DOCSLIB.ORG

Daylength, Temperature and Nutrient Control of Tetrasporogenesis In

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Daylength, Temperature and Nutrient Control of Tetrasporogenesis In J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.,158 (1992) 197-217 197 O 1992 Elsevier Science Publishers BV. All rights reserved 0022-0981/92l$05.00 JEMBE 0I762 Daylength, temperature and nutrient control of tetrasporogenesisin Asparagopsisarmatq (Rhodophyta) Michael D. Guiry and Clinton J. Dawes Depaftmenl of Botany and Martin Ryan Marine Science Institute, University College Galway, National Llniversity of lreland, Galway, Ireland; Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA (Revision received 23 December 1991; accepted24 Jantary 1992) Abstract: The formation of tetrasporangiain Falkenbergia-phasetetrasporophytes of Asparagopsisarmata Harvey (Rhodophyta : Bonnemaisoniales)isolated from introduced populations in Ireland and Italy, and from native populations in Victoria, Australia, was examinedin temperature-controlledwater-baths at 2'C intervalsfrom 11-23 " C and aI 1- or 0.5-hdaylength intervals from 8-12 h. At a daylengthof 8 h, Irish plants formed tetrasporangia only at (15-)17(-21)'C, Italian plants at 17-21'C and Australian plants at l3-17'C. However, after an incubation period of 5 wk, only the Italian strain consistentlyshowed 100/. reproduction under these conditions. At 17'C, the critical daylengthfor tetrasporogenesisis 8-9 h for the Irish and Australian strains and 9-10 h for the Italian strain. These results indicate that all three isolates differ in their responseto environmental variables.It is likely that the Mediterranean and Irish populations thus representseparate introductions into the Northern Hemisphere and that Australia was not the source of these plants. The abundance of gametophytesof this speciesat Messina, Sicily, in April and May is explained by a reproductive "window" of daylength and temperature for tetrasporogenesisfrom mid- November to late January. In Victoria, Australia, temperaturesare inductive all year but daylength at the water surface is never < 9.5 h. However, it is considered that tidal ranges of 2-3 m cause the effective daylength in winter to fall below the inductive threshold. In northern Europe, the restricted geographical distribution of gametophytes is probably determined by tidally and/or topographically induced shorter daylengthsin late October and November, and also by higher temperaturesin the intertidal on warm days. Previously reported responsesto N and P levels in enriched seawatermedia were not confirmed and may have resulted from incubation at suboptimal temperatures.Arsenic and iodine supplementationappears to be necessaryfor reproduction only in the Irish strain. Key words: lqparagopsis armata; Control ofreproduction; Daylength and temperature effects;'Falkenbergia- phase; Introduced seaweed;Nutrient effect lNtRonucrtoN The marine red alga Asparagopsisarmeta Harvey (Bonnemaisoniaceae,Bonne- maisoniales)was endemicto the SouthernHemisphere until it was introduced into the Atlantic and the Mediterraneanin the early part of the presentcentury (Feldmann & Correspondenceaddress: M. D. Guiry, Department of Botany and Martin Ryan Marine ScienceInstitute, University College Galway, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland. 198 M.D.GUIRY AND C.J. DAWES Feldn.rann,1942). The spcciesis now u'idcly distributedin the easternnorth Atlantic from the British Islessouth to Senegal,including the Canaryand SalvageIslands, and possiblythe Azores(Price et al., 1986;South & Tittley, 1986),and is widespreadin the Mediterrancan, although gametophytesare regularlyfound only in the western basin. J. Feldmann& G. Feldmann(1939a,b,1941,1942) discovered that the separately described speciesFalkenbergia rufolanosa (Harvey) Schmitz was the tetrasporangial phase of Asparagopsisarmata by germinatingthe carposporesof the latter entity and obtaining plants that resembled the former. A similar life history for A. tariformis (Delile)Trevisan was establishedin culturefor plantsfrom Japanby Chihara(1961), who grew carpospores and obtained a Falkenbergia-phase,and for plants