsweise in penmerkmale. Das System und die Nomen¬ der Mitte stumpfwinklig abgegrenzt (Abb. 5). klatur folgen Lastüvka (1998) und berück¬ Vertex sehr groß (Abb. 5). Labrum klein, sichtigen Karsholt & Razowski (1996) und abgerundet. Mandibulae deutlich und eben¬ Leraut (1997). Die puppenmorphologische falls klein. Palpi maxillares nicht unterscheid¬ Terminologie folgt Mosher (1916). Das unter¬ bar. Labium mit Palpi labiales mittelgroß suchte Material stammt aus der Sammlung des (Abb. 1, 2), basal zuweilen unscharf begrenzt Verfassers und aus dem Museum für Natur¬ (Abb. 11). Vorderschenkel deutlich. Proboscis kunde Berlin. viel kürzer als die Vorderbeine und Mittel¬ beine als die Vorderflügel. Antennae mehr oder weniger so lang wie die Vorderflügel, Unterfamilie Phyllocnistinae welche von den langen Enden der Hinter¬ Kleine Puppen (2-4 mm lang). Ihr Körper ist beine deutlich überragt werden. Vorderflü¬ nahe dem Frontalende am breitesten, sie gel spitz und über das 7. Abdominalsegment verjüngen sich plötzlich nach vom und hinragend. Sichtbarer Teil der Hinterflügel allmählich nach hinten. Frontalende spitz, in sehr kurz, nur etwa zur Hälfte des 1. Abdomi¬ einen langen Kopffortsatz übergehend. Abdo¬ nalsegmentes reichend, spitz (Abb. 6). Pro- menende mehr oder weniger abgestumpft und notum kurz und in der Mitte in zwei Teile mit je einem Ausläufer versehen (Abb. 1, 11, schmal unterbrochen (Abb. 5). Metanotum 17). Mikroskulptur fein, dorsal am 2.-8. Abdo¬ etwa zu 1/3 seiner Länge abgerundet ausge¬ minalsegment findet man eine Dörnchens¬ schnitten mit breit abgerundeten Frontal¬ kulptur und einige Dörnchen dort sind größer lappen (Abb. 6, 15). 8.-10. Abdominalsegment als die übrigen (Abb.16), beziehungsweise verwachsen, Nähte dazwischen unauffällig länger und hakenartig (Abb. 7). Am Clypeus (Abb. 8-10). Abdomenende entweder etwas Ent. Ber., Amst. 61 (2001) 143 vorgezogen und am Ende abgerundet ( Abb. 8, Phyllocnistis saligna (Zeller) 9, zuweilen am Ende auch ein wenig kon¬ (Abb. 1-10) kav) oder quer abgeschnitten (Abb. 21, 22). Am 10. Segment je ein langer und Untersuchtes Material: 5 <3, 5 2, Slowakei, schräg laterokaudal gerichteter Ausläufer. Böhmen. Analnaht strichförmig, am Abdomenende Puppe 3,3-3,8 x 0,6-0,9 mm, dunkelbraun. liegend; kein Kremaster vorhanden (Abb. 8, Kopffortsatz in Lateralansicht stark dorsal 21). gebogen (ausnahmsweise auch gerade), seine Raupen der mittel- und westeuropäischen Ränder verdunkelt, an seiner Basis aber keine Arten an Salicaceae spp. Bis zum vorletzten Höckerchen unterscheidbar. Vorderschenkel Instar minieren sie sehr lange, schmale, einer deutlich länger als das Labium. Borste Sdl am Schneckenspur ähnliche Gangminen in der 1. Abdominalsegment etwa halb so lang, wie Blatt-, beziehungsweise Rindenepidermis. Ihr dieses Segment breit. Je ein Paar Dörnchen Kot ist flüssig. Den letzten Instar verleben sie dorsal an mittleren Abdominalsegmenten als Praepupa in ihrem Verpuppungskokon, stark verlängert und hakenartig gebogen. 9. welcher sich in einer Blattrandbiegung am Abdominalsegment dorsal relativ kurz, seine Ende des Ganges befindet. Die Puppe schiebt Dorsalborsten nicht unterscheidbar, je eine sich beim Schlüpfen des Falters halb aus dem kurze Subdorsalborste jedoch vorhanden. 10. Kokon heraus. Univoltin, Überwinterung als Segment mit je einem ziemlich spitzen Aus¬ Imago. In Mittel- und Westeuropa nur mit läufer, diese divergieren stark; Am Ende ist es einer Gattung vertreten. abgerundet kegelförmig, über die Höhe seiner Ausläufer vorgezogen. Raupe an Salix spp., die schmalblättrigen Gattung Phyllocnistis Zeller Weiden, wie S. purpurea Linnaeus und S. Mit der Charakteristik der Unterfamilie. In fragilis Linnaeus werden bevorzugt. Gang¬ Mitteleuropa mit drei (in der Auffassung von mine sehr lang, anfangs in der Triebrinde, Buszko in Karsholt & Razowski (1996) und dann in ein Blatt übergehend, keine Kotlinie Leraut (1997) vier) Arten vertreten. dort vorhanden. Um Gewässer oft häufig. Bestimungstabelle der Arten Phyllocnistis labyrinthella (Bjerkander) (Abb. 11-16) 1 Abdomenende quer abgeschnitten, von den Ausläufern am 10. Segment deutlich über¬ Untersuchtes Material: 3 <3,3 $ Deutschland, ragt (Abb. 21, 22) . P. unipunctella Böhmen, und Slowakei (darunter 1 3 von - Abdomenende stumpf vorgezogen, von den Populus alba Linnaeus). Ausläufern am 10. Segment nicht überragt Puppe 2,2-3,6 x 0,4-0,7 mm, rotbraun, Exuvie (Abb. 8-10). 