Logistics Capacity Assessment

Fiji Islands

Country Name Fiji Islands

Republic of Fiji

Official Name Matanitu ko Viti (Fijian) Fijī Ganarājya - फजी गणरा煍य - (Fiji Hindi)

Assessment Assessment Dates: From 10 February 2012 To 31st March 2012 Name of Assessor Daniel Adriaens Title & Position Logistics Officer Email Contact [email protected]

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Table of Contents

1. Country Profile ...... 3 1.2. Introduction & Background ...... 8 1.3. Humanitarian Background ...... 19 1.4. National Regulatory Departments ...... 62 1.5. Customs Information ...... 64 2. Logistics Infrastructure ...... 75 2.1. Port Assessment ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.2. Port of Lautoka ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.3. Airport Assessment ...... 116 2.4. Road Assessment ...... 165 2.5. Railway Assessment ...... 174 2.6. Waterways Assessment ...... 175 2.7. Storage Assessment ...... 178 2.8. Milling Assessment ...... 182 3. Logistics Services ...... 185 3.1. Fuel ...... 185 3.2. Transporters ...... 191 3.3. Vehicle Rental ...... 192 3.4. Taxi Companies ...... 193 3.5. Freight Forwarding Agents ...... 194 3.6. Handling Equipment ...... 195 3.7. Electricity & Power ...... 197 3.8. Manual Labour Costs...... 200 3.9. Telecommunications ...... 201 3.10. Local Supplies Market ...... 208 3.11. Accommodation ...... 213 4. Scenarios & Contingencies ...... 214 4.1. Refugees and IDPs ...... 214 4.2. Food Security ...... 214 4.3. Natural Disaster ...... 214 4.4. Other (please specify) ...... 215 5. Annexes ...... 216 5.1. Annex 1: List of Contacts ...... 216 5.2. Annex 2: Relevant Websites applicable to this LCA ...... 216 5.3. Annex 3: Maps ...... 216 5.4. Annex 4: Miscellaneous ...... 216 5.5. Annex : Detailed research findings and other relevant legislation ...... 216

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1. Country Profile

The Republic of the Fiji Islands is a Pacific Island Country (PIC) with a population of close to a million people; and is located about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand. The country is composed of 332 islands, many of which are large and have high elevation. Most of the population, however, lives near the coasts, making sea-level rise an important risk. In addition, the Fijian economy is heavily dependent on the sugar and tourism industries, both of which are susceptible to climate change. Adaptation planning is underway in Fiji, but few projects have reached the implementation phase.

Fiji has one of the largest economies in the region, is one of PICs least dependent on foreign aid, and generating income through tourism, sugar and exports of natural resources. Fiji is a multiethnic, multi- faith society, influenced by Pacific, Indian, European and Asian traditions. Due to unrest in 1987, 2000 and 2006, the political situation in Fiji remains turbulent. Fiji faces the challenges of unplanned urban settlement, limited health awareness in remote areas, declining access to clean water and rising poverty.

1.1.1. The geography

The Republic of the Fiji Islands, which includes the island of Rotuma, lies wholly within the southern tropics. The area included within Fiji's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is 1,163,272 square kilometres with only 18,274 square kilometres of land. It is made up of over 300 islands. Only 16% of this landmass is suitable for agriculture and is found mainly along the coastal plains, river deltas, and valleys.

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Fiji's islands are volcanic formations, making the terrain primarily mountainous. The highest point on the main island reaches 1,324 m (4,344 ft). All of the islands together have 1,129 km (702 miles) of coastline. Over 90% of the population (850,000 people) live near the coast and in the two main islands of Viti Levu (10,429 sq. km) and Vanua Levu (5,556 sq. km) which have mountainous interiors. At the last census (2007) around 49% of the population still lived in rural areas but there is significant rural-urban movement.

The combination of the prevailing south-easterly trade winds and these mountain ranges result in a distinct dry western side climate suited for sugar cane cultivation and a distinctive wet and humid eastern climate experienced in Suva, the capital city. Other main islands are Taveuni (470 sq. km), Kadavu (411 sq. km), Gau (140 sq. km) and Koro (104 sq. km). The second city in Fiji is Lautoka.

Source: CIA - The World Factbook, IFRC

1.1.2. Foreign Relations

Fiji’s central location within the South Pacific naturally makes it the location for many regional offices of international development partners, NGOs and FBOs. Regional agencies such as the Pacific Forum and the University of the South Pacific are also located in the country. In terms of telecommunications and airlines and shipping links Fiji is relatively well served compared to other Pacific countries. It is now the most popular tourist destination in the Pacific, outside Hawaii.

Source: UNFPA

Fiji has traditionally had close relations with its major trading partners Australia and New Zealand, even if the recent political situation had an impact on the relations between those 3 countries. Currently, a number of countries including Australia, New Zealand, and the United States have placed targeted sanctions on the interim government. Fiji has pursued closer relations with a number of Asian countries, including the People's Republic of China, Indonesia, and India.

Fiji became the 127th member of the United Nations on October 13, 1970, and participates actively in the organization. Fiji's contributions to UN peacekeeping are unique for a nation of its size. It maintains about 600 soldiers and police overseas in UN peacekeeping missions, primarily in Iraq, MFO Sinai in the Middle East, Sudan, and Liberia. Fiji also has a number of private citizens working in Iraq and Kuwait, mostly in security services, and over 1,500 citizens serving in the British Army.

Source: CIA World Fact book

1.1.3. The Population

Fiji's 2009 estimated population is 890,057.

Of the total population, 44% are Indo-Fijians and 51% are indigenous Fijians with the balance being Europeans, Chinese, Rotumans and other Pacific Islanders.

Most of Fiji's population lives on Viti Levu's coasts, either in Suva or in smaller urban centers. The interior of Viti Levu is sparsely populated due to its rough terrain.

Indigenous Fijians come from Polynesian and Melanesian areas. The Indo-Fijian population grew rapidly from the 60,000 indentured labourers brought from India between 1879 and 1916 to work in the sugarcane fields. Thousands more Indians migrated voluntarily in the 1920s and 1930s and formed the core of Fiji's business class. Native Fijians live throughout the country, while Indo-Fijians reside primarily near the urban centers and in the cane-producing areas of the two main islands. Nearly all of indigenous Fijians are Christian; more than three-quarters are Methodist. Approximately 80% of Indo-Fijians are Hindu, 15% are Muslim, and around 6% are Christian.

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Some Indo-Fijians have been displaced by the expiration of land leases in cane-producing areas and have moved into urban centers in pursuit of jobs. Similarly, a number of indigenous Fijians have moved into urban areas, especially Suva, in search of a better life. Meanwhile, the Indo-Fijian population has declined due to emigration and a declining birth rate. Indo-Fijians were the largest ethnic group from the 1940s until the late 1980s. Indo-Fijians continue to dominate the professions and commerce, while ethnic Fijians dominate government and the military.

Source: USAID

1.1.4. A disaster prone country

Fiji is second only to Papua New Guinea as the Pacific island country having been most affected by natural disasters since 1990 (ADB 2005). The social and economic implications of climatological and hydrological risks are considerable across all primary production sectors, especially agriculture. Floods and droughts can disrupt agricultural production for domestic and export activities and landslips can cut roads and disrupt communications and access. Cyclonic events are a threat to settlements, infrastructure, tourist facilities and the population that is located on the coastal fringe of the high islands and on the low islands.

The current key hazards and risks of most concern to Fiji are products of cyclonic and geological- forcing activity. Fiji is in the tropical cyclone belt and one cyclone on average passes through Fijian waters each year. Cyclones cause loss of lives and property, coastal and riverine flooding, as well as damages to agricultural and tree crops from high winds. They have severe consequences for the nation’s economy. Reaping damages to the country at a cost of FJ$100 million, Cyclone Ami exemplified how poor building standards can result in large infrastructure losses and aggravate the human catastrophe (ADB 2005).

Other hazards of a priority nature include landslides on unstable slopes resulting from geological and soil conditions and excessive clearing of vegetation; and storm waves and swells, and rising sea level contributing to coastal erosion.

Fiji’s location on the Pacific “ring of fire” puts it at risk from geological hazards, in particular earthquakes and locally generated tsunamis. The last major destructive earthquake and tsunami was registered in 1953. The threat from volcanic eruptions is rather low with their primary effects on the maritime sector limited to the impact of large pumice rafts from sub-marine eruptions to the east of Fiji.

Drought, which affects coastal and upland areas, is another outcome of a climatic condition. Since 1978, several droughts have had a major impact on the economic productivity and subsistence livelihoods across the country. The threats can become significantly higher due to a longer-range climate change.

The Fiji Islands are characterized by physical, demographic and socio-economic conditions and pressures that exacerbate vulnerability and the risks posed by natural and human-induced hazards. The characteristics of Fiji include the following:

. Geographic extent of an island nation that covers a large area of ocean that makes communications and disaster response difficult; . Topographic variability with low-lying coastal areas and atolls that are susceptible to overtopping by storm surge and the considerable areas of steep hills and mountains that are over-cleared, geologically unstable, and susceptible to landslips; . Fresh-water resources that are highly vulnerable to over-use, contamination, and droughts; . High-density population pockets in coastal areas of Viti Levu (for example of Suva), as well as the coral coast and low islands that have been developed for tourist resorts; . Socio-economic disparity with a considerable part of the rural and low island populations at subsistence levels; . Primary industry-based economy vulnerable to droughts, floods, and global market influences.

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1.1.4.1. Key Hazards to be addressed by the Republic of Fiji

. Key natural hazard o Flooding and droughts o High cyclonic /storm winds o Storm surge and coastal inundation o Landslides o Earthquakes o Seabed volcanism o Tsunami

. Key human-induced hazard o Fire (dwellings and wild-fire in forest) o Oil and chemical spills o Contamination of water supplies o Disease outbreaks o Slope instability due to over-clearing o Contaminated storm run-off o Coastal siltation

Source: World Bank

1.1.5. Economic Overview

Fiji is one of the more developed of the Pacific island economies, and ranks as a lower middle income developing country, although it remains a developing country with a large subsistence agriculture sector. In 2010, Fiji's economy grew by 0.1%. For 2011, the government forecasts a 2.7% growth rate. The government’s year-end 2011 inflation forecast is 7.0%.

Its economic performance relies on the sugar industry and tourism.

For many years, sugar and textile exports drove Fiji's economy (Raw sugar production accounts for about 10% of GDP, employs about one fifth of the total labour force and creates significant multiplier effects). However, neither industry is competing effectively in globalized markets. Fiji's sugar industry suffers from the phasing out of a preferential price agreement with the European Union that led to sugar price reductions of 36%. The European Union promised a large amount of financial aid to assist the ailing sugar industry, but, post-coup, has clarified that the aid will only be forthcoming if Fiji improves its human rights situation and moves quickly toward democracy. In 2010, the Fiji Government began implementing industry reforms, but cane and sugar production levels continue to decline.

Tourism is the fastest growing industry in the country (tourist arrivals grew by 16.3% in 2010) and has become Fiji’s most important industry and, prior to the December 2006 military coup, was the country’s largest foreign exchange earner, providing employment – directly or indirectly – to some 40,000 Fijians (15% of the labour force). Over the past 10 years, export-oriented manufacturing of garments, wood products and tuna canning has become a significant activity, accounting for 16% of GDP (2000) and 25% of total jobs. Main exports are sugar, garments and footwear, gold and fish products, which benefit significantly from trade preferences on export markets.

Political events have seriously hindered what has been a very promising economic development dynamic, leading to important losses in GDP growth, employment, investment and exports, as well as negative impacts on international development co-operation.

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Although tourism revenues yield a services surplus, Fiji runs a persistently large trade and current account deficit. The trade deficit in 2010 was expected to decrease by 15% to $738.9 million (F$1.3 billion) compared with 2009. Australia accounts for between 25% and 35% of Fiji's foods trade, with New Zealand, Singapore, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan varying year-by-year between 5% and 20% each. Since the 1960s, Fiji has had a high rate of emigration, particularly of Indo-Fijians in search of better economic opportunities. This has been particularly true of persons with education and skills. The economic and political uncertainties following the coups have added to the outward flow by persons of all ethnic groups. Indigenous Fijians also have begun to emigrate in large numbers, often to seek employment as home health care workers. Remittances from overseas workers, which grew 14% from January to May in 2010 compared with the same period in 2009, are second only to tourism as a source of foreign exchange earnings.

Source: European Union & World Fact book

Except tourism and sugar production, other economic activities encompass agriculture, fisheries, forestry, garment manufacturing, and mining. Exports include sugar, clothing, gold, coconut products, tropical fruits, root crops, vegetables, tobacco, fish, and timber products.

The nation’s biodiversity resources, upon which many economic activities are dependent, represent over 40 % of the country’s GDP (ADB 2005). All of these economic sectors are at risk to adverse impacts from climatic variability and climate change.

Source: World Bank and ADB

1.1.6. The Challenges

Sea-level rise is a significant risk to Fiji. Over 90% of the population and all urban areas are located near the coast, thus exacerbating the impact of land inundation and coastal erosion. The tourism- based economy requires large portions of the population to remain on the coast, which will complicate efforts to migrate inland.

Climate change increases Fiji's risk from natural disasters. Higher sea surface temperatures could lead to stronger tropical cyclones, increasing the threat of wind damage, flooding, and landslides. However, changes in sea surface temperatures could also alter the typical path of cyclones away from Fiji, which would increase the risk of drought. Rising sea levels combined with more intense storms would magnify the risk of storm surges to coastal populations and urban areas. In addition, sea-level rise pushes the threat of tsunamis further inland.

Increasing sea surface temperatures will also lead to an increased risk of bleaching of Fiji's extensive coral reefs. Aside from the negative impact bleaching would have on the tourism industry, this would also reduce shoreline stability, damage the coastal fisheries, and impact coastal biological diversity.

It is uncertain how climate change will affect food and water security due to uncertainty in changes to rainfall patterns. Greater likelihood of drought, however, does increase the risk water and food shortages. Beyond these, health risks include greater likelihood of dengue fever epidemics and diarrheal disease.

Climate change will likely hamper sugarcane production and tourism, the two main drivers of the Fijian economy. Studies suggest that likely changes in the hydrological cycle (more intense storms separated by longer droughts) will produce higher year-to-year variability in sugarcane yields, with a net decrease in production of 25%. This would result in significant unemployment and even deeper impoverishment for many of the 230,000 smallholder farmers in Fiji. In addition, tourism will likely suffer due to coastal erosion and coral bleaching.

1.1.6.1. Mitigation and adaptation strategies

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By 2050, the country could experience damages of US$ 23 to 52 million per year, which is equivalent to 2-3% of Fiji’s 1998 GDP.

Fiji has few mitigation options because its emissions levels are very low to begin with. In 2005, per capita emissions of carbon dioxide (data for other GHGs are unavailable) were 2.0 metric tons, 47% the global average and 10% the U.S. average. This is in part due to Fiji producing 80% of its electricity needs through hydropower, with substantial additional generating capacity available.

Fijian government has proposed several projects aimed towards climate change adaptation, though it is unclear what the current status of these projects is. These include a national vulnerability assessment study, a watershed management project for drought-prone sugarcane growth regions, and the Integrated Coastal Zone Management Programme, aimed at assessing and protecting both infrastructure and ecosystems near the coast.

1.2. Introduction & Background

1.1.1. Basic Facts Basic Facts Source / Year: Capital Suva - 18°10′S 178°27′E . English Fiji Constitution Language . Bau Fijian

. Fiji Hindi

- Fijian 57.3% (Melanesian / Polynesian) - Indian 37.6%, - Rotumans 1.2% - Other 3.9% (European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese)

POPULATION 2007 Population Census Total Fiji: 837,271 Fijians: 475,739 Indians: 313,798 FIJI NATIONAL Ethnic Groups CENSUS OF Others: 47,734 POPULATION 2007 Rural Sector: 412,425 Fijians 264,235 Indians 135,918 Others 12,272 Urban Sector: 424,846 Fijians 211,504 Indians 177,880 Others 35,462

Religious Census 2007

Christian 539,553 FIJI NATIONAL Religions - Anglican - 6,319 CENSUS OF - Assembly of God - 47,791 POPULATION 2007 - Catholic - 76,465 - Methodist - 289,990 - Seventh Day - 32,316

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Adventist - Other Christian - 86,672 Hindu 233,414 Sikh 2,540 Other Religion 52,505 No Religion 7,078

Area Fiji's Exclusive Economic Zone 1,163,272 km2 (EEZ) Country Size FIJI Government 18,274 km2 (155th) (comparison) Total Portal 7,056 sq mi Water (riverine) negligible %age

Population density 45.7 FIJI NATIONAL Population Density [per sq km] CENSUS OF (map) Fijians 26.2 POPULATION 2007 Indians 17.0

As Pacific Islands country: - No land border - West: Vanuatu - South-West: New-Caledonia (France) My personal world Border countries - South: New-Zealand map - East: Tonga - North-East: Samoa - North: Kiribati & Tuvalu

Fiji’s Balance of Trade: 2008 – 2009

Year Imports Domestic Re- Total Balance Exports exports Exports on Trade

2008 3,601.4 982.8 488.2 1,471.0 -2,130.4

2009 2,808.0 894.8 335.5 1,230.3 -1,577.7

Fiji Balance of Trade Bureau of Statistics

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Fiji's main exports are sugar, garments, gold, timber, fish, molasses, mineral water and coconut oil. Other domestic exports that have increased for the past five years are ginger, flour, taro and sweet biscuits. The main export destinations are USA, UK, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and other Pacific island countries. The main import items are manufactured goods, machinery, petroleum products, food and chemicals from Indonesia, Singapore, Australia, NZ and China.

On merchandise trade, Fiji’s total exports in 2009, was $1, 230 million out of which $895 million were from domestic exports. Compared to the corresponding months of 2008, total exports fell by 19.6 percent due to lower receipts from re-exports of mineral fuels and low earnings from sugar, mineral water, woodchips, garments, uncooked pasta, flour, and taro. However,

in 2010, exports were projected to grow by 8.9 percent driven by

high earnings anticipated from re-exports, gold and fish. The rebound is also consistent with the recovery of external demand as global economy recovers. Fiji Bureau of Statistics

Since 2000, the export of still mineral water has expanded

rapidly, with the United States a major export market. By the end

of 2008, water exports totaled around US$97 million per year, an UN Comtrade Data increase of 225 percent from 2004. Other important export crops (via International include coconuts and ginger, although production levels of both Trade Centre); The are declining. Fiji has extensive mahogany timber reserves, World Bank, World which are only now being exploited. Fishing is an important Development Exports export and local food source. Gold is also an important, albeit Indicators (http://data.worldbank. troubled, export industry for Fiji. org).

Top 5 Export Destination 2009 (F$ million) US Commercial Service, Country 1. Australia 195.5 Commercial Guide: 2. United Kingdom 186.7 Fiji (www.buyusainfo.net); 3. United States 134.7 4. New Zealand 81.9 Pacific Economic Bulletin, Foreign 5. Japan 63.2 Direct Investment in Fiji, Azmat Gani, (http://peb.anu.edu.au Category 2009 (F$m) /pdf/PEB14- Total 894.8 1gani.pdf). Food 456.0 Beverages and Tobacco 87.0 Crude Materials 50.0 Mineral Fuels - Animal and Vegetable Oil 7.3 Chemicals 27.0 Manufactured Goods 51.0 Machinery & Transport Equ. 21.5 Miscellaneous Articles 99.8 Other commodities 95.4

Fiji's Major Domestic Products Exports 2007 – 2009 (F$ million)

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Domestic Exports 2007 2008 2009 Sugar 185 248 187 Fish 101 134 157 Garments 97 100 84 Mineral Water 105 109 80 Gold 3 27 40 Sweet Biscuits 20 26 34 Molasses 10 14 21 Taro 24 22 20 Flour 13 19 18 Woodchips 27 28 11 Ginger 5 5 6

In 2011:  Mineral products +/- 20 %, of which diesel contributed 10 %, aviation turbine fuel 5 % and light oils & preparation 3 %  Machinery, mechanical & electrical appliances & parts thereof contributed 15 %.  Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, spirits & tobacco contributed 9 %, of which sugar contributed 5 %, canned fish 0.5 % and cigarettes 0.5 %  Vegetable products contributed 9 %, wheat 4.0 %, semi-milled or wholly milled rice 1 %  Live animals: animal products contributed 9 %, of which fresh fish contributed 4 % and milk and cream 2 % Fiji Bureau of Imports  Vehicles, aircraft, vessels & associated transport Statistics equipment contributed 7.5 %, of which parts of airplanes and helicopters contributed 1.5 % and fishing vessels 1.5 %  Chemicals & allied products contributed 6 %.  Plastic rubber & articles therefore contributed 6 %

Top 5 Import Markets - 2009 (F$ million)

1. Singapore 775.6 2. Australia 619.9 3. New Zealand 445.0 4. China 155.0

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5. USA 126.4

Category 2009 (F$m) Total 2,807.9 Food 521.5 Beverages and Tobacco 22.5 Crude Materials 25.0 Mineral Fuels 720.4 Animal and Vegetable Oil 29.1 Chemicals 225.4 Manufactured Goods 404.3 Machinery & Transport Equ. 604.9 Miscellaneous Articles 240.6 Other commodities 14.2

Fiji’s Imports Main Products (F$m) 1. Mineral products $54.6 2. Machinery & Transport Equipment $34.6 3. Vehicles & aircraft parts & equipments $13.2 4. Medical & Surgical goods $13.0 5. Chemicals & Allied Products $11.6

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Agricultural Production

Ran Production Productio k Commodity (US $1000) n (MT) 1 Sugar cane 68,596 2,089,000 2 Indigenous Cattle Meat 22,579 0 3 Cow milk, whole, fresh 18,412 59,000 4 Coconuts 16,586 150,000 Agricultural products 5 Indigenous Chicken Meat 16,583 0 6 Taro (cocoyam) 14,817 69,863 7 Indigenous Pigmeat 6,122 0 8 Cassava 3,980 42,332 Fiji Bureau of 9 Fruit Fresh Nes 3,337 9,562 Statistics

10 Rice, paddy 3,141 11,637 Ministry of Primary 11 Hen eggs, in shell 2,879 3,471 Industries

12 Indigenous Goat Meat 2,171 0 Department of Agriculture 13 Ginger 2,059 3,041 14 Vegetables fresh 1,575 8,360 15 Tomatoes 1,220 3,300 16 Pineapples 1,028 3,606 17 Honey, natural 991 395 18 Bananas 960 3,409 19 Eggplants (aubergines) 779 3,642 20 Papayas 694 2,446

Livestock Production - 2009 Production) Beef (Tonnes) 1,719 Milk ( million litres)RCDC 11.07

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Sheep (tonnes) 44.9 Poultry (tonnes) 11,866 Egg (000 dozen) 5,001.4 Pig (tonnes) 1,128

1.1.2. Country in Figures Fiji is administratively divided into 4 divisions, which are further subdivided into 14 provinces; the self- governing island of Rotuma and its dependencies lie outside the four divisions. Each division is headed by a Commissioner, appointed by the Fijian government. The divisions are agglomerations of provinces and have few administrative functions of their own, but serve to foster cooperation among the member provinces for providing services (including during Emergency Responses). Each province has a provincial council which may make bylaws and impose rates (local taxes), subject to the approval of the Fijian Affairs Board, a governmental department.

The provinces have direct input into national affairs through the Great Council of Chiefs and the Senate. The Great Council of Chiefs is a body which advises the government on indigenous affairs and elects the President and Vice-President. This body was recently abolished by the Interim Government.

Additionally, the island of Rotuma, north of the main archipelago, is self-governing according to the Rotuma Act promulgated in 1927. The Fiji government includes it in the Eastern Division for statistical purposes (such as the census), but it has its own council which is empowered to legislate on most local matters.

Below the provincial level, districts and villages, have their own chiefs and councils. Indigenous Fijian administration is based on the koro, or village. Several koros combine to form a Tikina, two or more of which comprise a province. In addition, municipal governments have been established for the cities of Suva and Lautoka, and for ten towns (list below).

Provincial administrations, and its sub divisions, cater for ethnic Fijians, town and city councils cater for urban residents of all races. Local authorities have also been established for rural areas, with advisory powers and these provide a voice to people of all races outside the provincial structure. The Ministry of Regional Development ensures that Fiji's rural areas are provided with the access to opportunities and basic amenities that are enjoyed by the urban areas. This is done through its district administrations which are involved in community capacity building, coordinating the development projects like upgrading of rural roads, upgrading of cane access roads, development or roads for access to cash crops and other capital programs in their respective districts. They also attend to some statutory functions such as registration of births, deaths and marriages, liquor licences and acting as Third Class Magistrates.

Fiji is divided into 17 districts, each with a district officer and five sub-districts with assistant district officers. The districts are generally based around towns and cities, but some follow provincial or tikina boundaries. The districts are: Ra, Tavua, Ba, Nadi, Nadarivatu, Keiyasi, Nausori, Navua, Vunidawa, Suva, Korovou, Macuata, Savusavu, Bua, Taveuni, Seqaqa, Saqani, Tukavesi, Kadavu, Rotuma, Lomaiviti, Lautoka.

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Map of the divisions of Fiji.