from Venezuelaby Rojas et al. (1982),who found that tetrasporogenesisoccurred at24oC, S:16h. Reproduction in the Falkenbergia-phaseof A. armata is reported to be rare and restrictedto autumn.The only publishedrecords for the British Islesare: Mclachlan (1967),rvho found fertile plants in Cornwall on the south coast of England in mid- October 1966; De Valcra etal. (1979)rvho collectedfertile plants at Finavarra,Co. Clare,Ircland, in October 1916,and Guiry et al. (1979)who reportedthat populations in Devon and Cornwall were forming tetrasporangiain November 1912. In northern France,J. Feldmann(195a, p. 94) remarkedthat plantsof Ihe Falkenbergia-phaseare not fertilein the irrea around Roscoff,but further south,in Portugaland Morocco, fertile plantsare found from Decemberto March (Gayral,1958, p. 288;Ardre, 1970,p. 143), and gametophytesare regularly found on the Atlantic coastsof Morocco (Gayral, 1958), Portugal(Ardr6, 1970),Spain (Seoane-Camba,1965) and France (Feldmann,1954). The perceivedlack ofreproductive tetrasporophytesin the British Isles and radically differentdistributional patternsofgametophytes and tetrasporophytesgave rise to early speculationthat both phasesreproduced independentlyby vegetativemeans (Dixon, 1964, 1965).De Valera & Folan (1964)further suggestedthat a decreasein the fertility of Irish gametophytesof l. ctrmcttamay have occurred in the period since its intro- duction, implying vegetativereproduction by the gametophytes,but concludedthat their materialwas not adequateto confirm this; they were also of the opinion that Irish ganretophl'ticplants r,verebecoming smallor and lessrobust. The Provisionalotlas o/ the nrurineulgueofBritainandlrelanrl(Norton, 1985,Mapsl6and 77),indicatesthatthe Folkenbergia-phaseof A. arntata is now widely distributed on western and southern coasts from Shetland to Cornwall, but the Asparagopsis-phasegametophytes are confined to restrictedareas of the west and south of Ireland. and in Britain are known only from the south-westcoast. In an attempt to establish the environmental parametersfor reproduction in the Falkenbergia-phaseof A. armata,Oza (1977,1989) grew a strain from Roscoff, Brittany (from the culture collection of H. A. von Stosch),under a range of temperature,day- lengthandnutrientconditions.Tetrasporangiawereobtainedonlyat15 t 0.5'C,6: i8 or 8 : 16 h, in media with low levels of nitrates or phosphates,and containing small amountsof As,O. and KI. Ltning ( 1981), using the samestrain, obtained reproduction TETRASPOROGENESIS IN ASPARAGOPSIS ARMATA 199 at 15'C, 8: t0h, in enrichedseawater media with low levelsof nitrate(<700prM NO.,), and found that a night-break was effectivein suppressingtetrasporangiai for- mation (confirming the photoperiodicnature of the response),but did not statewhether arsenicor iodinewere required for reproduction.Using the samestrain, Knappe (1985) carried out a more detailed study of the effectsof daylength at 15'C, quantifying the responseby countingspores. Casual monitoring of an intertidal population of t"heFalkenbergia-phase of A. armata in Galway Bay at 1- and 2-wk intervals from Septemberthrough December 1985 (Breeman & Guiry, unpubl. data) indicated that no sporangial production occurred during this period, even though severalwaves of reproduction took place at this time in the related,introduced speciesBonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot (Breeman & Guiry, 1989). As the temperature optimum for maximum reproduction in Bonnemaisonia hamiferais reportedto be 15"C (Oza,1971,1989;Liining, 1981;Knappe, 1985),this lack of reproduction in Asparagopsisarmata seemsto be in conflict with the published data. Severalqr.restions arc thlls apparentwith regardto the distribution and reproduction oC, of Asporagopsisarntattt in Europe:(1)If inductionoftetrasporangiais possible at 15 then why is reproduction so uncomnon in plants of the Falkenbergia-phasein the wild nearthe northern limit of distribution of A. armata?