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18Th EANA Conference European Astrobiology Network Association
18th EANA Conference European Astrobiology Network Association 24-28 September 2018 Freie Universität Berlin, Germany Sponsors: Scientific Organizing Committee (EANA Council): Daniela Billi, Italy Oleg Kotsyurbenko, Russia Alexis Brandeker, Sweden Helmut Lammer, Austria John Brucato, Italy Harry Lehto, Finland Barbara Cavalazzi, Italy Kirsi Lehto, Finland Elias Chatzitheodoridis, Greece Zita Martins, Portugal Charles Cockell, UK Nigel Mason, UK Hervé Cottin, France Ralf Möller, Germany Rosa De la Torre, Spain Christine Moissl-Eichinger, Austria Jean-Pierre De Vera, Germany Lena Noack, Germany René Demets, ESA Karen Olsson-Francis, UK Cristina Dobrota, Romania François Raulin, France Pascale Ehrenfreund, The Netherlands Petra Rettberg, Germany Franco Ferrari, Poland Séverine Robert, Belgium Kai Finster, Denmark Gyorgyi Ronto, Hungary Muriel Gargaud, France Dirk Schulze-Makuch, Germany Beda Hofmann, Switzerland Alan Schwartz, The Netherlands Nils Holm, Sweden Ewa Szuszkiewicz, Poland Jan Jehlicka, Czech Republic Ruth-Sophie Taubner, Austria Jean-Luc Josset, Switzerland Jorge Vago, The Netherlands Kensei Kobayashi, Japan Frances Westall, France Local Organizing Committee: Lena Noack (FU) Lutz Hecht (MfN, FU) Jean-Pierre de Vera (DLR, DAbG) Jacob Heinz (TU) Dirk Schulze-Makuch (TU, DAbG) Dennis Höning (VU Amsterdam) Alessandro Airo (TU) Deborah Maus (TU) Felix Arens (FU) Ralf Möller (DLR) Alexander Balduin Carolin Rabethge (FU) Mickael Baqué (DLR) Heike Rauer (DLR, TU, FU) Doris Breuer -
Sulfur Metabolism Pathways in Sulfobacillus Acidophilus TPY, a Gram-Positive Moderate Thermoacidophile from a Hydrothermal Vent
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Frontiers - Publisher Connector ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 18 November 2016 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01861 Sulfur Metabolism Pathways in Sulfobacillus acidophilus TPY, A Gram-Positive Moderate Thermoacidophile from a Hydrothermal Vent Wenbin Guo 1, Huijun Zhang 1, 2, Wengen Zhou 1, 2, Yuguang Wang 1, Hongbo Zhou 2 and Xinhua Chen 1, 3* 1 Key Laboratory of Marine Biogenetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, China, 2 Department of Bioengineering, School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China, 3 Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory forMarine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China Sulfobacillus acidophilus TPY, isolated from a hydrothermal vent in the Pacific Ocean, is a moderately thermoacidophilic Gram-positive bacterium that can oxidize ferrous iron or Edited by: sulfur compounds to obtain energy. In this study, comparative transcriptomic analyses of Jake Bailey, University of Minnesota, USA S. acidophilus TPY were performed under different redox conditions. Based on these Reviewed by: results, pathways involved in sulfur metabolism were proposed. Additional evidence M. J. L. Coolen, was obtained by analyzing mRNA abundance of selected genes involved in the sulfur Curtin University, Australia Karen Elizabeth Rossmassler, metabolism of sulfur oxygenase reductase (SOR)-overexpressed S. acidophilus TPY Colorado State University, USA recombinant under different redox conditions. Comparative transcriptomic analyses of *Correspondence: S. acidophilus TPY cultured in the presence of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) or elemental Xinhua Chen sulfur (S0) were employed to detect differentially transcribed genes and operons involved [email protected] in sulfur metabolism. -
Extremely Thermophilic Microorganisms As Metabolic Engineering Platforms for Production of Fuels and Industrial Chemicals
REVIEW published: 05 November 2015 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01209 Extremely thermophilic microorganisms as metabolic engineering platforms for production of fuels and industrial chemicals Benjamin M. Zeldes 1, Matthew W. Keller 2, Andrew J. Loder 1, Christopher T. Straub 1, Michael W. W. Adams 2 and Robert M. Kelly 1* 1 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA, 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA Enzymes from extremely thermophilic microorganisms have been of technological interest for some time because of their ability to catalyze reactions of industrial significance at elevated temperatures. Thermophilic enzymes are