Division Area Population Province (Capital) (km²) (2007) Naitasiri 1666 160,760 Namosi 570 6,898 Central Rewa 272 100,787 (Suva) Serua 830 18,249 Tailevu 755 55,692 Bua 1379 14,176 Northern Cakaudrove 2816 49,344 (Labasa) Macuata 2004 72,441 Kadavu 478 10,167 Eastern Lau 487 10,683 (Levuka) Lomaiviti 411 16,461 Ba 2634 231,760 Western Nadroga-Navosa 2385 58,387 (Lautoka) Ra 1341 29,464

City Date of Population Area (km²) or Town incorporation (1996) Ba 1939 327 14,596 Labasa 1939 360 27,949 (2007) Lami 1977 680 20,529 (2007) Lautoka 1929 1607 52,220 (2007) (city) Levuka 1877 67 3,745 Nadi 1946 577 42,284 (2007) Nasinu 1999 4500 87,446 (2007) Nausori 1931 167 47,604 (2007) Savusavu 1969 800 4,962 Sigatoka 1959 127 7,940

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Suva (city) 1881 2048 85,691 (2007) Tavua 1992 100 2,418

Source: Government of Fiji, Wikipedia,

General Information Source / Year:

Area Fiji's Exclusive Economic Zone 1,163,272 km2 Country Size (km²) (EEZ) Fiji Government Portal 18,274 km2 (155th) Total 7,056 sq mi Water (%) negligible

Official Census 2007 FIJI NATIONAL CENSUS OF POPULATION 2007 POPULATION 2007 Population Census

Total Fiji: 837,271 Fijians: 475,739

Indians: 313,798

Others: 47,734 Rural Sector: 412,425

Fijians 264,235 Population Indians 135,918

Others 12,272 Urban Sector: 424,846

Fijians 211,504

Indians 177,880 Others 35,462

Estimation for 2012 - 890,057 CIA World Factbook - country comparison to the world: 161

- 0.766% (2012 est.) Population Growth Rate (%) - country comparison to the world: CIA World Factbook 137 Estimation from CIA World Factbook CIA World Factbook

- $4,600 (2011 est.)

- country comparison to the world: GDP per capita (US$) 153

- $4,600 (2010 est.)

- $4,600 (2009 est.) note: data are in 2011 US dollars

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Figures from GoFI Fiji Bureau of Statistics

2008 2009 2010[p]

GDP (per capita) 3,339.47 3,291.05 3,526.38 current

Figures from World Bank World Bank

- GNI per capita: US $3,580 (World Bank, 2010)

Percentage of Population in Poverty

2002-2003 2008-2009 % Change

Fiji 35% 31% -10% Urban 28% 19% -34% Rural 40% 43% 8% iTaukei 35% 31% -10% Indo-Fijians 36% 32% -11% Others 24% 25% 4% Fiji Bureau of Statistics Population under poverty line (%)

Percentage of Households in Poverty

2002-2003 2008-2009 % Change

Fiji 30% 26% -12% Urban 24% 15% -36% Rural 35% 37% 7%

- 0,037%

- Fiji is classified as a low HIV prevalence country. Cumulatively, 333 confirmed HIV cases have been reported in Fiji between 1 January 1989 and 31 December 2009 by the Fiji Centre for Communicable Diseases Ministry of Health Control, a large proportion of them between (2010), Fiji Centre for HIV prevalence (%) the ages of 20 and 29. Communicable Diseases Control. - HIV/AIDS is still a major challenge for Fiji. With a window of five to 10 years from the time of infection to detection, it is clear that many are becoming infected while still in their teens.

- Persistence of typhoid fever, especially in the north of the country - Dengue infection and outbreaks will continue, given the many factors that could introduce the virus Other Comments WHO Fiji Health Profile - Leptospirosis represents an under diagnosed, underreported and misdiagnosed zoonotic infection, seen in evacuation centers during emergencies.

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Useful Information

Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +12 hours No daylight saving time at the moment Time Zone (GMT +/-) Time zone abbreviation: FJT - Fiji Time

Fiji enjoys a tropical maritime climate without great extremes of heat or cold. The predominant winds over Fiji are the trade winds from the east or southeast. Generally these are light or moderate, the most persistent being in the period July to December; strong winds are uncommon, and usually associated with occasional cyclones that usually occur in the period of November to April. About 10-15 cyclones per decade directly affect Fiji, on the average about two to four of these causing severe damage. Storm surge accompanies most cyclones in Fiji. The extreme rise in flood levels within the last two decades is three to four meters.

Vegetation cover over most of the larger islands will have distinct wet and dry features, the visible effect of wind and terrain. This is marked or demarcated by the windward and leeward sides of the islands. The windward side tends to receive more rainfall, thus greener than the dry leeward sides.

Due to the influence of the surrounding ocean, the changes in the temperature from day to day and season to season are relatively small. The average temperatures change by only about 2°C to 4°C between the coolest months (July and August) and the warmest months (January and February). Around the coast, the average night-time air temperatures can be as low as 18°C to 20°C and the average day-time temperatures can be as high as 30°C to 32°C. South-eastern coastal areas and the high interior often experience persistent cloudy humid weather.

Fiji experiences a distinct wet season (November to April) and a dry Source: ADB, season (May to October) that is controlled largely by the north and Climate Lab, Climate Description south movements of the South Pacific Convergence Zone which is the UNFPA & main rainfall producing system for the region. Much of the Fiji’s rain Wikipedia however falls in heavy brief local showers.

Rainfall is usually abundant during the wet season (November to April), especially over the larger islands, and it is often deficient during the rest of the year, particularly in the ‘dry zone’ on the north-western sides of the main islands. In the drier half year, from May to October, the heaviest rainfall occurs on the windward (south-east) parts of the larger islands.

Annual rainfall in the dry zones averages around 2000mm, whereas in the wet zones, it ranges from 3000mm around the coast to 6000mm on the mountainous sites.

The south-eastern parts of main islands, generally receive monthly total rainfall of 150mm during the dry season and 400mm during the wettest months. These parts of the islands have rain on about six out of ten days for the dry season and about eight out of ten days in wet season. The north-western parts of these islands are in the rain shadow and receive generally less than 100mm per month during the dry period. The variation in the monthly totals between the two zones during the wet season is little. The wettest month is usually March and the driest month is almost always July.

The combination of high rainfall accompanying cyclonic activity and storm events, as well as steep bare slopes, causes rapid runoff with river floods and sediment discharges into the near shore coral reef habitats. It has adverse implications for coastal communities, as well as

18

for commercial fishing and tourist activities.

During the wet season, brief heavy afternoon showers and thunderstorms are common. Fiji is frequently affected by tropical cyclones during the wet season. El Niño events are associated with reduced rainfall on the islands, in part due to shifts in the typical path of tropical cyclones away from Fiji. The 1997-1998 El Niño events contributed to bringing about one of worst droughts on record.5

Currency & Two letter Currency Fijian Dollar code ISO code FJD 242

Telephone Dialling + 679 Code Driving (Left or Right) Left - 4 months visitor visa, free at arrival Visa Requirements & - 2 weeks business visa free at arrival, need to be prolonged at Cost the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 67 FJD

Money Parity and Inflation Source: Exchange Rate Year Rate of Inflation US$ = Local Currency 2008 1 FJD = 0.5483 USD 7,8% 2009 1 FJD = 0.5274 USD 3,7% 2010 1 FJD = 0.5071 USD 4,0% 2011 2012 1 FJD = 0.569618 USD (25 Feb 2012)

Trends on 1 year: - Highest: 0.6503 USD on 16 Jul 2011.

- Average: 0.5440 USD over this period.

- Lowest: 0.4848 USD on 30 May 2010

1.3. Humanitarian Background

1.3.1. Overview

Fiji is located in one of the most vulnerable and highly at risk location to disasters in the world. About one or two cyclones hits the country every year and floods and flash floods - because of climate change - has become a common occurrence. Over the last decade, damage caused by tropical cyclones alone has been estimated at more than $500 million and more than 100 lives have been lost. Tropical Cyclone Ami, which struck the Northern and Eastern Divisions in 2003, caused social and economic losses of more than $100 million, whilst the floods in April 2009 caused damages estimated at more than $30 million.

Throughout history, emergencies and disasters have inflicted a heavy cost in human, material, and physical resources, and damage to the country. Disasters’ situation is further aggravated by the disruption, dislocation or loss of vital economic production and national infrastructure including water supply, power and communication and transportation.

Fiji is a country vulnerable to a number of natural hazards such as cyclone, flood, earthquake, fire, landslide and drought. Of these, cyclones, with their accompanying strong winds, flood and storm surge, are the most frequent have one of the most damaging effects. Earthquake, with its secondary

19 hazards such as tsunami, fire (in urban areas) and landslide, although not frequent, nevertheless has the potential to cause massive devastation. Drought is dictated by El Nino phenomena (3-5 year period).

The government of Fiji has established the National Disaster Management Plan 1995, enacted a Natural Disaster Management Act 1998, and prepared hazard specific response plans/procedures such as the Cyclone Response Plan/Procedures. The Act, Plan and programmes are being implemented to prevent or mitigate the effects of hazards and events, to prepare for and respond to them, and to return the country and its people to normal and productivity.

However, it is important to mention that some of the policies, plans and programmes may not be mentioned yet in the National Disaster Management Plan – as this one still needs to be updated.

This document should be used by government departments, provincial governments, NGOs, private industry and diplomatic missions as a guide for producing their own internal emergency procedures and response plans.

Adequate procedures for dealing with specific emergency and disaster situations and relief measures are still to be finalized. Regular training needs to be conducted covering all aspects of emergency and disaster management. Careful planning measures need to be in place to co-ordinate the effective use of resources, both human and physical, for the saving of lives and property, limiting damage to the environment, and the return to a normal life style as soon as possible. Measures must also be in place to co-ordinate activities with regional and international organizations and to request and receive assistance from outside the country.

Over the years, a disaster culture was created resulting in every citizen of the country participating in emergency and disaster prevention and preparedness to reduce the impacts of events to an acceptable level.

The National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) has primary responsibility for coordinating activities before, during and after emergency and disaster situations. The Chair of the National Disaster Management Council (NDMC) and the National Disaster Controller take their appointment by virtue of the Natural Disaster Management Act 1990.

Members of the three sub-committees of the Council are drawn from line agencies depending on their roles. These committees are: - Prevention and Mitigation Committee, - Preparedness Committee, - Emergency Committee

Disaster service liaison officers (DSLO's) are appointed by all agencies to provide effective operations and co-operation during emergencies, and to liaise on preparedness and mitigation activities.

The Fiji Council of Social Services (FCOSS) is the umbrella body for NGO's, whilst the Red Cross operates independently. Other social organisations are aligned to FCOSS or Red Cross. These organisations are active in the country and have representative members in communities. There are also active service organizations like Rotary and Lions Club who have been involved in emergency and disaster management programmes.

The National Disaster Management Plan was established in 1995. Support plans for cyclones, tsunamis and earthquakes have been developed. Other support plans – as an Emergency Logistics Response plan – are still to be developed.

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1.3.2. Hazard Map

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1.3.3. Hazard Statistics

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Source: CRED / EM-DAT

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It is clear that Fiji is exposed to a significant range of natural hazards and that these have resulted in disasters which have major effects on the country’s population. The estimated level of vulnerability and risk to each of the above natural hazards is summarized in the table below. Estimations are based upon vulnerability assessments made before and during the International Decade for Disaster Reduction (1990- 99), the effects of disasters occurring during that decade, and estimates provided by the National Disaster Management Office in Fiji (Chung et al, 2000). For each hazard type the vulnerability of Fiji is considered to be medium to high (May, 1994). The risk (a combination of vulnerability and hazard exposure) of each hazard (except volcanic eruption) is high (Chung et al, 2000).

Disaster management activities in Fiji play an important role in attempting to reduce both the risk posed by natural hazards and the vulnerability of populations in Fiji and also to respond to the occurrence of disasters. The following sections detail the activities that are undertaken in Fiji as part of the practice of disaster management.

Source: Kirstie Méheux, 2007

1.3.4. Fiji Risk Profile

Hazard % Pop. Exposed Ranking % GDP Exposed Ranking

Cyclone 15.69% 10th out of 89 16.02% 8th out of 89

Tsunami 7.05% 3rd out of 76 3.45% 4th out of 76

Earthquake 0.32% 97th out of 153 0.15% 109th out of 153

Landslide 0.13% 12th out of 162 1.25% 13th out of 162

Source: World Bank

Source: May, 1994; Chung et al, 2000

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Fiji’s exposure to Tropical Cyclone, Earthquake, Tsunami, and Landslide

(Source: Johnson, 1995)

1.3.5. Disasters, Conflicts & Migration History Disasters, Conflicts & Migration Natural Y/N Comments / Details Disasters The areas affected by drought are known in general terms in Fiji. These are mainly the smaller islands and the Western and Northern sides of the main islands.

Droughts which occur in Fiji are linked to the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and associated reductions in rainfall. During the 1983 and 1992 droughts, it was necessary for the Government to ship emergency water and food rations to affected areas.

Particularly vulnerable are small islands with limited water supplies. In some cases water must be Drought Y delivered to these locations via plane or barge.

In addition to this general picture, the Mineral Resources Department carries out studies into the water potential of different areas. This provides a basis for borehole schemes and other rural water supply programmes. The meteorology department also monitors drought with rainfall averages and the impact of El Nino.

Source: Kirstie Méheux, 2007; OFDA 2009

Earthquake Y Fiji is exposed to earthquakes.

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A preliminary assessment of earthquakes in Fiji indicates that earthquakes mostly occur in several zones with varying levels of earthquake activity. Those having the greatest earthquake activity are the Taveuni- Udu area, the south western parts of Kadavu and the northern Yasawas. The medium activity extends from the southern part of Taveuni and Vanua Levu, through Koro islands, Gau islands, Ovalau, eastern and southern Viti Levu, as far north as north-western Kadavu. The rest of Fiji is a region of relatively low earthquake activity. However the earthquake record for Fiji is too short (about 15 years) to draw conclusions on where earthquakes will not occur.

The most devastating earthquake to hit Fiji in recent times was the 1953 earthquake near Suva. The magnitude 6.75 RS earthquake and associated tsunami caused 8 deaths and considerable damage in Suva. Albert Park was submerged in water with deep sea fish left to stink on the park after water had receded. Since 1953, the population of Suva has greatly increased and most of the commercial development has occurred along the foreshore. It is estimated that a similar earthquake to the 1953 event would result in a greater number of casualties and much more damage.

In November 1998, a swarm of around 200 earthquakes, most of a magnitude less than ML4 affected Kadavu, with a major shock registering ML5.3, and having a Modified Mercalli intensity of VI-VII (Cronin et al, 2004). These earthquakes resulted in widespread small landslides (>100) which blocked roads and threatened buildings, concrete buildings were also cracked and residents in a number of villages self-evacuated (Cronin et al, 2004).

The majority of Fiji lies within an area that has a 10 percent chance of experiencing an earthquake of Modified-Mercalli intensity VIII –IX in a 50 year period (Johnson et al, 1995) (see figure above).

Source: Kirstie Méheux, 2007; OFDA 2009

Figure: Historical Earthquake Activity in Fiji since 1900

Source: AIR WORLDWIDE CORPORATION – World Bank Health emergencies occur as a result of various circumstances.

Like many developing countries, Fiji is still undergoing an epidemiological transition and is faced with a double burden of communicable and non-communicable disease. Whilst there has been a decline in the incidence of some of the communicable diseases over the past 20 years such as tuberculosis and Epidemic Y filariasis, the rise in incidence of Leptospirosis and typhoid fever in recent years is a cause for concern.

The threat of emerging and re-emerging communicable diseases, like TB, SARS, and avian influenza (HPAI H5N1), that pose international threats and would have socioeconomic impacts on Fiji has highlighted the need for vigilance in surveillance, border control, detection capacity, investigation capacity and capacity to respond in a timely and coordinated manner.

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Regional elimination initiatives include those for lymphatic filariasis (Pac ELF) and measles elimination. Control of hepatitis B is also being addressed. Fiji is a committed partner in these initiatives, which are being coordinated by WHO.

- In 2006, 136 suspected cases of measles were reported to the Ministry of Health - The threat of dengue virus infection and outbreaks will continue in Fiji given the many factors that could introduce the virus. - Leptospirosis represents an under diagnosed, underreported and misdiagnosed zoonotic infection that continues to spread to humans, with evidence showing shifts in clinical presentations and humans pathogenic serovars.

Divisional Medical Office, sub-divisional medical office and health centres are located in divisions and districts whilst nursing stations are located at grassroots level and every inhabited island. Nurses make periodical visits to villages and settlements. Most tropical diseases have been eliminated but there are periodic outbreaks of dengue fever, filarisis, and leptospirosis. Cholera has not occurred for many years. There is an increasing prevalence of STI with dramatic increase in HIV/Aids.

During emergency operations, there are significant risks of outbreaks in the evacuation centers. Epidemics can become major health problems in disaster situations.

Source: WHO; Government of Fiji Islands - Ministry of Health Extreme N temperature Flooding is also a significant hazard in Fiji, usually associated with cyclone or tropical depression rainfall. Fiji is subject to both coastal and river flooding.

Since 1970, Fiji reported about 40 floods, which is about a third of the total of 124 natural disasters reported during the 1970-2007 period. Often floods are associated with cyclones but these may not be recorded as floods per se but as cyclone events. Thus the incidence of floods could be greater than recorded.

Floods in Fiji:

- Result from heavy and prolonged rainfall, when the water level in rivers and streams rises over the banks and inundates the surrounding land. - Are associated with cyclones when sudden water surge affect the landfall areas.

Flash Floods occur within a few hours of torrential rains with little or no warning and dissipate rapidly. This is the most common form of flooding in Fiji and occurs frequently.

Rapid-Onset Floods occur within several hours of heavy rainfall, can last several days and are specific to medium-sized river catchments. ). In April 2004, the Central and Western Divisions experienced widespread flooding as a result of heavy rainfall associated with two tropical depressions (National Disaster Management Office, 2004). There were ten confirmed deaths and a further ten people missing, Flood Y presumed dead and a preliminary estimate of damage placed the cost at over F$20 million (≈AU$14.75 million, US$12.7 million) (National Disaster Management Office, 2004).

Slow-Onset Floods are only characteristic of large river systems (like the Sepik, PNG) and don’t occur in Fiji

Floods disturb fragile island economies by affecting individuals, businesses, insurance companies and governments. The costs of flooding are high. For example, Fiji’s economy suffers annually losses of some FJD 20 million on average due to flooding.

The January and March 2012 floods in Fiji are reported as the worst in the history of the country since the 1931 floods. Many parts of the country were affected by a number of consecutive flood events that spread over several days. The floods affected areas from Western Viti Levu where the impact was greatest, to the Northern and Central Divisions of Fiji. With excessive rainfall experienced for over a week most of the low lying areas in the country were under water for days and in places experienced flood levels of up to 3-5 metres.

Almost 15,000 people were evacuated. Many roads, bridges and other infrastructure have been damaged or washed away. Included in the affected area was the sugar belt. Many sugar cane farms, cane access roads & rail infrastructures and mills were significantly affected by the floods.

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Source: International Union for Conservation of Nature; Kirstie Méheux, 2007; NDMO As for all Pacific Islands countries, pests and disease pose a huge danger to Fiji’s environment. Fiji successfully controlled a number of notorious coconut pests and some weeds by implementing bio- control programmes.

The Biosecurity Authority of Fiji (BAF) was established under the Biosecurity Promulgation in December 2008. It is a Commercial Statutory Authority under the Public Enterprise Act 1996. BAF is mandated to protect Fiji’s agricultural sector from the introduction and spread of animal and plant pests and diseases, facilitate access to viable agro-export markets and ensure compliance of Fiji’s agro-exports to Insect Y overseas market requirements. infestation BAF manages quarantine controls at borders to minimise the risk of exotic pests and diseases entering the country. It also provides import and export inspection and certification to help retain Fiji’s favorable animal, plant and human health status and wide access to overseas export markets.

The Pacific Islands Pest List Database (PLD) stores records of pests that are currently known to affect agriculture, forestry and the environment in Pacific Island countries and territories (PICTs). Email: [email protected] - phone +679 337 0733 +679 337 0733 or fax +679 337 0021

Landslides in Fiji are commonly associated with periods of heavy rainfall, especially tropical cyclone rainfall. The most concerned areas are the coastal south-east Viti Levu.

- Following Cyclone Wally in 1980, the most extensive landslides were recorded, when the road from Navua to Yarawa was blocked by 45 huge landslides (Government of Fiji, 1995).

- Landslides are also associated with earthquake activity (for example on Kadavu in 1998). Areas particularly susceptible to landslide are illustrated in Figure above. Slides Y - After cyclone Kina in January 1993, a reconnaissance mission of Mineral Resources Department and SOPAC reported 160 landslides, of which 130 were associated with roads constructed using the "cut and fill" method.

- Recent landslides in Rabi resulted in 8 deaths.

Source: Kirstie Méheux, 2007; OFDA 2009

Taveuni is the third-largest island in the Fiji Group, and is home to around 15 000 people. The Island is the surface expression of a large volcano, 40 km long and up to 12 km wide.

Y / Volcano Recent geological studies by Shane Cronin (Cronin, 1998; 1999) revealed that it last erupted sometime N between 1460 and 1660 AD. Furthermore, the study indicated that it has erupted at least 36 times since people inhabited the island.

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The latest eruption yet dated on Taveuni occurred sometime between 1460 and 1660 AD, in the South Cape area of Taveuni, whilst in central Taveuni the latest was sometime after 1403-1443 AD.

Given the continual nature of eruptive activity on Taveuni since 9500 BC, the known intervals between eruptions of between 60 and 400 years, and the latest activity only 340-540 years ago, it is almost certain that Taveuni may be considered as an active volcano and that eruptive activity may re- commence in the near future on Taveuni. The probability of activity within the next 100 years is high.

Source: SOPAC Technical Report 298

Fiji has, during its history, been affected by tsunami. The likelihood of tsunami differs between locations in Fiji. Based upon the magnitudes of known tsunami, there is moderate tsunami potential in the Central-Southeast islands of the Fiji Group (where tsunamis have been recorded with wave run-up heights of 2-4m). Coastlines in the Northwest of the group are identified as having a low tsunami potential as tsunami have either not been reported or those reported in the area have run-up heights of less than 2m (Johnson et al, 1994).

Earthquakes occur in several zones, with some of the largest earthquakes in Fiji occurring in the north- eastern region of the country. This region is considered to be the Islands’ most active earthquake zone Wave/Surge Y (Vuetibau, 2004). The main islands of Fiji, Viti Levu and Vanua Levu, are within a seismically active area within the Fiji Platform (Rahiman, 2006). This and the seismicity of the plate boundary zone between the Pacific and Australian Plates and the Pacific Ring of Fire mean Fiji is susceptible to tsunami generated by local, regional and distant (or ocean wide) events (from sources 100 km, 1000 km, >1000 km respectively). The impact of tsunami on Fiji is variable and dependant on the shape of the seafloor between the source and the affected area (Thomas, Burbidge and Cummings, 2007).

For Mw 8.5 earthquakes Fiji is placed in Category 3 (normalised amplitude of 75 – 150cm). For Mw 9.0 events, Fiji is placed in Category 5 (normalised amplitude of >250cm).

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The Tonga trench, with some contribution from the New Hebrides trench dominates the tsunami hazard to Fiji with maximum amplitudes 1 to 3.3 metres (Thomas and Burbidge, 2009). Thomas and Burbidge state that amplitudes on the eastern islands and on the eastern coast of Vanua Levu are significantly higher than elsewhere in Fiji.

There have been several recorded incidences of tsunami events within Fiji. The Pacific Disaster Centre’s (PDC) states that “Fiji experienced 17 tsunami events between 1877 and 2004”. Of these, four had recorded wave heights ranging between 0.5 and 5 metres above mean sea level. Fiji’s Seismology Section of the MRD states that “eleven tsunamis have been recorded in Fiji, of which three were generated within Fiji waters” (Prasad, 1991).

Most of Fiji’s 300 islands are volcanic in origin and have a range of fringing and barrier reefs. Local tsunami can be generated by submarine landslides caused by earthquakes (Pearce, 2008, D11). In 1953, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake originating offshore from Suva, Viti Levu triggered a coral reef platform collapse, which in turn generated a local tsunami. The tsunami itself killed five people. The tsunami wave heights ranged from 0.7 to 5.0 metres above mean sea level. A wave height of 4.3 metres was recorded in Nakasaleka in Kadavu. Eyewitness accounts indicate that the first wave took only 3 minutes to reach Suva (Pacific Disaster Centre, 2005 and Rahiman, 2006).

Three other significant events have been caused by earthquakes that occurred off the island of Vanua Levu in 1881 and off the cost of Chile in South America in both 1877 and 1960. During the 1960 Chile event, the tsunami waves took approximately 13 hours to reach Suva.

A small tsunami was generated in 1975 by a moderate earthquake in Fiji’s Kadavu Passage. Once again, this local tsunami resulted from an underwater landslide (Gajendra, 1991).

Investigation of the Bureau’s deep ocean model-based tsunami prediction system demonstrates that the local and regional subduction zone threat sources for the Fiji Islands are the New Hebrides and Tonga Trenches. There is also limited threat from the Kermadec Trench and the South Solomon Trench. Travel times for tsunami from these sources vary but are typically between 2 to 2.5 hours from the New Hebrides and Tonga Trenches and approximately 3 to 3.5 from the South Solomon and Kermadec Trenches. More remote source, such as those from Peru-Chile, USA, Canada, Japan and the Kuril also pose a tsunami threat to Fiji but only for major earthquakes of at least magnitude 8.0 and above. These sources are more than 10 hours away. Adequate time for warning and evacuation would therefore exist from an efficient tsunami warning system.