(2) Why aregametangial plants very confined in their geographicaldistribution near the northern limits of the speciesand to the Mediterranean even though the tetrasporophytesare more widely distributed? (3) Were Europeanpopulations of the speciesintroduced from Australiaand are they the result of a singleintroduction ? (4) What are the effectsof nitrate, phosphate,iodine and arseniclevels in enrichedseawater media at optimum temperatures? MRrpRr,qls AND METHoDS ORIGIN OF CULTURES Plants of the Falkenbergia-phaseof Asparagopsisarmata were isolated into unialgal culture using reproductivelysterile held-collected plants from the west coast of Ireland collectedon 6 February 1985 (Culture GALW 510, New Quay, Co Clare; 53'N, 09'13'W) and from Sicily,Italy, on 4 June 1987(Culture GALW 566,near Messina; 38"11'N, 15'33'E). Unialgal cultureswere obtained by continuouslyexcising the 2's apicesof rapidly growing plants at 16 C. 16:8tr. U-sprmol photons'm Carposporesfrom cystocarpicplants of A. armata collectedin the intertidal of Victoria, Australia,on 28 October 1987(Culture GALW 604, Sorrento;38'20'S, 144"45'W) wereinoculated into plasticdishes, grown at ll"C, 14: t0h,20-25pmol photons' m 2.s r, and a unialgal isolate of the Falkenbergia-phaseobtained. Cultures were subsequentlyrendered clonal by selectinga singlepiant of each as a stock culture, and thesewere grown at 16"C. 16 :8 h, 25 pmol photons'm-2 ' s-r with the light period digitally set to start at 0800 GMT. Plants were propagated vegetativelyby excising 2O(] M.D.GUIRY AND C.J.DAWES vegetativeapical portions of the plants, culture media and disheswere replacedevery 3-4 wk. ENRICHED SEAWATER
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Assessing the Impact of Key Marine Invasive Non-Native Species on Welsh MPA Habitat Features, Fisheries and Aquaculture
    Assessing the impact of key Marine Invasive Non-Native Species on Welsh MPA habitat features, fisheries and aquaculture. Tillin, H.M., Kessel, C., Sewell, J., Wood, C.A. Bishop, J.D.D Marine Biological Association of the UK Report No. 454 Date www.naturalresourceswales.gov.uk About Natural Resources Wales Natural Resources Wales’ purpose is to pursue sustainable management of natural resources. This means looking after air, land, water, wildlife, plants and soil to improve Wales’ well-being, and provide a better future for everyone. Evidence at Natural Resources Wales Natural Resources Wales is an evidence based organisation. We seek to ensure that our strategy, decisions, operations and advice to Welsh Government and others are underpinned by sound and quality-assured evidence. We recognise that it is critically important to have a good understanding of our changing environment. We will realise this vision by: Maintaining and developing the technical specialist skills of our staff; Securing our data and information; Having a well resourced proactive programme of evidence work; Continuing to review and add to our evidence to ensure it is fit for the challenges facing us; and Communicating our evidence in an open and transparent way. This Evidence Report series serves as a record of work carried out or commissioned by Natural Resources Wales. It also helps us to share and promote use of our evidence by others and develop future collaborations. However, the views and recommendations presented in this report are not necessarily those of
    [Show full text]
  • Bonnemaisonia Hamifera Hariot, 1891
    Bonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot, 1891 AphiaID: 144442 . Plantae (Reino) >Biliphyta (Subreino) >Rhodophyta (Filo) >Eurhodophytina (Subdivisao) >Florideophyceae (Classe) > Rhodymeniophycidae (Subclasse) > Bonnemaisoniales (Ordem) > Bonnemaisoniaceae (Familia) Sinónimos Asparagopsis hamifera (Hariot) Okamura, 1921 Trailliella intricata Batters, 1896 Referências additional source Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2019). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. , available online at http://www.algaebase.org [details] additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details] basis of record Guiry, M.D. (2001). Macroalgae of Rhodophycota, Phaeophycota, Chlorophycota, and two genera of Xanthophycota, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 20-38[details] additional source Sears, J.R. (ed.). 1998. NEAS keys to the benthic marine algae of the northeastern coast of North America from Long Island Sound to the Strait of Belle Isle. Northeast Algal Society. 