Vascular Plants of Westland National Park (New Zealand) and Neighbouring Lowland and Coastal Areas

New Zealand Journal of Botany

ISSN: 0028-825X (Print) 1175-8643 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tnzb20

P. Wardle

To cite this article: P. Wardle (1975) Vascular Plants of Westland National Park (New Zealand) and Neighbouring Lowland and Coastal Areas, New Zealand Journal of Botany, 13:3, 497-545, DOI: 10.1080/0028825X.1975.10430340 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0028825X.1975.10430340

Published online: 10 Feb 2012.

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Vascular Plants of Westland National Park (New Zealand) and Neighbouring Lowland and Coastal Areas

P. WARDLE Botany Division. DSIR. Private Bag. Christchurch. New Zealand

(Received 5 February 1975)

ABSTRACT

An annotated list of vascular plants in Westland National Park and its vicinity includes about 620 native species. 22 varieties. 26 hybrids, and 114 adventive species. Ecological information is included and records are supported by herbarium specimens.

INTRODUCfION

This annotated species list is based on specimens collected in Westland National Park, and in the adjoining lowland and coastal dis trict between the Karangarua River and the north end of the Okarito Lagoon. The area totals some 150000 ha, of which 88608 ha are within the National Park.

Geographical details are available from the following maps pub lished by the Department of Lands and Survey: L & S 50/3 (Westland National Park); NZMS 1. Sheets 63 (Okarito). S70 (Gillespies). S71 (Waiho). S78 (Bruce Bay). S79 (Mt Cook). S88 (Landsborough).

Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017 Only representative specimens from the collection held in the herbarium at Botany Division (CHR) are cited. The list includes about 620 species and 22 varieties of native plants. 26 hybrids. and 114 ad ventive species. Native species marked with an asterisk do not appear to be within the present boundaries of the National Park. Adventive species occur mainly outside the National Park boundaries. and few have reached the more remote areas. Local concentrations. however. are found where supplies packed in straw have been air-dropped; such species are also marked with an asterisk. Appendices contain additional species recorded by earlier botanists but not confirmed by herbarium

New Zealand Journal of Botany 13: 497-545. 498 New Zealand Journal of Botany 13, 1975 specimens and other species doubtfully present in the study area. Ap pendix III lists native species collected in Westland between the Hoki tika and Haast Rivers, but not within the study area, these mainly being species that reach their southern limits north of the Park, and eastern species that occur in the Landsborough catchment, which lies in the rain shadow of the Hooker Range. This category provides infor mation on patterns of distribution in Westland, and a check on the adequacy of the National Park boundaries.

Nomenclature of indigenous species other than grasses follows Allan (1961) and Moore & Edgar (1970) except where stated otherwise. . Most habitat designations are self-explanatory, but the following require definition. Altitudinal belts (very a pproximate limits): High alpine: above 1 500 m; short, discontinuous vegetation Low alpine: 1200-1500 m; tall grassland and low scrub Subalpine: 800-1 200 m; low forest and tall scrub Montane: 400-800 m; upper belt of tall forest Lowland: below 400 m; lower belt of tall forest

Soils form a sequence of decreasing fertility. For the lowland and montane belts, they are designated as follows: Recent soil: supporting pioneer vegetation or fast-growing small trees demanding fertile conditions. Yellow-brown earth: with well-developed yellow-brown B horizon and supporting fully developed podocarp-hardwood forest. Podzolised yellow-brown earth: with obviously leached A horizon and supporting ]\!Ss-demanding forest communities. Gley podzol: severely leached, drainage impeded by hard pan. and supporting stunted forest, scrub, and herbaceous vegetation. The last is often fire-induced, and is known as pakihi. Lowland swamps: form a similar sequence from fertile to infertile (Wardle 1974). Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017 In alpine vegetation. herbfield is dominated by {orbs rather than sedges and grasses, and tel/field has scattered plants among otherwise bare rock. talus, etc. Piedmont: the area between the sea and the flanks of the Southern Alps, comprising mainly valleys and morainic hills rising to 450 m.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Botany Division staff, especially Mr I. R. Fryer and Mr A. D. Campbell in the field and Dr Elizabeth Edgar for identifications of grasses, sedges, and rushes. and also that of the Chief Ranger (Mr P. Fletcher) and staff of Westland National Park. Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Species Comments CHR No. FERNS AND RELATED PLANTS a~ Adiantum cunninghamii Hook. The only Park records are 120 m at McDonalds Creek and 550 m, Karangarua River, in forest under dry rock ledges, but it is abundant on coastal cliffs south of Paringa. 191854 Asplenium bulbiferum Forst.f. Abundant in forest on recent soils in lowland and montane forest. Coastal plants usually lack bulbils. 157779 ~p; Asplenium falcatum Lam. Collected sea level to 250 m, a common epiphyte in lowland forest. 185610 ::s Asplenium flaccidum Forstf. Epiphytic and rupestral, common lowland to subalpine. 152020 0- Asplenium hookerianum Col. Rock ledges at 950 m, at Flashing Creek (Copland valley) and Christmas Flat (Karangarua valley). Fronds of diverse shape. 203456 ~ * Asplenium obtusatum Forst.f. Coastal forest and scrub; "lucid urn" form in less-exposed places. 166538 (incl. A. lucidum Forst.f.) 166541 - Asplenium richardii Hook.f. Rock crevice at 1200 m, Architects Creek. The same plant, with [ narrow, membranous pinnules, is common in Mount Cook National Park. 214883 ;,0 .... *Blechnum banksii (Hook.f.) Mett. Coastal banks. 179296 ~ ex Diels Blechnum capense (L.) Schlecht. Abundant from sea level to nearly 1 200 m. Three forms, which intergrade or grow in admixture. "minus" form Pinnae few, distant, dark green, up to 2.5 cm wide, lowest pair large. Typical of forest on podzolised soils. 203693 "procerum" form Fronds light green, very long; pinnae becoming gradually smaller towards base. Steep lowland and montane banks, swamp margins. 123543 "subalpine" form Fronds light green, pinnae < 1.5 em wide, usually close-set but fewer than in "procerum" form, lowest pair large. Montane forest, subalpine scrub, and in fertile swamp. 208314 Blechnum chambersii Tindale Lowland and montane forest, mainly on moist banks. Plants on flat (B. lanceolalum in Allan 1961) alluvial ground superficially resemble B. membranaceum. 157778 208370-1 Blechnum discolor (Forst.f.) Keys Usually the main species of the understorey of lowland and montane forest on yellow-brown soils. 166763 Blechnum fluviatile (R.Br.) Salom. In lowland and montane forest, on recently deposited soil by streams and among rocks. Also on coastal banks, but not on as exposed places as B. banksii. 157757 Blechnum nigrum (Col.) MeU. Lowland and montane forest, on dark, wet banks. 157781 \0~ Blechnum patersonii (R.Br.) Mett. Lowland and montane forest, on steep banks. 125750 \0 Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Blechnum pennamarina (Poir.) Kuhn Lowland to subalpine, abundant on recent, dry, gravelly soils in open VI or light shade. 166572 8 Blechnum vulcanicum (Blume) Kuhn Rather local, on lowland and montane banks. 123536 Cyathea colensoi (Hook.f.) Domin Upper montane forest, descending to lowlands on frosty sites. 123535 Cyathea cunninghamii Hook.f. Common along the base of the outer ranges, and also coastal. Adult plants intermediate between C. medullaris and C. smithii; as tall as the former but less massive. Young plants have stems much more slender than other cyatheas, but are rarely encountered. 179101 Cyathea medullaris (Forst.f.) Swartz In coastal forest. Also common in gorge of McDonalds Creek, and one or two plants near terminal faces of Franz Josef and Fox Glaciers. 166510 Cyathea smithii Hook.f. Abundant in lowland and montane forest. 179098 Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bemh. Only records are 950 m at McKenna Creek, under dry rock; and at 850 m among rocks on moraine of La Perouse Glacier. 203402 * Dicksonia fibrosa Col. A few plants at east end of Lake Wahapo, and one at Potters Creek. More numerous in young forest on fiats of Ohinetamatea River. 152040 Z Dicksonia lanata Col. Large colonies, but local, at 150--680 m on north slopes of piedmont 0 hills, in forest. 166791 ~ Dicksonia squarrosa (Forst.f.) Swartz Abundant in lowland forest, especially in fiat gullies and on river N fiats. 179099 ~ Gleichenia circinata Swartz and Sea level to 600 m on gley podzol soils. Typical "circinata" is on !» G. microphylla R.Br. open sites; plants keying to "microphyUa" tend to be in stunted l:I forest, but the two intermingle and there are clones difficult to refer 0- ..... to either species. 191971 0 r:: 208315 .... 199227 l:I Gleichcnia cunninghamii Hew. ex Hook. Usually lowland to montane, occasionally to 1 050 m, in forest e:. on podzolised soils. 166943 0 Grammitis billardieri Willd. Lowland to 600 m, abundant as an epiphyte near the base of tree trunks. Fronds tufted, usually with hairs on stipes. -to 203691 0 157776 j;; l:I Grammitis heterophylla Labill. Common epiphyte in lowland and montane forest. 157754 '< Grammitis pumila J. B. Armst. Rupestral, mainly low alpine, but collected at 600 m at Roberts Point. 191834 -w Grammitis "species A" Mainly upper montane and subalpine on dry or wet, shaded rock ledges, but descends to valleys of Franz Josef and Fox Glaciers. \0 --..J Stipes and sori usually ciliate, rhizomes more-or-Iess elongated. 214882 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Grammitis "species B" Collected at 250 m, Fox valley. A forest epiphyte, fronds tufted with :E hairs on margins and back. 157776 ..,III Histiopteris incisa (Thunb.) J. Smith Abundant in damaged lowland and montane forest. 123529 0.. Hymenophyllum armstrongii (Baker) Kirk Lowland, on trunks of Dacrydium cupressinum trees; also collected 0- from two steep, dry rock faces at 800 m in the upper catchment I of Karangarua River. 218804 :E Hymenophyllum demissum (Forst.f.) Swartz Lowland, mainly on forest floor. 185630 0 Hymenophyllum dilatatum (Forst.f.) Swartz Epiphyte in lowland forest. 185632 :::.'" III Hymenophyllum ferrugineum Colla Epiphyte in lowland and montane forest. 185628 ::l Hymenophyllum flabellatum Labill. Epiphyte in lowland forest. 203686 0.. Hymenophyllum flexuosum A. Cunn. Epiphyte in lowland forest. A plant with plane wings on stipes was Z collected at 370 m (152034). 185626 III Hymenophyllum lyallii Hook.f. Epiphyte in lowland and montane forest to 750 m, usually in rather -o· dark, damp places. 203698 ::l Hymenophyllum malingii (Hook.) Mett. Epiphyte in lowland to subalpine forest, usually on dead trunks of a Libocedrus bidwillii. 152012 '"C Hymenophyllum minimum A. Rich. Turf on exposed coastal rocks. 208329 ..,III Hymenophyllum multifidum (ForsU.) Swartz Lowland to nearly 1 200 m; abundant; epiphytic in forest and scrub, ;>'\" and rupestral especially at high altitudes. 191972 Hymenophyllum peltatum (Poir.) Desv. Collected in glacial valleys of Fox and Franz Josef Glaciers, and at 1 300 m in Architects Creek. Usually in rock crevices. 133065 Hymenophyllum pulcherrimum Col. Epiphyte in young forest on moraine of Fox Glacier, and at base of Cone Rock. 203663 Hymenophyllum rarum R.Br. Epiphyte, two records in Franz Josef area. 203682 Hymenophyllum revolutum Col. Epiphyte near base of tree trunks, in lowland forest. 208308 Hymenophyllum rufescens Kirk Epiphyte in lowland and montane forest. 203697 Hymenophyllum sanguinolentum (Forst.f.) Abundant epiphyte in lowland forest. Fronds usually flat, but some Swartz plants from more exposed sites and higher altitudes have small fronds with reftexed pinnae. 185735 179010 Hymenophyllum scabrum A. Rich. Epiphyte in lowland forest. 185634 Hymenophyllum villosum Col. Epiphyte at 400 m, in frosty ravine; rupestral at 1 100-1 200 m, Copland Range and similar sites at Marks Flat. 203699 Hypolepis millefolium Hook. Montane to low alpine, abundant on recent soils in forest and in opcln. 191924 Hypolepis rufobarbata (Col.) N. A. Wakefield Lowland and lower montane, mainly on recent soils in forest. 157794 VI 166601 -0 Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

VI *Hypolepis rugosula (Labill.) J. Smith Stable dunes, usually among gorse. 195141 0 lsoetes alpin us Kirk Two records; tam at I 200 m on Mt Fox, and Lake Mapourika. N Submerged aquatic. 166826 *Lastreopsis glabella (A. Cunn.) Tindale Rare in coastal Melicytus rami/loms forest, Waikowhai and Waiho (Ctenitis glabella in Allan 1961) bluffs. 208339 Lastreopsis hispida (Swartz) Tindale Common in lowland forest. 152022 (Rumohra hispida in Allan 1961) Leptolepia novae-zelandiae (Col.) Kuhn Lowland, rather local, mainly by tracks through forest. 199222 Lindsaea trichomanoides Dryand. Fairly common on floor of lowland Dacrydium cupressinum forest. 152021 Lycopodium australianum (Herter) Allan Low alpine, in stony grassland; also on rock at 250 m near Franz Josef Glacier, and in swamp at 90 m, Lake Mapourika. 166902 Lycopodium fastigatum R.Br. Common in low alpine and subalpine short grassland, as short, lax plants with solitary or paired strobili; also among grass on lowland river flats, as tall fastigiate plants with clustered strobili. 166903 179068 Lycopodium ramulosum Kirk Piedmont, and at 600 m on upper Karangarua track. In stunted vegetation on bog and gley podzol. 166517 {IIz Lycopodium scariosum Forst. f. Lowland, mainly in open forest developing on moraine; also on ~ banks. 157775 Lycopodium varium R.Br. The plants in the Park fit three described species. They intergrade, ~ and it is uncertain how much of the variation is habitat-induced. E;i Lowland to montane, common. 8- "varium." Usually rupestral. Stems ascending, but reflexed at tips. .... Strobili to 9 em. tetragonous. Sporophylls densely imbricate, to 4 o mm, long-pointed. 179082 c "intermediate." Epiphytic, pendulous, strobili not as dense nor as 8 distinctly tetragonous as in "varium". 77765 e:. "novae-zelandicum." Epiphytic, pendulous. Leaves and sporophylls o..... more or less distant, sporophylls to 4 mm, long-pointed. 205257 "billardieri." A rare, superficially distinct epiphyte. The proximal t:l:1 sa sporophylls are like those of "novae-zelandicum", but the distal I» ones are 1.5 mm, short-pointed, and aggregated into slender strobili ::s to 11 em long. 214910 '< Lycopodium volubile Forst. f. Rather local; lowland to montane, scrambling through well-lighted !-H- forest. 199217 Ophioglossum coriaceum A. Cunn. Among short grass on dry ground. Coastal to subalpine. 166949 \0 -...... Paesia scaberula (A. Rich.) Kuhn Lowland to montane, mainly slips and cleared areas. 123522 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Phymatosorus diversifolius (Willd.) Pic. Ser. Abundant as climbing epiphyte, and on ground in forest developing ~ (Phymatodes diversifolium in Allan 1961) on moraine. Lowland, but occasional to 1 080 m among rocks of ~ moraines. 157765 a Pnellmatopteris pennigera (ForstJ.) Holttum Occasional in lowland forest, on moist, recent soils. 152041 (Thelypteris pennigera in Allan 1961) Polystichum cystostegia (Hook.) Cheesem. Alpine, among rocks. 166834 Polystichum vestitum (Forst.f.) Presl Abundant in upper montane and subalpine forest on recent soils. I Occasionally alpine, to 1 600 m. Lowland plants generally small ....~ ii> and sterile. 199221 ::I ·Pteridium aquilinllm var. esculentum (ForstJ.) Local pockets, mainly on old beach ridges. 179163 0.. Kuhn ·Pteris macilenta A. Rich. In scrub on coastal talus. 166504 ....~ Pyrrosia serpens (Forstf.) Ching Lowland and coastal, epiphyte on exposed branches. 157802 o· Rumohra adiantiformis (Forst.f.) Ching Climbing on tree trunks in lowland forest 152019 ::I Schizaea fistulosa Labill. Piedmont, in stunted vegetation on gley podzol soils; also to 1 100 e!. m, in upper Karangarua valley. 191903 ~ Tmesipteris tannensis Bernh. Epiphytic on tree fern trunks in lowland forest. 152037 ~ .... Todea hymenophylloides A. Rich. Occasional in dry places in lowland forest. 157753 X" Todea sllperba Col. Common in humid forest with relatively recent soils. To 600 m, occasionally to 800 m. 166773 Trichomanes colensoi Hook.f. Covering rocks on forest floor on unstable slopes at base of outer ranges. 203678 Trichomanes reniforme Forst.f. Abundant on tree bases and fallen logs in lowland forest. 166771 Trichomanes strictum Menzies ex Hook. Sea level to 1400 ft, on shaded banks and bases of trees. Rather et Grev. local. 208301 Trichomanes venosum R.Br. Epiphyte on tree ferns in lowland forest. 203665