Source: Fiji Tsunami Capacity Assessment Report - Australia Bureau of Meteorology, 2009

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 Significant fire events in countryside are related to the dry season. o During the dry season vegetation in the western region becomes susceptible to fire. o Periodically there are extended periods of drought that exacerbate the risk of fire. Y /  Fire risk in town is more a potential side effect of earthquakes Wild fires N o The National Fire Authority is stationed in the major cities and some big towns. Other communities lack fire service facilities.

Source: Kirstie Méheux, 2007; OFDA 2009; Fiji National Fire Authority

Fiji’s location in the South Pacific Ocean between 15-22° South and 175-178° West (see Figure 3.1), exposes the country to tropical cyclones, which are the most frequent hazard process to occur in Fiji and result in the most damage (Campbell, 1984; Fairbairn, 1997).

On average, Fiji experiences 10 to 15 tropical cyclones per decade, of which 2 to 4 result in severe damage (Fiji Meteorological Office, undated).

The cost of tropical cyclones and associated rainfall, flooding, storm surges, salt spray and high winds in Fiji is often high.

- Tropical cyclones in Fiji affect an average of 28,837 people per event (CRED/EM-DAT, 2004). The most recent tropical cyclone (Ami, 2003) affected 30,000 people and killed 17 (CRED/EM- DAT, 2004).

- The most expensive event in recent years was Tropical Cyclone Kina (1993) with total damage Y / estimated at US$100 million (equivalent to 7% of Fiji’s GDP) (Fairbairn, 1997). Following Kina, Wind storm N Tropical Cyclone Ami (2003) resulted in damages of US$30 million and Tropical Cyclone Gavin (1998) caused US$15 million worth of damage (OCHA, 2003).

- Cyclone Oscar (1983) affected 200,000 people, over a quarter of Fiji’s population.

Specific plans (structural and conjectural) are in place in the country, such as the “2011/2012 TROPICAL CYCLONE SEASON SUMMARY OF ALERTS AND WARNINGS PROCEDURES FOR FIJI”

Figure below shows the path of the eye, or center, of major tropical cyclones having affected Fiji since 1945. These storms can be very wide, with damaging winds and rain extending throughout Fiji. The color of the path reflects the intensity of the storm, as measured using the Saffir- Simpson tropical cyclone scale. A more intense storm such as a category 4 or 5 has more damaging winds, higher precipitation rates and storm surge levels.

Figure: Selected historical Tropical Cyclone Activity in Fiji since 1945

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Source: AIR WORLDWIDE CORPORATION – World Bank

Other comments Man-made

Tensions between Fiji’s indigenous people and Indo-Fijian populations have led to increasing political instability in recent years. The international isolation that has resulted has further hindered the economy, which suffers from low growth and a lack of investment.

Currently Fiji is calm but deterioration to the situation, including the potential for civil disorder and violence, cannot be ruled out. For 17 years after independence, Fiji was a parliamentary democracy. During that time, political life combined the traditional Fijian chiefly system with leading elements of the European, part-European, and Indian communities. However, when a cabinet with substantial ethnic Indian representation was installed after the April 1987 Civil strife Y election, extremist elements played on ethnic Fijian fears of domination by the Indo-Fijian community, resulting in a military coup d’état This began what is now referred to as the "coup cycle." The most recent coup took place in December 2006, but has its roots in the previous 2000 coup and mutiny. One of the main issues of contention is land tenure. Indigenous Fijian communities very closely identify themselves with their land. Since the last military coup of December 2006, Fiji is ruled by decree which gives the police and military extensive powers. Public Emergency Regulations were lifted on 7 January 2012 but many restrictions remain in place as set out in the Public Order Act (Amendment) Decree of 6 January 2012. International N conflict

Natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, storms, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions…) and the negative effects of climate change (more frequent and stronger sudden-onset disasters, salination, and sea-level-rise) Displaced have a significant impact on Pacific countries. Both disasters and climate change are causing internal in/out of the Y displacement in many countries in the region. country

Although many of these people are likely to be displaced within national borders, some will have no choice but to migrate internationally.

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According to the latest Australian immigration figures, almost 4,000 people from Pacific island countries settled in Australia in 2007–2008. This represented 1.9% of all immigrants to Australia in that year.

Global experience indicates that persons displaced by natural disasters are particularly vulnerable the longer people stay displaced. The potential for forced displacement among the Pacific islands’ population of about 8 million people demands urgent debate on what future resettlement and relocation might involve.

The Pacific Island countries’ geophysical characteristics, demographic patterns and location in the Pacific Ocean make them particularly vulnerable to the effects of global warming. Most Pacific Island countries are characterized by a high ratio of shoreline to land, low elevation, settlement patterns concentrated in coastal areas and a narrow economic basis—all of which put them at heightened risk. Perhaps more than in any other region, the populations and governments of Pacific Island countries are keenly aware that they face severe and multifaceted risks as a result of climate change. Their lives and livelihoods are linked to the Pacific Ocean; rising sea levels and other effects of global warming threaten not only their physical assets and coastal zones, but also their way of life and perhaps their national identities.

Although detailed statistics don’t seem to exist, it is obvious that climate change related displacements have already begun in the Pacific region: - Those displacements may be internal to a country. In Fiji, people are used to move to evacuation centers during / due to natural disasters events. Nevertheless, those movements are only for a few days / weeks, even if the duration seems to increase over the years. - The displacements may be internal to the region. For example, Fiji government stated recently that it will host climate refugees from Tuvalu and Kiribati Islands, if / when needed in the future - The displacements may be international. Australia and New-Zealand being the countries’ most concerned by significant climate refugees’ movements.

Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change 2007; Oxfam 2009; OHCHR “Protecting the Human Rights of Internally Displaced Persons in Natural Disasters”, 2011

Only 1 person is recognized as refugee (Persons recognized as refugees under the 1951 UN Refugees in Convention/1967 Protocol, the 1969 OAU Convention, in accordance with the UNHCR Statute in Fiji Y country while 6 others are asylum seekers (Persons whose application for asylum or refugee status is pending at any stage in the procedure.) (UNHCR 2011 figures) Refugees 1851 Fijians are registered as refugees (UNHCR 2011 figures), mainly in the USA, Canada, New Y from country Zealand, Japan and Australia, while 300 others are asylum seekers. Landmines casualties / N year Other comments *: http://www.em-dat.net/disasters/countryprofiles.php Centre for research on epidemiology of disasters, Belgium

1.3.6. Climate and Seasonal Affects

Fiji Climate - 2009 statistics

Fiji Islands – 2009 Temperature (Cº) Suva Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Low 24.3 24.4 24.7 24.1 22.9 21.6 21.7 21.4 21.4 22.2 23.0 23.8 High 30.9 31.9 31.9 30.6 28.7 27.3 26.8 27.1 26.8 28.0 28.3 29.1 Nadi Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Low 23.1 22.9 23.4 22.1 21.4 19.9 19.6 19.1 19.8 20.1 21.4 22.1 High 30.3 31.1 30.9 30.8 29.3 27.9 27.9 27.7 27.8 28.5 30.1 30.5 Labasa Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Low 23.1 22.9 23.2 22.9 22.0 21.0 20.7 20.4 20.6 20.7 22.2 22.0 High 31.8 31.9 32.3 31.8 30.9 29.5 29.5 29.5 29.8 30.3 30.7 30.7 Source: Meteorology Department

Fiji Islands – 2009 Rainfall (mm)

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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Suva 731.9 287.7 271.5 182.7 283.1 100.9 55.9 93.2 343.4 55.9 79.7 323.0 Nadi 1180.6 237.1 321.3 74.6 163.5 113.5 73.9 55.9 197.5 55.6 41.1 284.6 Labasa 804.6 454.3 260.4 210.6 94.3 111.1 93.2 16.2 152.8 13.5 105.9 163.2 Source: Meteorology Department

Fiji Weather – Averages Statistics

1. Nadi

Average Average Average Average Wet Relative Average Minimum Maximum Temperature Rainfall Days Humidity Wind Speed Nadi Temperature Temperature (°C) (mm) (>0.1 (%) (Beaufort) (°C) (°C) mm) January 23 31 27 306 17 82 3 February 23 31 27 296 18 83 3 March 23 31 27 418 19 85 3 April 22 31 27 223 14 84 3 May 20 30 25 106 9 81 3 June 19 29 24 106 5 81 3 July 18 28 23 53 4 77 3 August 19 29 24 63 5 76 3

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September 20 29 25 86 7 76 3 October 21 30 26 60 8 77 3 November 21 30 26 130 11 78 3 December 22 31 26.5 219 15 81 3

2. Lau

Average Average Average Average Wet Days Relative Average Wind Minimum Maximum Temperature Rainfall (>0.1 mm) Humidity Speed Nadi Temperature Temperature (°C) (mm) (%) (Beaufort) (°C) (°C)

January 24 29 26.5 201 14 80 4

February 24 29 26.5 199 15 81 4

March 24 29 27 266 17 83.0 4

April 23 28 26 196 13 82 4

May 22 26 24 144 11 80 4

June 21 26 24 109 11 78 4

July 20 25 23 90 11 77 4

August 20 25 22.5 94 10 77 4

September 20 25 23 106 10 78 4

October 21 26 24 114 9 78 4

November 22 27 25 128 11 78 4

December 23 28 25.5 145 13 80 4

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Fiji Water Temperature

This sea water temperature graph is derived from data gathered as part of an University of the South Pacific project.

Seasonal Affects on Transport (economic, social, climate…)

During the wet / cyclonic seasons, days of torrential rain may flood rivers, bridges and roads, cut power and water supplies, closing accesses to villages or even small towns and triggering a state of emergency.

- Bridges and crossings may be closed. - Authorities regularly issue safety warnings or authorize access to roads networks only to 4-wheels drives. - During torrential rain events, there are real risk of flash floods throughout low-lying areas of Fiji, making all land movements hazardous. - Coastal areas and roads are increasingly dangerous during the wet season.

There are no other seasonal affects than the weather related ones (economical, agricultural, social ...)

Transport Comments - Paved and sealed road are generally OK to go through the wet season. - Nevertheless, rains on the main roads could make driving a hazard. - During the wet season, floods, flash floods and landslides, particularly on Primary Road Transport stretches of the highways may happen, resulting in roads, crossroads or bridges closures.

Wet / cyclonic season last from November to April.

- The secondary roads network is often not in a perfect condition and may be quickly affected by rainfalls, making it impracticable overnight. Secondary Road Transport - During the wet season, floods, flash floods and landslides may happen, resulting in roads, crossroads or bridges closures.

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Wet / cyclonic season last from November to April.

Rail Transport - Generally reliable all over the year - Heavy rain falls / cyclones may impact the air transport operations, resulting in delays, flights cancellations and temporary airports/airstrips closures. - The secondary airstrips on outer islands may be impracticable during the wet Air Transport seasons. - During wet seasons, even if the airports/airstrips are open, the access roads may be impracticable.

Wet / cyclonic season last from November to April.

- Waterways transport – for both sea and rivers - may be affected during the wet / cyclonic seasons, sometimes during days. Waterways Transport Wet / cyclonic season last from November to April.

Seasonal Affects on Storage and Handling (economic, social, climate…) Activity Comments Storage During the wet / cyclonic seasons, days of torrential rain may flood roads, cut power Handling and water supplies, closing accesses to transport and storage infrastructures, impacting handling / packaging operations and making access of manpower problematic. Other Nevertheless, it is very difficult to forecast and anticipate those constraints.

1.3.7. Capacities to Respond to Emergencies

1.3.7.1. Government - Fiji’s Disaster Management framework

1.3.7.1.1 Introduction

The National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) of 1995 is a comprehensive plan centered largely on the emergency management part of the natural hazard management cycle. The natural hazard management cycle is essentially in two parts: a) The emergency management component, which comprises of preparedness for the disaster, response after the disaster has occurred, and the recovery or rehabilitation and development of the stricken region; b) The risk management component is the prevention and the mitigation part of the hazard management cycle

The NDMP details agency roles and responsibilities, emergency operations, relief and rehabilitation, mitigation and public awareness and training on disaster management in Fiji, from the national level, to divisional level and right down to district level . It has a strong emphasis on emergency or disaster management while reference is made within the plan of the role of other government departments in risk management; tsunamis and earthquakes with the Mineral Resources Department, coastal riverine flooding with the Drainage, and Irrigation Department and flood control and watershed management programme with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forest and Fisheries, Land and Water Resources Management Department.

A natural progression was to enact an Act that would govern Natural Disaster Management and so in 1998, the Natural Disaster Management Act was passed by the Fiji Parliament, mandating the government and relevant agencies to function more effectively in relation to managing natural disasters. This saw the establishment of the National Disaster Management Office as well as the continuation of the functions of the various government departments with a role in the natural hazard management cycle.

1.3.7.1.2 Reviews of the Disaster Management framework

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Reviews of the Natural Disaster Management Act 1998 and the 1995 National Disaster Management Plan were due for completion in 2006. The reviews were prompted by a number of national and international factors.

The principal recommendations were to include manmade hazards including technological hazards in the Act and Plan and to institute qualitative improvements in legislation, regulations, organisation, operating procedures, training and readiness. The reviews stressed that an effective crisis and emergency management system under national leadership is essential. The review also aimed to put in place a system in dealing with disaster risk reduction and planning for effective preparedness, response and recovery. The focus on community capacity building aimed to reduce dependency and to achieve community resilience and sustainable development.

The Draft NDRMA of 2006 succinctly outlines that it replaces the Fiji National Disaster Management Plan of 1995.

The NDRMA sets out the arrangements for disaster risk reduction and disaster management in Fiji. It also ushers in a new focus for the national disaster machinery in terms of assigning overall responsibility for the management of both natural and human-caused disasters.

The NDRM acknowledges the following as natural and human caused disasters.

 Natural and Human Caused Disasters. Natural Human Caused Cyclone Aircraft Accident – Air/Sea/Land Drought Animal Disease Earthquake Epidemics / Pandemics Flood Fire – bush /structure Landslide Hazardous Materials Spills – Marine / Land Storm Tide (surge) Invasive species Tsunami Mass Civil Disorder Volcanic Eruptions Oil Spill – Marine / Land Shipping Accidents Source: Adapted from Fiji Draft NDRM 2006

1.3.7.1.3 The present Disaster Management organisation

The National Disaster Management Structure is arranged from national to divisional and district level. The declaration and control of emergencies is retained centrally at the national level whereas management of preparedness, response actions to each of the warning stages, evacuation centres, response, relief and early recovery activities are systematically devolved to divisional and district levels. The national disaster management arrangement has sub-committees that tap the technical and logistic resources available nationally bringing them in as team players and partners in all stages of preparedness, warning, response and recovery.

 Disaster management structure under normal circumstances

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 Disaster management structure during emergency operations

1.3.7.1.4 The Cyclone Plan

The generic National DM Plan is in place and all Divisions derive their plans from it with assigned roles for responsible agencies to ensure they incorporate the same standards. The predictable and seasonal nature of cyclone occurrences resulted in the establishment of the Cyclone Support Plan in 1997, as the cyclones are the cause of most of the major flooding in Fiji.  Each stage of the cyclone threat has matching preparedness, national readiness and response requirements that clarify who get involved across sectors.  Where plans exist, there are usually SOPs in place, and vice versa. Most organisations have internal SOPs but these are rarely shared beyond their organisation.  The emergency operations are coordinated from DISMACs using emergency operation plans and procedures that outline pre-determined roles of agencies across the sector.  To date the nation has managed to cope with devastating floods and cyclones despite some indentified shortcomings in national coordination of preparedness and response activities.

Constraints and Challenges

 A revised policy framework was endorsed by Cabinet in February 2006. The significant number of recommendations necessitated the drafting of a new plan and legislation, Fiji National Disaster Risk

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Management Arrangements: Building the resilience of Fiji's communities to natural and human- caused hazards (NDRMA). The NDRMA were completed in October 2006 and were due to be enacted by Cabinet in early 2007. Unfortunately, developments in the political situation of Fiji delayed the enactment of the NDRMA.  The identified need to develop specific Response Plans and Early Warning Systems for floods, cyclones, earthquakes and tsunamis, in order to provide people with time and confidence to deal with such events and to facilitate more rapid Government intervention is slowly put in place.  The Fiji Red Cross works closely with the divisional commissioners and provincial administrators/district officers to provide support during emergency relief operations and is now fully included in the operations procedures. There is still a need to continue strengthening the coordination mechanisms with Disaster Management partners, including the civil society actors, as well as the FRANZ group, the EU, ADB, World Bank, UN agencies and SOPAC. This is particularly true for logistics operations.  Many of the existing partnerships and organizational arrangements are programme driven. The myriad of arrangements reflect the abundance of available financial resources via donor initiated programmes but these national initiatives require better coordination between sectors and government departments.  As in many other Pacific countries, during emergencies, authority is delegated to Divisional, Provincial and District levels. Disaster Management Committees (DISMAC) exists down to district level, whilst Budget allocation for DM is centralised with NDMO and disseminated to local levels as needed. Nevertheless, this policy isn’t written in an official framework yet. Unclear policies in terms of responsibility at the divisional and local levels should be addressed in the review of the NDRM Arrangements. There may be insufficient knowledge and awareness in local governments and communities in regard to their roles and responsibilities.  NGOs/FBOs have extensive community outreach. However in the new NDM Arrangements it is not clear how NGOs/Faith Based Organisations (FBOs) are integrated into the national DRM arrangements, while some actors like Red Cross or PCI-DRR are fully integrated into the national plans.  In most cases funding emergency preparedness plans or contingency stocks is problematic.  As a priority, NGOs and FBOs have identified that a national coordination forum is needed to share information and consult on how they can integrate better into the national response arrangements, as they presently undertake a myriad of community level activities.

Sources: GOVERNMENT OF FIJI - Strategic Development Plan 2007-2011; NDMO - National progress report on the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action (2009-2011); REPUBLIC OF THE FIJI ISLANDS - Country Information Package - Policy, Plans, Programmes and Projects for Emergencies and Disasters – August 2009

1.3.7.1.5 The National Disaster Management Council (NDMC) - Roles and Responsibilities1

Minister for Provincial Development and National Disaster Management  Chairman of the National Disaster Management Council and report disaster programmes and activities to Cabinet

Permanent Secretary for Provincial Development  Deputy Chairman of the NDMC and National Disaster Controller

National Disaster Management Office (NDMO)  Day-to-day management of disaster management activities and operations  Co- ordination of response resources through the National Emergency Operation Centre (NEOC)  The Director for the NDMO is the Manager of the NEOC and is also the National Disaster Coordinator.

National DISMAC  An acronym encompassing the NDMC, NDMO and the NEOC

1 Similar structures exist at Divisional, Provincial and District level. The operational tools of each level are the – National, Divisional, Provincial and District – Emergency Operations Centers.

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 It is used mostly at the NEOC and by the National Emergency Committee for communication to direct and coordinate emergency operations.

National Emergency Committee  A sub-committee of the NDMC  Provides decision making and guidance for the NEOC during operations  Activated when deemed necessary for emergencies and disasters  The committee is chaired by the National Disaster Controller.

Government Agency Liaisons  Activate department disaster plans.  Facilitate information flow from NEOC to departments and vice-versa.  Identify department personnel to fill needs as determined by the NEOC manager.

NGOs and Red Cross Liaisons  Activate agency disaster plans.  Facilitate information flow from NEOC and vice-versa.  Identify agency personnel to fill needs as determined by the NEOC manager.

Division/District Emergency and Disaster Management Committee  Chaired by the divisional commissioner of the district at their respective levels  Committee members are drawn from divisional HOD’s district HOD’s Roko tuis, NGO’s and statutory bodies  The Chairman and the committee develop and manage district plans and programmes as described by the National Plan or determined to be necessary by the Committee.  The division/district organizations and operations will be similar to the organization and operations at the national level.

 Permanent programmes will include: o Public Education and Awareness o Relief and response o Prevention and mitigation o Preparedness and training o Emergency operation

Village/settlement Emergency and Disaster Committees  The role of the committee is similar to divisional and district, however, it is more simplified because of the participation at the grassroots level.

National Emergency Management Sub-committee  Meet as necessary to deal with emergency and disaster situations.  Ensure that effective management response procedures are in place for on-site multi-agency co- ordination and are supported by: o An emergency and disaster communications network for onsite command, information sharing and relay, and logistics and technical support. o Other existing telecommunications systems to ……… o Roster teams take turns at the NEOC to monitor preparation and response to a national disaster. o Report to the NDMC on all disaster management aspects before, during and after a disaster.

 Membership: o Permanent Secretary for Home Affairs (Chairperson) o Permanent Secretary for Agriculture o Permanent Secretary for Health o Permanent Secretary for Fijian Affairs & Provincial o Development o Permanent Secretary for Public Works o Permanent Secretary for Finance o Controller of Government Supplies o Commissioner, Fiji Police Force o Commander, Fiji Military Forces o Director-General, Fiji Red Cross

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o Chief Executive, National Fire Authority

1.3.7.1.6 The National Disaster Management Office

The National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) was established as the coordinating centre of the Fiji Government in times of national disasters. The NDMO operates under the National Disaster Management Act and coordinates the national management of disaster activities through the Ministry of Provincial Development organisation structures at the National level, the Divisional level, the District or Provincial level and to the local and community levels. The NDMO manages disaster activities at these levels through Disaster Preparedness programs, Disaster Mitigation programs, Disaster Response programs in times of natural disasters and Disaster Rehabilitation programs to restore normalcy after the adverse effect of a disaster hazard.

The tools that assist NDMO to enhance its disaster management programs are the National Disaster Management Act and the National Disaster Management Plan. These two legal instruments details the authority, establishment and structure for NDMO to work within in ensuring the tasks of building the national disaster management capacities, capable for implementation of national management programs and ultimately setting the framework and platform for building the disaster resilience all levels of the national organisations.

1.3.7.1.6.1 NDMO ORGANISATION STRUCTURE

The NDMO is structured into three Units according to the core functions and responsibilities of the organisation.

Policy, Research & Risk Management Unit This Unit is regarded as the long-term element of the organisation. The unit works mainly in collaboration with specialised NDMO partners at the international, regional and national level and harmonised global disaster management technological advancement into its work plan.  Policy Development - the formulation and development of disaster risk reduction and disaster management policies for Fiji.  Research and Development - disaster risk reduction and disaster management research by specialised disaster management partners and the implementation of programs formulated from the researched activities.  Risks Management - the identification and analysis of risk factor that affect communities with the formulation of risk reduction programs aimed at reducing risks to manageable level.  Information Technology (IT) Development - development of IT capabilities within NDMO: NDMO Database, the NDMO Geographical Information System (GIS) and the NDMO Website.

Training, Education & Awareness Unit  Training and Development - training at the national, divisional, district and community level according to the needs and gaps in the disaster management arrangements  Education and Awareness - education and awareness programs, incl. the National Disaster Awareness Week, a national event in the beginning of the cyclone season  Publications

Emergency Planning & Coordination The Unit is the implementation arm of the NDMO in terms of coordinating the national response to disasters.  Planning - emergency planning at the national level, strategies and work plans.  Coordination - of organisations in accordance with the threat or impact of a hazard  Operations - the management of emergency operations.  Management of the National Emergency Centre (NEOC) - staffing, planning, organising, leading and controlling the efforts of the NEOC and all other response resources

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1.3.7.1.6.2 PARTNERSHIP The NDMO partners contribute mostly to supplement the gaps in national capacity.