163 p. [details] additional source South, G. R.;Tittley, I. (1986). A checklist and distributional index of the benthic marine algae of the North Atlantic Ocean. untsman Marine Laboratory. St. Andrews, New Brunswick. 1-76. [details] additional source Streftaris, N.; Zenetos, A.; Papathanassiou, E. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Ann. Rev. 43: 419-453. [details] additional source Zenetos, A.; Çinar, M.E.; Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M.A.; Harmelin, J.-G.; Furnari, G.; Andaloro, F.; Bellou, N.; Streftaris, N.; Zibrowius, H. (2005). Annotated list of marine alien species in 1 the Mediterranean with records of the worst invasive species.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Population Dynamics of Placida Dendritica and Codium Fragile in the Gulf of Maine and a Theoretical Discussion of Invasive Species
    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Winter 2020 ANALYSIS OF THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF PLACIDA DENDRITICA AND CODIUM FRAGILE IN THE GULF OF MAINE AND A THEORETICAL DISCUSSION OF INVASIVE SPECIES Seth Goodnight University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Goodnight, Seth, "ANALYSIS OF THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF PLACIDA DENDRITICA AND CODIUM FRAGILE IN THE GULF OF MAINE AND A THEORETICAL DISCUSSION OF INVASIVE SPECIES" (2020). Doctoral Dissertations. 2546. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/2546 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ANALYSIS OF THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF PLACIDA DENDRITICA AND CODIUM FRAGILE IN THE GULF OF MAINE AND A THEORETICAL DISCUSSION OF INVASIVE SPECIES BY SETH GOODNIGHT B.A.: Biology and Chemistry – University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 2006 M.S.: Zoology – University of New Hampshire, 2012 DISSERTATION Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Biological Sciences: Marine Biology Option December 2020 ii This thesis/dissertation was examined and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biological Sciences: Marine Biology Option by: Dissertation Director: Larry G. Harris Ph.D. Professor Emeritus, Biological Sciences. University of New Hampshire Dissertation Committee: Jessica A.
    [Show full text]
  • Trailliella Intricata (Bonnemaisoniales, Rhodophyta) En La Argentina
    ISSN 373 - 580 X Bol. Soc. Argent. Bot 26 (3-4):209-213.1990 TRAILLIELLA INTRICATA (BONNEMAISONIALES, RHODOPHYTA) EN LA ARGENTINA Por MARIA LILIANA QUARTINO' Summary TraNliella intricata (Bonnemaisoniales, Rhodophyta) in Argentina. Trailliella intricata (C. Ag.) Batt. is recorded for the first time in Argentina. This species is the tetrasporophytic phase of some Bonnemai- soniaceae (Bonnemaisonia hamifera and B. nootkana). Durante los meses de julio, setiembre y diciem- Trailliella entre los géneros de posición incierta. A bre de 1988 y abril de 1989 realicé los muéstreos de partir de 1949 se llevaron a cabo cultivos experi- invierno, primavera, verano y otoño correspon- mentales en laboratorio a fin de verificar esta supo- dientes a un trabajo relacionado con Leathesia dif- sición. formis (L.) Aresch., en Punta Este, departamento de Según McLachlan, Chen y Edelstein (1969), Biedma, provincia de Chubut. Koch (1949) obtuvo solamente gametofitos femeni¬ Al revisar el material recolectado observé la nos a partir de las tetrasporas de Trailliella, mien- presencia de Trailliella intricata (C. Ag.) Batt. Según tras que Chen, Edelstein y McLachlan (1969), sólo la bibliografía a mi alcance, Pujáis (1963, 1977), lograron obtener gametofitos masculinos. Papenfuss (1964) no se haljía registrado la existen¬ Segawa y Chihara (op. cit.) y Bichard-Breud y cia de esta especie en la Argentina. Floc'h (1966) observaron la germinación de jóvenes El objetivo de esta nota es señalar la presencia Trailliella provenientes de las carposporas de Bon¬ de T. intricata en nuestro país. ‘ nemaisonia hamifera; Chihara (op. cit.) logró igual C. Agardh (1824) ubicó esta especie dentro de la resultado utilizando las carposporas de B.