CONIFERS Dacrycarpus dacrydioides A. Rich. Abundant on wet alluvial soils and swamps in lowlands; in Karanga rua valley to Cassel Flat, and shorter distances up other mountain valleys. 179005 Dacrydium bidwillii Hook.f. ex Kirk Piedmont. Between Cook and Waiho Rivers in stunted vegetation on gley podzol soils; and in boggy openings in Dacrycarpus dacrydioides forest, Ohinetamatea River. 199228 Dacrydium biforme (Hook.) Pilger Piedmont, in stunted forest on gley podzols between Cook and Waiho Rivers, and on similar soils in the Karangarua catchment VI up to 1000 m. 199246 8 Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Dacrydium colensoi Hook. On gley podzols and infertile swamp in lowland forest, especially Vl between Cook and Waiho Rivers; also in middle reaches of ~ Karangarua and Regina valleys at 600 m. 191868 Dacrydium cupressinum Lamb. Abundant in lowland and lower montane forest, sometimes ascending to 600 m. 166970 Dacrydium intermedium Kirk On heavily leached soils on piedmont moraine ridges. 125786 Dacrydium laxi/olium Hook.f. Piedmont, in stunted vegetation on gley podzol soils between Cook and Waiho Rivers; also at I 000 m in upper Karangarua valley. 166519 Libocedrus bidwillii Hook.f. Characteristic of lower subalpine forest, and also common in frosty lowland valleys. 166786 Phyllocladus a/pinus Hook.f. Lowland ecotype Piedmont, abundant in stunted forest on gley podzols and bog between sea and mountains. 166501 Timberline ecotype Subalpine in heads of valleys near Main Divide. The ecotypes mingle on boggy sites in the upper Karangarua and Regina valleys. 166736 Podocarpus acutifolius Kirk Typical form recorded only on piedmont moraine at Omoeroa Saddle and south of Omoeroa River. 203669 z Podocarpus /erruginells G. Benn. ex D. Don Common to locally abundant through lowland and lower montane o forests. 166503 ~ Podocarplls hallii Kirk Common in forest, lowland to lower subalpine. 166772 ~ Podocarplls nivalis Hook. Subalpine in heads of valleys near Main Divide. 179225 ~ PodocarplIs spicatliS R.Br. ex Mirbel Fertile lowland soils; ascending Karangarua valley to Cassel Flat, ~ and Copland valley to c. 350 m. 166789 8. Podocarplis totara var. waihoensis Wardle Abundant on stony soils in lowland river valleys, and in swamps...... Also at Cassel Flat and Welcome Flat (450 m). 166790 o as:: DICOTYLEDONS e: A brotanella Iinearis Bergg. Recorded from wet grassland on Alex Knob at I 250 m and Mt Fox o.... at 1000 m. 166785 O;j Abrotanella linearis var. apicll/ata Simpson et Recorded from wet ground on Mt Fox and Copland Range, 1200 ~ Thomson m and 1 300 m respectively. Clearly a species distinct from A. ~ ::s Iinearis and occurring also in Fiordland. 166895 '< Acaena anserinifolia (J. R. et G. Forst.) Druce Lowland to subalpine grassy places 166761 Acaena anserini/olia var. sericeinitens (Bitter) Subalpine stony ground. Douglas valley and upper Callery. Possibly :u Allan (or A. hirslltlila Bitter'?) intergrades with A. anserinifolia. 214868 ..... 'C> Acaena cf. novae-zelandiae Kirk Occasional on sand dunes at Okarito Spit and Five Mile Lagoon. 218718 -...I Aciphylla crenulata J. B. Armst. Common in low-alpine Chionochloa grassland. 203430 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Aciphylla horrida W. R. B. Oliver Upper subalpine; mainly on outer ranges, but also recorded from head of Copland River. 157763 ~ Aciphylla cf. multisecta Cheesem. or High alpine, in short grassland and fellfield. Stipules of A. divisa. a.. A. divisa Cheesem. other characters intermediate; smaller than typical plants of either spp. 166885 Aciphylla cf. simi/is Cheesem. A male plant fitting the description of A. gracilis was collected from f the west side of Neophyte (head of Callery River) at 1 310 m in Chionochloa pallens grassland. However, on grounds of ~ ~ distribution it may be better regarded as a slender example of a ::l plant collected in the Perth and Hokitika catchments, which seems 0- closest to A. simiJis. 214954 Alseuosmia pusilla Col. Occasional in lowland forest along foot of main ranges south to Fox ~ Glacier. First found by J. Taylor in 1964. 157755 Anisotome aromatica cf. var. flabellifolia Abundant in low-alpine grassland to 1 300 m. Also occasional on -g' (Simpson) Allan piedmont, in stunted vegetation on gley podzol soils; the latter a plants are rather variable, some plants having almost pinnatifid ;p pinnae with narrow segments. 166926 .., 166575 ~ Anisotome flexuosa Dawson High-alpine short grassland and herbfield. Differs from preceding species in contracted inflorescence, well-developed lobes of leaf sheaths, and lamina almost sessile. 218816 Anisotome haastii (F. Muell. ex HookJ.) Low alpine, mainly on steep bluffs and among scrub, but probably Ckn. et Laing once more widespread; browse-susceptible. 166862 Anisotome imbricata (Hook.f.) Ckn. High alpine, mainly in cushion-plant communities on ridges. 214918 Anisotome pili/era (HookJ.) Ckn. et Laing High alpine; occasional among rocks. 166870 *Apium fiJi/orme (A. Rich.) Hook.f. In salt-influenced vegetation on coastal cliffs. 179298 Archeria traversii HookJ. Common in SUbalpine scrub; descends to nearly 300 m on cold sites. 166767 Aristotelia fruticosa HookJ. Montane and subalpine, and in frosty lowland valleys; common on recent soils. 166794 Aristotelia serrata (J. R. et G. Forst.) Lowland and montane, abundant on slips. 157770 W. R. B. Oliver Ascarina [ucida Hook.f. Lowland forest, mainly in wet gullies. 166977 ·Callitriche muelleri Sond. Two records from Okarito Spit; on flooded ground, and on cattle track. 195160 ·Callitriche petriei R. Mason Okarito Lagoon (R. Mason); also collected from mud on bank of Waitangiroto River. 107248 Caltha novae-zelandiae Hook.f. Alpine, abundant in wet places in grassland. VI 166896 o ·Calystegia soldan ella (L.) R.Br. Coastal, on unstable sand. 195161 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

*Calystegia tuguriorum (Forstf.) R.Br. ex Common in coastal scrub. 199264 VI Hook.f. ~ Cardamine "alpine" Common on high-alpine loose talus to 1 920 m; also collected in watercourse at 600 m, Lame Duck Flat. Leaves bright green, with 1-2 pairs of small lobes below the terminal leaflet. Capsules 10-12 mm long, subumbellate, and sunken among leaves through reduction of central peduncle. 203435 Curdamine debilis Banks ex DC. Common on recent soils and disturbed ground, mainly coastal to montane, ascending to low alpine. Capsules 15-25 mm long, usuaIly in lax racemes terminating leafy branches. Rare plants on alpine talus with simple, entire leaves and few capsules on long, slender pedicels appear to be a reduced form of this species (e.g., 214897). 179084 Carmichaelia arborea (Forstf.) Druce Lowland, on river banks and in open swamp. Also Karangarua vaHey to beyond Cassel Flat on avalanche-swept slope at 300 m. 166953 ~armichadiacf. grandi/lora (Benth.) Hook.f. Abundant in mountain valleys on river beds and slips; occasional in subalpine scrub, and on coastal slip at Galway Point. South Westland plants lie on a cline between C. grandi/lora (type locality Z -Milford Sound) and C. angustata (type locality-Buller River). 166513 C1> Carmichaelia nigrans Simpson Occasional on river shingle; below Franz Josef terminal face; Fox ~ valley; Cook River flats; Welcome Flat. 125729 ~ Carpodetus serratus J. R. et G. Forst. Lowland and montane, mainly on slips and in disturbed forest. 123533 I» Cassinia vauvil/iersii (Homb. et Jacq. Hook.f.) Lowland to subalpine, occasional in scrub. 179069 ;- ::s =C. /u/vida var. montana Allan) 0.- Celmisia armstrongii Petrie Common in subalpine and low-alpine grassland, mainly on outer ...... ranges, descending to 600 m at Architects Creek. 166547 0 t:: Ce/misia bellidioides Hook.f. Damp crevices; on roches moutonnees below Franz Josef Glacier; .... 1 200 m at head of Callery River. 179104 ::s Celmisia coriacea (Forst.f.) Hook.f. Common in openings in subalpine scrub and in subalpine grassland. ~ Also near Skiffington Swamp on piedmont moraine, and in grassy 0 areas below Franz Josef Glacier. 166583 -OJ Celmisia cf. du-rietzii Ckn. et Allan ex Martin Subalpine and alpine; mainly among rocks. 166917 ~ Celmisia g/andulosa Hook.f. Subalpine and alpine. Boggy grassland and bog. 166841 I» ::s Celmisia gracilenta Hook.f. sens. lat. Stony, well-drained places in subalpine and low-alpine grassland in '< the upper valleys of the Karangarua and Douglas Rivers. 179247 ..... Celmisia gramini/olia Hook.f. Piedmont moraines, stunted vegetation on bogs and gley podzol. 166581 .;.u Ce/misia haastii Hook.f. High alpine, short grassland and herbfield. 191802 ..... '-0 Celmisia hectori Hook.f. High alpine, in late snow areas on Karangarua Saddle and the range ~ between Karangarua and Douglas valleys. Northern limit? 191954 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Celmisia petiolata Hook.f. Locally abundant in low alpine grassland; also on riverflat below :e Franz Josef Glacier. 185766 ~ Celmisia sessilitlora Hook.f. Alpine, abund:lDt in short herbfield. 166615 a.. Celmisia vespertina Given High alpine, common in grassland and herbfield. 166914 Celmisia walkeri Kirk Subalpine and low alpine, abundant in stony grassland, especially f where depleted by grazing. 166898 :e ·Centella unitlora (Col.) Nannf. Mainly coastal. on dunes, rocks, and in infertile swamp; also on low land river flats. 179016 c:.~ ~ Claytonia australasica Hook.f. Mainly high alpine on damp rubble, but descending to 80 m on ::s ground flooded by Karangarua River; also in lower Tatare gorge. 166867 0.. Clematis paniclliata Gmel. Occasional in lowland forest. 179065 Alpine, stony ground. Some populations include plants with apiculate Colobanthlls aOinis (Hook.) Hook.f. ...~ calyx lobes which approach C. apetaills var. alpin us. 195182 o· 166923 ::s Colobanthlls canaliclllatlls Kirk To 2 OO~m in high-alpine fell field. Distinguished from C. monticola e. by having both margins and dorsal midrib thickened, and it is '"C more tolerant of late-lying snow. 195191 ...~ Colobanthus monticola Petrie To 2000 m in high-alpine fellfield, mainly in dry places. Only leaf X"' margins thickened. 191944 Colobanthlls strictllS Cheesem. One record; pioneer on moraines of La Perouse Glacier. 185787 Coprosma astonii Petrie Montane and subalpine; recent soils in forest. 157795 Coprosma brunnea (Kirk) Ckn. ex Cheesem. Lowland and montane river be:!; sand dunes at GiIlespies Beach. Leaves almost flat, 6-8 mm long. 179087 179183 Coprosma cf. brunnea Lowland infertile swamp. Leaves tending triangular in cross section, 1-2 em long. 166516 203688 218574 Coprosma cheesemanii W. R. B. Oliver Subalpine and low alpine; among boulders in grassland and low scrub. 185797 Coprosma ciliata Hook.f. Subalpine and low alpine; scrub, and among boulders. Leaf margins ciliate, drupes dark red. 179231 Coprosma colensoi Hook.f. Montane forest on yellow-brown soils. Narrow-leaved plants keying to C. banksii are regarded as variant forms. 166777 195138

Coprosma crenulata W. R. B. Oliver Subalpine, local on poorly drained ~ites. 191813 VI Coprosma depressa Col. ex Hook.f. Subalpine, abundant in scrub and low forest on recent soils. 185756 ::3

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Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Forst. Forst.

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Petrie Petrie

subsp. subsp.

W. W.

parviflora parviflora

Hook.f. Hook.f.

willcoxii willcoxii

rigida rigida

propinqua propinqua

pumila pumila

foetidissima foetidissima

lucida lucida

pselldocuncata pselldocuncata

ct. ct. pselldoclIncata pselldoclIncata rugosa rugosa

wallii wallii

rhamnoides rhamnoides rotundifolia rotundifolia

serrlliala serrlliala

arborea arborea

(c. (c.

pillmosa pillmosa

sarmentosa sarmentosa

coronoTJifolia coronoTJifolia

pectinata pectinata

dioica dioica

sqllalida sqllalida

Lloyd Lloyd polymorpha polymorpha

"alpine" "alpine"

"erect'" "erect'"

Cotllia Cotllia

Coriaria Coriaria

Cotllia Cotllia

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Coprosma Coprosma

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*Cotllia *Cotllia *Cotllla *Cotllla Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Craspedia lanata var. dongata Allan Lowland to lower montane, stony open river fiats. 179134 Craspedia cf. major (Hook.f.) Allan Alpine; crevices in bluffs and in flushes. Leaves to 6 X 2 cm; short, ~ hispid hairs on lower surface; short, stiff, glandular hairs on a margin. Young leaves also with somewhat inconspicuous fine hairs at right angles to margin. Heads to 2.5 cm across. Usually distinct from following species, but possibly intergrades. 214896 Craspedia cf. minor (HookJ.) Allan Low-alpinc grassland; also Copland valley on bouldery river bank ~ at 100 m and landslide at 750 m. Leaves to 3 X 1.2 em; long t:! I» pointed hairs on lower surface, marginal hairs not conspicuously ::s glandular. Young leaves with dense band of hairs lying parallel 0- to margin. Heads to 1.7 cm across. 166893 Piedmont moraines, in stunted vegetation on gley podzol soils. Cyalhodes empelrifolia HookJ. 166521 ~ Cyalhodes fraser; (A. Cunn.) Allan Flats of Cook and Waiho Rivers and on Okarito Spit. Also on knolls in low-alpine grassland, Burton Range. 166998 g' Cyathodes juniperina O. R. et G. Forst.) Druce Occasional in scrub on piedmont moraines. Also in scrub at 1 000 m, e:. upper Karangarua vaHey. 199245 ;,t' Cyathodes pllmila Hook.f. Low alpine; in short grassland on shallow soils. Fox Range, Copland ... Range, and Twain Col. 179200 :-;- • Dichondra brevifolia Buchan. Coastal, in dune grassland. Okarito Spit and Lake Windermere. 185705 Donatia novae-zelandiae Hook.f. Piedmont moraine; local in very stunted vegetation on gley podzol soils. Also forming "cushion bogs" on wet, shallow soil at 1 000- 1 200 m on Bare Rocky Range and at 1 250 m at head of Wai kukupa River. 199205 Dracophyllllm fiordense W. R. B. Oliver 1 000--1 200 m at upper limits of tall subalpine scrub, usually sheltered by bluffs. Upper Karangarua River, Douglas River, Architects Creek, Mt Fox, Mt Moltke, A]ex Knob. 191896 Dracophyllllm kirkii Bergg. Alpine; mainly on steep rocky slopes facing north. 166881 Dmcop/tyllllm longifolillm O. R. et G. Forst.) Subalpine scrub, abundant. Also in successions on moraine down to R.Br. 200 m. In scrub on gley podzols on piedmont moraine (these plants are stunted with short leaves, and key to D. oliveri). ]66554 ]66595 Dracophyllllm menziesii Hook.f. Subalpine, fairly rare but distributed throughout Karangarua catch ment on south aspects. One plant collected on Fox Range, above McKenna Creek. 179202 Dracophyllllm palllsire Ckn. ex W. R. B. Piedmont moraines, in stunted vegetation on very wet areas. 166522 Oliver Dracop/tyl/um Iraversii Hook.f. Upper montane and subalpine, in forest and tall scrub. Also on VI piedmont moraine in frosty places above 300 m. 157764 ~ Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