International Partners  The United Nations agencies  The International Federation of the Red Cross  The European Union  The World Bank  Foreign Embassies and Missions, and  All the International NGOs

Regional Partners  AUSAID  NZAID  SOPAC  SPC  SPREP  All the regional NGOs

National Partners  Government Ministries and Departments  National NGOs  Municipalities  Statutory bodies  Private sector companies/organisations

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1.3.7.1.6.3 PROGRAMS The NDMO manages a number of disaster risk reduction and disaster management programs with the support of its partners. Among the main ones:

 IT Development Database, Website, GIS  CHARM implementation  Risk Assessment for Urban Centers  SERMP - Suva Earthquake Risk Management Project  Emergency Operation Centre Resourcing & Training Program  Pacific Catastrophe Risk Pool Initiative  National Disaster Awareness Week  Damage Assessment Manuals  EMWIN - Emergency Weather Info System  Drought Support Plan  Tsunami Early Warning System  Flood Early Warning System - Navua, Rewa, etc  HF Radio Installation  Guidelines for donated items  Emergency Management Volunteer Services

1.3.7.1.6.4 COMMITTEE INVOLVEMENTS NDMO is part of a number of committees:

Membership Status - NDMO is a member to:  Fiji National Land-Care Steering Committee  Navua Early Warning System Committee  Integrated Water Resource Management Committee  Integrated Coastal Development Committee  Environmental Awareness Committee

Secretariat Status - NDMO acts as the secretariat of:  Suva Earthquake Risk Management Project Committee  National Drought Plan Committee, and  National Tsunami Steering Committee  Avian Influenza Taskforce

1.3.7.1.7 EMERGENCY OPERATIONS - ROLE & RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIJIAN AGENCIES

Police  Provide a representative to the NDC, CCG and national working group  Assist with the initial emergency relief assessment process  Provide back-up radio communications  Law enforcement  Traffic and crowd control  Isolation of damaged areas  Damage reconnaissance and reporting  Disaster area evacuation

Fire Service  Fire prevention and suppression  Hazardous spills containment and clean-up  Inspect evacuation centres

Public Works  Provide a leader for the mitigation and planning sub working groups  Lead the disaster assessment process and compile a full assessment report for NDC

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 Provide a representative for the NDC and CCG  Tend to damages to ensure infrastructure is maintained as best possible during an emergency  Carry out assessment of damage  Inspection of damaged area for the hazard

FCOSS (Association of NGOs)  Provide a representative to each of the national working group sub groups  Support the initial emergency relief process  Support disaster management training  Provide a representative to the NDC

Lands Survey and Natural Resources  Provide a representative to the NDC and national working group  Participate and support disaster mitigation programme activities

Utilities Authorities - Telecom, FEA, City Councils  Provide a representative to the NDC and national working group  Participate and support disaster mitigation project activities  Tend to damages to ensure services are maintained as best possible during an emergency  Carry out assessment of damage

Health  Provide a representative to the NDC, and national working group  Conduct sentinel monitoring of potential health problems following a major incident  Coordinate planning efforts of hospital and other health facilities with state requirements  Coordinate patient loads of health facilities during emergencies  Coordinate triage and first aid activities immediately after disaster strikes  Develop emergency health and sanitation standards and procedures

Red Cross Society  Provide a representative to the NDC, CCG, and national working group  Support the initial emergency relief assistance and assessment process  Provide support to disaster management training activities

St John Ambulance  Provide a representative to the NDC, CCG, and national working group  Support the initial emergency relief assistance  Provide support to disaster management training activities

Divisional Disaster Coordinating Officer  Support the identification and design of disaster management programmes  Disseminate warning messages within areas of responsibility an ensure community members understand their meaning together with action to take  Initiate emergency relief assessment within their areas of responsibility  Serve as the disaster management focal point for their respective division  Other activities in support of disaster management and emergency response that may be requested by the NDC or NDMO

Education  Provide a representative to the NDC and national working group  Identify schools for use as emergency shelter  Participate and support in disaster mitigation project activities

Civil Aviation  Provide a representative to the NDC, CCG and national working group  Establish procedures for the clearance of personnel during relief operations  Participate and support disaster mitigation projects

Ministry of Marine Resources and Fisheries  Provide a representative to the NDC and national working group

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Broadcasting Houses - Communications Fiji Ltd, etc  Provide a representative to the NDC and national working group  Support the national education and awareness campaigns through broadcasting of information

Customs and Quarantine  Develop and enforce procedures associated with the clearance of disaster relief supplies  Provide a representative to the NDC

Ministry of Finance  Provide a representative to the NDC and CCG  Manage the financial aspects of relief operations including the recording of donor contributions  Prepare a financial record of expenditure following major operations

Foreign Affairs  Provide a representative to the NDC and national working group  Participate and support disaster mitigation project activities  Contact point for donor countries/agencies

Ministry of Agriculture  Provide a representative to the NDC and national working group  Participate and support disaster mitigation project activities  Damage assessment teams

A. THE EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTERS

 At National Level – The NEOC

 At Divisional Level – The DivEOC

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 At District Level – The District EOC

There are constraints on the District level EOC such as staffing needs and the Heads of Departments (HODs) are required to man the EOC and assist with the Information/Media, Operations and Logistics and the Relief and Assessment Unit tasks. There are other positions such as the Plotter and Communications Officer that would have to be sorted out as well by the Coordinator.

Both structures are not defined in the National Disaster Plan but the roles of each Unit are explained in the context.

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FIJI DISASTER MANAGEMENT GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES - CONTACT LIST 2011.

MINISTRY/ORGANISATION NAME & DESIGNATION OFFICE NO. POSTAL ADDRESS MOBILE EMAIL ADDRESS FAX NO. NO.

National Disaster Mr. Pajiliai, DirectorNational Disaster 3313400 xtn. P. O. Box 2219, GB, 9995492 [email protected] 3319315 Management Office Management Office 106/3313361 Suva

Minister for Provincial Development& 1st Knolly St,Toorak 3307806 Disaster Management. P. O. Box 2353, GB Suva

Mr. Inia Seruratu, PS 3313400 P. O. Box 2219, Govt. 9905865 inia. [email protected] 3313035 ext:354100/354101 Bldgs, Suva - 3306249

Mr.Peni Ratumaitavuki, Deputy 3313400 ext 354120 [email protected] 3313035 Secretary Provincial Development

Mr. Sushil Sudahkar, Director 3313400 ext 152 9796739 [email protected] 3303256 Ministry of Provincial Development Services Development & National Mr. Meleti Bainimarama, Director 3313400 ext 190 99905606 [email protected] Disaster Management Coroporate Sevices

Commissioner Central Division Mr.Laisenia Tupou, Commissioner 3477000/3477660 9207979 3478633/34 Central DISMAC 77275 Operation:3544070

Laisenia [email protected]

CCD's PA, Ruci Tuinausori 3477454 [email protected]

DPO Central 3477454 ext 341004 P. O. Box 45, Nausori Joji.Satakala @govnet.gov.fj

Commissioner Eastern Division

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Col. Neumi Leweni, Commissioner 3318299 P. O. Box 15097, Suva 3312368 Eastern /3318280 (Operation Centre)

Neumi [email protected] Mukesh Chand , Divisional Secretary 3318299 Commissioner Western Division Mr. Joeli Cawaki, Commissioner 6660158/6664946 P. O. Box 64, Lautoka 9905909 [email protected] 6660779

Western DISMAC Operation : [email protected] 6260730

Mr Jovesa Vocea Divisional Planning Officer Western

Ms. Maria Osborne, Divisional 6660158 9246488 [email protected] Secretary Commissioner Northern Division

Mr. Ilai Moceica, Commisioner 8811322/8815059/ P. O. Box 46, Labasa 9316178 [email protected] 881341/881 Northern 8811005 3228 Divisional Secretary Northern - vacant 8503873 emergency response agencies Fiji Military Forces Strategic Headquarter 3313799/3382205 G. P. O. Box 102, 9905643 3313397 Suva

Major Naivalu 7308635 [email protected] Col. Mosese Tikoitoga 3385222 3370033 Col.Mohammed Asiz - Director Legal 3211676 9905793 Major Aisake Daulako 3313799 G.P.O Box 102, 9488319 Suva

Major Loanakadava - Logistics Cell 914 8564 [email protected] Fiji Navy Mr. John Fox - Commander Fiji Navy 3312397 P. O. Box 12387, 9905731 3314783 Suva Operations 3312803/3315380 [email protected] 3302695/33 14783

Samuela Cikaitoga 9905419 [email protected]

LCDR Humpphrey Tawake 3312397 9905858 [email protected] Fiji Police Force Brig. Iowane Naivalurua, 3343777 P. O. Box 239, 9905826 3343808 Commissioner of Police Suva

Director Operations - SSP Rusiate 3311222 [email protected]

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Tudravu Information Room 3300902 Military & Police Command Centre 3318529 National Fire Authority Mr. Josefa Gavidi (CEO - NFA) 3312877/3313317 P. O. Box 207, 9925879 [email protected] 3303348

Suva [email protected] Mr. Chief Fire Officer 3312877 9381355

GOVERNMENT OF FIJI - CONTACT LIST 2011.

MINISTRY/ORGANISATION NAME & DESIGNATION OFFICE NO. POSTAL ADDRESS MOBILE EMAIL ADDRESS FAX NO. NO.

Prime Minister's Office Mr. Pio Tikoduadua, Permanent 3211273 P. O. Box 114, 9905060 [email protected] 3302523 Secretary Suva

Ministry of Agriculture Colonel Mason Smith - PS Agriculture 3384233 PMB, Raiwaqa 9905395 [email protected] 3310679

Mr. Suliasi Tawake, A Deputy 3310367 PMB, Raiwaqa 9904540 [email protected] 3310679 Secretary[Agriculture Development

Mr. Keshwar Reddy,A/Deputy 3310670 PMB, Raiwaqa 9997343 [email protected] 3310679 Sectretary Co-operate Reources

Mr.Ropate Ligairi,Director Extension 9904548 [email protected] 3383426

Mr.Uraia Waibuta, Principal 3384233 [email protected] Agrivultural Officer Extension

Ministry of Education Dr.Brij Lal, Permanent Secretary 3314477 Private Mail Bag, [email protected] 3303511 Suva Mr. Apimeleki Qio, Building [email protected] Supervisor

Ministry of Finance Mr.Filimone Waqabaca, A/PS 3307011/3222102/3305452 P. O. Box 2212, 9905214 [email protected] 3308654 GB, Suva

Ministry of Foreign Affairs Mr. Solo Mara, PS 3309647 P. O. Box 2220, 9905247 [email protected] 3301741 & International GB, Suva Mrs Namita Khatin, Prinicpal 3309645 [email protected]

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Cooperation Economist Mr Sila Balawa, Chief Protocol Officer 9905242

Ministry of Health Dr. Salanieta Saketa, PS 3306177/3315633 P. O. Box 2223, [email protected] 3306163 GB, Suva Mrs. Unaisi Bera, National Advisor 3221453 [email protected] 3221434

Dr. Josaia Samuela Dr. Frances Mr Semi Matalomani [Emergency 3221528 ext 2436 9911465 Health Co-ordinator] / 7446136

Ministry of Home Affairs & Mr. Jale Fotofili, Permanent 3211303/3211210 P. O. Box 2349, 9905594 [email protected] 3317721 Immigration Secretary GB., Suva

Mr. Alifereti Naioko, Actg. Principal 3211621 9244789 [email protected] 3309871 Admin. Officer Security & Intelligence Unit

Ministry of Information, Ms Sharon Johns, PS 3301806 ext 104 P.O. Box 2225, 9905558 [email protected] 3304663 National Archives & Library GB, Suva services of Fiji

Ministry of Local Mrs. Taina Tagicakibau,Permanent 3304364 P. O. Box 2131, 9905229 [email protected] 3303515 Government & Urban Secretary GB, Suva Development Mr. Alec Fatiaki, Director Housing 3304364 xtn. 121/230 9943287 [email protected] 3303515 Mrs. Losana Talei Rokotuibai, 3305336 xtn. 100 P. O. Box 2350, 9906431 3304840 Director Town & Country Planning GB, Suva Ms. Nasra Khan, Actg, Senior Town 3305336 xtn. 103 9906474 Planner

Ministry of Women Mr Govin Sami PS 3312848 P.O Box 14068, 9905408 [email protected] 3303829 & Social Welfare GB, Suva

Mr. Anare Vuniwai, Senior Admin, 3318850 9436313 [email protected] 3303829

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Officer

Ministry of National Mr Pita Wise Permanent Secretary 3313411 P.O Box 2351, 9905240 [email protected] 3304802 Planning Mr. Krishna Prasad Deputy Secretary 3222315 Govt Buildings [email protected] Mr. Shiu Raj Singh [email protected]

Ms.Samantha Tawake [email protected]

FIJI GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES - CONTACT LIST 2011.

MINISTRY/ORGANISATION NAME & DESIGNATION OFFICE NO. POSTAL ADDRESS MOBILE EMAIL ADDRESS FAX NO. NO.

St. John Ambulance Mr. Taniela Colamoto General 3302584 P. O. Box 70, Suva 9906889 [email protected] 3304425 Secretary

Telecom Fiji Ltd Mr.Rohan , CEO 3304019 TFL, Ganilau [email protected] 3305595 House, PMB, Suva

Mr. Mesake Tunidau, Manager 3311444 [email protected] Network Engineering 3541230

Fiji Electricity Authority Mr. Hasmukh Patel - CEO 3313333/3224310 Private Mail Bag, 9999261 3311882 (FEA) Mr. John O'Connor 3313333/3224377 Suva 9999340 3311882

Airports Fiji Limited (AFL) Ratu Timoci Tuisawau, CEO 6725777 PMB, Nadi Airport 9906150 [email protected] 6725161

Mr. Luke Koroi, General Manager 6731458 9906102 [email protected] Airports Mr. Timoci Ravanua , Airport Manager 3479226 P. O. Box 30, 9906126 [email protected] 3499000 Nausori Nausori

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Fiji Islands Maritime Safety Ratu .Ilisoni Tuimabualau - Director 3314322 P. O. Box 2603, 9905631 [email protected] 3240054 Administration (FIMSA) Government Shipping GB, Suva

Fiji Islands Revenue Mr. Jitoko Tikolevu, Chief Executive 3303858 PMB Suva 9905262 [email protected] 3315537 Customs Authority (FIRCA) Officer

Fiji Meteorological Service Mr.Alipate Waqaicelua, Director 6724888 xtn: 5001/5002 PMB, NAP 351, [email protected] 6720430 (MET) Meteorology Nadi Airport

Fiji Procurement Office Ms. Millie Low, Director 3222400 P. O. Box 26, Suva 9904423 [email protected] 3301347

Lands Department Mr.Pene Balenaivalu, Director Lands 3211516/3211511 P. O. Box 2222, 9266651 [email protected] 3303841 GB, Suva

Mrs. Mereoni Buatoka, Senior Planner 3211460/3211512 [email protected]

Rashni Rita, Senior Anaylist 3313345 [email protected] Programmer

Bureau of Statistics Mr.Epeli Waqavonovono, Chief 3315822 P.O Box 2221, [email protected]

Statiscian Govt Bldgs, Suva

Fisheries Dept. Mr. Sanaila Naqali, Director Fisheries 3301611 P. O. Box 2218, [email protected] 3318769 GB Suva

Environment Mr. Jope Davetanivalu - Director of 3311699 xtn. 107 P.O. Box 2131, 9905366 [email protected] 3312879 Environment GB, Suva

Local Government Suva City & Lami Town Councils - Mr. 3313433 ext 555 P. O. Box 176, 9291566 [email protected] 3302158 Authorities Chandu Umaria , Special Administrator Suva

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Nausori & Levuka Town Councils Mr. 3477133 P. O. Box 72, 9707135 [email protected] 3400048 Napolioni Masirewa Nausori P. O. Box 70, Levuka

Nasinu Town Council - Mr. Meli 3393116 P. O. Box 6049, 9248304 [email protected] 3390269 Bogileka Valelevu

Sigatoka & Nadi Town Councils - Mr. 6700133/6500018/652076 P. O. Box 241, 9994252 [email protected] 6701202/65 Aisea Tuidraki 6 Nadi/P. O. Box 20231 118 Sigatoka

Lautoka City Council - Mr. Josefa R. 6660433 P. O. Box 124, 9925922 [email protected] 6663288 Vucago Lautoka Ba & Tavua Town Council - Mr. 6674277/6681010 P. O. Box 184, 9235041 6674684/66 Chandresh A. Prasad Ba/P. O. Box 532, 81051 Tavua

Labasa & Savusavu Town Councils - 8811066/8850261 P. O. Box 92, 9977830 [email protected] Mr. Vijay Chand Labasa/P. O. Box 201, Savusavu

Mineral Resources Dept. Mr. Malakai Finau- Acting Director 3381611/3387065 PMB, Suva 9904784 3370039 Mineral Development

Mr.. Sefanaia Seru- Senior Seismologist 3381611/3383910 9963920 [email protected]

Prisons Department Mr. iferemi Vasu, Commissioner of 3303512 xtn. P. O. Box 114, 9905687 ifereimi [email protected] 3302523 Prisons 101/104/3303920 Suva

Public Service Commission Mr Parmesh Chand, Permanent 3314588 xtn. 405/406 P. O. Box 2211, 9905408 [email protected] 3302379 Secretary GB, Suva MrJale Kunawalu, Manager Corporate 3314588 xtn. 289 [email protected] 3302570 Services

Tourism Mr. vacant, Deputy Secretary, 3316869 3316879 Tourism/Transport & CA Mr. Manoa Malani , Acting Director 3312788 P. O. Box 1260, 8689728 3302060 Tourism Suva

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Works & Public Utilities Mr.Francis Kean - A/ PS 3384111/3320648 PMB, Samabula 9905220 Francis [email protected] 3386799 Mr. Temo Veitokiyaki Acting Director 3389609 9905285 3385626 Water And Sewerage

Mr. Apisai Ketenalagi- Director Roads 3389609 /3389649 9905389 [email protected] 3380144

Mr.Sisaro Tupou - Government 3389612 9905406 [email protected] 3370108 Architects 3384111 / 3383102 Mr. - Hydrologist 3343451/3343252 9310685 3320313 3321982

Mr. Peceli Ravasua (Divisional Engineer 6660563 7052400 [email protected] 6651958 Water Western)

1.3.7.2. Humanitarian Community

HUMANITARIAN COMMUNITY KEY AGENCIES EMERGENCY CONTACT LIST 2011.

MINISTRY/ORGANISATION NAME & DESIGNATION OFFICE NO. POSTAL MOBILE EMAIL ADDRESS FAX NO. ADDRESS NO.

ADRA Fiji Youth Project Mr. Savenaca Cavalevu , Country 3364150 P.O Box 18236, 9326649 [email protected] Director [AFYP] Suva

Asian Development Bank Mr. Andrian Ruthan Burgan , 3318102 Lvl, 5 Ramarama [email protected] 3318074 (ADB) Regional Director South Pacific House, PMB, Subregional Office (SPSO), ADB Suva

Australian High H.E. Ms Judith Robbinson 3382211 G. P. O. Box 214. 9924475 [email protected] 3382695 Commission 37 Princes Rd, Mr Tu Tangi - Program Manager 3388354 Tamavua 9977503 [email protected] [DRR and Water Sanitation]

European Union Delegation H. E. Mr. Wiepke Van Der Goot 3313633 PMB, GPO Suva [email protected] for the Pacific Head of Europen Commission

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French Embassy H. E. Mr. Jean-Francois Bouffandeau 3312233 3301894 (Ambassador) Pascal DAYEZ-BURGEON - 3312233 PMB, Suva pascal.dayez- 3301894

Counsellor for Cooperation) [email protected]

Fiji Red Cross Society Christopher Ho - Operations 3314133 xtn: GPO Box 569, [email protected] 3303818 101/3305258 Suva

Keith Andrews - Logistics 3314133 xtn: 105 [email protected]

New Zealand High Peter Lunt (Deputy High 3311041 10th Flr, RBF 9920835 [email protected] 3300842 Commission Commissioner) Bldg

Richard Dirks (Bilaterial Aid 3311057 9921200 [email protected] Manager) 24 Hr Duty Phone 9921956 Satellite Phone (1) 881641430361

Satellite Phone (2) 872762397594 Radio Frequency 454/460 750 MHZ

Secretariat of the Pacific Mr. Aleki Sisifa, Deputy Director 3370733 PMB, Suva 3370021 Community (SPC) General

South Pacific Applied Mr. Russel Howard, Director SOPAC 3381377/3381139 Private Mail Bag, [email protected] 3370040 Geoscience Commission Suva. (SOPAC)

Mr. Mosese Sikivou - Manager 3381377 9226405 [email protected]/ 3370040

Community Risk [email protected]

Mrs. Kathryn Hawley 3387101/3381377 xtn. P. O. Box 15980, 9922955 [email protected] 3382722 254 Suva

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Mr Noa Tokavou 3381377 9961774 [email protected]

Pacific Islands Forum Mr.Tuiloma Slade , Secretary 3312600 GPO Box 856, Rt. [email protected] 3302204 Secretariat General Sukuna Rd, Suva

Partners in Community Mrs. Tevita Ravumaidama, 3300392 xtn. 106 P. O. Box 14447, [email protected] 3304315 Development Fiji (PCDF) Executive Director Suva

Ms. Pua Karikaritu, Assistant Project 3300392 xtn. 102 9247609 [email protected] Officer

Pacifc Community-focused Mr. Anthony Blake, Project 3100335 P.O Box 15814, 9951401 [email protected] 3319315

Intergrated Disaster Risk Managager Fiji Suva, Fiji Islands [email protected] Reduction Mr. Manu Korotuinakelo ( Project 9925192 Project- PCIDRR Field Co-ordinator)

People's Republic of China H. E. Dr.Han Zhiqiang (Ambassador 3300215/3301833 PMB, Suva [email protected] 330950 Extraordinary & Plenipotentiary

UNDP Mr. Knut Otsby - UN Resident 3312500 PMB, Suva 3301718 Coordinator & UNDP Res. Rep

Miss. Raijeli Powell HR Associate 3312500 [email protected] 3301718

Mr. Michael Lal, Operations 3312500 [email protected] 3301718 Manager

United Nations Children's Ms. Isiye Ndombi Res. Rep United 3300439 PMB, Suva 9925427 [email protected] 3301667 Fund (UNICEF) Nations Children's Fund

Ms. Dijana Duric 3300439 xtn PMB, Suva 9928364 [email protected] 3301667

United Nations Population Dr. Anette Robertson - Director 3308022 PMB, Suva [email protected] 3312785 Fund (UNFPA) Pacific Sub Regional Office and

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UNFPA Rep

United Nations Office for Mr. Peter Muller Regional Advisor 3316760/3316761 UNDP, Private 9991664 [email protected] 3309762 the Coordination of Mail Bag, Suva Humanitarian Affairs Marie Yee, Admin Programme 3316760 [email protected] (UNOCHA) Assistant

World Health Organisation Mr. Chen Ken - WHO 3304600 P.O Box 113, 9920296 [email protected] 3300462 (WHO) Representative in the South Pacific Suva

Fiji Council of Social Mr. Hassan Khan - Director 3312649 P. O. Box 13476, 9306274 [email protected] 3302936 Services (FCOSS) Suva

International Federation of Ms. Ysabeau Ryckx, Disaster 3311855/3398904 P. O. Box 2507, 9992487 [email protected] 3311406 the Red Cross (IFRC) Management GB, Suva Mr. David O'Meara, Shelter 3311408

See in annex a Who/What/Where with Logistics capacities overview.

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1.4. National Regulatory Departments

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Civil Aviation Authority of Fiji Title: Tel:(679) 672 1555 (CAAFI) Email:[email protected] Fax:(679) 672 1500

Web: http://www.caafi.org.fj Summary of Role and Services Retained the technical regulatory functions of the aviation industry to comply with National and International standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) Standards and Recommended Practices. Its functions also includes the registration of aircraft; safety of air navigation and aircraft ; control of air traffic; certification of aircraft and operators; licensing of aircrew and airports.

Ministry / Department / Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Ministry of Health P.O.Box 2223, Name: Government Buildings, Title: Tel: (679) 3306177 Suva, Fiji Email: [email protected] Fax: (679) 330 6163 Dinem House, Toorak, Suva Web: www. health.gov.fj

Summary of Role and Services

Medical Council

Address: Box 18914, Suva Phone: 3303647 Fax: 3304201 [email protected]

Ministry / Department / Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: The Biosecurity Authority of Fiji Title: Tel: (679) 331 2512 (BAF) Email: [email protected] Fax: (679) 330 5043 Web: http://www.biosecurityfiji.com/ Summary of Role and Services

The Biosecurity Authority of Fiji (BAF) was established under the Biosecurity Promulgation in December 2008. It is a Commercial Statutory Authority under the Public Enterprise Act 1996. BAF is mandated to protect Fiji’s agricultural sector from the introduction and spread of animal and plant pests and diseases, facilitate access to viable agro-export markets and ensure compliance of Fiji’s agro-exports to overseas market requirements.

BAF manages quarantine controls at our borders to minimise the risk of exotic pests and diseases entering the country. It also provides import and export inspection and certification to help retain Fiji’s favorable animal, plant and human health status and wide access to overseas export markets.

Ministry / Department / Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Ms VUNIWAQA Mereseini Telecommunication Authority of Rakuita Mobile: +679 990 5200 Fiji Title: State Sollicitor Tel: +679 330 9866 Victoria Parade – Suva – Fiji Email: Fax: +679 330 5421 Web: Summary of Role and Services

The Telecommunications Authority of Fiji (TAF) is the regulatory authority for all telecommunications matters and has the following functions -  to implement the telecommunications policy in accordance with its powers under the Promulgation;  to assist through mediation the resolution of disputes between licensees or between licensees and

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consumers;  to manage State assets through allocating, assigning and supervising the use of radio spectrum and frequencies;  to manage State assets through allocating, assigning and supervising the use of numbering;  to promote investor confidence relating to telecommunications;  to protect consumer interests and promote consumer awareness relating to telecommunications;  to represent the Government in regional and international organisations and obligations, when the Minister has officially delegated such tasks to the Authority; and  to perform any other functions assigned to under the Promulgation or any other written law

“State assets” refers to radio frequency spectrum or the national telephone numbering system and includes any other telecommunication assets prescribed under the Promulgation.

Ministry / Department / Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax

Fiji Islands Maritime Safety Administration Name: FIMSA House, Amra Street, Title: Tel: (679) 3315 266 Walubay, Suva Email: Fax: (679) 3303 251, (679) 3313 127 P O Box 326, Suva, Fiji Islands Web:

Summary of Role and Services

The Fiji Islands Maritime Safety Administration (FIMSA) regulates the shipping industry, covering surveys, inspections, classification and certification of vessels, port state control, monitoring of shipping within national waters, and regulation of interisland shipping. In March 2006, FIMSA was reorganized as a result of reform of Fiji Islands’ ports and to ensure port compliance with the requirements of the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code. FIMSA, consequently, took over the regulatory activities of the Maritime and Ports Authority of Fiji Islands.