now routinely produced in recombinant mesophilic hosts for use as discrete biocatalysts. Genome and metagenome sequence data for extreme thermophiles provide useful information for putative biocatalysts for a wide range of biotransformations, albeit involving at most a few enzymatic steps. However, in the past several years, unprecedented progress has been made in establishing molecular genetics tools for extreme thermophiles to the point Edited by: that the use of these microorganisms as metabolic engineering platforms has become Bettina Siebers, University of Duisburg-Essen, possible. While in its early days, complex metabolic pathways have been altered or Germany engineered into recombinant extreme thermophiles, such that the production of fuels and Reviewed by: chemicals at elevated temperatures has become possible. Not only does this expand the Haruyuki Atomi, thermal range for industrial biotechnology, it also potentially provides biodiverse options Kyoto University, Japan Phillip Craig Wright, for specific biotransformations unique to these microorganisms. The list of extreme University of Sheffield, UK thermophiles growing optimally between 70 and 100◦C with genetic toolkits currently *Correspondence: available includes archaea and bacteria, aerobes and anaerobes, coming from genera Robert M. -
ELBA BIOFLUX Extreme Life, Biospeology & Astrobiology International Journal of the Bioflux Society
ELBA BIOFLUX Extreme Life, Biospeology & Astrobiology International Journal of the Bioflux Society A short review on tardigrades – some lesser known taxa of polyextremophilic invertebrates 1Andrea Gagyi-Palffy, and 2Laurenţiu C. Stoian 1Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj- Napoca, Romania; 2Faculty of Geography, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Corresponding author: A. Gagyi-Palffy, [email protected] Abstract. Tardigrades are polyextremophilic small organisms capable to survive in a variety of extreme conditions. By reversibly suspending their metabolism (cryptobiosis – tun state) tardigrades can dry or freeze and, thus, survive the extreme conditions like very high or low pressure and temperatures, changes in salinity, lack of oxygen, lack of water, some noxious chemicals, boiling alcohol, even the vacuum of the outer space. Despite their peculiar morphology and amazing diversity of habitats, relatively little is known about these organisms. Tardigrades are considered some lesser known taxa. Studying tardigrades can teach us about the evolution of life on our planet, can help us understand what extremophilic evolution and adaptation means and they can show us what forms of life may develop on other planets. Key Words: tardigrades, extremophiles, extreme environments, adaptation. Rezumat. Tardigradele sunt mici organisme poliextremofile capabile să supraviețuiască într-o varietate de condiţii extreme. Suspendandu-şi reversibil metabolismul (criptobioză) tardigradele pot să se usuce sau să îngheţe şi, astfel, să supravieţuiască unor condiţii extreme precum presiuni şi temperaturi foarte scăzute sau crescute, variaţii de salinitate, lipsă de oxygen, lipsă de apă, unele chimicale toxice, alcool în fierbere, chiar şi vidul spaţiului extraterestru. În ciuda morfologiei lor deosebite şi a diversittii habitatelor lor, se cunosc relativ puţine aspecte se despre aceste organisme. -
Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Euryarchaeota 2”
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE published: 20 February 2012provided by PubMed Central doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2012.00047 Distribution, abundance, and diversity patterns of the thermoacidophilic “deep-sea hydrothermal vent euryarchaeota 2” Gilberto E. Flores†, Isaac D. Wagner,Yitai Liu and Anna-Louise Reysenbach* Department of Biology, Center for Life in Extreme Environments, Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA Edited by: Cultivation-independent studies have shown that taxa belonging to the “deep-sea Kirsten Silvia Habicht, University of hydrothermal vent euryarchaeota 2” (DHVE2) lineage are widespread at deep-sea Southern Denmark, Denmark hydrothermal vents. While this lineage appears to be a common and important mem- Reviewed by: Kuk-Jeong Chin, Georgia State ber of the microbial community at vent environments, relatively little is known about their University, USA overall distribution and phylogenetic diversity. In this study, we