v. Dracophy/lum unif/orum Hook.f. Mainly subalpine and low alpine, abundant in low scrub. Occasion ..... ally down to 200 m in frosty places. 191%7 o Drapetes dief/enbachii Hook. Occasional in low-alpine grassland on Fox Range, Alex Knob, and near Copland Pass. (Common in Landsborough catchment). 228011 Drapetes lyallii Hook.f. High alpine., abundant in low herbfield. 166846 Drapetes multi/lorus (Cheesem.) Allan Collected on Alex Knob and Mt Fox at 1 200 m, in shrubby grass land, and at I 000 m on wet, shallow soils on the slopes of Bare Rocky Range. Southern extension of the range of a species found mainly in Nelson. 191%2 Drosera orcturi Hook. Mainly subalpine and low alpine, but also on piedmont moraines. Bog. 199253 Drosera binatCl Labill. Infertile swamp and pakihi, south to Lake Mapourika. 166638 Drosera spathulata Labill. Lowland and montane in low scrub and herbaceous vegetation on gley podzol soils and in bog. 199207 Drosera stenopetala Hook.f. Piedmont above 300 m, in tall scrub on gley podzol. Also in similar vegetation at 850 m in middle reaches of Karangarua valley. 199210 EiaeocarplIs dentatlls (J. R. et G. Forst.) Vahl Very rare in lowland forest; two localities near Lake Mapourika, z and at south end of Copland Range. 166967 ~ Elaeocarpus hookerianus Raoul Lowland and montane forest, usually on poorly-drained sites. 166971 "Elmine gratioloides A. Cunn. One record; on mud, usually under water, Okarito Spit. 195140 ~ Epilobium alsinoides ii> subsp. atriplicifolillm (A. Cunn.) Raven et Lowland to 1 500 m, grassland. 179251 ::s Engel. Q.. subsp. tenllipes (Hook.f.) Raven et Engel. Grassland on stony flat at Horace Walker River, 900 m. (Also in o...... Landsborough valley). 228196 c: Epilobium brunnescens (Ckn.) Raven Coastal to 1 500 m, abundant on open river beds, slips, and loose talus; also in shallow rivulets and on margins of tams. Plants ~ keying to the following entities have been collected, but so far it ....o has not been possible to make convincing separations. I:;I:j var. brunnescens The prevalent form at lower altitudes. 185737 ~ var. minutillorum (Ckn.) Raven. Wet places, mainly above 1200 m. P> ::s Leaves tend to be more acute than in var. brunnescens. 228071 '< *Epi/obium chionant/zum Hauss. One record; north of Havelock Creek (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107191 ..... Epilobium chloraelolium Hauss. Openings in subalpine scrub. 199287 .l;j Epilobium glabellllm Forst.f. (including E. Lowland to 2050 m; common on river bed, slips, alpine scree. 166904 crubescens & E. rubro-morginotum) 185740 \0 -...l 191942 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Epilobium insulare Hauss. 580 m in swamp, top flat in Architects Creek. 214890 Epilobium komarovianum Lev. Swamp, I 200 m, Copland Range and Douglas Glacier. Distinguished ~ from E. brunnescens by depressions between main veins in upper a. surface. 228200 'if Epilobium macropus Hook. Shallow spring, 1 100 m, near head of Callery River. 214941 Epilobium melanocaulon Hook. Subalpine and lower a/pine; gravel flats and moraine close to Main Divide. 179221 ~ C Epilobium microphyllum A. Rich. Lowland gravel flood plains. 166997 ." ::I Epilobium nerterioides A. Cunn. Upper Copland valley on landslide at 750 m; Cassel Flat, on river 0- bank; 200 m; bouldery bank of Copland River at 100 m. Distinguished from E. brunnescens by distinct petiole, which can be ....~ nearly as long as lamina. 179116 o· *Epilobium pallidiflorum Sol. ex A. Cunn. One record; north of Havelock Creek (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107189 ::I Epilobium pedunculare A. Cunn. Lowland, occasional in moist gravelly places. 166780 e:. (=E. linnaeoides in Allan 1961) ;; Epilobium pernitens Ckn. et Allan On talus at high altitudes; also turfy depressions on summit of Alex Knob. Plants referred to this species have completely glabrous ~ ovaries. 228041 Epilobium pictum Petrie One record; landslide in upper Copland valley at 750 m. 203423 Epilobillm porphyrium Simpson et Thomson High alpine on loose talus. Usually with E. glabellum, and dis tinguished from it by dull green or reddish leaves, earlier flowering, and upper internodes elongating as capsules ripen. 22e042 Epilobium cf. porphyrium Scattered plants on loose moraine and scree about 1 200 m at Callery, Burton, and Fitzgerald Glaciers. Habit of E. pycnostachyum but leaves entire. Distinguished from E. porphyrium by light purplish coloration of plant, and close-set upper leaves and capSUles. 214929 EpiIobium pubens A. Rich. Unstable bank on Cook Bluff, 60 m; Copland valley, damp grassland at 450 m and landslides up to 750 m. 203422 EpiIobium rotundifolium Forst.f. Roadside through forest, Waiho glacial valley. 228174 *Eryngium vesiculosum Labill. Coastal; salt meadow on Okarito Spit. 195149 *Euphrasia disperma Hook.f. In stunted vegetation on gley podzols, and in bogs bordering coastal lagoons. Okarito and Five Mile. 195155 Euphrasia petriei M. B. Ashwin From Franz losef Glacier to Fox Range, above 1 250 m in rocky places. 191949 VI Euphrasia revoluta Hook.f. 1 200 m to 2000 m in short grassland and herbfield. 191952 Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Vi Euphrasia ct. zelandica Wettst. Subalpine and lower alpine in grassland and on boggy ground. This >- is the commonest Euphrasia in the district. It may be closer to the N Fiordland E. australis than to E. zelandica, but the pedicels are short. In the northern part of the Park some plants have the yellow of the corolla throat extending to the lobes, sugggesting a transition to E. eockaynianum, which has not been definitely collected south of Arthur's Pass. The glandular hairs on the calyx, smaller flowers, and absence of adventitious roots distinguish this plant from E. revoluta. 166930 Forstera ct. sedifolia Forstf. Common in alpine grassland and herbfield. Plant relatively slender, Species A with purple-backed leaves 4-5 mm long, corolla short (6-9 mm). sepals penicillate. bracts usually overlapping calyx. This plant is widespread on the South Island mountains, and is usually regarded as F. sedifolia, but probably incorrectly, as that name was first applied to plants collected In the south-western Fiords. 166879 Species B Occasional in low-alpine grassland from Mt Fox southwards. Plant stouter than the preceding species, with leaves 6-8 mm long and pale green dorsally. The corolla is 10-15 mm long, and the sepal ~ tips nearly glabrous. This is the common species on the mountains ~ of Fiordland and Stewart Island, and probably includes the types of ~ both F. sedifolia and F. sedifolia var. oeulata Cheesem. 191825 p,; Forstera tene/la Hook.f. Wet openings in successional scrub in Waiho and Fox valleys below glaciers; montane to low alpine in grassland. usually in wet a .... places. Distinguished from F. cf. sedifolia by absence of conspicu- o ous midrib on lower leaf surface. 199202 c: Fuchsia excorticata (J. R. et G. Forst.) LinnJ. Lowland and montane; damaged forest and wet gullies. Locally, g it has been much diminished through browsing by opossums. 185728 ~ Fuchsia perseandens (Ckn. et Allan) Lowland. in forest margins and swampy glades from McDonalds Creek northwards. 185716 a Galium perpusillum (HookJ.) Allan Lowland and montane. mainly in grassland on valley flats. 179066 ~ Galium tenuieaule A. Cunn. (G. trilobum Col.) One record; wet ground under Daerycarplis dacrydioides trees, Iir :;, Gillespies Beach. 208333 '< Gaultheria antipoda Forstf. Scattered occurrences. from sea level to 600 m; on rock. and in bog. grassland and openings in beech forest on gley podzol soils. 191976 :u- Gaultheria depressa var. novae-zelandiae Mainly subalpine and alpine. to 1 550 m in grassland and short Franklin herbfield, but also down to 300 m in stunted vegetation on pied \0 --..,J mont moraines. 191846 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Gaultheria rupestris (Linn.f.) D. Don var. Frosty lowland valleys to 350 m (especially near Franz Josef and rupestris Fox Glaciers) mainly in successional scrub. 179079 ~ Gaultheria rupestris var. parviflora Hook.f. Subalpine and low alpine to I 600 m, in scrub and rocky places. a (G. crassa in Allan 1961). Intermediates with var. rupestris occur at lower altitudes; distinc tion does not seem of specific rank. 166882 f Gentiana Five distinct entities are recognisable, but the following names must be regarded as tentative until the genus is properly studied in New ~ :::. Zealand. 1>0 Gentiana d. bellidifolia Hook.f. I 200 m-I 500 m, in grassland and low herbfield. Stoloniferous, 8- forming small patches. The peduncles are <15 em tall, and bear 1-3 large flowers. 166931 ~ Gentiana cf. divisa (Kirk) Cheesem. To 1 600 m in alpine grassland, low herbfield, and sparsely vegetated areas. Rosettes simple, to 4 cm across; flowers densely massed on - peduncles < 10 em tall. 166933 [ Genliana d. grisebachii Hook.f. On grassy flats of Horace Walker River at 1 000 m. A small plant with weak peduncles to 10 em long, rising from a single rosette ...~ and each bearing one flower. Similar plants occur in comparable :>I" habitats at Marks Flat in the Landsborough catchment and at localities further south. 179246 Genliana d. pa/ula (Kirk) Cheesem. Mainly in openings in subalpine scrub, but descending to 600 m at Architects Creek, and just rcaching alpine grassland at I 300 m. Biennial with several flowering stems to 30 em tall, terminating in umbels of up to 10 flowers. 166578 191877 Gentiana cf. spenceri Kirk In herbaceous vegetation on piedmont moraines between Omoera and Cook Rivers. Resembles the preceding species, but rosette leaves with broad-ovate laminae abruptly narrowed to long. slender petioles. Leaves and stems reddish, corolla pinkish blue towards base. 223986 Geranium microphyllum Hook.f. Subalpine and low-alpine grassland. 166609 Geranium sessiliflorum subsp. Grassland at 200 m on flats of Waikukupa River, also similar novae-zelandiae Carolin habitat in the Landsborough catchment. Differences from G. micro phyllum do not seem clear cut. 199211 Geum parviflorum Smith Mainly subalpine and low-alpine grassland, occasionally to floors of mountain valleys in moist, open places. Small plants from I 300 VI ..... m. Mt Spencer, have some characters of G. leiospermum (228069). 179222 w Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