FIMSA Divisions

Hydrographic Regulation and Rulemaking Seafarers & Assessment Ship Inspection Marine Pollution Port State Control Shipping Office

Hydrographic

The role of the Fiji Hydrographic Service is to improve navigational safety by surveying Fiji's Exclusive Economic Zone to modern day standards and improving nautical charting. It is also the focal point of contact to the International Hydrographic Organisation and the National Authority on Hydrographic matters with respect to nautical charting. Information provided by the service is utilized by Government Departments, the general public, mercantile marine and maritime managers.

Regulations and Rule Making

The Division acts as the enforcement unit providing checks on ships arriving and departing our local ports. Its staffs are based around our main jetties, wharves throughout Fiji, monitoring shipping movements and conducting vessel checks. The Unit also provides support, improvements and advice on maritime legal matters for the Administration.

Seafarers & Assessment

The Division's main role is to conduct assessment and examination for seafarers (Deck and Engineering Officers) leading to the issuance of marine qualification to serve as masters, deck and engineering officers and ratings for our local and foreign going ships. It also confirms minimum manning requirements for our local registered ships. The Unit also conducts audit and approval of maritime training providers to conduct maritime training programs/courses.

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Ship Inspection

The division administers, supervises and coordinates regular inspection on all Fiji Registered ships ranging from RORO ferries, fishing vessels, inter-island ships, tourist boats and other form of commercial marine mode of transport. This serves as a means to ensure high standard of safety is maintained by vessels at all times. It attends to initial periodic survey on Fiji Flag vessels and conducts inspections with or on behalf of other Flag State or recognized Classification Societies.

Marine Pollution

The Unit oversees the preservation of our marine environment and it's protection, which includes Fiji waters, reefs, coastlines, beaches and seafront protection. Fiji's waterfront and its marine ecosystem are very fragile and its preservation is very important to Fiji. FIMSA sees that the protection of our coastal is paramount. The Unit provides environmental awareness inline with national, regional and international environmental agencies. The Investigation Unit's main objective is to conduct investigation on maritime incidents and accidents involving Fiji registered ships or ships that encounter accident while in Fiji Waters. It serves as a means to improve safety for all those who work or travel by ships. The Investigation findings, which lead to recommendations, aimed at preventing future type of accidents.

Port State Control

Under the Asia/Pacific regional banner of the Tokyo MOU FIMSA ensures that ships entering our ports maintain high standards of safety complying to international standards. This is done by carrying out regular port state inspections on foreign ships visiting Suva and Lautoka, our main ports of entry.

Shipping Office

The Section administers and coordinates all documentation for ship surveys, ship registration, seafarers training and certification. Maintain a register of crew services and records of marine qualification. The section provides support staff to all Technical Officers in the administration and it facilitates the Fiji Marine Board administrative role.

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1.5. Customs Information

1.5.1. Duties and Taxes Exemption

Multinational conventions

Fiji has ratified both the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations and the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies.

Whilst Fiji is a member of the World Customs Organisation, it is not party to the various Conventions and Annexes relevant to international disaster response such as the Convention on Temporary Admission (Istanbul Convention) or the International Convention on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures (Kyoto Convention).

Fiji is not a signatory to the Tampere Convention on the Provision of Telecommunication Resources for Disaster Mitigation and Relief Operations, nor has it has ratified or acceded to the Framework Convention on Civil Defence Assistance.

In 1948, Fiji was included as part of a territorial application in an agreement to waive the duties on relief goods provided by the United States of America9, along with 14 other British territories.

1.5.2. Legal status agreements with international organisations

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Fiji has entered into a number of standard agreements with the United Nations and its agencies for the provision of technical assistance or to establish in-country offices as well as specific agreements with UNICEF and UNDP. Fiji has also concluded a legal status agreement with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. These agreements make various provisions for the recognition and legal status of the organisation in the country and grant certain privileges and immunities relating to property and personnel in accordance with the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations and the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialized Agencies.

A) Emergency Response:

Agreements / Conventions Description Ratified by Country? WCO (World Customs Organization) member Yes Annex J-5 Revised Kyoto Convention No OCHA Model Agreement No Tampere Convention (on the Provision of Telecommunication Resources for No Disaster Mitigation and Relief Operations) FRANZ Agreement of 1992. Regional Agreements (on emergency/disaster response, but also customs Although Fiji is not a signatory to unions, regional integration) the agreement, it is a beneficiary

B) Exemption Regular Regime (Non-Emergency Response):

In the absence of special arrangements with the Government of Fiji on customs and tax exemptions, import and export policy is made by the Department of Commerce and Industry, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Imports may trigger tariff measures, import restrictions and quota arrangements. In the case of disaster relief, no prohibition or restrictions appear in the customs requirements for NGOs to import or export relief goods.

National Customs Legislation and Regime (provide a brief summary and list available resource documents)

Section 10(1-3) of the Customs Tariff (Amendment) Act of 2010 provides:

1. The Minister may after receiving recommendation to do so from the Controller and subject to such conditions as the Minister may consider necessary, reduce or refund the whole of part of fiscal duty paid or payable by a person or organisation in respect of goods imported into Fiji, if the Minister is satisfied that - a. The goods being imported or being imported as a relief in the event of a disaster declared by the Government as a national disaster; b. The importer of the goods is a person or organisation covered under any International Agreement or Convention between the respective Governments or Parties; c. The importer of the goods is a registered religious or charitable organisation and that any reduction or refund of such duty is, in the circumstances, justifiable having regard to the purpose for which the organisation was established; d. The reduction or refund of fiscal duty will contribute an identifiable benefit to the country.

2. Unless otherwise indicated by the Minister, the reduction or refund approved under Sec. (1)(d) shall remain in force for a period of 12 months after approval. 3. For the purposes of subsection (1)(d), the applicant for a concession must:  make application in writing to the Controller;  set out in the application the detail of the concession sought and its fiscal duty value; and  outline the benefit to the country that the concession sought and its fiscal duty value.

As a result, any organisation that has been certified as a charitable organisation, religious organisation or IO may apply to the Controller for a reduction or removal of customs duty. As long as the applicant can detail the concession sought, its value, and demonstrate a benefit to the country, customs duties will not be imposed.

Export of disaster relief goods will generally not trigger export taxes. Export taxes are generally imposed upon manufactured goods under an export-licensing scheme.

In the case of the importation of medicine, the Ministry of Health representative stated that medicines that may be required for disaster response and relief cannot be imported into Fiji without previous consultation with the World Health Organisation, which makes a determination of the medicines required and coordinates their shipment. So, while there may not be customs restrictions on the importation of medicine, there is a different consultation, screening and logistics process that must be followed prior to importation of medicines.

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Organizational Requirements to obtain Duty Free Status

Most international disaster response activities are primarily conducted through Diplomatic Missions, international organisations (IOs) or NGOs, which are the subject of different legal status, privileges, immunities and obligations.

United Nations Agencies

Permanent delegations of international organisations are treated in a similar way to those of Governments. Under the Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities Act, organisations which receive a Ministerial declaration stating that it is an “organization of which two or more States or the Governments thereof are members,” are recognised as being an international organisation with corporate legal status. As such they are entitled to benefit from the privileges and immunities outlined in the various schedules of the Act, as described above.

According to the Government of Fiji, there are currently thirteen international and regional organizations accredited to Fiji. These organizations include: UNDP UN Disaster Management Programme UN Population Fund UN Children’s Fund International Labour Organization World Health Organization Food and Agricultural Organisation Pacific Island Forum Secretariat Secretariat of the Pacific Community SOPAC South Pacific Tourism Organisation International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies International Committee of the Red Cross

Interestingly, at least in the case of the last two organisations, they are not governmental organisations and therefore would not meet the criteria of having one or more government members as required by the Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities Act. However, they have concluded their own legal status agreements with the Government of Fiji, for example the agreement with the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, which contains the same or similar privileges, immunities and facilities as are found in the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the Specialised Agencies. Similarly, the various UN bodies also benefit from the agreements established soon after Fiji became a member of the United Nations.

NGOs The NDMA specifically recognizes that NGOs have a role to play in Fiji’s national relief effort. Legally, NGOs are considered corporate bodies under Fiji law, and are usually registered in accordance with the Charitable Trusts Act or Religious Bodies Registration Act. To register as a charitable trust, an organization must have a mission consistent with one of four “charitable purposes”, which includes “[t]he relief of distress caused by any disaster affecting the whole or any part of the community”. That certificate registers the trustees of the charity as a corporate body and therefore entitles the board of trustees to various property and contractual rights. Religious NGOs can also potentially register through the Charitable Trusts Act provided they meet the relevant criteria, but they can also register in accordance with the Religious Bodies Registration Act, which similarly enables them, through their trustees, to have recognized legal status and hold land. Registration must be made by the head of the organisation and at least two ministers or priests resident in Fiji (or if there are no ministers or priests in Fiji, then by two members), and these persons are recognised as the legal trustees of the organisation. Notably absent in the list of criteria for a charitable trust is the furtherance of political aims. In fact, the Government of Fiji has deregistered one charitable trust since 2000 because of its political stance and has stated that it will review the Charitable Trusts Act and the Religious Bodies Registration Act in the Law Reform Council for future amendment. Although the measures outlined above are primarily intended for NGOs seeking to set up permanently in Fiji, it appears that the same requirements would also apply to NGOs only wishing to enter Fiji on a temporary basis for a specific emergency operation. However, in personal interviews with Fiji officials, there was a general belief that in the event of a large natural disaster, some or all of the requirements for temporary delegations could be waived upon application to the appropriate Ministers.

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C) Exemption Certificate Application Procedure:

Duties and Taxes Exemption Application Procedure Generalities

Tax exemption is offered on humanitarian cargo. The Fiji Government stipulates that the goods are to be distributed freely to hospital and persons in need of support. Registered charitable and religious organisations are offered this exemption.

Process to be followed

Agencies need to contact the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Provincial Development and Disaster Management

D) Exemption Certificate Document Requirements

Duties and Taxes Exemption Certificate Document Requirements (by commodity)

NFI Vehicles Staff Telecoms Food (Shelter, WaSH, Medicines & & Office Equipment Education) Spare Parts Supplies

- Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes Invoice - Original - Original - Original - Original - Original - Original - Bill of lading - Bill of lading - Bill of lading - Bill of lading - Bill of lading - Bill of lading AWB/BL/Other - Certificate of - Certificate of - Certificate of - Certificate of - Certificate of - Certificate of Transport Origin Origin Origin Origin Origin Origin Documents - Cargo - Cargo - Cargo - Cargo - Cargo - Cargo Manifesto Manifesto Manifesto Manifesto Manifesto Manifesto Donation/Non- - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes Commercial Original Original Original Original Original Original Certificates ------Packing - Packing - Packing - Packing - Packing - Packing list/container list/container list/container list/container list/container list/container Packing Lists list, list, list, list, list, list, - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Original - Original - Original - Original - Original - Original Other - - - - Documents Additional Notes Prohibited Goods Items that are prohibited entry into Fiji are specified in the Customs and Tariff Laws of Fiji. For more information on food, toy and literature items that are prohibited for cultural reasons, contact the Fiji Island Customs Service.

Pre-Shipment Application There is no need for pre-shipment application.

Monetary Valuation Customs require monetary valuation for the shipment on an item by item basis. No currency preference is specified.

Restrictions Used items must be fumigated and contain a fumigation certificate. All food items must comply with the Provisions of Pure Food Act.

1.5.3. Customs Clearance

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There appear to be no restrictions on the transport and transit of personnel and/or relief goods and equipment related to disaster relief into and around Fiji by NGOs, IOs and Diplomatic Missions. Under the Fiji Fundamental Rights and Freedoms Decree No. 7 of 2000, citizens and non-residents have access to all parts of the country without restriction, however there are limited exceptions that are based upon the exigencies of public safety and emergencies.

As noted previously, IOs and Diplomatic Missions are able to directly import goods that are used for official missions and are exempt most from prohibitions and restrictions. However, there does not appear to be any statutory authority that gives priority to disaster relief organisations that may need to purchase and/or utilize equipment already in-country.

Government personnel state that assistance will be provided to groups involved in disaster relief.

There is no legal restriction on those who may engage in shipping or who may use a shipping service or ferry. Regular commercial shipping is limited to the main routes and shipment to the outer islands is on an intermittent basis. However, there has been an increase in the number of private commercial ferry operators, and this has pushed commercial shipping rates down prompting claims from the shipping industry that the Government should regulate the number of ships and/or the prices of carriage.

Customs Information  bill of lading/airway bill  commercial invoice Document  packing list Requirements  fumigation certificate for used items  deed of donation

1.5.3.1. Pre-Shipment Application There is no need for pre-shipment application. Application & Valuation 1.5.3.2. Monetary Valuation Customs require monetary valuation for the shipment on an item by item basis. No currency preference is specified.

Items that are prohibited entry into Fiji are specified in the Customs and Tariff Laws of Fiji. For more information on food, toy and literature items that are prohibited for cultural reasons, Prohibited Items contact the Fiji Island Customs Service.

Used items must be fumigated and contain a fumigation certificate. All food items must comply General with the Provisions of Pure Food Act. Restrictions

Customs Clearance Document Requirements

Duties and Taxes Exemption Certificate Document Requirements (by commodity)

NFI Vehicles Staff Telecoms Food (Shelter, WaSH, Medicines & & Office Equipment Education) Spare Parts Supplies

- Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes Invoice - Original - Original - Original - Original - Original - Original - Bill of lading - Bill of lading - Bill of lading - Bill of lading - Bill of lading - Bill of lading AWB/BL/Other - Certificate of - Certificate of - Certificate of - Certificate of - Certificate of - Certificate of Transport Origin Origin Origin Origin Origin Origin Documents - Cargo - Cargo - Cargo - Cargo - Cargo - Cargo Manifesto Manifesto Manifesto Manifesto Manifesto Manifesto Donation/Non- - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes Commercial Original Original Original Original Original Original Certificates ------

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- Packing - Packing - Packing - Packing - Packing - Packing list/container list/container list/container list/container list/container list/container Packing Lists list, list, list, list, list, list, - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Yes - Original - Original - Original - Original - Original - Original Other - - - - Documents Additional Notes

1.5.3.3. Prohibited Goods Items that are prohibited entry into Fiji are specified in the Customs and Tariff Laws of Fiji. For more information on food, toy and literature items that are prohibited for cultural reasons, contact the Fiji Island Customs Service.

1.5.3.4. Pre-Shipment Application There is no need for pre-shipment application.

1.5.3.5. Monetary Valuation Customs require monetary valuation for the shipment on an item by item basis. No currency preference is specified.

1.5.3.6. Restrictions Used items must be fumigated and contain a fumigation certificate. All food items must comply with the Provisions of Pure Food Act.

1.5.4. Weight and Value Band

Value & Weight Band Information Class Value (local currency) Value (US$) Weight (kgs) Document Non-Doc HV

1.5.5. Transit Regime

Transit Regime

In the absence of special arrangements with the Government of Fiji on customs and tax exemptions, import and export policy is made by the Department of Commerce and Industry, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Imports may trigger tariff measures, import restrictions and quota arrangements. In the case of disaster relief, no prohibition or restrictions appear in the customs requirements for NGOs to import or export relief goods.

It is important to mention that PICs governments are used to assist each others and will not hesitate facilitating transit or export of relief goods and shipments.

Focal Points Information

Humanitarian Organization’s Customs Focal Point Organization United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Name Mr Knut Ostby Title United Nations Resident Coordinator & UNDP Representative Level 8, Kadavu House, Victoria Parade Address Private Mail Bag, Suva, Fiji Islands Telephone Number +679 331 2500

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Fax Number +679 330 1718 Telex Telegram Email [email protected] Web http://www.undp.org.fj Languages of correspondence EN

Customs Authority Focal Point Governmental Body Fiji Islands Revenue Customs Authority (FIRCA) Name (if available) Mr. Jitoko Tikolevu Title Chief Executive Officer Address PMB Suva Telephone Number 3303858 Fax 3315537 Mobile Number 9905262 Telex Telegram Email [email protected] Web Language(s) Correspondence

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Customs Information by Entry Points (port, lake/river, airport, overland entry points)

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Back to Top of Chapter or back to Table of Contents

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2. Logistics Infrastructure

The Fiji Islands has a well-developed infrastructure with sealed roads linking the main cities and towns on Viti Levu, including Suva, Nadi and Lautoka. The international airport, located in Nadi, is linked by the 184km Suva-Nadi highway. Air and sea are the key mode of transport, while regular busses, trucks, taxis and hired cars are servicing companies and populations in the cities and towns.

Over the past 10 years, Fiji is engaged in a corporatization and commercialization process of key infrastructure service sectors, including ports, telecommunications, and electricity.  International ports operations have greatly improved since corporatization was completed in the late 1990s.  Fiji is opening markets especially in the critical sectors of aviation and communications.  The same cannot be said for other critical sectors, including roads maintenance, water supply and sewerage, government buildings maintenance, and government shipping services.

The Fiji Islands are serviced regularly by major airlines including Qantas, Air New Zealand, Canadian Pacific, Korean Airlines, Solomon Airlines, Air Caledonia International, Air Marshall Islands, Our Airline, Air Niugini and Air Vanuatu. There are scheduled internal air service and regular daily flights between Nadi International Airport and Suva.

Air Pacific, the Fiji Islands’ national airline, has progressively grown as an international airline. Airfreight services, air cargo and air courier, are available on all aircraft operating out of Nadi airport.

Suva and Lautoka on the Main Island, and Savusavu and Levuka on other islands are the four ports of entry. All customs, immigration and quarantine facilities are provided. Other ports and deep-water anchorages are at Malau and Vuda Point. The Suva port provides pilotage, safe anchorage, deep berths (capable of handling vessels of over 40,000 tonnes), stevedoring, general cargo handling, cargo/container storage including freezer and cooler, loose cargo warehousing, fumigation, incineration and weighbridge facilities.

Lautoka is the second-largest port of entry and is located in the north of the main island and handles the bulk of the Fiji Islands’ sugar and timber exports. This port is the base for local cruise vessels servicing offshore holiday resorts. Other port facilities include a number of privately owned terminals for the handling of petroleum, gas, bulk sugar, molasses and wood chips. There is also a fishing port that services the requirements of local fishermen.

There are numerous shipping companies servicing Fiji Islands’ ports on a frequent basis from one to three times a month.

Direct sea-freight connections are available to most of the Pacific Islands ports, New Zealand, Australia, Japan and the west coast of the United States.

The Fiji Islands is the hub of the Pacific Islands’ telecommunications network and the focal point of regional business activity. Telecom Fiji provides telephone, telex, radio telephone, facsimile, voice mail, paging, Internet, data services, ISDN and videoconferencing services. Fiji International Telecommunications Limited (FINTEL) is the international telecommunications carrier offering international voice, data, internet and video services.

The country is well serviced by commercial banks, specialist finance providers, accountants, lawyers and other service companies.

The government has developed a number of industrial areas at various locations on the two main islands for companies to lease or build factories, such as the Kalabo Tax Free Zone managed by the Fiji Trade and Investment Board. There are also warehouses and factory buildings available for lease from private owners in the main urban areas of the country. Seventy percent of the population has access to clean piped water with 32 major regional water supply schemes. Electricity is accessible to all areas declared boundaries of cities, towns and townships. This accounts for more than 70% of the population. Electricity is available to all main centers at 240 volts, 50 cycles A.C.

Fiji is the “hub of the Pacific” and is also a strategic transshipment hub for cargoes traded between the Pacific Island States (PIC’s). In contrast to international shipping services, domestic shipping operations are in a parlous state. Coastal and inter island shipping services are generally operated by Government or by very small, independent shipping companies. There are some ports in Fiji, but the main ports are Suva and Lautoka. Other ports and deep-water anchorages that are frequently used are at Levuka, Wairiki and Malau, Savusavu and Vuda Point. All customs, immigration, and quarantine facilities are provided by the government. Approximately 90% of the country’s import and export trade occurs through the two ports of Suva and Lautoka.

2.1. Port Assessment

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Fiji's Government through its respective departments and statutory organisations Government Shipping Services (GSS), Fiji Maritime Safety Administration (FIMSA), Fiji Ports Corporation Limited (FPCL), Fiji Shipping Corporation Limited (FSCL) and other operators consult regularly to ensure a safe, reliable, efficient, cost effective and environmentally friendly maritime transport system is in place to cater for our maritime communities.

Fiji being the “hub of the Pacific” is also a strategic transshipment hub for cargoes traded between the Pacific Island States (PIC’s). In international shipping services, a bulk of general cargo imports and exports are carried in containers along the major shipping routes connecting Pacific Island Countries such as Asia and around the world routes; North American routes; European routes and Australia/ New Zealand routes. Since the market is contestable, it is likely that any abuse of monopoly power would be transient. Freight rates are relatively high in comparison to world standards but economies of scale within PIC’s are generally low.

Fiji in its part as a responsible Pacific Island State has been actively involved in the review of the Pacific Forum Line and its services to the South Pacific region. Fiji is currently involved in preparations for the Rotuma Port of Entry Project to facilitate trade within Tuvalu and later on with Kiribati and other Small Island States in the Central Pacific.

In contrast to international shipping services, domestic shipping operations are in a parlous state. Coastal and inter island shipping services are generally operated by Government or by very small, independent shipping companies. The provision for adequate, efficient and reliable domestic shipping services is one of most difficult, perplexing challenges. In many cases, services of the quality expected by residents of remote islands are not commercially viable. Nevertheless, delivery of these services is a political, social and arguably an economic imperative.

As a result of continuous consultation within the transport sector and the outcomes of the Government initiated National Transport Consultative Forum, the shipping freight rates and the domestic shipping franchise scheme have been under review lately. This is with the intention to improve shipping services on both economical and uneconomical routes. Government also constructs and maintains new and existing jetties to take heed of the demand from those living in the outer islands.

Expansion of international cargo shipping services is largely determined by the export-import market and the current trend will be economically viable once it is reversed.

Ports of Entry

There are five ports of entry into Fiji, namely: Suva, Lautoka, Levuka, Wairiki and Malau. Nevertheless, only Suva and Lautoka concentrate 90% of the operations, Other ports and deep-water anchorages that are frequently used are at Savusavu and Vuda Point. All customs, immigration, and quarantine facilities are provided.

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Ports Sector Structure

Over the past ten years, the ports sector in Fiji has undergone institutional reform.

The Fiji Ports Corporation Limited (FPCL), a government-owned corporation operating semi-autonomously under the Ministry of Transport and Tourism, is responsible for administration of the “major” ports— declared as Suva, Lautoka, Labasa/Malau, and Levuka. Other ports remain under the Ministry’s control, with FIMSA continuing to provide navigational and safety overview.

Operations and maintenance at the ports owned by FPCL are handled by Ports Terminals Limited (PTL). PTL also carries out stevedoring at all major ports. Previously a 100% government-owned operation, PTL is now a 100% subsidiary of FPCL and is managed and operated by FPCL.

Other marine services comprising towage, launches, and lines work are tendered on a 3-year basis, and pilotage is offered by both FPCL and a private operator.

FPCL’s and PTL’s operations are fully integrated and computerized and achieve international best-practice standards of throughput (20 containers / hour).

The FPCL manages four ports: Suva, Lautoka, Labasa, and Levuka. All are profitable except for Levuka which is cross- subsidized by the others.

Minor ports in the small outer islands of Fiji are operated by the (non-corporatized) Department of Public Works. These operate at a substantial loss

Ports Sector Organization

The ports of commercial significance are on three separate islands. Suva, Lautoka, and Vuda are on the main island of Viti Levu. Suva is on the southeast of the island and Lautoka is on the west. These are the main ports involved in a broad range of international trade, with Suva handling the best part of export and import cargo. Vuda, which is near Nadi International Airport, specializes in liquid bulk cargo—particularly oil products—but also handles gas imports. Labasa and Malau, specializing in exports of sugar and forestry products, are on the north coast of Vanua Levu Island, and Savusavu—a major hub for interisland services from Suva—is on its south coast. Levuka specializes in fisheries exports

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Container throughput in the major ports increased significantly during the 2000–2004 period. Exports of full container load (FCL) containers rose to 46%. Imports of FCL containers grew by 21%. Twenty-foot containers accounted for 91% of exports and 87% of imports. The balance, in both cases, was 40-foot containers.

Port charges in Suva are high compared with charges in a representative sample of Pacific ports. FPCL sets the tariffs for all the major ports. Its subsidiary, PTL, negotiates and sets stevedoring rates with port users. Port Authority dues must be paid by any vessel entering a Fiji Islands port. Overseas vessels pay $0.27 for each 100 gross registered tons (GRTs) or part thereof of the vessel for each entry into port. An environment charge of $2.40 per 100 GRTs (or part thereof) is also charged all international vessels. Domestic ships pay $2.40 per GRT per year. Anchorage charges are levied at the rate of $2.70 per 100 GRTs or part thereof for each period of 30 days a vessel remains in port. Dockage dues are paid by overseas vessels berthing at a wharf owned by FPCL at the rate of $1.08 per 100 GRT per hour. Wharfage charge is paid by the vessel owner (65%) and the shipper or consignee (35%) based on the tonnage of goods loaded or discharged.

Charges range from $6 for an empty container to $30/TEU for a full container. Towage charges range from $180 to $900, depending on the vessel’s GRT. All vessels entering or leaving an FCPL port must use a pilot. The ports offer pilotage services, but a private company offers competing services at Suva.

FPCL plans to build a major new container and multipurpose port facility at Rokobili—within Suva Bay but outside the present port limits— once operational space at Kings Wharf becomes restrictive, estimated to be within 10–12 years.