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of Marine Algae from the 1974 R /V Dobbin Cruise to the Gulf of California
    SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO BOTANY NUMBER 34 New Records of Marine Algae from the 1974 R /V Dobbin Cruise to the Gulf of California James N. Norris and Xatina E. Bucher SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS City of Washington 1976 ABSTRACT Norris, J. N., and K. E. Bucher. New Records of Marine Algae from the 1974 R/V Dolphin Cruise to the Gulf of California. Smithsonian Contributions to Botany, number 34, 22 pages, 13 figures, 1976.-Six species of benthic marine algae (one Chlorophyta, two Phaeophyta, and three Rhodophyta) are newly reported from the Gulf of California, hfexico. Species of Halicystis, Sporochnus, Bonnemaisonia, Dudresnnya, and Sebdenia represent genera new to the Gulf, with the last being new to North America. The distribu~ionof twelve other species is extended. Two new nomenclatural combinations, Dasya bailloziviana var. nudicaulus and Dasya baillouviana var, stanfordiana, are proposed. The morphological variation of some species is discussed. Spermatangia of Dudresnnya colombiana, and tetrasporangia and spermatangia of Kallymenia pertusa are re- ported and described for the first time. OFFICIALPUBLICATION DATE is handstam ed in a limited number of initial copies and is recorded in the Institution's annual report, Srnit!sonian Year. SERIESCOVER DESIGN: Leaf clearing from the katsura tree Cercidiphyllum japonicum Siebold and Zuccarini. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Norris, James N. New records of marine algae from the 1974 R/V Dolphin cruise to the Gulf of California. (Smithsonian contributions to botany ; no. 34) Bibliography: p. 1. Marine algae-California, Gulf of. 2. R/V Dolphin (Ship) I. Bucher, Katina E., joint author. 11. Title 111.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Report
    final repport Project code: B.CCH.6420 Prepared by: Dr. Nigel Tomkins Dr. Rob Kinley Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) ─ Agriculture Flagship Date published: August 2015 ISBN: 9781741919493 PUBLISHED BY Meat & Livestock Australia Limited Locked Bag 991 NORTH SYDNEY NSW 2059 ished by Development of algae based functional foods for reducing enteric methane emissions from cattle Meat & Livestock Australia acknowledges the matching funds provided by the Australian Government to support the research and development detailed in this publication. 1.1.1.1.1.1 This publication is published by Meat & Livestock Australia Limited ABN 39 081 678 364 (MLA). Care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However MLA cannot accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information or opinions contained in the publication. You should make your own enquiries before making decisions concerning your interests. Reproduction in whole or in part of this publication is prohibited without prior written consent of MLA. B.CCH.6420 Final Report - Development of Algae Based Functional Foods for Reducing Enteric Methane Emissions from Cattle Acknowledgements The project could not have been conducted in full without the valuable input and support of: (i) Lorenna Machado; (ii) Dr Matthew Vucko; (iii) Céline Villart; (iv) JCU Advanced Analytical Centre (Shane Askew); (v) JCU School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences (Assoc Prof Tony Parker) and Prof Rocky de Nys, MACRO JCU. Page 2 of 55 B.CCH.6420 Final Report - Development of Algae Based Functional Foods for Reducing Enteric Methane Emissions from Cattle Executive summary Marine and freshwater macro algae have the potential to be used as alternative protein and energy sources in ruminant diets.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Algae of Amchitka Island (Aleutian Islands)
    Marine Algae of Amchitka Island (Aleutian Islands). II. Bonnemaisoniaceae' MICHAEL J. WYNNE2 ABSTRACT: Pleuroblepbaris stichidophora gen. et sp. nov., from Amchitka Island in the Aleutian Island s, is described as new to science. This taxon is the only repre­ sentative of the Bonnemaisoniaceae (Nemaliales, Rhodophyta) collected at Am­ chitka. It is distinguished from other members of the family by the presence of macroscopic tetrasporophytes with compound tetrasporangial stichidia arising along the margins of laminate axes. These tetrasporic branchlets are homologous to in­ determinate branches. Gland cells with brownish contents are present over the sur­ face of the laminate axes and also on the stichidia. Although numerous specimens have been collected, tetrasporic plants are the only fertile stages observed so far. T HE FAMILY BONNEMAISONIACEAE (Nemali­ axibus processuum determinatorum nascuntur; ales, Rhodophyta) is represented at Amchitka filamentum primarium ramulorum tetraspori­ Island in the Aleutian Archipelago by a single corum uniseriatum, e cellulis trapezoideis quae species of an undescribed genus. The first paper duos ordines stichidiorum alternantium efficiunt in this series (Wynne, 1970 ) has furn ished compositum. Tetrasporangia cruciate divisa 50­ the histor ical background of phycological ac­ 55 fA. diam ., 2 (interdum 3) ad omnen altitudi­ tivity in the Aleutians and environs, and has nem stichidii nisi segmentis infimis superioribus­ also reported on the location of Amchitka Is­ que reperta. Glandicellulae nencon in stichidio land and of the various collection sites men­ repertae. tioned in the present account. Thalli consisting of branched, flattened, rib­ Pleuroblepharis stichidophora gen. et sp. nov. bon-like axes, 5 to 10 (to 15 ) em long, to 4 mm broad ; growth by means of a single apical Figs.