VI Gingidium mon/anum J. R. et G. Forst. Talus, alluvial gravel, and rock crevices to 1 250 m, commonest in ..... (Angelica montana in Allan 1%1) mountain valleys of Fox and Waiho because of freedom from .j::. browsing. 185693 *Glossos/igma elatinoides Benth. Lowland and coastal fcrtile swamp. 203476 Gnaphalillm audax subsp. ruahinicum Drury Coastal to 1 COOm in grassland, and as pioneer on dunes, slips, and alluvium. 185724 179244 "Gnaphalium delica/um Drury Collected in grassland on Okarito Spit. 195158 Gnaphalium cf. hookeri Allan Damp stony places in narrow lowland valleys. Indistinguishable from southern populations of G. lwokeri. but it is possible that the local plants are hybrids as they occur scattered among populations of G. trinerve and HelichryslIm bellidioides. Also very similar to G. cf. keriense. but distinguished, inter alia. by a distinct point on the leaf tip. 179058 Gnap/w/ium involucratum Forstf. Collected from salt meadow on Okarito Spit. 195148 Gnaphalium cf. keriense A. Cunn. Banks· of Karangarua and Copland Rivers below 200 m, reached by 179095 Z flood water. 0 Gnaphalium limosum Drury Lowland to 350 m, gravel banks, fans, and wet ground. 157791 ~ Gnaphalium luteo-album L. 166889 Coastal to 750 m, dunes and slips. N Gnaphalium pailldosum Petrie Tam margins and seepages, scattered localities from upper Karanga 0 rua valley to head of Waikukupa River, 800-1300 m. Leaves ~ 65" folded, nearly glabrous on upper surface. 191909 ::s Gnaphalium cf. paludosum Edges of alpine rivulets and tams; Fritz Range to Horace Walker 0...... Glacier. Leaves white and hairy above. Larger and much commoner 0 than G. pallldosllm. Fits "Example 3" in Drury 1972, p. 166. 214988 t:.., *Gnaphalium sphaericum Willd. Coastal cliff, Okarito and on talus, Waikowhai Bluff. 185727 ::s Gnaphalium traversii Hook.f. Collected in short grassland at 900 m, Horace Walker River. 179245 e:- Gnaphalium /rinerve Forstf. Coastal cliffs, and steep wet banks below Franz Josef and Fox o Glaciers 166536 ..... t::I:i G'Otiola Ilana Benth. Grassland on Karangarua River fiats, about 1.5 km up valley from 0 Rough Creek. 218839 ~ ·G'Oliola sexdentata R. Cunn. ex A. Cunn. Coastal marshes. 203474 ::s Griselinia littoralis Raoul '< Common in lowland and montane forest, occasionally subalpine. 166539 ...... Griselinia lllcida Forst.f. Epiphyte in lowland forest. 166540 w GlInnera dentata Kirk Frequent pioneer on stony river flats and river banks, lowland to ..... 1 000 m. Clones vary in leaf shape, and broader-leaved forms \0 -...J match G. arenaria Cheesem. 191911 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Gunnera cf. mixta Kirk A few patches on stream banks and grassy slopes in Karangarua valley upstream from Tui Creek, 30Q.-600 m. The few inflor ~.., escences seen are bisexual, and the leaves match other herbarium 0.. material labelled G. mixta. 214878 Gunnera monoica Raoul Abundant pioneer on steep banks, slips, and river flats, from coast f to mountain valleys. 166566 ~ (1) Gunnera prorepens Hook.f. Lowland silty alluvium, very local in this district (near Franz Josef en airstrip; Karangarua River) although abundant in north Westland. 90318 =- Haloragis depressa (A. Cunn.) Walp. Coastal, lowland and montane. Mainly on grassy river flats. 179192 :II» *Haloragis erecta (Banks ex Murr.) Eichl. Coastal, mainly on margins of salt-damaged forest. 185622 0.. Haloragis micrantha (Thunb.) R. Br. ex Coastal in dune grassland, and in stunted vegetation on piedmont Siebold et Zucco ~ morainc. 166582 ..... ·Hebe calltcrburiensis (J. B. Armst.) L. B. One record: small fiats by creek draining piedmont moraine bctween o· Moore Omoeroa and Waikukupa Rivers. 203696 :I Hebe ciliolata (Hook.f.) Ckn. et Allan Alpine, in rocky places to 2000 m. 166866 !::.. *Hebe elliplica (Forstf.) Pennell A major species in coastal scrub. 166634 ""C Hebe macrantha (Hook.f.) Ckn. et Allan var. Common in low-alpine grassland. 166907 I».., macralllha ::>;" Hebe odora (Hook.f.) Ckn. "Bog form" Shrub <60 cm tall, with lamina c. 10 mm long, growing on poorly drained low-alpine grassland and shrubland. Recorded from Fox Range and head of Waikukupa River. 191961 "menziesii form" Shrub about 1 m tall, with lamina 15-20 mm, growing on well drained places in low-alpine belt. Recorded from Copland Range and Bare Rocky Range. 191810 Hebe salici/olia var. pallldosa (Ckn.) Swamp margins and coastal la~oonsnorth of Cook River, but Ckn. et Allan abundant only from Waitanglroto River northwards. In north Westland, appears to grade into H. gracillima. 107058 208380 Hebe sa/ici/olia (Forst.f.) Pennell var. Coastal to montane. Common, mainly in successional scrub and on salici/olia river banks. 157767 Hebe subalpina (Ckn.) Ckn. et Allan In scrub on recent stony soils, mainly subalpine, but descending to the valley floors downstream from the Franz Josef and Fox Glaciers. 185775 Hebe treadwcllii Ckn. et Allan Local in stony alpine grassland from 1 150 m, to nearly 2 000 m on Vo steep north aspects. 166869 ..... 203412 Vo Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Vo Heetorella eaespitosa Hook.f. High alpine, abundant in low, stony herbfield and on rocky spurs...... Also seen at 1 000 m on moraine at head of Callery River. 191838 0\ Hedyearya arborea 1. R. et G. Forst. Common in lowland forest, especially towards the coast. 166635 Heliehrysum bellidioides (Forst.f.) WiUd. Lowland in mountain valleys to subalpine, common on open stony sites including river banks, talus, and depleted grassland. 179118 Helieltrysum filieallie Hook.f. Lowland and montane grassy river flats; grassland on fixed coastal dunes. 166989 ·Hemiphfles sufJoeata Hook.f. Lowland, apparently very local in stunted vegetation on gley podzol soils and bog; between Omoeroa and Waikukupa Rivers, and between The Forks and Okarito. 199226 Hoheria glabrata Sprague et Summerhayes Lowland in frosty valleys to widely dominant in subalpine; recent soils. 166565 Hydroeotyle mosehata Forst.f. In scrub on dunes, Gillespies Beach; stream and track-side banks, lower Copland valley, 100 m. 179165 Hydroeotyle "novae-Zelandiae" Three apparently distinct species key to the description in Allan (1961). z "Pilose form" Coastal to montane. In scrub and herbaceous vegetation on moist o sites. and in swamp, sometimes as a submerged aquatic. Leaves ~ 1-2.5 cm across, dull green and sparsely pilose. 179115 var. montana Kirk Lowland to low alpine, abundant in grassland which has been ~ depleted by browsing; on recent soils. Leaves < 1 cm across, bright Pi green, glabrous lobes with subacute teeth. 179249 8- "Alpine flush form" Recorded only in wet turf near head of Waikukupa River, I 300 m...... o Compared with montana, the leaves are more coriaceous, more s:: .... deeply divided (i.e.. t-t way to petiole), and the lobes are ::l rounded. This plant has been collected in similar habitats in other e districts. 228050 o *Hydroeotyle tripartita R.Br. ex A. Rich. Coastal salt meadow, and damp grassland on lowland river flats. 195157 Hymenanthera alpina (Kirk) W. R. B. Oliver Subalpine and low alpine. Occasional in rocky places. 179242 -to ·Hymenanthera angustifolia R.Br. ex DC. Recorded only from river bank scrub on Stony Creek (tributary ::l of Tatare River). This form, a tall shrub with interlacing branch '< lets and very narrow leaves, occurs northwards to the Buller district ..... 166956 * and the North Island. ~ *Hypsela rivalis E. Wimm. Salt meadow. Okarito Spit. 203475 ..... 1.0 lovellana repens (Hook.f.) Kranz!. Local on moist rocky talus under forest, south to upper reaches -...J of Karangarua River. Lowland and montane. 214807 Vo Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Lagenifera petio/ata Hook.f. Common in lowland and montane grassy places, especially on river (Lagenophora pumila var. multidentata in Allan banks. 166951 1961). ~ Leptospermum scoparium 1. R. et G. Forst. Mainly in primary and successional scrub on piedmont moraines. a. In the mountains, seems restricted to the Karangarua catchment, where it occurs in similar vegetation on shallow soils. 166577 f Leucogenes grandiceps (HookJ.) Beauverd Mainly alpine, in fellfield. 166833 Lilaeopsis cf. novae-zelandiae (Gand.) Hill Lowland and coastal lagoons, ponds and lakes, mainly at margins. 191989 ~ Linum monogynum Forst.f. Coastal cliffs, only recorded at Blanchards Bluff in this area, but also Co south of Paringa. 218709 I>J Liparophyllum gunnii Hook.f. Piedmont; pools in infertile swamp. 179149 8- ·Lobelia anceps LinnJ. On coastal cliffs within reach of spray, and in salt meadow at Okarito. 185601 .....~ ·Loranthlls micranthus Hook.f. Seen only on Coprosma propinqua at scattered lowland localities. 191870 o..... ·Macropiper excelsum (Forst.f.) Miq. A few plants on Okarito Bluff in places inaccessible to stock. 166637 ::l Maws radicans (HookJ.) Cheescm. Lowland grassy river fiats to 300 m. 179193 e:.. Melicytus lanceo/alus Hook.f. Lowland and montane; very sporadic, mainly in forest margins. 152031 ~ Melicytus ramiflorus I. R. et G. Forst. Abundant in lowland and montane forest on recent soils; and in .... places dominant on coastal talus. 166753 :>';'" Mentha cunninghamii Benth. Lowland and montane, common in grassy vegetation on recent soils. 203458 M elrosideros diflusa (Forst.f.) Smith Lowland and montane forest, abundant Iiane. 123521 Metrosideros flligens Sol. ex Gaertn. Lowland and lower montane forest, abundant Iiane. 123525 Metrosideros perforata (1. R. et G. Forst.) A. Coastal scrub ·and lowland forest. 123527 Rich. Metrosideros umbellata Cav. Lowland to lower subalpine, abundant, often dominant. 157773 Microseris scapigera (Sol. ex A. Cunn.) Local; 800 m on wet ground on moraines of La Perouse Glacier; Sch. Bip. forma Iinearis swamp at 540 m, Architects Creek. 166857 ·Mimulus repens R.Br. Intertidal mud at south end of Okarito Lagoon. 195165 Montia fontana L. Apparently local; lowland and coastal swamp, subalpine springs. 191841 Mueh/enbeckia australis (Forst.f.) Meissn. Lowland and montane, Iiane mainly of forest margins. 179103 Muehlenbeckia axil/aris (Hook.f.) Walp. Lowland to low alpine; open stony river flats and talus. 166990 Muehlenbeckia complexa (A. Cunn.) Meissn. Lowland valley flats; forest margins and remnants. A large-leaved form. 199263 Myosotis forsteri Lehm. Lowland to subalpine. occasional on disturbed ground in shade. 166892 Myosotis cf. lyal/ii Hook.f. Scattered plants on high alpine talus in Karangarua catchment. Leafy branches crowded; cymes partly immersed among leaves; a few leafy bracts among flowers; flowers smaller but calyx relatively broader than in M. suavis; differs from description in Allan VI (1961) in that anthers are partly below corolla scales. 203436 --J Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Myosotis macruntha (Hook.f.) Benth. et Subalpine, on recent moraine at heads of Copland and Lands VI Hook.f. borough Rivers. To 30 cm tall, flowers blue, mauve, or yellowish. 203438 co Myosotis pygmaea var. drucei L. B. Moore Landslide, 750 m, upper Copland valley; I 250 m on sparsely vegetated talus, head of Architects Creek. Cymes bracteate through out, lower flowers more or less distant. 203417 Myosotis suavis Petrie Scattered plants on sparsely-vegetated talus and rock crevices, south to Architects Creek, I 050-1 600 m. Rosettes solitary or a few together; retrorse hairs on lower leaf surface; peduncles few, erect, to 15 em long; no bracts among flowers; calyx narrow. 166897 Myriophyllum elatinoides Gaud. Montane and subalpine, pools and flowing water. 195197 *Myriophyllum pedunculatum Hook.f. Salt marsh at Okarito and Five-Mile Lagoons. 195146 Myriophyllum propinquum A. Cunn. Coastal in ponds of salt meadow, subalpine peaty tams. 191890 195156 Myriophyllum robustum Hook.f. Common in Lake Matheson. 123557 Myrsine australis (A. Rich.) Allan Common in lowland forest. 185609 Myrsine divaricata A. Cunn. Lowland to subalpine, common in forest and scrub, usually on poor ly drained sites. 166764 Z Myrsine nummularia Hook.f. Subalpine; rocky places in low scrub. 11041 G Myrsine salicina Hew. ex Hook.f. In forest at 370 m, Mapourika Hill (discovered by A. Ure). Common ~ further north in Westland. 166972 ~ Neomyrtus pedunculata (Hook.f.) Allan Lowland and montane forest, mainly on yellow-brown earths. 166778 ~ Nertera balfouriana Ckn. p; Wet turf at I 100 m, on moraine of Douglas Glacier; bog at 900 m ::s on moraine of La Perouse Glacier. 203473 ~ Nerteru ciliata Kirk Lowland to subalpine, creeping moss on rocks, usually in ...... among 0 partly-shaded places. Leaf margins vary from conspicuously ciliate s:: ... to nearly glabrous; in the latter case, the plants are difficult to ::l distinguish from N. depressa. 179119 e:. Nertera depressa Banks et Sol. ex Gaertn. Lowland and coastal. Usually on moist banks in forest. 152016 0 Nertera cf. dicllOndraefolia (A. Cunn.) Hook.f. Lowland and montane on forest floor. This is the common, large, ...... hairy Nertera of the South Island, which is distinct from the type tl:i ~ of N. dichondraefolia (R. Mason, pers. comm.). 166598 ~ Nertera scupanioides Lange Coastal and lowland infertile swamp, to 300 m. 166959 ::s Nertcra setulosa Hook.f. 179191 '< Lowland and coastal grassy places, especially on valley flats...... Nothofagus menziesii (Hook.f.) Oerst. Karangarua valley from Cassel Flat to near head, 200-900 m. .w Locally dominant. 191965 ..... Olearia arborescens (Forst.f.) Ckn. et Laing Lowland and montane, occasionally subalpine, mainly successional \C) ....:I scrub and river banks. 179055 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Olcaria aviccnniac/olia (Raoul) Hook.f. Coastal to montane, mainly in successional scrub, where it often dominates. 166633 ~ Olcaria colcnsoi Hook.f. Subalpine, widely dominant in scrub, especially on ranges nearest the a. sea. Descends to lowlands on frosty, poorly drained sites. 166550 Olcaria ilici/olia Hook.f. Lowland in frosty valleys to subalpine. A major species in scrub and low forest on recent soils. 166548 t Olcaria lacanosa Hook.f. Subalpine scrub, and low forest. 125730 ~ :::. Olcaria lincata (Kirk) Ckn. (0. virgata var. Occasional in successional scrub on lowland valley fiats. A small tree ~ lineata in Allan 1961) which is amply distinct from o. virgala. 166952 ::s Olcaria moscllala Hook.f. Subalpine, mainly as low scrub on talus slopes. 203403 0- Olearia nummalari/olia Hook.f. Common subalpine shrub on recent soils. 179228 Z ~ ·Olcaria virgala var. laxi/lora (Kirk) Allan Lowland swamps; usually sporadic, but abundant in an unburnt ..... swamp east of Lake Mapourika. 166533 o· :::s OrcOl:lyrrhis colcnsoi Hook.f. Alpine grassland. 166910 e:. Orcomyrrllis ramosa Hook.f. Montane grassy fiats in Karangarua catchment. 191923 '"""0 Orcoslylidillm sabalatum (HookJ.) Bergg. One locality; stw1ted vegetation on shallow soil, c. 680 m, upper Pl... Karangarua valley. 191858 :>';'" Ourisia cacspilosa Hook.f. var. cacspilosa Alpine to 2000 m; steep, moist, rocky places. 191816 Ollrisia crosbyi Ckn. Occasional on banks in ~cruband forest, montane and subalpine. 185749 Ourisia macrocarpa var. calycina (Col.) Ckn. Subalpine, mainly on bluffs but probably restricted thereto by browsing. At 300 m on Omoeroa Saddle. 166553 Ollrisia scssili/olia HookJ. (var. splendida High alpine fell field. 191986 in Allan 1961) Ollrisa sp. nov. Rare; 1 590 m, fellfield on Mt Myers, Copland Range; I 020 m, ledge, Architects Creek. Leafy stems elongate, and parts smaller than in o. scssili/lora. Local plants represent northern limits of a Fiordland species (M. T. Kalin Arroyo, pers. comm.). 191874 ·O:calis cxilis A. Cunn. (0. corniclliata var. Coastal; among grass at Okarito and Waikowhai Bluff. 199234 microphylla in Allan 1961) Oxalis laclea Hook. Mainly subalpine grassland; also moist stream banks, Waiho valley below Franz Josef Glacier. 166792 Parahebc birleyii (N. E. Brown) W. R. B. Rock spurs at Fitzgerald Pass, 2000-2 100 m; the highest altitude Oliver recorded for a vascular plant in Westland National Park. 203434 Parahcbc lilli/olia (Hook.f.) W. R. B. Oliver Mainly on stony river flats and stream banks in mountain valleys; but also on bluffs to I 500 m. 179089 VI Parahebc Iyallii (Hook.f.) W. R. B. Oliver Stony river flats, moraine and stream banks, 200-1 000 m. 179083 -\CJ Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Parsonsia Iteteropltylla A. Cunn. Parsollsia is scattered through lowland and montane forest on alluvial VI IV sites; only fertile specimen definitely identified is from McDonalds o Creek. 199257 Penllantia corymbosa J. R. et G. Forst. Abundant in forest on recent alluvial soils. Lowland to 450 m at Welcome Flat. 179143 Pentachondra pumila (J. R. et G. Forst.) R.Br. Subalpine and low alpine. Common in short grassland and herbfield on shallow soils. 166891 Pernettya alpin a Franklin Alpine, short grassland and herbfield. 166843 Pernettya macrostigma Col. Mainly on lowland river fiats, but also on Sentinel Rock. 179077 Phyllachne colensoi (Hook.f.) Bergg. Alpine, on damp ground. 166911 Pimelea oreophila Burrows Low-alpine grassland near Copland Pass, and at 870 m in stunted scrub, upper Karangarua valley; more common in Landsborough catchment. 191906 Pimclea prostrata (J. R. ct G. Forst.) WilJd. Pioneer on river fiats, lowland to 450 m at Welcome Flat. Coastal on Waikowhai Bluff. 179001 Pittosporum colensoi Hook.f. Lowland and montane forest, mainly in successions. 166793 z Pittosporum crassicaule Laing et Gourlay Primary scrub on piedmont moraines >300 m; subalpine scrub. 166555 203656 ~ Plagianthlls betlilinlis A. Cunn. Common, sometimes dominant, in forest on alluvial silts in valleys, ~ lowland to 450 m at Welcome Flat. 179112 p;I>l Plagianthlls divaricatus J. R. et G. Forst. Salt meadow bordering coastal lagoons. 185712 ::3 Plantago lanigera Hook.f. High-alpine grassland and short herbfield, I 200-1 800 m. 195189 0- Plantago cf. novae-zclandiae L. B. Moore Alpine, at margins of tams and in damp grassland, small rosettes ...... o t: forming patches. The leaves have scattered hairs on the upper .... surface, mainly near the margins, and the scapes bear 2-3 flowers. ::s The plant cited has 2n=24 (B. E. Groves, pers. corom.). e:. On drier sites there are larger plants with more or less solitary o rosettes, broader, hairier leaves, and 3-4 flowers per scape (e.g., 228081). These seem to approach P. Janigera, which however has -to 12 & 1971). ~ 2n= (Groves Hair 223997 I>l ::s Plantago raolilii Decne Montane and subalpine; successional scrub on river banks and '< moraine. 179236 .... *Plantago triandra Bergg. Grassland on lowland river flats; salt meadow on Okarito Spit. 179141 .;.-> Plantago unitlora Hook.f. Recorded definitely only from the margin of a tam on Fox Range, .... \0 at 1200 m. 2n=c. 60 (B. E. Groves, pers. corom.). Leaves are -....I glabrous, narrow elliptic, <2 mm across, and flowers are solitary. 223998 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Potentilla anserinoides Raoul Wet places on lowland river flats, including Cassel Flat. 179114 Pratia angulata (Forst.f.) Hook.f. :;; Lowland form Coastal to montane grassy places, and in forest severely damaged by ...~ browsing. Leaves 3-5 mm long, bluntly serrate, corolla predomi 0. nantly white. 166564 Mountain form Moist, rocky places in subalpine and low alpine grassland. Also f growing with lowland form on river flats below Franz Josef :;; Glacier. Leaves 7-10 mm long, sharply serrate, flowers somewhat 1Jl larger, corolla with blue stripes runmng out along lobes. 166858 Co ~ Pratia macrodon Hook.f. Alpine, stony herbfield and fellfield. 166868 ::l Pseudopanax anoma/lls (Hook.) Philipson Lowland and montane, usually in forest on poorly drained recent 0. (N('f)panax anoma/um in Allan 1961) alluvium, on frosty sites. 166561 Z Pseudopanax co/ensoi var. ternatus Wardle Lowland to subalpine, forest and scrub. North of the Cook River, .....~ (Neopanax co/ensoi in Allan 1961) locally dominant at the upper forest limit, but south of Cook o· River largely eliminated by deer. 152027 ::l Pselldopanax crassi/olius (A. Cunn.) C. Koch Common in lowland and montane forest. 179004 ~ Pseudopanax edger/eyii (Hook.f.) C. Koch Sparingly in lowland forest below 400 m. 157801 - ~ Pseudopanax linearis (Hook.f.) C. Koch Montane forest and subalpine scrub. 166765 ... Pseudopanax simp/ex (Forst.f.) Philipson Lowland to lower subalpine, forest and scrub, abundant at 600- ~ (Neopanax simp/ex in Allan 1961) 900 m. 179046 Pseudowintera c%rata (Raoul) Dandy Abundant in lowland and montane forest on recent soils. 166776 Pygmaea cilio/ata Hook.f. In high-alpine cushion plant communities on rock spurs, to 2050 m. Plants generally fit var. cilio/ata; but 203470 from Copland Pass has less-glossy leaves, and shorter, softer hairs, not confined to the leaf margins. 166880 Quintinia aculi/olia Kirk Common in tall forest on piedmont moraines, and occasional in montane forest in mountain valleys south to Copland valley, and to as high as 900 m. 123528 Ranuncu/us buchananii Hook.f. Several browsed plants on crumbling schist on Twain Col (between Douglas and Karangarua Rivers) may represent the northern limit of the species. 191955 Ranl/ncll/us godleyanlls Hook.f. On south-facing bluffs southwards to Fox Glacier, 1 200--1 SOO m. With reduction in numbers of browsing mammals seedlings are spreading on to adjacent talus. 60260 Ranuncu/lls hirills Banks et Sol. ex DC. Lowland to montane; open gravelly places in forest, especially on tracks. 166597 Ranllncl//IIS /appaceus Smith complex Forms keying to several species are present, but it is not clear to what extent they are taxonomically distinct, or how much habitat VI induced variation is involved. -tv Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