Ports Sector Services

Cargo Handling and Stevedoring Services The Ports Authority provides handling and stevedoring services at the ports of Suva and Lautoka. Shipping agents are required to submit shipping information i.e. vessels, Expected Time of Arrival (ETA), Draft, Gross Registered Tonnage of a vessel (GRT), cargo for loading or discharge and number of labour gangs required. Other statutory documents needed are the International Maritime Organization (IMO) number as well as the International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS) certificate.

Containerization Fiji has kept pace with the development of container traffic. Container ships generally calling into Fiji are self-sustaining types and provide the necessary heavy equipment for discharge of the containers. The upgraded container yard in the Port of Suva has facilitated container storage and greatly improved manpower efficiency.

Storage The storage facilities at Ports of Suva and Lautoka cater for transit, warehouse and cold storage goods as well as general storage. The Port of Suva currently has 6 storage sheds providing 6,100 square metres of storage area, whereas Lautoka Wharf has 2 sheds providing 4,020 square metres of storage area. However provisions are also made for open yard storage depending on the nature of the cargoes. There are facilities for transhipment cargo, at Suva and Lautoka, Inland Freight stations are operated to supplement the port storage space and facilitate the removal of un-cleared cargo from the wharves.

Equipment A fleet of cargo handling equipment comprising heavy duty forklift trucks, tractors, mobile cranes, trailers etc, is owned and operated by FPCL for cargo handling in the ports.

Cargo Types All types of cargo can be handled at the ports:

 General Cargo - Merchandise, electrical equipment, steel, cement, fertilizers, logs, sawn timber, containers, heavy lifts, refrigerated goods.  Dry Bulk Cargo - Rice, wheat, maize, sorghum, coal, gypsum, clinker, fertilizer,  Liquid bulk - Petroleum products, chemical products, vegetable oils, coconut oils, liquid gas, tallow, bitumen

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Transshipment FPCL offers Suva and Lautoka as transshipment ports for cargo for the Pacific Region. The container and shed storage facilities can cater for a much larger volume of transshipment cargo. There is a 3 week free storage concession for transshipment cargo. As a further inducement, there is an offer of a total package rate to cover port and handling cargo.

Maritime Administration

The Fiji Islands Maritime Safety Administration (FIMSA) regulates the shipping industry, covering surveys, inspections, classification and certification of vessels, port state control, monitoring of shipping within national waters, and regulation of interisland shipping. In March 2006, FIMSA was reorganized as a result of reform of Fiji Islands’ ports and to ensure port compliance with the requirements of the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code. FIMSA, consequently, took over the regulatory activities of the Maritime and Ports Authority of Fiji Islands.

The Government Shipping Services (GSS) has, as its mandate, to act as in-house carrier for the government. Utilizing vessels from 28 to 237 tons in size, most between 20 and 30 years old, GSS carries government consignments (e.g., building materials and heavy equipment for public works), as well as government personnel. GSS does not charge for services to government departments. Instead, its operational costs are included in its operational budget. According to GSS, it does not compete with commercial shipping operators.

The Fiji Shipping Corporation Limited (FSCL) was set up in April 2004 to act as a “virtual” shipping line, responsible for administering the shipping franchises for the non-commercial routes to the outer islands of the country.

As ports operations and manageemnt are centralized, for all ports in Fiji, contacts details are the same.

Link to port website: www.fijiports.com.fj/

2.1.1. Port of Suva

The Fiji Ports Corporation Limited (FPCL) has completed its major development project in 2006 for both Suva and Lautoka which includes the extension and rehabilitation of the current infrastructure to enhance efficiency in terms of operational productivity.

The Port is a natural harbor and has improved shore facilities, modern plant and equipment and efficient port services coupled with fast shipping turnaround and cargo flow. Suva port has no length or draft limitation for conventional vessels entering port. The largest vessel regularly entering is 42,000 tones. The new look Suva port provides a wide range of services which include: pilotage, safe anchorage and deep berths, stevedoring and general cargo handling, cargo and container storage including freezer and cooler for both containers and loose cargo warehousing, fumigation and incineration and weighbridge facilities. The Port of Suva has the following berthing facilities for both overseas and local vessels:

Wharf Length (Meters) Depth Alongside (Meters) Overseas

Kings 492 11.6 Walu Bay 184 9.0 Princes 156 5.0 LOCAL

Muaiwalu I 73 4.5 Muaiwalu II 46 4.0

Location of the Port

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Port Name Port of Suva Latitude -18º -7’ 0’ S Longitude 178º 25’ 0’ E Town or City (Closest Suva Port Authority Fiji Port corporation Limited Phone + 679 3312700

2.1.1.1. Port Overview

The Port of Suva is in a protected harbour along the south coast of Viti Levu. There are two berths on King's Wharf, North and South. The Wharf is 1614.3 ft (492 m) long and each berth is equal in length. A Fiji Naval Base lies north of Walu Bay. A gas terminal, consisting of two mooring buoys moored on the 10 m curve, is situated off Cliffy Point, about 0.7 nautical miles northwest of King's Wharf.

Port Control maintains a 24-hour port control watch at Suva on Channel 16. The call is "Suva Harbor Control". Working channels for Pilots, tugs, and line boats are 12, 14, 17, 20, 69, 77, and 84. A Government Commercial Company, Ports Terminal Limited, provides port services for the Port of Suva.

Port Contacts Port Management Fiji Ports Corporation Limited Contact Mob Telephone + 679 6662160 Fax + 679 6665799

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Email Web http://www.portofsuva.com

Port Operations Ports Terminal Limited (PTL) Contact Captain Harvey Prajivan Mob (679) 993-1327 Telephone + 679 6662160 Fax + 679 6665799 Email Web http://www.portofsuva.com

Port Customs Contact Email [email protected] Telephone (679) 330 2864 Fax Email [email protected] Web http://www.frca.org.fj/ Suva Radio 3DP using channels Radio 16 and 12

For Customs, before arrival some forms have to be filled in. See Annex 4: Miscellaneous

Wharf Suva Length (Metres) Depth Alongside (Metres) International - Kings 492 11.6 - Walu Bay 184 9.0 - Princes 156 5.0 Domestic - Muaiwalu I 73 4.5 - Muaiwalu II 46 4.0

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2.1.1.2. Port Performance

Performance: 2010 Suva Vessels Calls 408 Container traffic (TEU’s) 56.290

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Total Cargo Handling (mt)

Selected Vessel Calls in Suva Year – 2010 Dry Bulk - Suva 16 Tankers - Suva 102 LoLo - Suva 261 LoLo / RoRo - Suva 21 Car Carriers - Suva 8 Total – Suva 408

Container Traffic Statistics Year – 2010 Suva Exports FCL 20-foot 13.780 FCL 20-foot 2.577 LCL 0 Empty 10-foot 8.521 Empty 40-foot 2.623 Transhipment 0 Total TEU 27.500 Total TEU (Full) 1.636 Suva Imports FCL 20-foot 18.380 FCL 20-foot 4.614 LCL 0 Empty 10-foot 4.594 Empty 40-foot 1.200 Transhipment 0 Total TEU 2.879 Total TEU (Full) 2.299 Total TEU (Imports & Exports) 56.290 Total TEU (Full) (Imports & Exports) 39.360

Performances in Tonnes Year – 2010 ( X 1.000 tonnes) Suva Exports GC Stevedored (Tonnes) 473.7 Total Dry bulk Stevedored (Tonnes) 0.0 Suva Imports GC Stevedored (Tonnes) 728.8 Total Dry bulk Stevedored (Tonnes) 7.4 Total Tonnes Stevedored 961.8

2.1.1.3. Discharge Rates See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Wharfage and Cargo Handling Charges : 2009 Containers $50 Full TEU/FEU $10 Full TEU/FEU Handling $24.75 per lift TEU Lift on/ Lift off

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$49.50 per lift FEU Dry Bulk $1.50 per revenue tonne Break Bulk $3.57 per revenue tonne Liquid Bulk $1.50 per revenue tonne Motor Vehicles $3.85 per unit Wharfage $3.40 per tonne General Cargo (Various Depending on F/L Size – Average Handling $51.50 per Hour or part Thereof) Containers $120 Shift storage (After Free Time) Break Bulk $15 per tonne

Marine Service Charges: 2009 Marine Service $0.22x grt + $806.25 Charge (One off payment per Visit) Pilotage / Berth/Anchorage/Berth $0.1075 per grt + $397.75 Shifting Shift Ship with Pilot $0.05375 per grt + $198.875 Shift Ship Without $102.12 (Mooring Fee) Pilot (Warping) Optional Sea Pilotage $0.115 per grt Dockage $1.94 per 100 grt (Container Ships) (Charged “pegged” Based on agreed Handling rate) Dockage (Cruise Ships) $0.0104 per grt Environment Levy (per visit) $0.04 per grt or $4.00 per 100grt 0 to 2 days $40 per day Bulk Vessel/Barge 3 to 4 days $25 per day 5 to 6 days $10 per day

2.1.1.3.1 Pilotage Fees

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

There is a qualified group of pilots who are available twenty four hours a day. The Pilotage department is responsible for all pilotage of vessels in and out of and between ports in Fiji & the South Pacific. A pilot is needed to safely guide a vessel from the pilot station to the port. This includes the berthing of the vessel at the port. There are 6 fully certified nautical pilots; 5 based in Suva and 1 in Lautoka.

Pilotage is mandatory in the Port of Suva and Suva Harbour Control should be contacted on VHF Channel 16. Normally, the pilot is contacted when within range of the Pilot boarding area and boards about 5 nautical miles (nmi) from King's Wharf and 2.8 nmi seaward of the Levu Passage at 18°11.4'S 178°23.3'E. Vessels should send an ETA at least 48 hours in advance with a confirmation 24 hours in advance. Port Control maintains a 24-hour port control watch at Suva on Channel 16. The call is "Suva Harbour Control".

The Port Master of Suva can be reached via phone at (679) 330-4998. An alternate phone number is (679) 312-700.

Pilot stand-by charges are no longer applicable.

2.1.1.3.2 Tug Services

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Five commercial tugs are available with ratings of 1200 (3) and 750 (2) horsepower. They are compulsory for vessels greater than or equal to 3000 GRT.

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2.1.1.3.3 Mooring Services

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

There are 12 mooring buoys in the Port. Four are in southern part and five in the northern part of the Harbour. Three are in Draunibata Bay that is considered a hurricane haven for small boats. The mooring buoys can be used by fishing boats and other small vessels (up to 50 m in length) but are not considered strong enough for Navy ships during strong winds or hurricanes.

Mooring Service (Rate per operation) Charge (indicate currency) Mooring, un-mooring or other similar service

Mooring charge (in addition to standard lines boats charges) was previously levied when vessels lines were placed on buoys or dolphin bollards. This additional charge will no longer apply – only the standard mooring charge detailed in the schedule will apply, regardless of the bollard setup.

2.1.1.3.4 Port & Harbour Dues

See table Marine Service Charges: 2009 above

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Vessel Description (rate = 100 GRT or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) All vessels other than those exempted

2.1.1.3.5 Dockage, Buoyage & Anchorage In the bay of Suva, safe anchorage can be found in depths of 10-35 m within the Harbour. The bottom is composed of sand and mud and the holding is good. The location is exposed to wind primarily from a southerly direction and not exposed to high seas.

Anchorages are located in the north, south, and west. The Quarantine Anchorage, also referred to as the Medical Examination Anchorage on NIMA Chart # 83572, is centred at about 18°07.6'S 178°25.1'E and is 0.5 nmi northwest of King's Wharf. Depth is 65.6 ft (20 m). The West Anchorage is located at approximately 18°07.7'S 178°23.7'E with a depth of 98.4 ft (30 m) and the South Anchorage is at 18°08.4'S 178°24.8'E with a depth of about 49.2 ft (15 m). The Cable Anchorage is located at about 18°08.1'S 178°24.8'E with a depth of 65.6 ft (20 m) and is the anchorage normally used by visiting submarines. Note that the swing circle for the Western Anchorage may fall close to the Suva Entrance Channel.

Wharfage and Cargo Handling Charges : 2009 Wharfage $3.40 per tonne General Cargo (Various Depending on F/L Size – Average Handling $51.50 per Hour or part Thereof) Containers $120 Shift storage (After Free Time) Break Bulk $15 per tonne

ANCHORAGE CHARGE: Previously a charge was levied for all vessels and was applicable for every 30 days (or part hereof) the vessel remained at anchor.

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Under the new tariff schedule, vessels anchoring within port limits awaiting a berth for the purposes of loading/discharging cargo or passengers will NOT be liable to this charge. The anchorage charge will apply ONLY vessels using the anchorage as a “layup” refuge; safe haven; landing goods or passengers; taking stores or fresh water while at anchor, waiting to access the slipway or floating dock, etc, without berthing.

Vessel Description (Rates = per metre/per hour) Charge (indicate currency) Vessels at quays, wharves or jetties Vessels at buoys or Ro-Ro vessels berthed stern to quay Vessels at anchorage; except at Port Convenience

2.1.1.3.6 Supply of Fresh Water

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Fresh Water is available at all berths Delivery rate 30 t.p.h per hose. Hose diameter 75 mm.

Ancillary Charges : 2009 Cooler $ 1.07 per m² per day Freezer $ 1.50 per m² per day Container $ 64.50 Fumigation Break Bulk $ 2.50 Washing/ Steam Cleaning $ 50 per Container Containers Hopper Storage $ 600 per hopper per year Water At domestic tariff Water Connection Per Service $20.00 + overtime if applicable Water Blaster $20.00 per hour Supply At domestic tariff Electricity Single Phase Connection $12.00 Three Phase Connection $20.00 Gangway Per Day $400.00 Storage Space Per Sq M per week or part thereof $ 2.25 As per Term and Conditions of Meal Allowance Employment Transport Allowance Per Trip $20.00

2.1.1.3.7 Laying up of Vessels

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Vessel Description (Rates = per ton) Charge (indicate currency) Via shore hydrants In stream (including towage of Barge)

2.1.1.3.8 Charges for General Services

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

General Services Electricity Supply At domestic tariff

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Single Phase Connection $12.00 Three Phase Connection $20.00 Gangway Per Day $400.00 Storage Space Per Sq M per week or part thereof $ 2.25 As per Term and Conditions of Meal Allowance Employment Transport Allowance Per Trip $20.00

2.1.1.3.9 Hire of Labour and Equipment

At both ports, PTL is able to provide the manpower required in all facets of operation. This includes supervisors, foreman, bay planners, winch man and mobile crane operators, drivers, loggers and riggers – a majority of which are general purpose workers who are able to perform multi skilled tasks.

Training is continuously undertaken so that the stevedores are kept abreast with any technological change associated with the industry.

The Registered Relief Workers are only deployed when the need arises.

Machinery Hire : 2009 Non Stevedoring Price on Application

Equipment Hire: 2009 Non Stevedoring Price on Application

PTL owns and operate all equipments available at Fiji ports. Shipping companies, freight forwarders ensure a complete service, inclusive of transport, storage, clearance, operations and paper work. Operations related costs are included in the global price of service.

Service (Per hour of part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Floating Crane, incl. of minimum crew and exclusive of towage Mobile Crane more than 5 mt inclusive of driver Mobile Crane less than 5 mt or equal inclusive of driver VIP launch inclusive of crew Pilot boat inclusive of crew Fire appliance inclusive of minimum crew Tipper truck or flatbed lorry inclusive of driver Forklift or Tractor more than 5 mt inclusive of driver Forklift or Tractor less than 5 mt or equal of inclusive of driver Van, Pick-up or Saloon Car inclusive of driver Management or supervisory staff Skilled staff: e.g. Crane or Forklift Driver, Artisan, Firemen or Clerk Semi-skilled staff: e.g. Labourers, Watchman

2.1.1.4. Berthing Equipment & Specifications The Port of Suva is not a tropical cyclone heaven. All berths in the Port are vulnerable to wind and wave damage, but are protected from open ocean waves. The Port of Suva is susceptible to storm surge.

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There are two berths on King's Wharf, North and South. The Wharf is 1614.3 ft (492 m) long and each berth is equal in length. The North Berth is used predominantly for bunkering and typically Naval ships are shifted after taking on fuel. The South Berth is recommended since fuel can also be taken on at that berth. The largest Navy or USNS ship to tie up at King's Wharf was 14,000 GRT. Princess Wharf is on the south side adjacent to King's Wharf and is used by small coastal vessels. Walu Bay, north of King's Wharf, contains wharves as far as the bridge. Walu Bay Wharf on the north side adjacent to King's Wharf is primarily used for merchant ships.

King's Wharf is at least depth alongside of 41 ft (12.5 m) at the North End, 38.4 ft (11.7 m) at the Center, and 34.5 ft (10.5 m) at the South End. Walu Bay Wharf is 600.4 ft (183 m) in length with a least depth alongside of 29.5 ft (9 m). Princes Wharf is 505.3 ft (154 m) in length with a least depth of 19.7 ft (6 m). The deck height for all wharves is about 12 ft (3.7 m). The extreme tidal range for the Port of Suva is 6.2 ft (1.9 m).

Suva has berthing facilities as follows

Wharf Suva Length (Metres) Depth Alongside (Metres) Overseas Kings 492 11.6 Walu Bay 184 9.0 Princes 156 5.0 LOCAL Muaiwalu I 73 4.5 Muaiwalu II 46 4.0

Link to current port berthing details web page: http://

2.1.1.5. General Cargo Handling Berths

All berths are multipurpose: passengers, conventional, containers

All types of cargo can be handled at the port:

 General Cargo - Merchandise, electrical equipment, steel, cement, fertilizers, logs, sawn timber, container, heavy lifts, refrigerated goods.  Dry Bulk Cargo - Rice, wheat, maize, sorghum, coal, gypsum, clinker, fertilizer,  Liquid bulk - Petroleum products, chemical products, vegetable oils, coconut oils, liquid gas, tallow, bitumen

2.1.1.6. Port Cargo Handling Equipment

A fleet of cargo handling equipment comprising heavy duty forklift trucks, tractors, mobile cranes, trailers etc, is owned and operated by FPCL for cargo handling in the port of Suva.

PTL’s current equipment fleet ranges from the 2.5 ton forklift to 40 ton Heavy container handler with telescopic spreaders. The yard tractor/trailers are also available to facilitate transfer of containers from ship side to transit area and vice versa,

At Suva Port, 2 Gotwald Mobile Harbour Cranes with lift capacity of 15 TEU’s per hour are available, as well as a complete range of forklifts, Omega Spreaders, etc.. All gear is managed by Ports Terminal Limited.

Port Cargo Equipment (Operational) Appliances & Models Quantity Capacity Mobile (rail mounted) 2 50ton Heavy Container Handlers with Telescopic Spreaders 4 40ton

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Heavy Container Handlers with Telescopic Spreaders 2 38ton Heavy Container Fork trucks 2 32ton Empty Container Handler with Telescopic Spreader 1 12ton Forklifts 6 3 to 8 ton Tractors 7 Trailers 7 Vacuvators - Bagging Machines -

2.1.1.7. General Services

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Service (Per day of part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Bagging plant operators, per unit of plant NA Vacuvators, per unit of plant NA Bunker Supplier Bunkering Agent GSS operates 2 barges for inter port barge transfer Barge operator, per barge $15.00 per TEU and $25.00 per FEU Fresh Water suppliers (road tankers) Water Authority of Fiji – at domestic rates Ship Contractors See shipping companies Ship Chandlers See suppliers chapter Safety equipment supplier & service Through PTL – see Annexes for tarifs Marine Contractors Scrap Metal Dealers Ship Watchmen Supplier Marine Engineer Marine Surveyor Ship Surveyor Cargo Surveyor Sludge Collector Small Boat Operator

Ancillary Charges : 2009 Cooler $ 1.07 per m² per day Freezer $ 1.50 per m² per day Container $ 64.50 Fumigation Break Bulk $ 2.50 Washing/ Steam Cleaning $ 50 per Container Containers Hopper Storage $ 600 per hopper per year Water At domestic tariff Water Connection Per Service $20.00 + overtime if applicable Water Blaster $20.00 per hour Supply At domestic tariff Electricity Single Phase Connection $12.00 Three Phase Connection $20.00 Gangway Per Day $400.00

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Storage Space Per Sq M per week or part thereof $ 2.25

2.1.1.7.1 Discharging Facilities

Container Facilities 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Container facilities 12,000 Daily off-take capacity: No of containers/day 360 Container Freight Stations (CFS) Reefer Stations About 60 units 

2.1.1.7.2 Oil Handling Terminal

At Suva Port, a terminal, consisting of two mooring buoys moored on the 10 m curve, is situated off Cliffy Point, about 0.7 NMI northwest of King's Wharf.

There is a pipe running under the wharf straight to the tanks. Mobil, Pacific Energy and Total are handling those tanks.

Three international oil companies (Mobil, Pacific Energy and Total) import petroleum products into Fiji, distribute their products at wholesale and retail levels, and re-export to other Pacific countries (PICs). Supply is provided by medium- range tankers from refineries in Australia, Singapore and New Zealand. Currently the Government of Fiji itself is supplied by Total through a five-year contract with the Public Works Department (PWD).

Types of bulk cargo handled at the port:

 Liquid bulk - Petroleum products, chemical products, vegetable oils, coconut oils, liquid gas, tallow, bitumen

2.1.1.7.3 Multipurpose Terminal

All wharfs in Suva are multipurpose.

All types of cargo can be handled at the port:

 General Cargo - Merchandise, electrical equipment, steel, cement, fertilizers, logs, sawn timber, containers, heavy lifts, refrigerated goods.  Dry Bulk Cargo - Rice, wheat, maize, sorghum, coal, gypsum, clinker, fertilizer,  Liquid bulk - Petroleum products, chemical products, vegetable oils, coconut oils, liquid gas, tallow, bitumen

2.1.1.7.4 Grain & Bulk Handling

Grain and Rice imported mostly done by Flour Mill Fiji (FMF). One ship is coming every 2 weeks.

Types of bulk cargo handled at the port:

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 Dry Bulk Cargo - Rice, wheat, maize, sorghum, coal, gypsum, clinker, fertilizer,  Liquid bulk - Petroleum products, chemical products, vegetable oils, coconut oils, liquid gas, tallow, bitumen

2.1.1.7.5 Main Silo Terminal

At FMF, handled in bulk at port and transferred to the silos located a few dozen meters away

2.1.1.7.6 Main Storage Terminal

In the main port of Suva there is a storage capacity of around 2.000 TEU. There are North of the Port 2 privately owned storage terminals. Capacity is around 5.000 TEU each.

2.1.1.7.7 Bagging – Grain Handling Operated by the companies, mainly FMF

2.1.1.8. Stevedoring

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Stevedoring Handling Charges: 2009 in FJD ($ will be the symbol used for FJD) Full Containers (TEU&FEU) $80 per container Transhipment Containers $60 per container Empty Containers $40 per container Wharfage on Transhipment $36.55 per container Containers Timber or Master Packs $73.10 per unit Dry Bulk $ 53,75 per revenue Tonne Motor Vehicles RoRo v/l’s $25 per unit LoLo v/l’s $30 per unit Steel Products $12.90 per revenu tonne $15,25 per revenue Standard Lift tonne General Cargo Lift <300 Cubic Meter $100 per lift Lift > 300 Cubic Meter $ 500 per lift

FF Operators (listed here under) provide a full service, including trnsport, stevedoring, storage, etc.

Freight Forwarding Operators Name Phone Fax Email Website Adres Williams and Lot 9 Royal Palm Gosling 666 4090 666 3470 http://www.wgfiji.com.fj/ Road, Navutu (Lautoka) Williams and 3300367/ 80-82 Harris Road, Gosling 331 2633 http://www.wgfiji.com.fj/ 3302106 Suva (Suva) Williams and Gosling 672 2855 672 0047 http://www.wgfiji.com.fj/ Nadi Airport (Nadi)

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Carpenters m.narain.shipping@car 22 Edinburgh Drive, Shipping 9996 439 3301 572 http://www.carpship.com.fj penters.com.fj Suva (Suva) Carpenters 5-11 Naviti Street, Shipping 9996 486 6664 896 Mr Anit Kumar http://www.carpship.com.fj Lautoka (Lautoka)

Pacific http://www.pacificagenciesf Level 2, Gohil Agencies 3315444 3301127 [email protected] iji.com/ Complex, (Suva) Toorak Road Pacific [email protected] http://www.pacificagenciesf 6 Sautamata Street, Agencies 6660577 6662985 om.fj iji.com/ Lautoka (Lautoka)

Shipping http://www.shippingservice 25 High Street, 3305577 3301615 [email protected] Services sfiji.com Toorak (Suva) Suites 3&4 Niranjan Shipping http://www.shippingservice Building, Services 666 7677 666 7813 [email protected] sfiji.com Saku Lane, off (Lautoka) Marine Drive Campbell's Shipping 330-6329 330-6363 http://csship.com/ Rawa St., Suva Agency Neptune CustomerService- Level 3, Ra Marama 330 0057 http://www.neptunepacific.c Pacific 3304 528 [email protected] House 91 Gordon /3316360 om (Suva) m Street Ground Floor Neptune CustomerService- http://www.neptunepacific.c Raymonds Building Pacific 6651244 6650 663 [email protected] om Queens Wharf (Lautoka) m Road

2.1.1.8.1 Conventional Cargo

Interisland and regional cargo is rarely possible with containerised cargo. 2 options are at transporters disposal, moving containers with trailers, using ro-ro vessels or transhipment. FPCL offers Suva and Lautoka as transhipment ports for cargo for the Pacific Region. The container and shed storage facilities can cater for a much larger volume of transhipment cargo. There is a 3 week free storage concession for transhipment cargo. As a further inducement, there is an offer of a total package rate to cover port and handling cargo.

