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Bianca Rantin Comportamento E Distribuição De Bagres Subterrâneos E Epígeos, Subfamília Copionodontinae Pinna, 1992

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Bianca Rantin Comportamento E Distribuição De Bagres Subterrâneos E Epígeos, Subfamília Copionodontinae Pinna, 1992 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SÃO CARLOS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECOLOGIA E RECURSOS NATURAIS DEPARTAMENTO DE ECOLOGIA E BIOLOGIA EVOLUTIVA BIANCA RANTIN COMPORTAMENTO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE BAGRES SUBTERRÂNEOS E EPÍGEOS, SUBFAMÍLIA COPIONODONTINAE PINNA, 1992 (SILURIFORMES, TRICHOMYCTERIDAE) DA CHAPADA DIAMANTINA, BAHIA CENTRAL SÃO CARLOS 2011 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SÃO CARLOS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ECOLOGIA E RECURSOS NATURAIS DEPARTAMENTO DE ECOLOGIA E BIOLOGIA EVOLUTIVA BIANCA RANTIN COMPORTAMENTO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE BAGRES SUBTERRÂNEOS E EPÍGEOS, SUBFAMÍLIA COPIONODONTINAE PINNA, 1992 (SILURIFORMES, TRICHOMYCTERIDAE) DA CHAPADA DIAMANTINA, BAHIA CENTRAL Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ecologia. Orientação: Profa. Dra. Maria Elina Bichuette SÃO CARLOS 2011 Ficha catalográfica elaborada pelo DePT da Biblioteca Comunitária da UFSCar Rantin, Bianca. R213cd Comportamento e distribuição de bagres subterrâneos e epígeos, subfamília Copionodontinae Pinna, 1992 (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae) / Bianca Rantin. -- São Carlos : UFSCar, 2011. 137 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) -- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2011. 1. Ictiologia. 2. Etologia. 3. Peixe – distribuição geográfica. 4. Copionodontinae. 5. Troglóbio. I. Título. CDD: 597 (20a) AGRADECIMENTOS - agradeço à minha orientadora, Profa. Dra. Maria Elina Bichuette, por todas as orientações acadêmicas e de vida! Também agradeço por ter me iniciado na bioespeleologia – a ciência mais legal do mundo - e por ser minha companheira de aventuras, já são várias histórias para contar! Mas acima de tudo, sou muito grata por ter acreditado em mim. Desde que me contou pela primeira vez sobre este projeto fiquei encantada, e poder realizá-lo foi realmente um grande privilégio. E também serei eternamente grata por ter me deixado nadar no Poço Encantado... duas vezes! - agradeço à minha família, por todo o apoio, carinho e paciência durante todos esses anos. Agradeço especialmente à Nina, Vicky e Millie, que me fizeram querer trabalhar com essa área tão instigante que é o comportamento. - agradeço a todos os linetes, os antigos e os mais novos, por todo o apoio e ajudas em campo. Mas acima de tudo agradeço pela amizade e por todas as tardes divertidíssimas que passamos juntos! - agradeço a meus amigos por todo o carinho, força e tentativas de me ajudar quando eu já estava arrancando os cabelos! - agradeço ao Ivan, pela companhia maravilhosa, por todo o carinho e apoio do mundo. -agradeço ao Xiquinho, pelos causos, aulas de botânica e por nos guiar pelos arredores da grande Igatu. - agradeço ao Adriano Gambarini, pelas as piadas infames e por ter cedido gentilmente as fotos. - agradeço ao Daniel de Stefano Menin, pela disponibilização dos mapas das cavernas de Igatu. - agradeço a Fapesp, pelo apoio financeiro (processo 08910-8). - agradeço ao ICMBIO, pela licença de coleta. SUMÁRIO RESUMO ..........................................................................................................................................01 INTRODUÇÃO GERAL 1. O que são troglóbios e por que estudá-los?.......................................................................03 2. Diversidade, distribuição e comportamento e de peixes subterrâneos..............................05 3. Espécies estudadas.............................................................................................................07 4. Objetivos............................................................................................................................10 5. Referências bibliográficas..................................................................................................11 ÁREA DE ESTUDO E METODOLOGIA DE COLETA E MANUTENÇÃO 1. Chapada Diamantina: geomorfologia e clima....................................................................14 2. Coleta de espécimes e manutenção em laboratório...........................................................15 3. Referências bibliográficas..................................................................................................18 CAPÍTULO I: DISTRIBUIÇÃO E CONSERVAÇÃO DE BAGRES SUBTERRÂNEOS E EPÍGEOS , SUBFAMÍLIA COPIONODONTINAE PINNA , 1992 (S ILURIFORMES , TRICHOMYCTERIDAE ) DA CHAPADA DIAMANTINA , BAHIA CENTRAL 1. Resumo..............................................................................................................................20 2. Abstract..............................................................................................................................21 3. Introdução..........................................................................................................................22 4. Materiais e métodos...........................................................................................................23 5. Resultados..........................................................................................................................23 6. Discussão...........................................................................................................................33 7. Conclusões.........................................................................................................................35 8. Referências bibliográficas..................................................................................................35 CAPÍTULO II: COMPORTAMENTO FOTOTÁTICO DOS BAGRINHOS COPIONODONTINAE PINNA , 1992 (S ILURIFORMES , TRICHOMYCTERIDAE ) DA CHAPADA DIAMANTINA , BAHIA CENTRAL 1. Resumo..............................................................................................................................39 2. Abstract..............................................................................................................................40 3. Introdução..........................................................................................................................41 4. Materiais e métodos...........................................................................................................43 5. Resultados..........................................................................................................................44 6. Discussão...........................................................................................................................49 7. Conclusões.........................................................................................................................51 8. Referências bibliográficas..................................................................................................51 CAPÍTULO III: COMPORTAMENTO AGONÍSTICO DE BAGRES SUBTERRÂNEOS E EPÍGEOS , SUBFAMÍLIA COPIONODONTINAE PINNA , 1992 (S ILURIFORMES , TRICHOMYCTERIDAE ) DA CHAPADA DIAMANTINA , BAHIA CENTRAL 1. Resumo..............................................................................................................................55 2. Abstract..............................................................................................................................56 3. Introdução..........................................................................................................................57 4. Materiais e métodos...........................................................................................................58 5. Resultados..........................................................................................................................61 6. Discussão...........................................................................................................................73 7. Conclusões.........................................................................................................................75 8. Referências bibliográficas..................................................................................................76 CAPÍTULO IV: COMPORTAMENTO ESPONTÂNEO , ALIMENTAR E REAÇÃO A ESTÍMULOS MECÂNICOS DE BAGRES SUBTERRÂNEOS E EPÍGEOS , SUBFAMÍLIA COPIONODONTINAE PINNA , 1992 (S ILURIFORMES , TRICHOMYCTERIDAE ) DA CHAPADA DIAMANTINA , BAHIA CENTRAL 1. Resumo..............................................................................................................................79 2. Abstract..............................................................................................................................80 3. Introdução..........................................................................................................................81 4. Materiais e métodos 4.1. Espécies estudadas.................................................................................................83 4.2. Observações naturalísticas.....................................................................................84 4.3. Comportamento espontâneo...................................................................................85 4.4. Comportamento alimentar.....................................................................................85 4.5. Reação a estímulos mecânicos...............................................................................86 5. Resultados 5.1. Observações naturalísticas.....................................................................................87 5.2. Comportamento espontâneo..................................................................................89 5.3. Comportamento alimentar.....................................................................................93 5.4. Reação a estímulos mecânicos...............................................................................96
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