"Alpine swamp fonus" Very small plants growing in flushes and swamp at 1180-1 500 Vl N m vary in leaf shape and hairiness, and fit the descriptions of R. N lappaceus var. nanus, R. depressus var. stewartiae Simpson et Thomson, and R. maculatus Ckn. et Allan. 191889 223956 d. foliosus Kirk Lowland and montane, usually on wet ground at forest margin. Stems elongate, sometimes stoloniferous; scapes sometimes branched. 166754 d. lappaceus Lowland and montane, on grassy river flats. Rosette plant with short, unbranched scapes. 179107 Rallunculus lyallii Hook.f. Subalpine and low alpine; grassland, herbfield, and low scrub. Wide spread but now much reduced except in places inaccessible to animals. Descends to 580 m at Architects Creek. 179223 Ranunclllus rivulariJ Banks et Sol. ex DC. Coastal and lowland river flats; shallow water, wet grassland, and salt meadow. 107212 Ranuncllius sericopflyflus Hook.f. High alpine, fellfield where snow lies late. 166835 Raoulia glabra Hook.f. Montane and subalpine, occasional pioneer on moraine and river gravel. Coastal dune at Gillespies Beach. 179250 Z Raoulia grandi/lora HookJ. High alpine, abundant in short herbfield. 166847 (1) Raoulia IlOokeri var. laxn Allan Pioneer on lowland river flats; coastal dune at Gillespies Beach. 166530 ~ R(loulia sllbulata Hook.f. High alpine, fine gravel where snow lies late. 166875 N Raoufia tellubell/is Hook.f. Abundant as pioneer on river flats and moraine, lowland to 1 300 ~ m. 179117 i>l ::s *Rorippa islandica (Oeder) Borbas Only Westland record in CHR is from grassland on Okarito Spit, but 0.. it is a common ruderal species in other districts. 203651 ...... 0 * Rllblls llustralis ForstJ. Lowland, liane usually in swampy forest. 185618 s:: Rubus cissoides A. Cunn. Lowland and montane, abundant liane in forest. 179072 ... ::s Rubus parvus Buchan. Local on river banks; Stony Creek, junction of Troyte and Karanga- e. rua Rivers. 166941 0 Rubus schmidelioides A. Cunn. Lowland and montane forest on river flats. 166994 Rumex flexuosus Sol. ex Hook.f. Lowland and montane grassy river flats. 203463 -t::tl Sarno/us repens (1. R. et G. Forst.) Pers. Coastal banks and cliffs, in reach of salt spray. 179295 ;-0 Scheff/era digitata 1. R. et G. Forst. Lowland and montane, a major species of forest in guIlies and on ::s coarse talus. 182778 '< Schizeilema haasEii (HookJ.) Domin var. Mainly high alpine in moist fellfieId; occasionally descending to Yl haastii 600 m on moist, shaded stream banks. 179260 . Scflizeilema nitens (Petrie) Domin Lowland and montane; damp grassland on river flats, and in forest -1.0 -...I heavily damaged by browsing. 191959 Vl Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Schizeilema tri/oliolatum (Hook.f.) Domin Forest on talus slopes; 800 m in Karangarua valley, 900 m in Douglas valley. 195171 ~ Scleranthus brockiei Williamson Grassland on stony flat at Horace Walker River, 900 m. (Also in a Landsborough valley) . 228194 • Scleranthus uni/lorus Williamson One record: sand dune, Gillespies Beach. 179185 Selliera radicans Cav. Salt meadow, bordering coastal lagoons. 195151 • Senecio bellidioides Hook.f. One record: stunted vegetation on piedmont moraine, at 400 m ~ between Omoeroa and Waikukupa Rivers. The same form grows ~ on pakihi in north Westland. 203694 ::I Senecio bennettii Simpson et Thomson Common in subalpine scrub; also Peter's Pool (Waiho valley) and Q.. Lake Matheson. 166552 Z Senecio minimus Poir. (Erechtites minima Coastal to montane, on slips and disturbed ground. 166526 .....I» in Allan 1%1) o· Senecio scorzoneroides Hook.f. Subalpine and low alpine grassland; mature plants confined to bluffs because of browsing. 191801 ~ Senecio wairauensis Belcher (Erechtites Lowland to subalpine; slips, roadsides, damaged subalpine scrub, "0 wairauensis in Allan 1961) etc. 185745 I» • Solanum aviculare Forstf. Okarito, scrub below Bluff and on spit. 199233 ·Sophora microphylla Ait. Shores of tidal creeks and lagoons (seed dispersed by coastal * currents) . 117500 Sfellaria par vi/lora Banks et Sol. ex Hook.f. Coastal and subalpine, occasional, mainly in forest and scrub. 203405 Taraxacum magellunicum Comm. ex Sch. Bip. Mainly subalpine; common in stony or wet grassland. 185178 Til/oea helmsii Kirk One record: damp ground on abandoned road, Okarito (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107265 Ti/laea kirk;; Allan Waikowhai Lagoon beneath overhanging bank reached by tides. 218563 Urtica /erox ForsU. Common at foot of avalanche slope up-valley from Cassel Flat; other track-side records in Karangarua valley and Callery Gorge. 179109 Urtica incisa Poir. Lowland to subalpine: local on disturbed ground. 179227 Urricularia novae-zelandiae Hook.f. In pools in bogs on piedmont moraine; especially common near Okarito. 166641 Viola cunninghamii Hook.f Subalpine to low alpine; abundant in grassy places and herbfield; also on river flat below Franz Josef Glacier. 179123 195183 Viola filicau/is HookL Locally common in grassy places up to 300 m. 179122 Viola lyallii Hook.f. Coastal and lowland swamp and damp grassland to 550 m. Long stolons and cordate leaves distinguish from V. cunninghamii, but VI N influence of habitat needs to be studied. 214820 I.;J Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