examined the distribu- Elizaveta Bonch-Osmolovskyaya, tion, relative abundance, co-occurrence patterns, and phylogenetic diversity of cultivable Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology thermoacidophilic DHVE2 in deposits from globally distributed vent fields. Results of quan- Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia titative polymerase chain reaction assays with primers specific for the DHVE2 and Archaea *Correspondence: Anna-Louise Reysenbach, demonstrate the ubiquity of the DHVE2 at deep-sea vents and suggest that they are sig- Department of Biology, Center for nificant members of the archaeal communities of established vent deposit communities. Life in Extreme Environments, Local similarity analysis of pyrosequencing data revealed that the distribution of the DHVE2 Portland State University, PO Box was positively correlated with 10 other Euryarchaeota phylotypes and negatively correlated 751, Portland, OR 97207-0751, USA. -
Resolving a Piece of the Archaeal Lipid Puzzle COMMENTARY Ann Pearsona,1
COMMENTARY Resolving a piece of the archaeal lipid puzzle COMMENTARY Ann Pearsona,1 Lipid membranes are common to all cells, despite archaea, in which it is observed that a higher fractional occurring in many different forms across Earth’s great abundance of cyclopentane rings is associated with biotic diversity. Among the most distinctive mem- higher growth temperature (1, 11). Refined calibra- branes are those formed by the archaea, whose lipids tions of the TEX86 index and its response to upper are characterized by sn-2,3-glycerol stereochemistry ocean temperatures have made it a key tool for the (in contrast to sn-1,2-glycerol in bacteria and eukarya), paleoclimate community (12). isoprenoid rather than acetyl hydrophobic chains, and However, archaeal groups in addition to Thaumarch- frequent occurrence as membrane-spanning macrocycle aeota also make cyclopentane-containing GDGTs, includ- structures (1). The membrane-spanning lipids consist ing the Crenarchaeota and many divisions of Euryarchaeota of mixed assemblages of structural isomers contain- (Fig. 1A). In particular, the surface-dwelling Marine ingupto8internalcyclopentanerings(GDGT-0 Group II (MG-II) Euryarchaeota have been suggested through GDGT-8 [glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tet- to be GDGT sources (13). This would affect TEX86 raethers with zero to 8 rings]) (Fig. 1). Many aspects of signals if their ring distributions have different physio- the biosynthesis of these unusual structures remain un- logical controls compared to Thaumarchaeota. Such known, but, in PNAS, Zeng et al. (2) take an important differences in lipid response might be expected, be- step forward by revealing genes encoding for 2 enzymes cause, to date, the known ammonia-oxidizing Thau- involved in synthesis of the cyclopentane moieties. -
Experimental Microbial Evolution of Extremophiles Paul H
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications in the Biological Sciences Papers in the Biological Sciences 2016 Experimental Microbial Evolution of Extremophiles Paul H. Blum University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Deepak Rudrappa University of Nebraska–Lincoln, [email protected] Raghuveer Singh University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Samuel McCarthy University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Benjamin J. Pavlik University of Nebraska- Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscifacpub Part of the Biology Commons Blum, Paul H.; Rudrappa, Deepak; Singh, Raghuveer; McCarthy, Samuel; and Pavlik, Benjamin J., "Experimental Microbial Evolution of Extremophiles" (2016). Faculty Publications in the Biological Sciences. 623. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/bioscifacpub/623 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Papers in the Biological Sciences at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications in the Biological Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Published (as Chapter 22) in P. H. Rampelotto (ed.), Biotechnology of Extremophiles, Grand Challenges in Biology and Biotechnology 1, pp. 619–636. DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-13521-2_22 Copyright © 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland. digitalcommons.unl.edu Used by permission. Experimental Microbial Evolution of Extremophiles Paul Blum,1 Deepak Rudrappa,1 Raghuveer Singh,1 Samuel McCarthy,1 and Benjamin Pavlik2 1 School of Biological Science, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA 2 Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA Corresponding author — P. -