Frequent Cargo Vessels Name of Shipping Lines Country of Origin Countries Covered Polynesian Shipping Line New Zealand New Zealand & Pacific Hamburg Sud Germany Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, West Coast North America Forum Samoa New Zealand Australia & Pacific Florence New Zealand New Zealand & Pacific Forum Avarua New Zealand Fiji & Rarotonga Swire Shipping New Zealand New Zealand & Pacific Origin Energy Australia Australia & Pacific Pacific International Lines Singapore Asia, Fiji and New Zealand Pacific Forum Line Fiji Australia, New Zealand & Pacific New Guinea Pacific Line Australia Fiji, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan Greater Bali Hai Australia Korea, Japan, Fiji, Pacific Islands Pacific Direct Line New Zealand Pacific Islands, Australia & New Zealand

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See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Other Services Charge (indicate currency) Mail per bag, or ships stores per package Returning empty bags Repairs in the breakage room per package Crated animals, per cubic meter of crate Animals handled by sling Animals walked on/off board

Hatch and other than standard freight

Stevedoring – Large Packaged Articles Charge (indicate currency) From 14 DWT to 40 DWT Over 40 DWT

2.1.1.8.2 Containerised Cargo

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Fiji has kept pace with the development of container traffic. Container ships generally calling into Fiji are self-sustaining types and provide the necessary heavy equipment for discharge of the containers. The upgraded container yard in the Port of Suva has facilitated container storage and greatly improved manpower efficiency.

For both ports, there is 72 hours free storage opportunity.

Wharfage and Cargo Handling Charges : 2009 Containers $50 Full TEU/FEU $10 Full TEU/FEU Handling $24.75 per lift TEU Lift on/ Lift off $49.50 per lift FEU Containers $120 Shift storage (After Free Time) Break Bulk $15 per tonne

Stripping or Stuffing of Containers 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Stripping or Stuffing Stripping and re-stuffing transhipment cargo

2.1.1.8.3 Other Container Handling Services

Other Container Handling Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Cover or pontoons which can be lifted using a standard

ISO twist lock spreader Other cover or pontoon Transfers to/from the Container Terminal Other transfers within the terminal are not charged Handling of empty containers at ICD's Reefer containers plugged onto reefer points Storage of import empty containers from two days after

arrival or empty export containers from date of loading Storage of full import containers from date of arrival

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2.1.1.8.4 Labour Ordering, Cancellation and Delay Narrative

2.1.1.9. Shore Handling

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

2.1.1.9.1 Conventional Cargo Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Direct discharge/loading of imports/exports Crude Petroleum Oil Imports Other Liquid Bulk Imports Other Imports Liquid Bulk Exports/Bunkering Other Exports

Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Import Cargo Handled at ICD's Export Cargo Handled at ICD's Shut-out Cargo removed from the Port Fumigation of Cargo Palletising/pre-slinging in the Port on request Dangerous Cargo

Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) From 14 DWT to 40 DWT Over 40 DWT Hire of a gang

2.1.1.9.2 Containerised Cargo

Shore Handling Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Import Containers Export Containers Stripping & re-stuffing for customs verification Stripping & re-stuffing of un-nominated or shut-out export

cargo Stripping or re-stuffing of containers taken to Customs

Warehouse

Shore Handling charges Charge (indicate currency) Ten day removal charges, or transfer within the Port, or

transfer to Customs Import Containers handled at the Inland Container Depots Exports Containers handled at the Inland Container

Depots

Domestic FCL Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter After the ? st day and thereafter

Railtainer Imports to ICD’s Charges

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20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First? consecutive days Per day thereafter After the ? st day and thereafter

Transit FCL Import Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

Transhipment Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

Domestic FCL Export Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

Empty Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Imports – First ? consecutive days Imports – Per day thereafter Exports – First ? consecutive days Exports – Per day thereafter

Dangerous Cargo Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) From day of landing

Out-of-Gauge Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

FCL Containers of Unknown Status Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) From day of landing

2.1.1.10. Clearing Agents 2

See Annex “List of Registered Customs Agents - 2011 - all sectors”

2.1.1.11. Port Security

Fiji Islands was able to meet the July 2004 ISPS deadline with financial support from Australia, New Zealand, and United States, coupled with training instituted by the Regional Maritime Programme of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community. The country was fully compliant for all the major ports—Suva, Lautoka,

2 Further Clearing Agents / Freight Forwarders in annex

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Levuka, and Malau—by the deadline of July 2004 (Ministry of Finance and National Planning 2007, 60). Suva and Lautoka were successfully audited in July 2006, and additional audits of smaller secondary ports in the Fiji Islands were also carried out that year.

Security ISPS Compliant Yes ISPS Level (current) 1= Normal 2 = Heightened 3 = Exceptional

2.1.1.12. Storage Facilities

Storage facilities are available in Suva. Suva has 6 storage sheds providing 12,200 square metres of storage. There are facilities for bonded and transhipment cargo and inland freight stations are operated to supplement the port storage space and facilitate the removal of unclear cargo from the wharves.

Suva Container Park Limited operates two purpose built container depots in Suva and Lautoka. SCPL provides storage, repair, and pre trip inspections to containers for major shipping lines servicing Fiji. SCPL also leases and sells containers to the Fiji market.

The storage facility at Suva Port have adequate shed and outside concrete space for proper and safe storage of cargo and with reefer power points for the freezer containers awaiting delivery or export.

For both ports, Suva & Lautoka, the first three days are free of charges.

Demurrage / Storage : 2009 Day 1 to 3 Free Day 4 to 7 $ 32.25 per day Full Container (TEU and FEU) Day 8 to 14 $ 64.50 per day > 14 days $ 96.75 per day Day 1 to 3 Free Day 4 to 7 $3.25 per revenue tonne per day Break Bulk (per revenue tonne) Day 8 to 14 $6.45 per revenue tonne per day > 14 days $9.675 per revenue tonne per day Empty Containers (TEU and Day 1 to 3 Free FEU) > 4 days $ 6 per day Containers (per TEU/FEU) $64.50 per TEU/FEU per week Pre-arranged Storage per week Break Bulk (per tonne) $2.418 per revenu tonne per week Transshipment Cargo Day 1 to 21 Free (Containers) (After free time) > 21 days $64.50 per TEU/FEU per week or part thereof Transshipment Cargo (Break Day 1 to 21 Free Bulk) > 21 days $2.418 per revenue tone per week or part thereof

2.1.2. Port of Lautoka

Lautoka is the second largest port of entry in the country and handles the bulk of Fiji’s sugar and woodchips exports. The majority of the containerized exports originating from Lautoka is the water containers destined for both West Coast North America (WCNA) and East Coast North America

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(ECNA). The port services the shipping needs of Western Viti Levu and is normally the base for local cruise vessels that ferry passengers to and from the many holiday resorts on offshore islands.

In addition to the FPCL owned wharf, other port facilities include a number of privately owned terminals for the handling of petroleum, gas, bulk sugar, molasses, and wood chips. There is also a Fishing Port that services the requirements of local fishermen.

Lautoka has berthing facilities as follows: Depth Alongside Wharf Lenth (Metres) (Metres) OVERSEAS

Queens Wharf, West Quay 400 11.0 North Quay 78 7.0 Sugar and Woodchips Terminal 176 11.0 LOCAL

Queens Wharf, South Way 78 3.6 Queens Wharf, South Way 78 3.0 Kings Wharf 93 1.5

.

In June 2005, Fiji Ports Corporation Limited (FPCL) completed its $21 million Lautoka Wharf Extension giving Lautoka additional berths to its original one berth capacity. Extensive reclamation totaling 28 acres has been completed too providing FPCL with additional land in Lautoka for Port related activities FPCL assumes the role of a port management company thus responsible for all port services needs. Ports Terminal Limited (PTL) which is its subsidiary is responsible for the operations and services.

Because of the small container yard area, congestion may quickly happen. Land access to Lautoka port is sometimes an issue (due to flooding), leading to congestion in 3 to 4 days.

Vuda Port

Located between Nadi and Lautoka, Vuda Port is the oil and gas terminal of Lautoka port. It operates oil and gas from tankers of 18,000 to 24,000 tons. A submarine pipe-line installation is in place between the land and the buoys (600 meters from land at depths of 12 m).

Berthing and unberthing is during daylight only and at the discretion of the Port Master Lautoka in consultation with the Master of the vessel.

Mobil, BP and Pacific Energy operate individual oil storage capacities but share the operational equipments.

Quite surprisingly, a pipeline goes from Vuda directly to Nadi International airport to supply the Jet A1. The 3 companies coordinate the percentage of supply, accordingly to the percentage of Jet A1 their respective customers use.

Latitude -17 º - 8 ' 2', S Longitude 177 º 38 ' 5' E

Location of the Port Port Name Port of Lautoka Latitude 17º -37’ -33’ S

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Longitude 177º 27’ 43’ E Town or City (Closest Lautoka Port Authority Fiji Port corporation Limited Phone + 679 3312700

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Wharf Lautoka Length (Metres) Depth Alongside (Metres) International - Queens Wharf, West Quay 400 11.0 - North Quay 78 7.0 - Sugar and Woodchips Terminal 176 11.0 Domestic - Queens Wharf, South Way 78 3.6 - Queens Wharf, South Way 78 3.0 - Kings Wharf 93 1.5

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Performance: 2010 Lautoka Vessels Calls 385 Container traffic (TEU’s) 30,565 Total Cargo Handling (mt) 1.8 million

2.1.2.1. Port Overview Link to port website: http://

Port Contacts Port Management Fiji Ports Corporation Limited Contact Mob Telephone + 679 6662160 Fax + 679 6665799 Email Web http://www.portofsuva.com

Port Operations Ports Terminal Limited (PTL) Contact Captain Harvey Prajivan Mob (679) 993-1327 Telephone + 679 6662160 Fax + 679 6665799 Email Web http://www.portofsuva.com

Port Customs Contact Email [email protected] Telephone (679) 330 2864 Fax Email [email protected] Web http://www.frca.org.fj/ Suva Radio 3DP using channels Radio 16 and 12

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2.1.2.2. Port Performance Exports and Imports Stevedored Year – 2010 ( X 1.000 tonnes) Lautoka Exports GC Stevedored (Tonnes) 324.1 Total Dry bulk Stevedored (Tonnes) 0.0 Lautoka Imports GC Stevedored (Tonnes) 285.2 Total Dry bulk Stevedored (Tonnes) 19.4 Total Tonnes Stevedored 304.6

Container Traffic Statistics Year – 2010 Lautoka Exports FCL 20-foot 11.673 FCL 20-foot 806 LCL 0 Empty 10-foot 1.988 Empty 40-foot 351 Transhipment 0 Total TEU 14.818 Total TEU (Full) 12.479 Lautoka Imports FCL 20-foot 9.285 FCL 20-foot 1.878 LCL 46 Empty 10-foot 4.272 Empty 40-foot 266 Transhipment 0 Total TEU 15.747 Total TEU (Full) 11.163 Total TEU (Imports & Exports) 30.565 Total TEU (Full) (Imports & Exports) 23.642

Selected Vessel Calls in Lautoka Year – 2010 Dry Bulk – Lautoka 13 Tankers – Lautoka 148 LoLo - Lautoka 204 LoLo / RoRo – Lautoka 20 Car Carriers - Lautoka 0 Total – Lautoka 385

2.1.2.3. Discharge Rates

Please refer to the tariffs and rates mentioned for Suva

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

2.1.2.3.1 Pilotage Fees

Please refer to the tariffs and rates mentioned for Suva

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See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

The Lautoka Pilot boards are at about 1 NMI seaward of Navula Passage, approximately 25 NMI South of the Port (17°56.2'S 177°11'E). In heavy weather, it may be necessary for a vessel to enter Navula Passage to embark or disembark the Pilot. There is no anchorage outside the Navula Passage. Lautoka Port Control should be contacted on VHF Channel 12 or 16. Vessels should send an ETA at least 48 hours in advance with a confirmation 24 hours in advance to the Deputy Port Master.

Harvey Prajivan is the normal resident Pilot in Lautoka who can be reached at 679-665-1991/1992.

2.1.2.3.2 Tug Services

Please refer to the tariffs and rates mentioned for Suva

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

At Lautoka Port tug services are available by South Sea Towage Limited at applicable rates (See Tariff’s). At Vuda Port, tug services are available by South Sea Towage Limited also. Tug services must be arranged prior to arrival.

In Lautoka, one commercial tug is available with a rating of 2000 horsepower. Tug services are compulsory for vessels > 3000 GRT.

The working channels for Pilots and tugs at Lautoka are 14 and 17. Pilots are available Monday-Thursday 0800-1600, Friday 0800-1600, and on Saturday 0800-1200 Local Time. Other schedules require prior arrangements.

2.1.2.3.3 Mooring Services

There are 5 mooring buoys located in the vicinity of the Port of Lautoka. The mooring buoys can be used by fishing boats and other small vessels but are not considered strong enough for Navy ships during strong winds or hurricanes.

Please refer to the tariffs and rates mentioned for Suva

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Mooring Service (Rate per operation) Charge (indicate currency) Mooring, un-mooring or other similar service

2.1.2.3.4 Port & Harbour Dues Narrative Vessel Description (rate = 100 GRT or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) All vessels other than those exempted

2.1.2.3.5 Dockage, Buoyage & Anchorage

At Lautoka, all the anchorages are exposed to wind and seas. The bottom is composed of mud and sand and the holding is considered average. Winds above 30 kt could cause a ship to drag anchor. Anchorages are located west of the Port at 17°35.75'S 177°25.5'E and 17°36.65'S 177°24.8'E. Depths at those anchorages are approximately 78.7 ft (24 m) and 65.6 ft (20 m), respectively. The Quarantine Anchorage is centered at about 17°36.2'S 177°25'E and is 1.1 NMI west of Vio Island with depths of 72.2-78.7 ft (22-24 m).

Vessel Description (Rates = per metre/per hour) Charge (indicate currency) Vessels at quays, wharves or jetties Vessels at buoys or Ro-Ro vessels berthed stern to quay

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Vessels at anchorage; except at Port Convenience

2.1.2.3.6 Supply of Fresh Water Narrative Vessel Description (Rates = per tonne) Charge (indicate currency) Via shore hydrants In stream (including towage of Barge)

2.1.2.3.7 Laying up of Vessels Narrative Vessel Description (Rates = per ton) Charge (indicate currency) Via shore hydrants In stream (including towage of Barge)

2.1.2.3.8 Charges for General Services Narrative

2.1.2.3.9 Hire of Labour and Equipment Narrative Service (Per hour of part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Floating Crane, incl. of minimum crew and exclusive of towage Mobile Crane more than 5 mt inclusive of driver Mobile Crane less than 5 mt or equal inclusive of driver VIP launch inclusive of crew Pilot boat inclusive of crew Fire appliance inclusive of minimum crew Tipper truck or flatbed lorry inclusive of driver Forklift or Tractor more than 5 mt inclusive of driver Forklift or Tractor less than 5 mt or equal of inclusive of driver Van, Pick-up or Saloon Car inclusive of driver Management or supervisory staff Skilled staff: e.g. Crane or Forklift Driver, Artisan, Firemen or Clerk Semi-skilled staff: e.g. Labourers, Watchman

2.1.2.4. Berthing Equipment & Specifications

The main wharf at Lautoka, Queens, is used by passenger, container and bulk vessels, car carriers and tankers discharging smaller volumes of bulk liquids such as petroleum products transferred by pipeline to the major oil companies’ storage tanks.

Lautoka has berthing facilities as follows

Wharf Lautoka Lenth (Metres) Depth Alongside (Metres) OVERSEAS Queens Wharf, West Quay 400 11.0 North Quay 78 7.0 Sugar and Woodchips Terminal 176 11.0 LOCAL Queens Wharf, South Way 78 3.6 Queens Wharf, South Way 78 3.0 Kings Wharf 93 1.5

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2.1.2.5. General Cargo Handling Berths

The largest export from Lautoka, in terms of volume is bottled water—accounting for approximately 300TEU containers per month. The shore side of Queens Wharf is used predominantly for regular quality passenger/domestic cruise vessels serving the tourism trade to the islands. Two dedicated ship-loaders are used to export sugar and woodchips, owned by the exporters and operating over the same shipper owned jetty. Marine services only are supplied by the port operator

General Cargo - Imports Berths Imports – Bagged Cargo Exports – Bagged Cargo Imports – Steel Goods Imports & Exports – Ro-Ro Imports – Vehicles Others Imports

2.1.2.6. Port Cargo Handling Equipment

At Lautoka Port, 1 Gotwald Mobile Harbour Cranes with lift capacity of 15 TEU’s per hour is available, as well as a range of forklifts, Omega Spreaders, etc.. All gear is managed by Ports Terminal Limited.

Cargo Handling equipment in Lautoka Quantity Capacity  Mobile (rail mounted) 1 50ton  40ton Heavy Container Handler with Telescopic 1 Spreader  38ton Heavy Container Handler with Telescopic 1 Spreader  32ton Heavy Container Fork truck 1  9 ton container fork truck 1

2.1.2.7. General Services Narrative Service (Per day of part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Bagging plant operators, per unit of plant Vacuvators, per unit of plant Bunker Supplier Bunkering Agent Barge operator, per barge Fresh Water suppliers (road tankers) Ship Contractors Ship Chandlers Safety equipment supplier & service Marine Contractors Scrap Metal Dealers Ship Watchmen Supplier Marine Engineer Marine Surveyor Ship Surveyor Cargo Surveyor Sludge Collector Small Boat Operator

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2.1.2.7.1 Discharging Facilities

Container Facilities 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Container facilities Daily off-take capacity: No of containers/day Container Freight Stations (CFS) Reefer Stations 

2.1.2.7.2 Oil Handling Terminal

Lautoka oil terminal is located in Vuda; Pacific Energy, Fiji Gas, Mobil, Total and BP are sharing this facility. It is located between Lautoka and Nadi.

Pacific Energy Mobil BP

Port

Berthing

There are two offshore berthing facilities: one with 4 mooring points, one with 2 mooring points. There is a pipe going from the mooring points to the companies’ storage facilities.

There is also a pipe going from the storage facilities to Nadi airport, at about 15 km, to supply Jet A1.

2.1.2.7.3 Multipurpose Terminal

All wharves in Lautoka are multipurpose.

2.1.2.7.4 Grain & Bulk Handling

At the port Lautoka there is a bulk terminal, which mostly handles sugar, wood pulp, rice and grain. This terminal is private owned by Fiji Sugar Corporation

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2.1.2.7.5 Main Silo Terminal

NA

2.1.2.7.6 Main Storage Terminal Warehousing capacity is very limited at Lautoka port. Open storage capacity for containers is limited at a few hundred units (Clark capacities do not allow significant multi-storey storage).

Lautoka has three sheds providing 6,030 square metres of storage. SCPL provides storage, repair, and pre trip inspections to containers for major shipping lines servicing Fiji. SCPL also leases and sells containers to the Fiji market.

Note: During disasters, due to access problems, congestion is regular at the port of Lautoka,

2.1.2.7.7 Bagging – Grain Handling

NA

2.1.2.8. Stevedoring

See “FPCL Tariff 2009” in Annex for full information about ports tariffs, rates and regulations

Stevedoring Handling Charges: 2009 in FJD ($ will be the symbol used for FJD) Full Containers (TEU&FEU) $80 per container Transhipment Containers $60 per container Empty Containers $40 per container Wharfage on Transhipment $36.55 per container Containers Timber or Master Packs $73.10 per unit Dry Bulk $ 53,75 per revenue Tonne Motor Vehicles RoRo v/l’s $25 per unit LoLo v/l’s $30 per unit Steel Products $12.90 per revenu tonne $15,25 per revenue Standard Lift tonne General Cargo Lift <300 Cubic Meter $100 per lift Lift > 300 Cubic Meter $ 500 per lift

FF Operators (listed here under) provide a full service, including transport, stevedoring, storage, etc.

Freight Forwarding Operators Name Phone Fax Email Website Adres Williams and Lot 9 Royal Palm Gosling 666 4090 666 3470 http://www.wgfiji.com.fj/ Road, Navutu (Lautoka) Williams and 3300367/ 80-82 Harris Road, Gosling 331 2633 http://www.wgfiji.com.fj/ 3302106 Suva (Suva) Williams and Gosling 672 2855 672 0047 http://www.wgfiji.com.fj/ Nadi Airport (Nadi) Carpenters m.narain.shipping@car 22 Edinburgh Drive, Shipping 9996 439 3301 572 http://www.carpship.com.fj penters.com.fj Suva (Suva) Carpenters 5-11 Naviti Street, 9996 486 6664 896 Mr Anit Kumar http://www.carpship.com.fj Shipping Lautoka

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(Lautoka)

Pacific http://www.pacificagenciesf Level 2, Gohil Agencies 3315444 3301127 [email protected] iji.com/ Complex, (Suva) Toorak Road Pacific [email protected] http://www.pacificagenciesf 6 Sautamata Street, Agencies 6660577 6662985 om.fj iji.com/ Lautoka (Lautoka)

Shipping http://www.shippingservice 25 High Street, 3305577 3301615 [email protected] Services sfiji.com Toorak (Suva) Suites 3&4 Niranjan Shipping http://www.shippingservice Building, Services 666 7677 666 7813 [email protected] sfiji.com Saku Lane, off (Lautoka) Marine Drive Campbell's Shipping 330-6329 330-6363 http://csship.com/ Rawa St., Suva Agency Neptune CustomerService- Level 3, Ra Marama 330 0057 http://www.neptunepacific.c Pacific 3304 528 [email protected] House 91 Gordon /3316360 om (Suva) m Street Ground Floor Neptune CustomerService- http://www.neptunepacific.c Raymonds Building Pacific 6651244 6650 663 [email protected] om Queens Wharf (Lautoka) m Road

2.1.2.8.1 Conventional Cargo Narrative Other Services Charge (indicate currency) Mail per bag, or ships stores per package Returning empty bags Repairs in the breakage room per package Crated animals, per cubic meter of crate Animals handled by sling Animals walked on/off board

Hatch and other than standard freight

Stevedoring – Large Packaged Articles Charge (indicate currency) From 14 DWT to 40 DWT Over 40 DWT

2.1.2.8.2 Containerised Cargo Narrative

Containerised Cargo Handling Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Discharge, loading, shifting within the hold or shifting on

deck without landing Containers handled via a conventional ship Containers handled on a Ro-Ro basis Empty containers Transhipment containers, overland containers, containers shipped & re-landed or landed & re-shipped or shifted from hold to hold

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Narrative

Stripping or Stuffing of Containers 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Stripping or Stuffing Stripping and re-stuffing transhipment cargo

2.1.2.8.3 Other Container Handling Services

Other Container Handling Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Cover or pontoons which can be lifted using a standard

ISO twist lock spreader Other cover or pontoon Transfers to/from the Container Terminal Other transfers within the terminal are not charged Handling of empty containers at ICD's Reefer containers plugged onto reefer points Storage of import empty containers from two days after

arrival or empty export containers from date of loading Storage of full import containers from date of arrival

2.1.2.8.4 Labour Ordering, Cancellation and Delay Narrative

2.1.2.9. Shore Handling Narrative

2.1.2.9.1 Conventional Cargo Narrative Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Direct discharge/loading of imports/exports Crude Petroleum Oil Imports Other Liquid Bulk Imports Other Imports Liquid Bulk Exports/Bunkering Other Exports

Narrative Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) Import Cargo Handled at ICD's Export Cargo Handled at ICD's Shut-out Cargo removed from the Port Fumigation of Cargo Palletising/pre-slinging in the Port on request Dangerous Cargo

Narrative Conventional Cargo (Rate per tonne or part thereof) Charge (indicate currency) From 14 DWT to 40 DWT Over 40 DWT Hire of a gang

2.1.2.9.2 Containerised Cargo Narrative Shore Handling Charges

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20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Import Containers Export Containers Stripping & re-stuffing for customs verification Stripping & re-stuffing of un-nominated or shut-out export

cargo Stripping or re-stuffing of containers taken to Customs

Warehouse

Narrative Shore Handling charges Charge (indicate currency) Ten day removal charges, or transfer within the Port, or

transfer to Customs Import Containers handled at the Inland Container Depots Exports Containers handled at the Inland Container

Depots

Narrative

Domestic FCL Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter After the ? st day and thereafter

Railtainer Imports to ICD’s Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First? consecutive days Per day thereafter After the ? st day and thereafter

Transit FCL Import Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

Transhipment Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

Domestic FCL Export Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

Empty Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) Imports – First ? consecutive days Imports – Per day thereafter Exports – First ? consecutive days Exports – Per day thereafter

Dangerous Cargo Charges

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20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) From day of landing

Out-of-Gauge Container Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) First ? consecutive days Per day thereafter

FCL Containers of Unknown Status Charges 20 ft (TEU’s) 40ft (FEU’s) From day of landing

2.1.2.10. Clearing Agents 3

See Annex “List of Registered Customs Agents - 2011 - all sectors”

2.1.2.11. Port Security

Fiji Islands was able to meet the July 2004 ISPS deadline with financial support from Australia, New Zealand, and United States, coupled with training instituted by the Regional Maritime Programme of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community. The country was fully compliant for all the major ports—Suva, Lautoka, Levuka, and Malau—by the deadline of July 2004 (Ministry of Finance and National Planning 2007, 60). Suva and Lautoka were successfully audited in July 2006, and additional audits of smaller secondary ports in the Fiji Islands were also carried out that year.