·Wahlenbergia congesta (Cheesem.) N. E. Sand dune at Gillespies Beach. Scattered collections elsewhere on Vt Brown West Coast north of Greymouth. 179184 ~ ·Wahlenberg;a gracilis (ForstJ.) Schrad. Gorse-covered dune, Gillesples Beach. 208335 Wahlenbergia pygmaea Col. Alpine, occasionally subalpine; common in short herbfield and grass land. 191945 Weinmannia racemosa Linn.f. Lowland and montane: the most abundant tree in the district. 152044 MONOCOTYLEDONS Adenochilus gracilis Hook.f. Scattered records from forest, 200--600 m. 191995 Agropyrum scabrum Beauv. Locally common on grass flats and river banks; near Karangarua highway bridge at 80 m, Architects Creek, confluence of Horace Walker and Douglas Rivers. 179238 Agrostis canina L. (A. dyeri var. de/icalior Montane to low alpine. Slips and disturbed ground in scrub and Hack. in Cheeseman 1925) grassland. 166905 185177 Agrostis dyeri Petrie Subalpine and low-alpine grassland. 179278 Agrostis ct. magellanica Lam. Alpine (especially high alpine), stony herbfield and fellfield. 191823 Z 195190 0 AporostyJis bi/olia (Hook.f.) Rupp et Hatch Montane to low alpine; mainly in primary scrub on piedmont ~ moraine, and low subalpine scrub and boggy grassland. 199209 ~ Astelia fragrans Col. Lowland forest on recent soils. 157788 pr~ Astelia grandis Kirk Lowland swamp forest, forming dense colonies on floor. 157786 Astelia linearis Hook.f. var. linearis Piedmont moraines, occasional in primary scrub on wet ground. 199208 g. Astelia linearis var. novae-zelandiae Subalpine and low alpine in wet grassland. 166899 ..... 0 Skottsb. c; .... Astelia nervosa Hook.f. Lowland to subalpine in forest, scrub, and tall Chionochloa grassland. ::s Plants in the open above the forest limits have striking silvery e:.. tomentum on their leaves. IS7783 0 157785 ..... ttl Aslelia nivicola Cheesem. var. nivicola Local in alpine grassland. 166884 0 Astdia petrie; Clm. Local in low-alpine Chionoch/(>a grassland and low scrub. 157790 p:; Astelia solandr; A. Cunn. Lowland forest; common epiphyte, and occasionally terrestrial. 151053 ::s '< Ballmea hurtonii (Kirk) Blake Bogs on islands and promontories in Okarito and Five Mile Lagoons. 218639 -w Ballmea rllbiginosa (Spreng.) Boeck. Lowland infertile swamp, usually in standing water. 179239 \0 Ballmea lenax (Hook.f.) Blake Piedmont, in stunted or burnt vegetation on gley podzol soils, and -.l- in Leptospermum scrub on bog. 185697 Vt Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Ballmen tere/itolia (R.Br.) Palla Piedmont, in stunted or burnt vegetation on gley podzol soils, and in infertile coastal swamp. The most abundant species, recognised by ~ the oval cross-section of its stems. 185698 a. Bulbinella gibbsii Ckn. var. balani/era L. B. Subalpine and low alpine grassland, not common. ]66856 0- Moore Bulbinella modesto L. B. Moore Piedmont, in stunted vegetation on gley podzols, descending to sea ~ level at Waikowhai Lagoon. 166579 ~ Bulbophyllum pygmaeum (Smith) Lind!. Inconspicuous epiphyte high in podocarp crowns, probably abundant ~ II> near coast. 166982 ::;, Carex adcu/aris Boott In short alpine grassland; Mt Spencer 1400 m, Mt Myers, 1260 m. 191829 C. Carcx carsei Petrie Wet peaty ground; records from piedmont moraine, and subalpine in Douglas-Regina area. 195)86 ~ Carcx cockayniana KUk. Montane to subalpine; tussocks on slips and tracks. 166831 Carex comans Bergg. Stony alluvium and fixed dunes; near Fox and Franz Josef Glaciers, g' Okarito Spit. 166965 e:... Carex coriaccu Hamlin Lowland and lower montane; the most abundant Carex of fertile swamp. 179108 ~ Carex dipsacea Bergg. lax tussocks on lowland and montane grassy river flats. 191849 Carex dissi/o Boott Lowland, occasional in swamp and on wet ground. 208355 Carex echinola Murr. Infertile swamps on piedmont moraine and near coast; also subalpine * at Marks Flat. 199247 Carex cf. enysii Petrie Collected on grassy flat at junction of Horace Walker and Douglas Rivers, 1 000 m. 179248 ·Carex flagelfilera Col. A dominant tussock on old sand dunes at Okarito Spit. 195122 Carex flaviformis Nelmes Lowland and coastal; wet grassland and salt meadow. 179153 Cora goudichoudiona Kunth Lowl?nd to subalpine; abundant in swamps at higher altitudes and in less fertile swamps at low altitudes. 185694 Carex 'geminala Schkubr. Collected on Omoeroa Saddle, near Okarito Forks and near Docherty Creek. 208400 *Carex inversa R.Br. One record: between Potters Creek and Tatare in roadside ditch (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107050 Carex lachenalii Schkuhr. Fringing a tarn at head of Waikukupa River, 1 300 m. Better material needed for finn identification. 228098 Carex lessonialla Steud. Two collections from lowland swamp. 199255 Carcx maorica Hamlin Leptocarpus swamp at Waikowhai Lagoon; swamps at Lake Mapou rika and Okarito Spit. 199262 tJt Carex petriei Cheesem. 1 300 m in wet grassland, Pioneer Peak, Sierra Range. 195169 ~ Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Carex pumila Thunb. Coastal, locally dominant on loose dune sand. 195132 V\ Carex pyrenaica var. cephalotes (F. Muell.) High-alpine short herbfield, often dominant in hollows where snow 0\IV Kiik. lies late and on fringes of tarns. Recorded down to 1 200 m. 166864 Carcx secla Boott Lowland fertile swamp; also at Welcome Flat hot springs. 199261 Carex sinclairii Boott Lowland to subalpine swamp; the upland equivalent of C. coriacea. 191938 ·Carex solandr; Boott Coastal slopes, usually as tussocks on forest fioor. 199239 Carex testacea Boott Dense, reddish tussock on lowland river fiats and old dunes. 179178 Carex virgala Boott Swampy ground at McDonalds Creek. 199242 Carpha alpin a R.Br. Piedmont, in stunted vegetation on g\ey podzols; subalpine in bog and boggy grassland. 179207 Centrolep;s ciliata (Hook.f.) Druce Abundant in herbaceous bogs on piedmont moraine and on island in Five Mile Lagoon. 199252 Chiloglottis cornula Hook.f. One record; upper Waiho vaUey in successional scrub. 191996 Chionochloa conspiclla (Forst.f.) Zotov ssp. conspicua Coastal to 900 m; abundant on slips, river banks, and river fiats. 166573 Chionochloa crassiuscula (T. Kirk) Zotov Alpine, dominant on soils with impeded drainage. 166616 Chionochloa cf. flavescens Zotov Subalpine and low alpine; mainly in low scrub on very steep, rocky Z slopes and bluffs. Leaves dark green, to 1 em across, veins usually obscure. 166827 ~ Chionoch!oa oreophi/a (Petrie) Zotov High alpine, dominant grass in areas where snow lies late. 166837 N ("11 Chionochloa oreophila var. elata (Petrie) Zotov High alpine, a larger tussock tolerating less snow than C. oreophila. t» Seen only on Neophyte and at the head of the Landsborough £;' ::s River, but abundant east of the Main Divide. Either a distinct 0- species or an interspecific hybrid. 218503 ..... Chionoclzloa pallens Zotov Low-alpine dominant grass; ascends to nearly 2 000 m. 166830 0 Chionochloa ct. rigida (Raoul) Zotov Subalpine and low alpine on podzolised soils. Narrow, tough, more ...t::: or less involute leaves, with 3-5 distinct veins. 166828 ::s Chionochloa rubra Zotov Piedmont moraines south of Omoeroa Saddle, in herbaceous bog; also e 0 on fiats of Landsborough River. 166576 ...... Cockay/lca lacvis (Petrie) Zotov Subalpine grassland on recent soils in Karangarua and Copland ~ valleys. 179241 0 Cordylinc australis (Forst.f.) End!. Coastal talus. lowland fertile swamp and river flats; also a few trees S ::s at Cassel Flat and Welcome Flat (550 m). 199244 '< Cordyline indivisa (Forst.f.) Steud. Occasional in montane forest; also on road cuttings between Franz Josef Glacier and Fox Glacier. 191869 -w Cortaderia richardii (Endl.) Zotov Lowland river fiats and slips; forms dense communities on sand ... 166574 \0 banks. ....:I Cory bas oblongus (Hook.f.) Reichb.f. Collected in upper Waiho valley, on bank. 191994 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Corybas orbkulatus (Col.) L. B. Moore Moist banks, etc., in lowland forest. 150782 :e Cory bas rivularis (A. Cunn.) Reichb.f. Collected in upper Waiho val\ey, on bank. 191992 P' Cory bas trilobus (Hookf.) Reichb.f. Collected in upper Waiho valley, on bank. 191993 ...0. ·Cyperus ustulatus A. Rich. Coastal in grassy places. 166983 Dendrobium cunninghamii Lindl. Common epiphyte in lowland forest, and on rock bluffs. 185603 Deschampsia caespitosa Beauv. Salt meadow at Okarito Spit and occasional in subalpine swamps. 195127 f Deschampsia chapman; Petrie Ground bared by erosion, old moraine of Horace Walker Glacier, :e ~ 1 000 m. (Also at Marks Flat.) 214983 c::. P' .Desmoschoenus spiralis (A. Rich.) Hook.f. Coastal; often dominant on unstable dunes. 123550 ::l Deyeuxia aucklandica (Hook.f.) Zotov (= D. Subalpine and low alpine; grassland and openings in scrub. 166878 0. setifolia in Cheeseman 1925) Z Deyeuxia avenoides var. brachyantha Hack. At head of Karangarua valley. at 950 m in browse-damaged grass P' land. (Also on fiats in Landsborough vaHey.) 191926 ::Z. Diane/la nigra Col. Lowland forest, well-lighted places on podzolised soils. g 152014 P' Dichelachne crinita Hook.f. Coastal talus and dunes; also on bank of stream up-valley from Cassel Flat. 191973 -'"'C;j Earina autumnalis (Forst.f.) Hook.f. Abundant epiphyte in lowland forest, and on rock. 125784 ...P' Earina mucronata Lind!. Epiphyte in lowland forest, and on rock. 125785 ::0;" Eleocharis aCUla R.Br. Lowland valleys, up to Cassel Flat, on wet river sand; salt meadow on Okarito Spit and Waikowhai Lagoon; aquatic in Lake Pratt. 179047 • Eleocharis gracilis R.Br. Very local on leached, boggy soil. Track to Okarito Trig; near Lake Mapourika and The Forks (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107063 Eleocharis sphacelata R.Br. Local; Okarito Spit, between Okarito and The Forks, Lake Mathe son. In standing water. 195134 Empodisma minus (Hook.f.) L. A. S. Johnson Piedmont, widely dominant in stunted vegetation on gley podzols; & Cutler (Calorophus minor in Moore subalpine in similar vegetation in upper Karangarua valley. 166520 & Edgar 1970) Feslllca matthewsii Cheesem. Mountain valley fiats to I 600 m on steep northerly slopes. Grass land. 166832 166755 Fesluca rubra L. CoHeeted in heads of Cook, Copland, and Douglas Rivers, 800 m- 1 300 m, in grassland, usually on gravelly sites such as river bed and moraine. Seems distinct from the introduced F. rubra var. com mulata, and accepted as native in the absence of contrary evidence. 185786 203480 Freycinetia banksi; A. Cunn. Lowland forest, especially abundant near coast and on north-facing V> slopes. 166762 ~ Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Gahnia procera I. R. et G. Forst. Piedmont moraine, forest on gleyed or podzolised soils; montane VI N forest on ridges. 166523 00 Gahnia rigida Kirk Piedmont moraine; infertile swamps. 166524 Gahnia xanthocarpa (Hook.f.) Hook.f. Near the sea, in forest on piedmont moraine and swamp forest. 166%9 Gastrodia cunninghamii Hook.f. Rare in forest, Waiho valley and Dovetail Gorge (Karangarua River). 214851 Hierochloe cuprea Zotov Collections from openings in subalpine scrub on Alex Knob. 166605 Hierochloe novae-zelandiae Gandoger Piedmont, stunted vegetation on gley podzol; low-alpine grassland on Alex Knob. 166587 Hierochloe recurvata (Hack.) Zotov Low-alpine grassland. 191815 Hierochloe redolens R.Br. Coastal and lowland swamp, scarce. 166981 Juncus antarcticus Hook.f. Local in wet turf bordering tarns and seepages, I 100-1 200 m. 191902 Juncus gregi/lorus L. Iohnson Lowland to montane damp grassy river fiats and shallow swamp. The commonest leafless rush, often persistent in pastures. 191983 *Juncu.~maritimus Lam. var. australiensis Okarito Lagoon, in salt marsh and shallow tidal water. 185615 Buch. Juncl/s novae-zelandiae Hook.f. Lowland to I 300 m; wet turf and wet sand. 191818 z CD ~ *Juncus plani/olius R.Br. Coastal and lowland; mainly on disturbed ground and recently burnt wet areas. 185619 ~ Juncus sarophorus L. Johnson Grazed lowland pastures of fiats between Tatare River and Lake f;;" Wahapo. 179294 :l Koeleria cheesemanii (Hack.) Petrie Rare in stony grassland; I 300-1 950 m on Mt Moltke, 900 m on 0...... recent moraine of Horace Walker Glacier. 214870 o Lachnagrostis fili/armis var. semiglabra (Hack) Landslide at 750 m, upper Copland valley; 550 m, swamp, Archi- s:: Zotov tects Creek. 203469 Lachnagrostis Iyallii (Hook.f.) Zotov The common Lachnagrostis of recent alluvial fiats, but also in other ~ grassy and pioneer vegetation, from coastal salt meadow to low- o..... alpine grassland. 166995 195174 ot::C Lachnagrostis richardii Zotov Coastal, montane and subalpine moist places on river banks, gullies, ~ ::s cliffs, etc. Robust, with wide. soft leaves. 203431 '< Lachnal(rosti.~sp. nov. (Deyeuxia /orsteri var. 1 200 m, west of Karangarua Saddle. 191936 humiliar Hack. MS in Cheeseman 1925) -w Lepidosperma australe (A. Rich.) Hook.f. Piedmont moraines. in stunted or burnt vegetation on gley podzol \0 soils, and infertile swamp. Also in similar vegetation in upper --:J Karangarua valley, and on fixed dune at Okarito Spit. 166962 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Lepilaena bilocularis Kirk Deeply submerged in lakes; Windermere (R. Mason & N. T. Moar) , Mapourika, Pratt. 107240 ~ Leptocarpus similis Edgar Mainly cO:lstal, standing in brackish water. Locally in infertile a swamps, and on shore of Lake Mapourika. 185614 -Lihertia ixioides (Forst.f.) Spreng. A few plants by a tidal creek tributary to Saltwater Lagoon. Com moner near the mouth of Waitangiroto River. 218767 Lihertia pulehella (R.Br.) Spreng. Forest on podzolised soils on piedmont, and to 500 m in Karangarua ~ valley. 179150 go Ll/zl/la banksiana Meyer var. migrata (Buch.) Low-alpine grassland, usually on eroding sites. 166608 Edgar 8- LI/zula eolcnsoi Hook.f. Mainly high alpine, in stony herbfield. Less common than L. pumi/a, Plz and distinguished from that species by inflorescence sessile among ...... leaves even when capsules are ripe; tepals paler and broader, with o· wider scarious margins; and capsules brown, as opposed to very dark brown. 166920 ~ LIlZllla erinita Hook.f. var. pctriana (Buch.) Alpine, stony grassland and herbfield. 179265 - Edgar ;?.., -Luzl/fa pieta A. Rich. var. limosa Edgar Three collections, all lowland (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107397 :-;' Luzufa piela A. Rich. var. picta Montane, pioneer on slips 166752 Luzula pumila Hook.f. High alpine. common in short herbfield. 179268 Luzufa rufa Edgar var. rufa Swamp at I 175 m, Copland Range; I 020 m, upper Callery River among boulders; also Landsborough River. 191804 Luzuriaga parviflora (Hook.f.) Kunth Basal epiphyte in lowland and montane forest. 166599 Lyperanthus antarcticus Hook.f. Collected at I 020 m in low scrub on shallow wet soil, upper Karan garua valley. 191968 Marsippospermum gracile (Hook.f.) Buch. High alpine: often dominant on moist, south-facing talus slopes. 166860 Micro/aena avenacea Hook.f. Lowland and montane forests, usually on loose soil deposited by rivulets during floods. Especially common where forest floor dam aged by deer. 166604 Micro/aena colensoi (Hook.f.) Smith Alpine grassland, chiefly on shallow soils and areas depleted by browsing mammals. 166887 Microtis uni/olia (Forst.f.) Reichb.f. Lowland river fiats, fans, and coastal talus in successional vegetation. 150783 -Notodanthonia buchanani (Hook.f.) Zotov Pioneer on river silt, Cook River flats. Also on flats in Landsborough valley. . 179159 Not~danthoniagracilis (Hook.f.) Zotov Lowland to subalpine grassy places, especially common on recent alluvium and fans. 191851 VI Notodat}t~onianigricans (Petrie) Zotov Coastal to low-alpine grassy places. 166825 ~ Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Notodanthonia setitolia (Hook.f.) Zotov v. Often dominant in alpine grassland on shallow stony soils, especially t...) where depleted by browsing animals. Also at 300 m on disturbed 0 ground at Lake Gault. 166855 Oreobolus impar Edgar Low alpine, in grassland on shallow soil with impeded drainage. 166871 Oreoboills pectinatlls Hook.f. Subalpine and alpine; boggy grassland, margins of tams. Also bog near Lake Mueller, 450 m. 166612 Oreobolus strictus Bergg. Piedmont moraines, in stunted vegetation on gley podzols and bogs. Also in similar vegetation in upper Karangarua valley. 166947 Phormium cookianllm Le Jolis Subalpine forest, scrub, and grassland to I 400 m; descending on cold sites to 200 m. Coastal on solid-rock cliffs south of Paringa. 166824 Phormium lenax J. R. et G. Forst. Abundant in coastal scrub and lowland fertile swamp; also at hot springs at Welcome Flat. 199243 ·Poa cf. anceps Forst. On coastal moraine bluffs; trailing down steep slopes, and as tussocks where less steep. 199241 Poa breviglumis Hook.f. Subalpine scrub; especially common where vegetation damaged by browsing. 179230 Poa cockayniana Petrie Floors of mountain valleys to low alpine, often dominant on young alluvium and talus. Also collected on steep coastal slopes, and in z this habitat not easily distinguished from P. cf. anceps. 195125 ~ 191922 ~ Poa colensoi Hook.f. Alpine grassland and low herbfield, especially abundant in high I>' alpine. 166848 S Poa cf. kirkii var. collinsii Hack. Occasional in subalpine and low-alpine grassland. 191839 ::I ·Poa laevis R.Br. Abundant on Cook and Waiho River fiats. 179177 Po Poa "limitiana" (V. D. Zotov ined.) High alpine; sandy hollows on Neophyte, 1830 m (also head of o..... s:: Browning Creek, a tributary of Landsborough River). 214949 ... Poa novae-zelandiae Hack. Pioneer on gravel and rock near terminals of Franz Josef and Fox ::I Glaciers. Alpine fellfield. A most variable grass. The following e. varieties were identified by Mr V. D. Zotov. 179048 So 203657 var. desiliens Zotov 900 m, in Douglas valley, as robust grass trailing on cliff in spray of t::I:I waterfall; on Castle Rocks I 200 m. 195185 ~ var. subveslita Hackel ::I 760 m, rock in creek, near head of Architects Creek. 214884 '

Prasophy/lum co/ensoi Hook.f. Scattered occurrences in grassy or boggy places, from lowland to ~ low alpine. 150787 ~ Pterostylis australis Hook.f. Collected from successional forest and scrub below Franz Josef a Glacier, and from Cook and Karangarua valleys to 850 m. 177406 Pterostylis banksii A. Cunn. in Hook. Collected from successional forest and scrub below Franz Josef Glacier, and from Canavans Knob. 177405 r Pterostylis graminea var. rubricaulis Cheesem. Collected from successional forest below Franz Josef Glacier. 192000 ~ Pterostylis irsoniana Hatch Collected from successional forest below Franz Josef Glacier. 199201 Co Pterostylis venosa Col. Upper montane and subalpine vegetation on poor soils. ~ 214872 ::s Ripogonum scandens J. R. et G. Forst. Abundant Hane in lowland forest, also ascending into mountain 0- valleys. 179292 *Ruppia po/ycarpa R. Mason Coastal lagoons in c. 1 m of water. 195154 Z ....~ *Schoenus maschalinus Roem. et Schult. Grassy places and by roadside in Okarito district. 195145 o· Schoenus nilens var. concinnus (Hook.f.) Lowland river fiats and salt meadow. 166991 ::s Cheesem. e:. Schoenus pallcif/orus (Hook.f.) Hook.f. Subalpine and low alpine, abundant on steep wet slopes; descending '"C to valley sides of the Waiho and Fox Rivers below the glaciers. 166614 ...~ Scirpus auck/andicus (Hook.f.) Boeck. Mainly low alpine to 1 550 m but descending to 300 m on Omoeroa ~ Saddle; bogs, wet grassland, margins of tarns. 166872 Scirplls caligenis Cook Collected from I 050 m upper Karangarua valley in browse-damaged grassland, and from damp pasture near Lake Mapourika (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 191914 Scirpus cernuus Yahl Foot of Okarito Bluff (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). (Also collected in adjacent districts). 107197 Scirpus habrus Edgar Wet ground, and grazed swamp, forest, and grassland; from coast and piedmont moraine to 800 m in Karangarua valley. 179092 *Scirpus inundatus (R.Br) Spreng. Salt meadow, Okarito Bluff to Lake Windermere. 195143 *Scirplls /aclIstris L. Lake Windermere and north end of Okarito Lagoon (i.e., less brack ish part); standing in 0.6 m of water. 199288 *Scirpus nodosus Roub. Coastal grassy places. 166976 *Scirpus prolifer Rottb. Swamps near the coast; only record from area is between Okarito and The Forks (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107227 *Scirpus pllngens Yahl (S. american us in Coastal lagoons, intertidal mud, and Leplocarpus marsh. 195123 Moore & Edgar 1970) Scirplls reticu/aris (Col.) Edgar Swamp at Lakes Wahapo and Mapourika; muddy track at junction of Karangarua and Copland Rivers. 199260 IN *Scirpus subtilissimus (Boeck.) Blake Collected from pakihi and salt meadow near Okarito. 195144 '" Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