2 heller. Kopffortsatz etwas kürzer als bei der 2 Kopffortsatz lang und meist gebogen, an vorherigen Art, in Lateralansicht schräg seiner Basis keine Höckerchen (Abb. 1-5). frontoventral gerichtet und kaum gebogen. Am 4.-6. Abdominalsegment dorsal zwei Seine Ränder, ähnlich wie auch je ein Höcker Dornen hakenartig gebogen (Abb. 7). an seiner Basis sind verdunkelt. Vorder¬ . P. saligna schenkel wenig länger als das Labium. Borste - Kopffortsatz relativ kürzer und kaum Sdl am 1. Abdominalsegment eher kürzer als gebogen, an seiner Basis je ein Höckerchen die halbe Breite dieses Segmentes. Einzelne (Abb. 12-14). An 4.-6. Abdominalsegment Domen dorsal an mittleren Abdominal¬ einige vergrößerte, aber meist nicht segmenten zwar etwas vergrößert, aber meist hakenartig gebogene Domen (Abb. 16) . nicht hakenartig gebogen. 9. Abdominal¬ . P. labyrinthella segment dorsal kurz, ohne deutliche Dorsal¬ borsten, kleine Subdorsalborsten dort vorhan- 144 Ent. Ber., Amst. 61 (2001) Abb. 1-13. 1-10, Phyllocnistis saligncr, 11-13, P. labyrinthella. 1, 11, Puppe ventral; 2, 12, Frontalteil des Kopfes ventral; 3, lateral; 4, abweichende Form des Kopffortsatzes lateral; 5, 13, Frontalteil des Kopfes dorsal; 6, Metanotum, Abdomenbasis (linke Hälfte); 7, 5. Abdominalsegment dorsal (linke Hälfte); 8, Abdomenende ventral; 9, dorsal; 10, lateral. Abkürzungen: A = Antenna; An = Analnaht; As = abdominales Spiraculum; Cl = Clypeus; Fr = Frons; G = Gena; S Gn = â Genitalnaht; Hb = Hinterbein; Hfl = Hinterflügel; Kf = Kopffortsatz; Lb = Labium, Lbr = Labrum; Md = Mandibula; Msn = Mesonotum; Mtn = Metanotum; O = Oculus; Pn = Pronotum; V = Vertex; Vb = Vorderbein; Vfl = Vorderflügel; Vs = Vorderschenkel. 1-10 = 1 .-10 Abdominalsegment. den. 10 Segment dem der vorherigen Art nominatform an P. tremula kaum, das unter¬ ähnlich, zuweilen am Ende etwas konkav. suchte Material von P. alba war aber für eine Raupe miniert nur in Blättern von Populus endgültige Stellungsnahme zu dieser Präge spp. aus der Sektion Leuce (P. tremula Lin¬ allzu klein. Waldränder, Schlagflächen und naeus, P. alba Linnaeus, P. hybr. canescens Auen, lokal und meist nicht häufig. Aiton (Smith)) und ihre schmale Gangmine zeichnet sich mit einer dunklen Linie des Phyllocnistis unipunctella (Stephens) flüssigen Kotes in der Mitte aus. Junge (Abb. 17-22) Pflanzen, Stock- und Wurzelausschlag wird bevorzugt. Die Lorm an P. alba wird von Untersuchtes Material: 5 <3, 5 9, Slowakei, Buszko in Karsholt & Razowski (1996) und Deutschland. Leraut (1997) für eine besondere Art, P. xenia Puppe 2,6-3,6 x 0,5-0,9 mm, rotbraun, Exuvie Hering, von Lastüvka (1998) nur für ein Syn¬ heller. Kopffortsatz sehr lang, in Lateral¬ onym von P. labyrinthella gehalten. Puppen¬ ansicht hakenartig dorsad gebogen, seine morphologisch unterscheidet sie sich von der Ränder dunkel. An seiner Basis je ein Ent. Ber., Amst. 61 (2001) 145 16 Abb. 14-22. 14-16, Phyllocnistis labyrinthe lia; 17-22, P. unipunctella. 14, 19, Frontalteil des Kopfes lateral; 15, 20, Metanotum. Abdomenbasis; 16, 5. Abdominalsegment dorsal; 17, Puppe ventral; 18, Frontalteil des Kopfes dorsal, 21, Abdomenende ventral; 22, dorsal. deutlicher Höcker, diese aber meist hell. Diskussion Labium länger als die Vorderschenkel. Borste Sdl am 1. Abdominalsegment außerordent¬ Die Puppen der Unterfamilie Phyllocnistinae lich vergrößert und etwa so lang wie die Breite sind in mehreren Punkten denen der übrigen dieses Segmentes. Mittlere Abdominalseg¬ Gracillariidae ähnlich. Ihre Einreihung in mente dorsal mit je einem Paar stärker ver¬ diese Familie ist anhand der apomorphen längerter und hakenartig gebogener Dörn¬ Merkmale, insbesondere in Kopf- und chen. 9. Abdominalsegment relativ lang, 1 Thoraxbau
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