Biosulfidogenesis Mediates Natural Attenuation in Acidic Mine Pit Lakes
microorganisms Article Biosulfidogenesis Mediates Natural Attenuation in Acidic Mine Pit Lakes Charlotte M. van der Graaf 1,* , Javier Sánchez-España 2 , Iñaki Yusta 3, Andrey Ilin 3 , Sudarshan A. Shetty 1 , Nicole J. Bale 4, Laura Villanueva 4, Alfons J. M. Stams 1,5 and Irene Sánchez-Andrea 1,* 1 Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands; [email protected] (S.A.S.); [email protected] (A.J.M.S.) 2 Geochemistry and Sustainable Mining Unit, Dept of Geological Resources, Spanish Geological Survey (IGME), Calera 1, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] 3 Dept of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain; [email protected] (I.Y.); [email protected] (A.I.) 4 NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, and Utrecht University, Landsdiep 4, 1797 SZ ‘t Horntje, The Netherlands; [email protected] (N.J.B.); [email protected] (L.V.) 5 Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal * Correspondence: [email protected] (C.M.v.d.G.); [email protected] (I.S.-A.) Received: 30 June 2020; Accepted: 14 August 2020; Published: 21 August 2020 Abstract: Acidic pit lakes are abandoned open pit mines filled with acid mine drainage (AMD)—highly acidic, metalliferous waters that pose a severe threat to the environment and are rarely properly remediated. Here, we investigated two meromictic, oligotrophic acidic mine pit lakes in the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB), Filón Centro (Tharsis) (FC) and La Zarza (LZ). -
Diversity of Archaea Domain in Cuatro Cienegas Basin: Archaean Domes
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766709; this version posted September 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Diversity of Archaea Domain in Cuatro Cienegas Basin: Archaean Domes 2 3 Medina-Chávez Nahui Olin1, Viladomat-Jasso Mariette2, Olmedo-Álvarez Gabriela3, Eguiarte Luis 4 E2, Souza Valeria2, De la Torre-Zavala Susana1,4 5 6 1Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de 7 Biotecnología. Av. Pedro de Alba S/N Ciudad Universitaria. San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, 8 México. C.P. 66455. 9 2Instituto de Ecología, UNAM, Circuito Exterior S/N anexo Jardín Botánico exterior. Ciudad 10 Universitaria, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04500 11 3Departamento de Ingeniería Genética, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I.P.N. 12 Campus Guanajuato, AP 629 Irapuato, Guanajuato 36500, México 13 14 4Correspondence should be addressed to Susana De la Torre-Zavala; 15 [email protected]. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/766709; this version posted September 12, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 23 Abstract 24 Herein we describe the Archaea diversity in a shallow pond in the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (CCB), 25 Northeast Mexico, with fluctuating hypersaline conditions containing elastic microbial mats that 26 can form small domes where their anoxic inside reminds us of the characteristics of the Archaean 27 Eon, rich in methane and sulfur gases; thus, we named this site the Archaean Domes (AD). -
4 Metabolic and Taxonomic Diversification in Continental Magmatic Hydrothermal Systems
Maximiliano J. Amenabar, Matthew R. Urschel, and Eric S. Boyd 4 Metabolic and taxonomic diversification in continental magmatic hydrothermal systems 4.1 Introduction Hydrothermal systems integrate geological processes from the deep crust to the Earth’s surface yielding an extensive array of spring types with an extraordinary diversity of geochemical compositions. Such geochemical diversity selects for unique metabolic properties expressed through novel enzymes and functional characteristics that are tailored to the specific conditions of their local environment. This dynamic interaction between geochemical variation and biology has played out over evolu- tionary time to engender tightly coupled and efficient biogeochemical cycles. The timescales by which these evolutionary events took place, however, are typically in- accessible for direct observation. This inaccessibility impedes experimentation aimed at understanding the