    [Show full text]
  • Bonnemaisonia Hamifera*
    HELGOLANDER MEERESUNTERSUCHUNGEN Helgol~nder Meeresunters. 42, 535-551 (1988) Life history regulation and phenology of the red alga Bonnemaisonia hamifera* A. M. Breeman 1, E. J. S. Meulenhoff I & M. D. Guiry 2 1 Department of Marine Biology, Biological Centre, University of Groningen; p.o. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren (Gn), Netherlands 2 Department of Botany, University College Galway, The National University of Ireland; Galway, Ireland ABSTRACT: Bormemaisonia hamifera Harlot (Rhodophyceae, Bonnemaisoniales ) from Galway Bay, Ireland has been studied in the field and in laboratory culture. The reproductive behaviour of tetrasporophytes and gametophytes i n the field appeared to be strictly regulated by their tempera- ture/daylength responses as observed in culture. Tetrasporangia were abundant in early autumn when short days (< 12 h of light per day) coincided with seawater temperatures over about 11 ~ the lower limit for sporangium formation. Spermatangia were observed in very young gametophytes between mid-December and February, and in adult plants from late March until the end of May. They were absent in mid-winter when low temperatures of about 2 ~ inhibited their formation. Carpogonia were first observed at the end of April as seawater temperatures had by then risen to the required value of around 10 ~ Carpogonia were fertilised and plants with mature cystocarps were present until early July. The onset of reproduction was accompa~ied by a cessation of growth and led to senescence within 2-3 months, Thus, gametophytes were absent in summer in spite of persistently favourable seawater temperatures. In various parts of the North Atlantic Ocean, annual temperature regimes are such as to cause a certain lack of synchronisation in the occurrence of reproductive male and female plants.
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Seaweed Industry Blueprint
    Australian Seaweed Industry Blueprint A Blueprint for Growth by Jo Kelly Australian Seaweed Institute August 2020 ii © 2020 AgriFutures Australia All rights reserved. ISBN 978-1-76053-112-6 ISSN 1440-6845 Australian Seaweed Industry Blueprint – A Blueprint for Growth Publication No. 20-072 Project No. PRJ-012324 The information contained in this publication is intended for general use to assist public knowledge and discussion and to help improve the development of sustainable regions. You must not rely on any information contained in this publication without taking specialist advice relevant to your particular circumstances. While reasonable care has been taken in preparing this publication to ensure that information is true and correct, the Commonwealth of Australia gives no assurance as to the accuracy of any information in this publication. The Commonwealth of Australia, AgriFutures Australia, the authors or contributors expressly disclaim, to the maximum extent permitted by law, all responsibility and liability to any person, arising directly or indirectly from any act or omission, or for any consequences of any such act or omission, made in reliance on the contents of this publication, whether or not caused by any negligence on the part of the Commonwealth of Australia, AgriFutures Australia, the authors or contributors. The Commonwealth of Australia does not necessarily endorse the views in this publication. This publication is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. However, wide dissemination is encouraged. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to AgriFutures Australia Communications Team on 02 6923 6900.