VI Thelymitra longifolia J. R. et G. Forst. Recent gravels in Waiho and Fox valleys below the glaciers; coastal w talus on Waikowhai Bluff. 150784 N Thelymitra venosa R.Br. Piedmont moraines, in stunted vegetation on gley podzols; similar vegetation in upper Karangarua valley; on Sentinel Rock. 150780 ·Triglochin striatum Ruiz et Pav. Salt meadow at Okarito and Five Mile Lagoons. 195152 Trisetum antarcticum Trin. Montane and subalpine grassland, on river fiats, moraine, and talus; swamp at 600 m, Architects Creek. 179218 Trisetum youngii Hook.f. Subalpine and low-alpine grassland. 179229 ·Typha orientalis C. B. Presl Lowland swamp; very local. 195133 Uncinia aUinis (C. B. Clarke) Hamlin Grassy fiats in mountain valleys of Karangarua and Landsborough Rivers. Dense tussocks with dark brown, sheathing leaf bases. 191921 Uncinia clavata (Kuk.) Hamlin Lowland to 1 000 m, slips and track edges through forest. 203443 Uncinia distans Boott By tracks at 750 m, upper Copland valley and at Lake Matheson. 203442 Uncinia divaricata Boott Subalpine and low alpine in stony grassland; montane as pioneer on moraines and slips. 179264 Uncinia drucei Hamlin Alpine; collected at 1 500 m, on Burton Range, and at 1 200 m, by Castle' Rocks near Franz Josef Glacier. Forms low, open turf. 214846 Z Uncinia egmontiana Hamlin Grassy fiats in lowland and mountain valleys. Dense tussocks with G light brown, sheathing leaf bases. 185607 ~ Uncinia ferruginea Boott Lowland to 750 m, slips and track edges through forest. 228096 Uncinia filiform is Boott Mainly in forest on leached soils on piedmont moraines; also col ~ lected from subalpine forest, Alex Knob. 203692 p; Uncinia juscovaginata Kiik. Collected at 1 200 m, grassland on Copland Range near head of s. Rough Creek. "Very rare in Westland" according to Moore & ...... Edgar (1970). 191887 o s:: Uncinia gracilenta Hamlin Montane and subalpine; slips, scrub, and forest; also collected once .... in grassland at 825 m. 203418 Uncinia invoillta Hamlin Subalpine scrub, Alex Knob and Copland Range. 185754 ~ Uncinia longifructus (Kiik.) Petrie Rock crevice on Mt Spencer, 1200 m. Also at Marks Flat, on rock o in NotllOfagus menziesii forest at I 000 m. 228079 ttl Uncinia nervosa Boott Leached, boggy soil from 300-1 350 m; Leptospermllm scrub, bog, - ct. o and grassland, apparently local. 166562 6) Uncinia rllpestris Raoul Piedmont and montane, in forest and scrub on gley podzols. 191867 ::J Uncinia sinclairii Boott Subalpine, local in short grassland on stony river fiats. 195194 '< Uncinia uncinata (Linn.f.) Kiik. The common Uncinia of lowland and montane forest and !.H successional scrub. 185748 Uncinia viridis (C. B. Clarke) Edgar Collected from alpine grassland and herbfieId, Fox and Burton --J\0 Ranges. 166913 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Uncinia zolovii Hamlin Lowland and montane on somewhat leached soil in forest. More :E tufted and robust than the turf-forming U. rupestris, with which it ~ aPJ?arently hybridises. 185751 a ·Zostera muelleri Aschers. Okanto Lagoon, permanently submerged at southern (more saline) end. 195166 ·Zoysia minima (Colenso) Zotov Coastal dunes at Gillespies Beach and Okarito Spit. 179160 f HYBRIDS ~ + + Indicates that parentage assigned is almost certainly correct. j;;'" + Indicates some doubt as to either parentage or hybrid origin. ::s + +-Arislotelia frutieosa X serrala Collected in Waiho valley below Franz Josef Glacier. 157771 0- -I- +Asplenium bulbi/erum X /Iaecidum Waiho valley below glacier. 214806 Z -I- Asplenium /aleatum X /Iaecidum Waiho valley below glacier. 155793 ...~ -I- -I-Carmichaelia grandi/lora X nigrans A mixed population below Fox highway bridge contains intermedi- o· ates, although Simpson (1945) places parents in different ::I subgenera. 179138 e:. -I- -I- Celmisia armstrongii X eoriaeea Hybrid clone among parent plants. Moraines of La Perouse Glacier. 185792 +Celmisia gracilenta X sessiliflora Scattered plants in alpine grassland, upper Callery valley and ...~ Douglas Pass. 214956 ?;" -I- -I-Coprosma aSlonii X depressa 900 m in forest in upper Copland valley; putative parents present. 166739 +Coprosma erenulata X serrulata I 200 m south end of Copland Range. Putative parents present, but plant may be reduced C. serrulata. 191812 -1--1-Coprosma propinqlla X robusta Solitary plants in swamp at head of Lake Wahapo, and on Okarito Spit. C. robusta not seen nearer than Kumara. 208392 +Corillrill plumosa X sarmentosll (=C. Clones intermediate in leaf characters between putative parents. "Iurida") Either a hybrid, or less likely, a good species. 203452 -I- -I-Dacrydium intermedium X laxi/olillm Semi-scandent in scrub on the piedmont moraines. Quinn & Ratten bury (1972) discuss putative origin. 199249 -I- -I-Epilobillm alsinoides subsp. atriplici/olium Grassland on stony flat at Horace Walker River, 900 m. 228197 X subsp. tenuipes -I- -I- Fuchsia excortieara X perscandens (= F. Hybrid plants OCCUI'.' where the parents grow together from Mc "colensoi") Donalds Creek northwards. 185717 -I- -I- Gallltheria depressa X rupestris var. 975 m, under scrub regenerating after fire, Horace Walker moraines. 214987 parvi/olia -I- + Gaultheria rupestris X Pernettya Occurs with parents in Waiho valley below glacier. 166632 macrostigma -I- -I-Muehlenbeckia al/stralis X axillaris Clones in two localities where putative parents meet; 850 m in upper VI Copland valley; up-valley from Cassel Flat, 250 m. Flowers, but w probably sterile. 203461 w Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

-I- VI +-Olearia arborescens x ilici/olia Collected near Franz Josef Glacier, 200 m and 1000 m. 208348 W + + Olearia arborescens x lacunosa Collected from summit of Alex Knob by A. Ure. 228082 .s;:.. +-+-Olearia avicenniae/olia X moschata With putative parents on moraines of Balfour Glacier, 840 m; and at Castle Rocks, 1 000 m and 1 200 m. 203404 + + Olearia ilici/olia x lacunosa Occasional seedlings with parents, rarely adult plants. 191864 +Olearia moschata x nummulari/olia Occasional plants among parents, pioneer on moraines. 185791 + + Ollrisia caespitosa x macrocarpa (=0. One plant seen on Fox Range, 1 540 m. 191948 "cockayniana") + + Podocarpus hallii X nivalis Hybrids common where parents meet on mountains near Main Divide; also occasional hybrids on piedmont moraines where P. nivalis absent. 203477 203670 +Podocarplls nivalis X totara Possible parentage of a large shrub on Omoeroa Saddle, 300 m. 125782 + Polystichum cystostegia x vestitllm 1 200 m, hole between rocks, Neophyte. 214955 + + Pselldopanax anomaillm X simplex Occasional plants in lowland and montane forest. 125778 Z ADVENTIVE SPECIES C1l *Achillea mille/olium L. Christmas Flat, beside hut, 750 m. Common on lowland valley fiats. 214860 ~ Agrostis stoloni/era L. Only colIected on gravel beach at Waihapi Creek mouth; but prob ably common around brackish lagoons. 166986 ~ Agrostis tenuis Sibth. P> Common on river fiats, up to 300 m. Locally common on higher ::I fiats, including Christmas Flat at 750 m. 191856 Q. Aira caryophyllea L. Stony river fiats. 166625- .... 0 Aira praecox L. Collected on gravel in Waiho glacial valley at 200 m. 228179 t:: Alopecurus geniculatus L. Lowland wet pasture and swamp; also collected in swamp at I 200 m ... on Copland Range. 191807 ::I Ammophila arenaria (L.) Link Five Mile and Okarito. Dominant on sand dunes. 218717 ~ Anagallis arvensis L. Okarito; talus behind the beach. 214823 0.... • Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Common in grassland on lowland and montane river fiats. 228083 Cd Barbarea intermedia Bor. Franz Josef; roadside at motor camp. 214810 0 Bellis perennis L. Lawn, Franz losef. 218794 S ::I Bromus mollis L. Okarito, coastal talus; Five Mile, sand dune; roadside, Franz Josef. 214829 '< Bromus racemosus L. CoJlected on sand dune at Gillespies Beach. 179190 Callitriche stagnalis Scop. Common in lowland pools and small streams. 203675 ,!.-J- Calystegia sepium (L.) R.Br. Garden weed and on roadsides, in Franz Josef district. 218796 Carex ovalis Good. Open grassy places, up to Cassel Flat (200 m), Skiffington Swamp 1.0 --...I (300 m), and Architects Creek (565 m). 1791CO VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Carex vulpinoidea Mixch. Collected from ditch between Potters Creek and Tatare (R. Mason ~ & N. T. Moar). 107642 ... ·Cerastium holosteoides Fries Stony places; the most widespread exotic, occurring to above 900 m. 203450 0. Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Common on lowland river fiats. Patch at 905 m at Horace Walker 0- Douglas junction. 214858 Cirsium vulgare (Savi.) Ten. Gravelly places, especially landslides, to heads of mountain valleys ~ (highest altitude 750 m). 203410 ~ Coronopus didymus (L.) Sm. Okarito, talus just above beach. 214822 Co ~ Crepis capillaris (L.) Wallr. Collected on landslide at 750 m, upper Copland valley. 203446 ::l Crocosmia x crocosmii/lora (Nichols.) Roadsides and disturbed ground, spreading by corms. 228106 0. Brown Cuscuta epilhymum Murr. Cook River flats, parasitic on Raoulia /enuicaulis; lawn, Franz Josef. 179018 .....~ Cynosurus cristallts L. Lowland pastures. 228084 o· • Dac/ylis glomerata L. Coastal and lowland grassland. 218725 ::l nelltzi" scabra Thunb. Roadside at MacDonalds Creek, probably persisting from cultivation. 228167 e. nigitalis pllrpurea L. Gillespies Beach, gorse-covered dunes. 208334 ETodea canadensis Michx. Found in Lake Mapourika in 1974. 228105 ...~ Epilobillm adenocaulon Hausskn. Mainly gardens and waste ground. Also at Welcome Flat. 203421 ~ Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Wet lowland places. 208387 Fesruca rubra var. commutata Gaud. Common on river fiats, to above 600 m. 179125 Gnlillm palustre L. Lowland, wet ground and swamps. 166954 r.lyceria declinnta Breb. Wet pasture. 179128 GllapllOlium spicatum Lam. Bulldozer track through scrub, Waiho glacial valley, 215 m. 208359 Hieracium pi/osella L. Stony grass flat at Horace Walker River, 900 m; 2 patches seen in 1975. 228198 Hieracium prealtum Gochnat. Grass fiats; confluence of Horace Walker and Douglas Rivers, middle flat at Architects Creek. Christmas Flat; and since 1970 has become abundant in upper reaches of Copland valley. 185723 Holcus lanatus L. Pasture and river flats, including Architects Creek at 550 m. 166624 Hordeum murinum L. Five Mile, on sand dunes. 218722 Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. ex DC. Fixed dunes; Five Mile, and a few other places near old settlements. Scarcely naturalised. 218737 Hypericum androsaemum L. Collected between Lake Mapourika and Tatare River (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107396 Hypericum hookerianum Wright et Arn. Collected between Potters Creek and Tatare River (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107055 Hypericum humi/usum L. Roadside bank Gillespies Beach. VI at 208306 w Hypericum per/oratum L. Collected by G. Rennison, on roadside north of Fox Glacier. 218802 VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Hypochaeris radicata L. Ut Grassy river fiats. 179145 '..... Impatiens glandulifera Royle Around Franz Josef village and on roadside between Franz Josef 0\ and Lake Mapourika. 205247 Juncus acuminatus Michx. Wet pasture, lower Tatare River; in tidal river. Waitangiroto. 114999 Juncus articulatlls L. Lowland. abundant on wet ground and in shallow swamps. Archi- tects Creek. 600 m. 125789 Juncus bufonius L. Lowland grassland. abundant; also Lame Duck Flat at 600 m. 123558 Juncus bulbosus L. Lowland. submerged in lakes and pools. 179139 Juncus canadensis Gay Disturbed ground; to 600 m in upper Karangarua valley. 191981 Juncus eOusus L. Grassy river fiats; to 600 m in upper Karangarua valley. and at I 000 m. damp ground on moraine of Horace Walker Glacier. 191984 J IIncus tenllis Willd. Grassy river fiats. especially on tracks; follows Copland track to 900 m. 179102 Lcontodon taraxacoides (Vie!.) Merat. In grassland as pioneer on river fiats. lowland moraine, dunes. etc. 166544 Lepidium ruderale L. Coastal talus at Waikowhai Bluff and Waiho Bluff. 208338 Leycesteria formosa Wall. Spreading along roadsides through lowland forest. 179051 Z Loli/tnt multitlorllm Lam. Collected as pioneer on river silt. Cassel Flat. 179127 0 "Lotium perelllle L. River fiats. 179179 ~ Lonicera pericfymenum L. Between Potters Creek and Tatare River (R. Mason & N. T. Moar); also persisting from cultivation at Five Mile. 107053 ~ Lotus pedunculatlls Cav. Pioneer on river fiats. 179022 '"r;;' Lupinus arborells L. Five Mile and Okarito Spit. on sand dunes. 218723 ::s Luzula congesta (Thuill.) Lej. Lowland river fiats. 179144 0. Mimulus moschatus Doug. Collected south of Lake Mapourika (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107060 g~ Montia verna Necker Shallow streams, roadside water tables. 203674 ... Myosotis caespitosa Schultz Shallow streams on river fiats, including Cassel Flat and Architects ::s Creek at 600 m. 179017 ~ Nasturtium microphyffum (Boenn.) Rchb. Between Potters Creek and Tatare River (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107056 ....0 Nasturtium oOicinale R.Br. Shallow water. lowland. 203673 tc Ornithopus perpusiffus L. Floor of shingle pit by road. Lake Mapourika. 218807 Q Oxalis articulata Savigny Garden escape at Okarito. 185714 ~ Parentuccffia viscosa (L.) Guuel Stony. open grassland, Cook and Waiho River fiats. 228163 ::s Parochetus communis Hamilt. Roadsides in Waiho and Fox valleys, below the glaciers. 179007 '<

Paspalum dUatatum Poir. Collected at Okarito Lagoon (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107256 .~ • Phlcum pratense L. Lowland pastures. 228085 Plantago hirtefla H. B. K. Lowland and coastal grassy places. 199212 \0 -....I Plantago lanecolata L. Lowland grassland. 179023 Ut Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Poa annlla L. Lowland grassland and waste places; also at 750 m on landslide in upper Copland valIey, and at I 000 m at Horace Walker River at ~ bivouac site. 203466 a Poa pratensis L. On sand dune at Gillespies Beach; flats of Waiho glacial valIey; swamp at 1 200 m on Copland Range. 179166 191808 Poa /rivialis L. Roadside through forest, Waiho glacial valIey. 228164 ~ Polycarpon tetraphyllum L. Coastal sand, Okarito. 208368 :::. P> ·Polygonum persicaria L. Wet pastures. 195167 ::J Prunella vulgaris L. Lowland grassy places. 218808 0- RlInllnclilus flammliia L. Flat at head Of Lake Wahapo, pool in swamp; Waikukupa flats. 208385 Z P> Rublls fru/icoslIs L. aggr. Abundant on roadsides and rough pasture. 214813 ..... Rumex acetosella L. Coastal sand, Okarito; beside hut at Christmas Flat, 750 m. 214861 o· Rumex crispus L. Salt meadow at Okarito Lagoon. 195137 ::J • Rumex obtllsifolius L. Pasture; up to 200 m at Cassel Flat. 183672 E.. SaRina procwnbens L. Grassland and coastal banks; to 950 m in Landsborough valIey. 179024 Salix capraea L. Clump persisting in wet holIow, at end of Waiho Bridge, surrounded ..,~ by young forest. 218562 :-;"' Salix fragilis L. Mouth of Macdonalds Creek and adjacent shores of Lake Mapourika. 228164 Sarothamnus scoparius (L.) Wimmer One shrub on grass flat, Waiho River. 208399 Scilla non-scripta L. Okarito, persisting from old gardens. 185715 Scirplls setaceus L. Wet hollows, Cook River flats and Lake Windermere. 179181 Senecio ;acobaea L. Lowland, among pioneer vegetation and grassland on river flats and fans. 228059 Senecio sylva/iells L. Collected on sand dune at Gillespies Beach. 179188 • Sisymbrillm o/Jicinale (L.) Scop. Recorded only where supplies air-dropped, 950 m, junction of Horace Walker and Douglas Rivers. - 228086 Sisyrinchium "chilense Hook." ColIected in grassland on Cook River flats. 179142 Solanum nigrum L. Occasional on disturbed ground. 218561 Soliva pterosperma Less. On gravel at Franz Joset Motor Camp. 218711 Sonchus asper (L.) Hill Mainly coastal, on disturbed ground, cliffs, and talus; also at 750 m on landslides in upper Copland valley. 203409 Sonchus oleraceus var. integrifolius Walb. ColIected on sand dune at Gillespies Beach. 179186 Spergula arvensis L. Gravel on roadside, Franz Josef. 218559 Spiraea japonica L. ColIected near The Forks and between Potters Creek and Tatare River. (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107208 VI Srellaria a/sine Grimm Coastal talus, Okarito. 214825 I;.) SuI/aria graminea L. Wet grassland. 179176 -.I Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Stellaria media (L.) ViII. Coastal talus. Okarito. VI 214824 w Taraxacum officinall! Weber Stony river flats; to 1 000 m at McKenna Creek. 199293 00 Trifolium dubium Sibth. Pioneer on river flats. 179170 Trifolium pratense L. Cassel Flat, 200 m in Agrostis tenllis grassland. 214859 ·Trifolium repens L. Lowland pastures. 228087 Ulex europaells L. Common on lowland river beds (especially of Waiho), and along coastal cliffs. 214815 Veronica arvensis L. Collected on sand dune at Gillespies Beach. 179169 Veronica serpylli/olia L. Damp grassland, roadsides. 166756 Vieja angllstifolia L. Collected in roadside ditch north of Lake Mapourika. 179050 Vilipia myllros (L.) Gmel. Sand dune, Five Mile; stony river flats, Cook River and Christmas Flat. 179175