causative principles of linked biological and geological change unless alternative approaches are used. A successful approach that is commonly used in geological studies involves comparative analysis of spatial variations to test ideas about temporal changes that occur over inaccessible (i.e. geological) timescales. The same approach can be used to examine the links between biology and environment with the aim of reconstructing the sequence of evolutionary events that resulted in the diversity of organisms that inhabit modern day hydrothermal environments and the mechanisms by which this sequence of events occurred. By combining molecu- lar biological and geochemical analyses with robust phylogenetic frameworks using approaches commonly referred to as phylogenetic ecology [1, 2], it is now possible to take advantage of variation within the present – the distribution of biodiversity and metabolic strategies across geochemical gradients – to recognize the extent of diversity and the reasons that it exists. -
Genome Sequence of Picrophilus Torridus and Its Implications for Life Around Ph 0
Genome sequence of Picrophilus torridus and its implications for life around pH 0 O. Fu¨ tterer*, A. Angelov*, H. Liesegang*, G. Gottschalk*, C. Schleper†, B. Schepers‡, C. Dock‡, G. Antranikian‡, and W. Liebl*§ *Institut of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany; †Institut of Microbiology and Genetics, Technical University Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstrasse 10, 64287 D-Darmstadt, Germany; and ‡Technical Microbiology, Technical University Hamburg–Harburg, Kasernenstrasse 12, 21073 D-Hamburg, Germany Edited by Dieter So¨ll, Yale University, New Haven, CT, and approved April 20, 2004 (received for review February 26, 2004) The euryarchaea Picrophilus torridus and Picrophilus oshimae are (4–6). After analysis of a number of archaeal and bacterial ge- able to grow around pH 0 at up to 65°C, thus they represent the nomes, it has been argued that microorganisms that live together most thermoacidophilic organisms known. Several features that swap genes at a higher frequency (7, 8). With the genome sequence may contribute to the thermoacidophilic survival strategy of P. of P. torridus, five complete genomes of thermoacidophilic organ- torridus were deduced from analysis of its 1.55-megabase genome. isms are available, which allows a more complex investigation of the P. torridus has the smallest genome among nonparasitic aerobic evolution of organisms sharing the extreme growth conditions of a microorganisms growing on organic substrates and simulta- unique niche in the light of horizontal gene transfer. neously the highest coding density among thermoacidophiles. An exceptionally high ratio of secondary over ATP-consuming primary Methods transport systems demonstrates that the high proton concentra- Sequencing Strategy. -
Extremophiles, a Nifty Tool to Face Environmental Pollution: from Exploitation of Metabolism to Genome Engineering
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Review Extremophiles, a Nifty Tool to Face Environmental Pollution: From Exploitation of Metabolism to Genome Engineering Giovanni Gallo 1,2 , Rosanna Puopolo 1 , Miriam Carbonaro 1, Emanuela Maresca 1 and Gabriella Fiorentino 1,2,* 1 Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Napoli, Italy; [email protected] (G.G.); [email protected] (R.P.); [email protected] (M.C.); [email protected] (E.M.) 2 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR, Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy * Correspondence: fi[email protected] Abstract: Extremophiles are microorganisms that populate habitats considered inhospitable from an anthropocentric point of view and are able to tolerate harsh conditions such as high temperatures, extreme pHs, high concentrations of salts, toxic organic substances, and/or heavy metals. These microorganisms have been broadly studied in the last 30 years and represent precious sources of biomolecules and bioprocesses for many biotechnological applications; in this context, scientific efforts have been focused on the employment of extremophilic microbes and their metabolic pathways to develop biomonitoring and bioremediation strategies to face environmental pollution, as well as to improve biorefineries for the conversion of biomasses into various chemical compounds. This review gives an overview on the peculiar metabolic features of certain