    [Show full text]
  • Optimum Conditions for Cultivation of the Trailliella Phase Of
    Botanica Marina 48 (2005): 257–265 ᮊ 2005 by Walter de Gruyter • Berlin • New York. DOI 10.1515/BOT.2005.035 Optimum conditions for cultivation of the Trailliella phase of Bonnemaisonia hamifera Hariot (Bonnemaisoniales, Rhodophyta), a candidate species for secondary metabolite production Ro´ isı´n Nash, Fabio Rindi* and Michael D. Guiry involves an alteration of generations between morpho- logically different gametophyte and sporophyte phases. Martin Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, The gametophyte is a large, coarsely branched seaweed, Galway, Ireland, e-mail: [email protected] up to 20–30 cm tall (Dixon and Irvine 1977, Breeman *Corresponding author et al. 1988). The sporophytic phase consists of delicate uniseriate filaments, 2–3 cm tall (Dixon and Irvine 1977, Hardy and Guiry 2003). Due to its radically different mor- phology, the sporophyte was originally described as a Abstract separate species, Trailliella intricata Batters (Batters 1896). In general, apart from regulation of life history and Red algae of the order Bonnemaisoniales produce sec- geographical distribution (Suneson 1939, Lu¨ ning 1979, ondary metabolites that may be used as preservatives Knappe 1985, Breeman et al. 1988, Breeman and Guiry for industrial applications. Whereas species of Aspara- 1989), the information available on the biology of the gopsis are cultured on a large scale for this purpose, no Trailliella phase is limited. similar applications have been attempted for Bonnemai- The Bonnemaisoniales have long been known to pro- sonia species, despite evidence suggesting a similar duce a large set of secondary metabolites, in particular potential for production of valuable natural products. halogenated compounds (McConnell and Fenical 1977, Optimal conditions for growth of the Trailliella phase of Combaut et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Parallel Evolution of Highly Conserved Plastid Genome Architecture in Red Seaweeds and Seed Plants
    Lee et al. BMC Biology (2016) 14:75 DOI 10.1186/s12915-016-0299-5 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Parallel evolution of highly conserved plastid genome architecture in red seaweeds and seed plants JunMo Lee1, Chung Hyun Cho1, Seung In Park1, Ji Won Choi1, Hyun Suk Song1, John A. West2, Debashish Bhattacharya3† and Hwan Su Yoon1*† Abstract Background: The red algae (Rhodophyta) diverged from the green algae and plants (Viridiplantae) over one billion years ago within the kingdom Archaeplastida. These photosynthetic lineages provide an ideal model to study plastid genome reduction in deep time. To this end, we assembled a large dataset of the plastid genomes that were available, including 48 from the red algae (17 complete and three partial genomes produced for this analysis) to elucidate the evolutionary history of these organelles. Results: We found extreme conservation of plastid genome architecture in the major lineages of the multicellular Florideophyceae red algae. Only three minor structural types were detected in this group, which are explained by recombination events of the duplicated rDNA operons. A similar high level of structural conservation (although with different gene content) was found in seed plants. Three major plastid genome architectures were identified in representatives of 46 orders of angiosperms and three orders of gymnosperms. Conclusions: Our results provide a comprehensive account of plastid gene loss and rearrangement events involving genome architecture within Archaeplastida and lead to one over-arching conclusion: from an ancestral pool of highly rearranged plastid genomes in red and green algae, the aquatic (Florideophyceae) and terrestrial (seed plants) multicellular lineages display high conservation in plastid genome architecture.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Species Distributions: from Data to Predictive Models
    Marine Species Distributions: From data to predictive models Samuel Bosch Promoter: Prof. Dr. Olivier De Clerck Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor (PhD) in Science – Biology Academic year 2016-2017 Members of the examination committee Prof. Dr. Olivier De Clerck - Ghent University (Promoter)* Prof. Dr. Tom Moens – Ghent University (Chairman) Prof. Dr. Elie Verleyen – Ghent University (Secretary) Prof. Dr. Frederik Leliaert – Botanic Garden Meise / Ghent University Dr. Tom Webb – University of Sheffield Dr. Lennert Tyberghein - Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee * non-voting members Financial support This thesis was funded by the ERANET INVASIVES project (EU FP7 SEAS-ERA/INVASIVES SD/ER/010) and by VLIZ as part of the Flemish contribution to the LifeWatch ESFRI. Table of contents Chapter 1 General Introduction 7 Chapter 2 Fishing for data and sorting the catch: assessing the 25 data quality, completeness and fitness for use of data in marine biogeographic databases Chapter 3 sdmpredictors: an R package for species distribution 49 modelling predictor datasets Chapter 4 In search of relevant predictors for marine species 61 distribution modelling using the MarineSPEED benchmark dataset Chapter 5 Spatio-temporal patterns of introduced seaweeds in 97 European waters, a critical review Chapter 6 A risk assessment of aquarium trade introductions of 119 seaweed in European waters Chapter 7 Modelling the past, present and future distribution of 147 invasive seaweeds in Europe Chapter 8 General discussion 179 References 193 Summary 225 Samenvatting 229 Acknowledgements 233 Chapter 1 General Introduction 8 | C h a p t e r 1 Species distribution modelling Throughout most of human history knowledge of species diversity and their respective distributions was an essential skill for survival and civilization.
    [Show full text]