ApPENDIX I SPECIES LISTEO By CocKAYNE. 1930. BUT NOT CoLLECfED DURING PRESENT SURVEY (Modem names in brackets) oz FERNS AND RELATED GROUPS ~ Azolla rubra According to Miss R. Mason, has never been collected in Westland. ~ Botrychium allstrale 5' Dryoptcris (= Ctenitis) decomposita Searched for without success. ::J Gleichenia alpin a Probably stunted plants of G. circinata. 0. Ilymenopltyllum bivalve Common on forest floor in north Westland, but not collected south ....o of Lake Kaniere. r:: Ilypolepis pllnctata ... ::J lIypolepis tenui/olia ~ Ophioglossllm pedllnclilosum o..... DICOTYLEDONS t:I:l 9- Acaena sangllisorbae var. pi/osa A. caesiiglauca var. pi/osa in Allan 1961. I» Acaena sangllisorbae var. plisilla A. pusilla in Allan 1961. ::J Angelica deci piens '< Celmisia alpina Probably =c. graminifolia. ~ Celmisia discolor Celmisia laricifolia -\0 -....I Coprosma robusta Not seen south of Kumara. VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Coriaria angustissima Possibly =C, p/umosa. COlltia pyrethri/olia Probably =c, peclinata var. willcoxii. ~ Dichondra repens Possibly = D. brevi/olia. a Drapetes vil/osus Possibly = D. multi/lorus. Epilobium juncellm Either =E. billardierianum var. cinereum or E. hirtigerum (neither collected) . Epilobium /lumml/lari/olium According to Dr P. H. Raven (pers. comm.), native only in North ~ Auckland. t:. Epilobillm westlandicum Nomen nudum? :s Erechtites arguta 0-'" Euphorbia glauca Shore, Okarito (Cockayne 1912). Euphrasia cockayniana See comment under E. zelandica. ~ Euphrasia laingii Outside range. Probably =E. petriei. g.- Galium propinquum Possibly = our G. tenuicaule. Gentiana montana e. Geum unit/orum See Appendix III. Probably = G. monoica. Gunnera albocarpa our ...~ II aastia sinclairii See Appendix III. :>I'" Hebe haastii var. macroca/yx Hydrocotyle dissecta Limosella Iineata Myoporum laetum Myriophyllum votschii Possibly = our M. pedllnculatum. Olearia cymbi/olia Not known from Westland. Parsollsia capsularis Ranunculus macropus Scleranthus bitlorus Probably =S. uni/lorus. Senecio bidwillii var. viridis Specimen at CHR is labelled Franz Josef, but probably in error. Senecio lautus Senecio lyallii Spergularia marginata Wahlenbergia albomarginata Probably = W. pygmaea. MONOCOTYLEDONS Asperella gracilis Probably our Cockaynea laevis. Caladenia Iyallii Carex buchanan; VI Carex diandra \0IoU Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Carex torsteri VI Carex subdola o""" Carex wakatipu Cordyline banksii See Appendix III. Deschampsia novae-zelandiae Deyeuxia quadriseta Festuca novae-zelandiae Certainly =F. mathewsii. luncus holoschoenus Lemna minor LuzlIla trayersii Westland National Park not within known range. Danthonia' ~= Notodanlhonia} piIosa Probably refers to another species such as N. gracilis. Poa astonii Westland National Park well outside known range. Spiranthes sinensis Tiisetum subspicatum Uncinia banksi!

zo HYBRIDS - FERNS ~ Asplenium adiantoides (= hookerianum) X Species not found in proximity. bllibi/erum ~ Asplenium adiantoides X flaccidum Species grow together, but variation in A. hookerianum would make ~ hybridism difficult to substantiate. 8- Asplenium adiantoides X lucidum Species not found in prOldmity...... Asplenium lucidum X bulbi/erum g Asplenium lucidum X /laccidum Asplenium obtusatum . X bulbi/erum 3 ~ Hymenophyllum pel tatum X tunbridgense ( =revolutum) sa. Hypo/epis tenui/olia X punctata Parent species not seen in district. Hypolepis tenui/olia x rugosula ~ Leptopteris (=Todea) hymenophylloides X ~ ::s superba '< HYBRIDS - CONIFERS ~- Hybrids with P. uculi/olius would be indistinguishable from those \0 Podocarplls aCUli/olius x hallii -'-01 Podocarplls acuti/olius X nivalis } with P. totara vaT. waihoensis as a putative parent. VI Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

HYBRIDS - DICOTYLEDONS ~ Anisotome haastii x pili/era a.. Celmisia coriacea X petiolala Celmisia discolor X walkeri C. discolor was not found in present survey. f Celmisia longi/olia (= vespertina?) X coriacea Celmisia sessili/lora X longi/olia ~ c:. Coprosma colensoi X /oetidissima ~ Coprosma ramulosa (=depressa) X ::J pseudocllneala 0. Coriaria angustissima X C. lurida Z Coriaria angustissima X sarmentosa ~ Coriaria arborea X sarmentosa -o· Coriaria arborea X lurida ::J e:. Coriaria lurida X sarmentosa Craspedia minor X major ~ X .... Dracophyllum kirkii longi/olium :0;- Dracophyllum longi/olium X unillorum Dracophyllum uni/lorum X kirkii Epilobium pubens X glabellum Euphrasia cockayniana X zelandica See notes under E. zelandica. Gaultheria antipoda X rupestris Gallitheria perplexa (=Pernettya macrostigma) X depressa Melicytus lanceolatus X rami/lorus Muehlenbeckia australis X complexa Parsonsia capsularis X heterophylla Senecio lyallii X scorzoneroides

HYBRIDS -MONOCOTYLEDONS Astelia nervosa (= /ragrans) X The wide variation within A. nervosa in different habitats may ac cockaynei (=nervosa) count for this report. Astelia cockaynei X petriei Danthonia (=Chionochloa) crassiuscula X Probably these reported Chionochloa hybrids would now be regarded /Iavescens as distinct species. Danthonia /Iavescens X cunninghamii Vo ( =conspicua) """ Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Danthonia flavescens x raoulii var. rubra V\ (= c. rubra) Phormium tenox X co/enso; ~ Uncinia caespitosa x filiform is

ApPENi>IX II

OllfER SPECIES RECORDED OR POSSIBLY PRESENT Ce/misia sinclairii Probably =c. du-rict:.ii Clematis parviflora var. trilobata Hamilton 1879. Coprosma arco/ata Cockayne 1910 (See Appendix III). Danthonia scmiannularis Cockayne 1912. Dracophyllllm urvilleanllm var. montanum Cockayne 1912. Westland National Park outside range of species. Epilob;um cOllferlifolillm subsp. lasmanicllm Three sheets collected from sparse vegetation at 1 600-1 650 m (Hauss.) Raven et Engel. include material identified by P. H. Raven as E. tasmanicllm. Most. if not all, of this is reduced plants of E. alsinoides and E. z porphyrillm. 179271 (11 179262 :€ 214939 Ell phrasia /Ilomoi Cockayne 1912. Westland National Park outside range of species. ~ Fagus solalldri Hamilton 1879 (Holloway 1954, p. 384 records a stand of NOlhofagus S; solandri var. cfifJorlioides on Bald Hill south of Paringa). Farms (=Nolhofaglls) (usca 8. Hamilton 1879. .... Gaimardia scIacca Hook.f. CHR 120139 is annotated as collected on Alex Knob by G. Simpson, g but likely sites searched without success. .., Lallrelia novae-ze/andiac Holloway (1957) cites Douglas as reporting a single tree in Copland valley; on the grounds of known ecology and distribution, this ~ is an extremely unlikely record. o...... Lycopodium lalcrale Hamilton 1879. Probably confined to western Nelson. t:I:l ~ ~ ::s ApPENDIX III '< FURllfER INDIGENOUS SPECIES COLLECTED IN WESTLAND BETWEEN THE HOKITIKA AND HAAST RIVERS ~ Acaena jissilipll/a Bitter 950 m, in open scrub on moraine, Marks Flat. 223936 \0 Acacna inermis Hook.f. 450 m, in grassland on a stony flat at the junction of Landsborough -..J River and Zora Creek. 214992 V\ Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Acianthus lornicatus R.Br. Bog, north of Poerua River (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107283 Agrostis parvillora R.Br. 450 m, turf at the margin of Notholaglls menziesii forest, junction of ~ Landsborough River and Zora Creek. 214967 a Asplenium trichomanes L. 460 m. In shelter of boulders, near terminal of Strachan Glacier (Landsborough catchment). 223943 f Carmichaelia cf. arborea (Forst.f.) Druce 275 m, greywacke bluff by Landsborough River, below Brodrick Pass. Plant lax, 0.5 m tall, and one of specimens has pods smaller than ~ those of C. aborea. 218506 Co 218509 P> :::s0- Carmichaelia cf. violacea Kirk 450 m. In grassland on a stony flat at junction of Landsborough River Z and Zora Creek. Stiff, closely branched shrub 0.3"'{).5 m tall which ... seems identical to Canterbury material of C. violacea, but material '" sterile except for a few persisting replums. 218508 Coprosma areolata Cheesem. Swampy ground at junction of Waitaha and Kakapotahi Rivers. t Southern limit on West Coast? 218972 ~ Coprosma atropurpurea (Ckn. et Allan) 950 m, well-drained grassland on moraine, Marks Flat. 223926 .., Moore (C. petrei var. atropurpurea in :>;"' Allan 1961) Cordylinc banksii Hook f. South bank of Whataroa River, by main highway. Southern limit? 181729 Cotula perpusilla Hook.f. 450 m, grassland, Hinds Flat in Landsborough valley. 223973 Deschampsia cf. chapmani Petrie 1 500 m. seepage at head of Browning Creek, an eastern tributary of Landsborough River. 223960 Eleocharis pusil/a R.Br. 950 m, mud of temporary pool, Marks Flat. 223916 Gellm unillorum Buchan. Low-alpine grassland of Hokitika catchment. Wardle 1968. Glossnstigmll submersum Petrie 950 m, mud of temporary pool. Marks Flat. 223915 Gnaphalium mackayi (Buchan.) Ckn. Seepage at 1 500 m at head of Browning Creek. and Marks Flat. both in Landsborough catchment. 256902 Haastia sinclairii Hook.f. I 800 m. rocky ridge on Landsborough side of Mt Clarke; greywacke screes at headwaters of Hokitika River. 223964 Hebe cockayniana (Cheesem.) Ckn. et Allan 1000-1050 m. talus slopes above Marks Flat. Northern limit? 223883 Hebe pauciramosa (Ckn. et Allan) Moore 950 m, Chionochloa rubra swamp. Marks Flat. 223913 Herpolirion novae-zelandiae Hook.f. 350 m, Chionochloa rllbra grassland, Kea Flat in Landsborough valley. 214976 Lagenilera pI/mila (Forst.f.) Cheesem. Wet ground among boulders, Makawhio River. Possibly intergradcs (Lagenophora pumila in Allan 1961) with L. petiolata. from which it differs in its glabrous leaves with Vl ~ few teeth, one pair of which is below the lamina proper. 191907 ~ Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017

Lagenilera strangulata Col. Common in Notholagus menziesii forest of Landsborough valley, VI ~ (Lagenophora petiolata in Allan 1961) mainly near margins. 215001 ~ Libertia peregrinans CIm. et Allan 500 m, pioneer on landslip, Toaroha tributary of Hokitika River. 146916 Luzula rula var. albicomans Edgar 450 m, grassland on stony fiat, junction of Landsborough River and Zora Creek. 214973 Metrosideros robusta A. Cunn. Two large trees of epiphytic origin at Lake Mahinapua. severely damaged by opossums. Southern limit? 199283 Ourisia macrophylla var. lactea Moore Hokitika catchment (no details of habitat). Wardle 1968. Paratrophis microphylla (Raoul) Ckn. Dacrycarpus dacrydioides forest near mouth of Waitangiroto River. Southern limit on West Coast? 185731 Peraxilla colensoi (Hook.f.) Tiegh Parasitic on NOlo/agus menziesii at junction of Landsborough River (Elytranthe colensoi in Allan 1961) and McLennan Creek. 214966 Peraxilla tetrapetala (Linn.f) Tiegh Parasitic on Notho/agus menzie~iiat junction of Landsborough River (Elytranthe tetrapetala in Allan 1961) and McLennan Creek. 214979 Phymatosorus scandens (Forst.f.) Pic. Ser. On trunk of Dacrycarpus dacrydioides. near mouth of Waitangiroto (Phymatodes scandens in Allan 1961) River. 218875 Pitlosporum eugenioides A. Cunn. North bank of Totara River (near Ross). beside main highway. Z Southern limit on West Coast? 179l3l G Poa lindsayi Hook.f. 950 m, on open patches in grassland, Marks Flat. 223888 ~ Scirpus sulcatus var. distigmatosa C. B. Clarke Collected north of Haast (H. Talbot) and at Shearers Swamp south ~ of Mikonui River (R. Mason & N. T. Moar). 107362 Il' Senecio lyalli; Hook.f. 950 m, wet bluff above Marks Flat. 223902 6r Sparganium subgloboslIm Morong. Occasional with Baumea tereli/olia in the large swamp between Wai ::I tangitaona and Waitangiroto Rivers. Southern limit? Q.. 208383 ..... Stellaria gracilenta Hook.f. Bare, stony places throughout Landsborough catchment, montane to 0 low alpine. 215000 ...c:: Tillaea sinclairii Hook.f. 950 m, mud of temporary pool, Marks Flat. 223914 ::I e:- O ..... to 0 E) ::I '<

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\D --..J VI Wardle-Westland National Park 545

REFERENCES

ALLAN, H. H. 1961: "Flora of New Zealand". Vol. I. Government Printer, Wellington. I 085 pp. CHEESEMAN, T. F. 1925: "Manual of the New Zealand Flora", 2nd ed. Gov ernment Printer, Wellington. I 163 pp. CocKAYNE, L. 1910: "List of plants from the Franz Josef Glacier to the coast-line". Government Printer, Wellington. 4 pp. ---- 1912: Some hitherto-unrecorded plant-habitats (VII). Transactions and Proceedingl' of the New Zealand Institute 44: 51-9. 1930: The glacial scenic reserves of Westland. Annual report of Scenery-Preservation for the Year ended 31st March. 1930. Appendices to the Journal of the llouse of Representatives. Appe1ldix C~: II pp. DRURY. D. G. 1972: The cluster and solitarv-headed cudweeds native to New Zealand: (GnaphaJillm Section Euchiton-Compositae), N.Z. Journal of Bota1lY 10: 112-79. GROVES, n. E.; HAIR, J. n. 1971: Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora-15 miscellaneous families. N.Z. Journal of Botany 9: 569-75. HAMILTON, A. 1879: List of plants collected in the district of Okarito, Westland. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zeala1ld Institute 11: 435-8. HOLLOWAY, JOHN T. 1954: Forests and climates in the South Island of New Zealand. Trallsactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 82: 329-410. 1957: Charles Douglas-Observer extraordinary. New Zealand Journal of Forestry 7(4): 35-40. MOORE, Lucy B.; EDGAR, EUZABETII 1970: "Flora of New Zealand", Vol. II. Government Printer, Wellington. 354 pp. QUINN, C. J.; RATTENBURY, J. A. 1972: Structural hybridity in New Zealand Dacrydium. N.Z. Journal of Botany 10: 427-36. SIMPSON, GED. 1945: A revision of the genus Carmichaelia (Cockayne Memorial Paper No. J). Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 75: 231-87. Downloaded by [125.239.126.83] at 08:03 06 September 2017 WARDLE, P. 1968: A floristic list for the Hokitika catchment. N.Z. Journal of Botany 6: 523. 1974: The kahikatea (Dacrycarpus dacrydioides) forest of South Westland. Proceedings of the N.Z. Ecological Society 21: 62-71.