Estates Outside Belfast
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Mapping Residential Segregation on Housing Executive Estates in 2011 Report 2: Estates outside Belfast I.G. Shuttleworth and C.D. Lloyd May 2018 [Mapping Residential Segregation in 2011: Estates Outside Belfast] Contents 1.0 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 3 2.0 Data and methods ................................................................................................. 4 3.0 Results .................................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Setting the scene ..................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 Population distributions 2001-11 across Housing Executive estates ................................... 10 4.0 Conclusion ........................................................................................................... 15 References ..................................................................................................................... 17 Appendix 1:Estate Profiles by Council Area ..................................................................... 18 Antrim ............................................................................................................................................... 19 Ards ................................................................................................................................................... 20 Armagh ............................................................................................................................................. 21 Ballymena ......................................................................................................................................... 22 Ballymoney ....................................................................................................................................... 23 Banbridge .......................................................................................................................................... 24 Carrickfergus ..................................................................................................................................... 25 Castlereagh ....................................................................................................................................... 26 Coleraine ........................................................................................................................................... 27 Cookstown ........................................................................................................................................ 28 Craigavon .......................................................................................................................................... 29 Derry ................................................................................................................................................. 30 Down ................................................................................................................................................. 31 Dungannon ....................................................................................................................................... 32 Fermanagh ........................................................................................................................................ 33 Limavady ........................................................................................................................................... 35 Lisburn .............................................................................................................................................. 36 Magherafelt ...................................................................................................................................... 37 Moyle ................................................................................................................................................ 38 Newry and Mourne ........................................................................................................................... 39 Newtownabbey ................................................................................................................................ 40 North Down ...................................................................................................................................... 41 Omagh .............................................................................................................................................. 42 Strabane ............................................................................................................................................ 43 [Mapping Residential Segregation in 2011: Estates Outside Belfast] 1.0 Introduction This report revisits the theme of residential segregation on Northern Ireland Housing Executive Estates outside Belfast District – as defined before the revision of council areas in 2014. This subject continues to be important as the Housing Executive remains a major provider of social housing across Northern Ireland and residential segregation (and its reverse, residential mixing) are still a focus of central government concern through programmes such as Together Building a United Community (TBUC) and an issue in prospect for the next Programme for Government. The questions posed by residential segregation are given a greater edge by the demographic changes experienced in Northern Ireland between 2001 and 2011. These have seen levels of residential segregation, as measured by statistical indicators, decrease. This decade also saw the continued ageing of the population and the rise of immigrant communities, with people from outside Ireland or Britain in a few concentrated areas. These factors all suggest that further consideration of the demographic context of Housing Executive estates – as well as more widely – is timely and necessary, both to provide a benchmark and also to indicate what remains unknown and what population questions require further investigation. This report accordingly starts by considering the context for residential segregation between 2001 and 2011 for Northern Ireland in general and also the twenty-six local government districts that provide a consistent basis for comparison between 2001 and 2011. It then discusses the data and method used. Following this, the report provides summary statistics on residential segregation in Housing Executive estates across Northern Ireland. It then concludes by surveying what is known, as well as highlighting what remains poorly understood. The report itself is kept brief, but detailed statistics by estate by district council (Appendix 1)provide empirical support for observations made in the text. 3 | Page [Mapping Residential Segregation in 2011: Estates Outside Belfast] 2.0 Data and methods Since the Housing Executive does not collect religion/community background information on its residents, the best available approach is to use grid-square data from the Census of Population as described by Shuttleworth and Lloyd (2007) to estimate estate populations by overlaying grid-square data with Housing Executive estate boundaries. This analysis used 100m counts, as these units can capture variations at a small spatial scale and they are also more likely to make better estimates of the individual characteristics of Housing Executive tenants in any given place. The Northern Ireland Grid Square Product, drawn from the Northern Ireland Census, facilitates the analysis of residential segregation at a small spatial scale on housing estates by providing data for very small spatial units. Unique to Northern Ireland, this resource provides univariate counts for a wide variety of Census variables for 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001 and 2011, for 1 km cells and 100m cells for all Northern Ireland in 2001 and 2011, and for selected urban areas in earlier years. Full counts are not available for all variables for all areas. For 1971-2001, where cells contained less than eight households or 25 individuals, religion and community background counts, for instance, are suppressed to preserve confidentiality and only the total population and household counts are given. In 2011, the threshold was raised to 30 usual residents in 10 households. The housing estate boundaries were provided by the Housing Executive. These referenced all properties owned (or previously owned) by the Housing Executive and had already been captured in GIS format as XY point coordinates. Estate codes and estate names were attached to each address point and the estate polygons were digitised based on these characteristics. The process that was adopted to link 100m cells to Housing Executive estates was to allocate a 100m cell to an estate if its centroid fell within the boundary of that estate. For practical purposes, this method of matching the 100m data to Housing Executive estate boundaries was likely to be sufficient, but there may be a small minority of cases where 4 | Page [Mapping Residential Segregation in 2011: Estates Outside Belfast] population from a 100m cell was not allocated to an estate because its centroid lay outside the estate boundaries despite a substantial part of the cell lying within the estate. The findings should therefore be taken as showing overall patterns, trends, and structures. Also, because of the differing disclosure threshold in 2011 as compared