Security ISPS Compliant Yes ISPS Level (current) 1= Normal 2 = Heightened 3 = Exceptional

2.1.2.12. Storage Facilities

For both ports, Suva & Lautoka, the first three days are free of charges.

Demurrage / Storage : 2009 Day 1 to 3 Free Day 4 to 7 $ 32.25 per day Full Container (TEU and FEU) Day 8 to 14 $ 64.50 per day > 14 days $ 96.75 per day Day 1 to 3 Free Day 4 to 7 $3.25 per revenue tonne per day Break Bulk (per revenue tonne) Day 8 to 14 $6.45 per revenue tonne per day > 14 days $9.675 per revenue tonne per day Empty Containers (TEU and Day 1 to 3 Free FEU) > 4 days $ 6 per day Containers (per TEU/FEU) $64.50 per TEU/FEU per week Pre-arranged Storage per week Break Bulk (per tonne) $2.418 per revenu tonne per week Transshipment Cargo Day 1 to 21 Free (Containers) (After free time) > 21 days $64.50 per TEU/FEU per week or part thereof

3 Further Clearing Agents / Freight Forwarders in annex

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Transshipment Cargo (Break Day 1 to 21 Free Bulk) > 21 days $2.418 per revenue tone per week or part thereof

2.1.3. Port of Levuka, Malau and Savusavu

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2.1.3.1. Port of Levuka

The port of Levuka is primarily a fishing port catering for fishing vessels that berth at Levuka to supply Levuka’s Cannery managed by PAFCO.

Levuka’s original wharf was built in 1886 and was known as Queens Wharf comprising a timber super-structure supported on concrete piles. In 1924, the main pier of the wharf was extended and the Kings Wharf was constructed consisting of a concrete deck approximately 10 meters supported by concrete piles.

Upgrading in 1980 replaced the timber decking with concrete and an extended length to the usual 180 meters, providing adequate berthing space along its eastern side.

 Maximum draft: XX meters  Tankers: Discharge lines 8 in. diameter. Depths alongside 42ft. No permanent discharge facility.  Density: Salt water, density 1025 approximately, no tide effect on density  Fresh Water: Available at all berths Delivery rate 30 t.p.h per hose; Hose diameter 75 mm  Tug Boat: Available by South Sea Towage Limited, must be arranged from Suva prior to arrival. Pilot Boat: Not available

Location of the Port Port Name Port of Levuka Latitude -17º -40' -59' S Longitude 178º 50' 60' E Town or City (Closest Levuka Port Authority Fiji Port corporation Limited Phone + 679 3312700 Port Contacts Port Operating Company Ports Terminal Limited (PTL) Contact P.O.Box 88 Levuka Fiji Mob

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Telephone 679 3440189 Fax 679 3440261 Email Web http://www.portofsuva.com

Port Operations Fiji Ports Corporation Limited Contact Mob Telephone + 679 6662160 Fax + 679 6665799 Email Web http://www.portofsuva.com

Port Customs Contact Email [email protected] Telephone (679) 330 2864 Fax Email [email protected] Web http://www.frca.org.fj/ Radio

2.1.3.2. Port of Malau

Port of Malau is located on the North Western side of Fiji’s second largest island, Vanua Levu and primarily a molasses Port facility with deep water anchorage and berthing.

The Port caters for bulk vessels that berth at Malau for the Vanua Levu sugar cane farmers. The facility is a privately owned facility by Fiji Sugar Corporation but under the jurisdiction of FPCL under its Seaports Management Act.

 Maximum draft: XX meters  Tankers: Discharge lines 8 in. diameter. Depths alongside 42ft. No permanent discharge facility.  Density : Salt water, density 1025 approximately, no tide effect on density  Fresh Water: Available at all berths Delivery rate 30 t.p.h per hose; Hose diameter 75 mm  Tug Boat Available by South Sea Towage Limited, must be arranged from Suva prior to arrival.

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 Pilot Boat Not available.

2.1.3.3. Port of Savusavu

Mainly used for private ships. There is a wharf handling regular passenger service from Suva.

Savusavu is located on Fiji’s northern island of Vanua Levu. It can be reached by plane from Nadi (one hour) or by ferry from Suva or Lautoka (approx 12 hour trip). Savusavu was originally established as a trading center for sandalwood, beached-de-mer and copra, and is the site of a major copra mill.

 Anchorage depth: 23.2m  Cargo pier depth: 4.9m - 6.1m

Location of the Port Port Name Port of Savusavu Latitude 16°46′0.00 Longitude 179°19′60.00″E Town or City (Closest Savusavu Port Authority Fiji Port corporation Limited Phone + 679 3312700 Port Contacts Port Operating Company Ports Terminal Limited (PTL) Contact P.O.Box 88 Levuka Fiji Mob Telephone 679 3440189 Fax 679 3440261 Email Web http://www.portofsuva.com

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Port Operations Fiji Ports Corporation Limited Contact Mob Telephone + 679 6662160 Fax + 679 6665799 Email Web http://www.portofsuva.com

Port Customs Contact Email [email protected] Telephone (679) 330 2864 Fax Email [email protected] Web http://www.frca.org.fj/ Radio

Back to Top of Chapter or back to Table of Contents

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2.2. Airport Assessment

Introduction

Growth in this sector is mainly driven by expansion in the tourism industry, contributing significantly to the number of passengers, as well as by growth in air cargo. Major developments in the sector include, reform of AFL and CAAFI, upgrading of Nadi Terminal, upgrading of the Nadi runway, and the upgrading and development of outer island airports. Air Pacific has also made significant investment in the purchase of new aircrafts. A domestic aviation review study in 2003, found substantial social and economic justification for continuing the payment of service subsidies to certain isolated routes. Most of the population on outer islands has difficulty affording normal airfares. Government will consider extending the subsidies to other airlines to service additional routes.

Lack of competition with Air Pacific on regional routes has constrained the development of tourism in Fiji and the capacity for raising exports of goods into the region when PICTA came into force.

Air Services Sector Structure

Airports Fiji Limited (AFL) administers Fiji’s 6.5 million square km of airspace (Flight Information Region) and the operation of Nadi and Nausori International Airports and the operation of 13 other Government airports in Fiji.

Air Terminal Services Fiji Limited (ATSFL) provides ground handling services to regional and international carriers at Nadi Airport. These include Line Maintenance; Catering and Cabin Services; Passenger Services; Ramp Services and Freight Sales & Handling Services. In addition to handling scheduled carriers, ATS provides all services as required to all types of ad hoc operators ranging from charter flights and long haul freighters to military and private aircraft. They are certified to handle and are equipped to work on everything from wide-bodied passenger and freight aircraft to turbo prop and light aircraft.

The Civil Aviation Authority of Fiji (CAAFI) retained the technical regulatory functions of the aviation industry to comply with National and International standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) Standards and Recommended Practices. Its functions also include the registration of aircraft; safety of air navigation and aircraft; control of air traffic; certification of aircraft and operators; licensing of aircrew and airports.

On the other hand, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and Civil Aviation through its Department of Civil Aviation is tasked with the responsibility of ensuring the currency of the existing 28 Air Service Agreement (ASA) as well as negotiating new ASA with strategic partners. Additional to its CNS/ATM (Communication, Navigation & Surveillance/Air Traffic Management) responsibility the taking over by the AFL of operations of airports was part of Government's reform of its public enterprises to improve customer focus, lower costs to business and consumers and to improve efficiencies, in particular the return on investment.

International Airports

International airports are located at Nadi and Nausori. Nadi International Airport has the capacity to handle up to a fivefold increase in aircraft movements without any significant change to the current level of manpower and is used by most international airlines operating on transpacific air routes. Fiji enjoys regular air services to Australia, New Zealand, the United States of America, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Samoa, American Samoa, Tonga, Vanuatu, PNG, Solomon Islands, Kiribati, Tuvalu, and Nauru. There are regular daily flights between Nadi and Suva through Air Pacific’s domestic airline, the Pacific Sun.

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The 2 international airports were at varying levels equipped with modern passenger and cargo screening facilities, upgraded amenities, CCTV cameras, new trolleys etc. Airports Fiji Limited (AFL) has Master Plans for Nadi International Airport and Nausori International Airport and will continue to upgrade its domestic airports.

Main Carrier

Air Pacific continues to be the main airline operating international air services to and from Fiji, and there is also a range of other carriers serving Fiji such as Pacific Blue, Australia V, Jetstar (from 29th March 2010), The national airline Air Pacific operates scheduled flights between Nadi, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, Hong Kong and West Coast USA, as well as other regional countries of the South Pacific.

The Fiji Islands are serviced regularly by major airlines including Qantas, Air New Zealand, Canadian Pacific, Korean Airlines, Solomon Airlines, Air Caledonia International, Air Marshall Islands, Continental Micronesia, Our Airline, Air Niugini, Air Vanuatu Airlines Tonga, and Air Kiribati. There are scheduled internal air service and regular daily flights between Nadi International Airport and Suva. Air Pacific also provides code-share arrangements with Qantas on some of the air routes. Pacific Sun, Pacific Island Air Ltd, Coral Airways, Turtle Airways and Air Wakaya provide plane charter services and Pacific Crown Aviation provides a helicopter hire service.

Air Pacific commenced flights to Hong Kong in December 2009 with the new air services agreement (ASA) signed with China in early 2009. A similar ASA has been signed with Continental Micronesia to service routes between Guam/Nadi/Honolulu soon. In mid-2009, AFL started works on upgrading Rotuma airport to bring it up to international standards. Estimated cost of this upgrading work is $17million.

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Airline Operations – International

Air Pacific, Fiji’s national airline, has progressively grown as a local and international airline. Today it operates 6 aircraft types. The aircraft types are:

 1 x Boeing 737 - 700  2 x Boeing 737 - 800  1 x Boeing 767 – 300  2 x Boeing 747 – 400

Besides Air Pacific, Qantas, Air New Zealand, Air Vanuatu, Korean Air, Pacific Blue, and Air Calin provide international services through Nadi Airport. Other European, Asian and Americian continental services are provided by Qantas and Air New Zealand.

Current services provided by Air Pacific (FJ) are as follows: Frequency per Destination week Apia 3 Auckland 11 Brisbane 7 Christchurch 1 Funafuti 2 Hong Kong 2 Honiara 1 Honolulu 2 Los Angeles 4 Melbourne 3 Sydney 7 Tarawa 2 Tonga 4 Vancouver 4 Vila 2 (Air Pacific Ltd - 4th March, 2010)

Airline Operations - Domestic

On the domestic front, development of local air services has progressed well to service Fiji’s outlying islands. Pacific Sun continues to be the principal domestic operator using Nadi Airport as its main base and have recently expanded operations to include flights out of Suva to Levuka, Taunovo Bay, Savusavu, Taveuni and Kadavu – this in addition to their existing operations between Suva & Nadi and Suva & Labasa. Out of Nadi services include flights to Labasa, Savusavu, Taveuni, Kadavu, Malololailai, Mana and Taunovo Bay.

They currently have a fleet of 2 ATR42-500's, 3 De Havilland Twin Otters and 3 Britten Norman Islanders and plans are underway to increase this fleet over the next 12-18 months. New comer Northern Air uses Nausori Airport as its main base operating 1 Britten Norman Islander and are currently in negotiations to purchase a second aircraft. Pacific Sun also covers the South Pacific Islands with their ATR42-500’s.

Other commercial domestic operators offering non-scheduled services include Pacific Island Air, Turtle Airways, Air Wakaya and Laucala Air. Pacific Island Air are a mainly seaplane operation

Page 118 of 217 LCA - Republic of Fiji Version 1.00 (05 March 2012) based at Nadi Airport and provide charters to Island Resorts in the Mamanuca’s, Yasawa’s and Fiji’s Northern Islands. Turtle Airways, also seaplane operators, Air Wakaya and Laucala Air mainly cater to their own properties (Turtle Island Resort, Wakaya Island Resort and Laucala Island Resort) however are also available for Charter services within Fiji. Private Operators include Hibiscus Air and Island Air and these airlines are not available for hire or reward i.e. strictly private operations.

Island Hoppers is Fiji’s only provider of Helicopter service and is based at Nadi Airport. They offer charters, medical evacuations and other services to most island and mainland based resorts throughout Fiji.

Air Services

 Air Freight

Air Freight services are available in two forms, namely, air cargo and air courier. These services are available on all aircraft operating out of Nadi Airport.

 Air Courier

This service is primarily meant for documents and parcels that need immediate delivery within a couple of days. The pertinent feature of courier service is that it is a door-to-door service. There are no prescribed courier rates and varies from courier company to company.

 Air Cargo

International air cargo, airport to airport service is available for all types of commodities. General air cargo rates are prescribed after consultation with air transport body International Air Transport Association (IATA). The minimum rates prescribed are also known as IATA rates. Reduced commodity rates are negotiable with the transporters on the basis of bulk and frequency. Moreover, certain transporters offer special consolidated rates based on a grouping system. Consolidated rates operate under the concept of bringing freight together and hence could work out to be cheaper than general rates. Consolidated rates are normally prescribed by Freight Forwarders who establish their own rates (from the prescribed IATA rates) based on the item, total weight and the frequency at which the targeted weight is achieved. General freight rate, or IATA rate, will be used for goods that cannot wait for grouping dates.

 Registered Freight Forwarders:

These are some of the many freight forwarders available:

 DHL International (Fiji) Limited Email: [email protected] http://www.dhl.com

 Carpenters Shipping Email: [email protected] http://www.carpship.com.fj

 Williams and Goslings Limited [UPS-United Parcel Services] [email protected]

 Air Pacific Limited http://www.airpacific.com

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 CDP Services Limited Email: [email protected]

 EMS Courier Post [email protected]

 Freight Services (Fiji) Ltd http://www.freightservicesfiji.com

2.2.1. Civil Aviation

The Department of Civil Aviation is accountable to the Minister for Civil Aviation through the Permanent Secretary for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation & Civil Aviation in the provision of sound advice that ensure the effective and efficient regulation, technical and economic of air transport within Fiji’s 6.5 million square kilometers of Flight Information Region (FIR). The Department of Civil Aviation is the Government’s focal point to international civil aviation bodies with the likes of the Montreal based "ICAO General Assembly", the link to both the ICAO Montreal based HQ as well as its Bangkok based "Asia and Pacific Regional Office", the Vanuatu based ‘Pacific Islands Aviation Safety Office", the Forum Secretariat sponsored "Pacific Islands Air Services Agreements", the "Regional Steering Committee Meeting for the Cooperative Aviation Programme for Asia and the Pacific", "The Asia/Pacific Directors General of Civil Aviation Conference", the "Association of South Pacific Airlines."

The Department is responsible for the establishment of Air Services Agreements with sovereignties wishing to generate trade, tourism links and diplomatic relations within Fiji through the provisions of air transportation. The Department is responsible for the facilitation of requests for nonscheduled international air operators who wish to make a landing or over flight within our FIR.

The Department is responsible in facilitating the issue of air service licences to international operators wishing to provide scheduled air services into and out of Fiji in accordance with the Air Services Agreement

The Department of Civil Aviation chairs the National Civil Aviation Intelligence Community Committee, the National Aviation Security Committee including the Airport Aviation Security Committees for both Nadi International Airport and Nausori International Airport and represents the Ministry for Civil Aviation in the National Aviation Facilitation Committees and the two International Airports subsidiary Aviation Facilitation Committees.

The Department further represents the interest of The Minister for Civil Aviation in the following Boards;  CAAFI Board  Air Pacific Board and the  Air Transport Licensing Board (ATLB)

The Department is assisted in its civil aviation safety and civil aviation security functions and roles by its operational arms, which are: 1. The Civil Aviation Authority of the Fiji Islands (CAAFI) which is primarily responsible for the technical regulation of air transport stipulated under the Air Navigation Regulations. 2. The Airports Fiji Limited (AFL) tasked under our ANR to look after the CNS/ATM functions of The Minister for Civil Aviation. 3. The Air Terminal Services (ATS) being the Ground Handling Service Provider at our Nadi International Airport in which Government holds majority share

The Department facilitates in the release of Government funds to Airports Fiji Limited for the construction and upgrading of Government airports within Fiji.

The Department provides the Secretariat support services to the ATLB.

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2.2.1.1. Overview All companies mentioned below cover all the airports in Fiji.

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name:Nadi Airport Title: Civil Aviation Authority of Fiji Email:[email protected] e-mail Tel:(679) 672 1555 (CAAFI) address is being protected from Fax:(679) 672 1500 spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it Web:http://www.caafi.org.fj Summary of Role and Services Retained the technical regulatory functions of the aviation industry to comply with National and International standards set by the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) Standards and Recommended Practices. Its functions also includes the registration of aircraft; safety of air navigation and aircraft ; control of air traffic; certification of aircraft and operators; licensing of aircrew and airports.

Company Name & Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Address Name:Mr. Lawrence Liew Airports Fiji Limited (AFL) Title:airport operations and administration Tel:+679 672 5777 extn. 6458 Email:[email protected] Fax: Web:http://www.airportsfiji.com/contactus.php Summary of Role and Services Administers Fiji’s 6.5 million square km of airspace (Flight Information Region) and the operation of Nadi and Nausori International Airports and the operation of 13 other Government airports in Fiji

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name:Nadi Airport Air Terminal Services Fiji Limited Title: Tel:(679) 672 2777 (ATSFL) Email: Fax:(679) 672 0442 Web:http://www.ats.com.fj Summary of Role and Services Provides ground handling services to regional and international carriers at Nadi Airport. These include Line Maintenance; Catering and Cabin Services; Passenger Services; Ramp Services and Freight Sales & Handling Services. In addition to handling scheduled carriers, ATS provides all services as required to all types of ad hoc operators ranging from charter flights and long haul freighters to military and private aircraft. They are certified to handle and are equipped to work on everything from wide-bodied passenger and freight aircraft to turbo prop and light aircraft.

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title:Victoria Parade, Suva Tel:(679) 3316876/77 Department of Civil Aviation Email: Fax:(679) 3315477 Web:http://www.civilaviation.gov.fj Summary of Role and Services Is tasked with the responsibility of ensuring the currency of the existing 28 Air Service Agreement (ASA) as well as negotiating new ASA with strategic partners. Additional to its CNS/ATM (Communication, Navigation & Surveillance/Air Traffic Management) responsibility the taking over by the AFL of operations of airports was part of Government's reform of its public enterprises to improve customer focus, lower costs to business and consumers and to improve efficiencies, in particular the return on investment.

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Tel: +679 672 0888 Title: Air Pacific, Fiji’s national airline Tel: +679 330 4388 Email: Fax:+679 334 6580 Web: http://www.airpacific.com Summary of Role and Services Air Pacific, Fiji’s national airline, has progressively grown as a local and international airline. Air Pacific operates up to 120 flights weekly to 17 cities in 11 countries. 80 % of their business is offshore. Today it operates 6 aircraft types.

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Fleet  2 x B747-400 (457 seats)  1 x B767-300ER (253 seats)  2 x B737-800 (160 seats)  1 x B737-700 (120 seats)  8 x B787-900 (on order)

Nadi is the operational base for Air Pacific, they services six airports throughout the southwest Pacific, and many more on the Pacific Rim.

The Destinations of Air Pacific

2.2.1.2. Procedures for Foreign Registered Aircraft

International Air Service Licences

 Application for International Air Service Licences

Application for an international air service license is valid to those countries that are party to an Air Service Agreement with Fiji.

The Minister for Civil Aviation is the licensing authority for international operators wishing to be issued with a licence to conduct scheduled services into Fiji. Such applications for a licence shall contain copies of the airline’s valid insurance certificate together with its Air Operators Certificate. The two certificates are crucial and are accounted for when operators submit such an application for international air service.

 Application For A Permit To Conduct Air Services Within Fiji With A Foreign Registered Aircraft

The Minister for Civil Aviation is the issuing authority for such permits. Applications for a permit shall contain the aircraft’s Air Operators Certificate and Certificate of Insurance.

 Applications to be addressed as follows

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The Permanent Secretary for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation & Civil Aviation c/-Department of Civil Aviation Private Mail Bag Suva

(Attention: The Director for Civil Aviation)

Domestic Air Service

The Air Transport Licensing Board (ATLB) is the licensing authority in relation to air services operating within Fiji for hire and reward.

Applications for licences to conduct domestic air services shall be made in the form and manner and contain such particulars as required under the Civil Aviation (Licensing of Air Services) Regulations Cap,174.

A formal letter of application to the ATLB, as per the First Schedule in the Civil Aviation (Licensing of Air Services) Regulations Cap 174 addressed accordingly.

The Chairman Air Transport Licensing Board c/- Department of Civil Aviation Private Mail Bag Suva.

The application may be hand delivered to:

The Secretary Air Transport Licensing Board c/-Department of Civil Aviation Level 8, Suvavou House Suva

The applicant will place a Notice of Application in the daily newspaper as per the Second Schedule in the Civil Aviation (Licensing of Air Services) Regulations Cap.174.

Non-scheduled flights

 Details to be included in the application for such non-scheduled non-commercial/commercial civil aircraft over-flights/landing in Fiji.

According to the Aeronautical Information Publication of Fiji the following information should be provided with applications for unscheduled Civil Aircraft Flight Over flight/Landing in Fiji.

Unscheduled Non-Commercial Flights

 Aircraft type and registration.  Pilot’s name.  Purpose of flight.  Origin, destination, and stops in Fiji.  Time and date of arrival and departure.  Numbers and details of passengers on board.  Aircraft take-off weight and tire pressure  Survival equipment carried.

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Unscheduled Commercial Flights

 Aircraft type and registration.  Operator’s name and address  Charterer’s name and address.  Name of agent in Fiji.  Purpose of flight(s).  Details of traffic to be set down and picked up in Fiji.  Proposed fares for passengers originating in Fiji.  Time(s) and date(s) and proposed flight(s).  Aircraft take-off weight and tire pressure.  Details of third party insurance cover for flight over or within Fiji.  Number of passengers on board.

Fees

 Applicable Fees

A licensing fee of $112.50 per year (VIP) is applied to every licence issued for aircrafts registered in Fiji.

International Operators

Tariff Filings by International Airline Operators

 A formal letter of request.  All requests for an amendment to the existing tariffs shall be submitted at least 30 days prior to its proposed effective dates.  Consultation with stakeholders in the aviation industry.  Terms and Conditions of the Tariff.  Routes applied for.

Licence for International Air Operators

 Formal letter of application to the Minister and at least 30 days before the expiry of existing licence.  A valid Insurance Certificate.  A valid Air Operators Certificate.  Consultation with CAAFI on technical regulatory issues.

Permit for Foreign Registered Aircrafts to Operate in Fiji

Requirements

 Formal letter of application to the Minister.  A valid Insurance Certificate.  A valid Air Operators Certificate.  CAAFI consulted on technical regulatory issues.

Quarantined Flights

All International flights from malarial designated ports to land at Nadi International Airport are quarantined. International flights from malarial designated ports wishing to land at Fiji International airports other then Nadi will need to first obtain clearance from the Ministry of Health. This clearance will be facilitated by the Ministry for Civil Aviation.

All crew and passengers are required to obtain health clearance before disembarking

Air Transport Licensing Board (ATLB)

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The Air Transport Licensing Board (“the Board”) is the licensing authority and regulator of domestic air services in Fiji. The functions of the Board are constituted in the Civil Aviation (Licensing of Air Services) Regulations 1985. All applications for licences to perform air services within Fiji for hire or reward are to be made to the Air Transport Licensing Board.

The Chairman and members of the Board are appointed by the Minister responsible for Civil Aviation in accordance with Regulation 18(2) of Section 6 of the Civil Aviation (Licensing of Air Services) Regulations 1985.

Role of the Air Transport Licensing Board

 Grant of Licences

The licensing authority may grant to any person applying therefore a licence to perform an air services between two places within Fiji for such period and on such conditions as may be specified in the licence.

The licensing authority may attach such conditions to any licence as it may think fit and may, from time to time, vary any such conditions.

 Inquiry

The licensing authority may, if it thinks fit, for the purpose of determining applications for licences or for amendments thereof hold inquiries in public or in private. Before holding any such inquiry the licensing authority shall give to the applicant, and to any person who has made any representations or objections with regard to the application.

 Provisional licence

The licensing authority may, if it thinks fit, pending the determination of an application for a licence or for an amendment of a licence, grant to the applicant a provisional licence or make a provisional amendment to a licence which shall remain in force until the application is determined.

 Annual Report of Licensing Board

The Licensing Board shall make an annual report to the Minister on the exercise of its functions during the year.

 Power to revoke or suspend in particular circumstances

The licensing authority may revoke or suspend a licence if

 The holder of the licence has, since the licence was granted, been convicted of an offence against Regulation 4 of the Civil Aviation (Licensing of Air Services) Regulations which states –subject to the provisions of these regulations, it shall not be lawful for any person to use any aircraft for the carriage in Fiji of passengers, mail or freight for hire or reward upon any journey between two places except under, and in accordance with the provisions of a licence granted by the licensing authority.  The holder of the licence has failed to comply with any conditions subject to which the licence was granted.

2.2.2. Nadi International Airport Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Mr. Joe Gray Title: General Manager Airports Tel: +679 672 5777 extn. 6113 Nadi International Airport Email: [email protected] Fax: Web: http://www.airportsfiji.com Summary of Role and Services Nadi International Airport (IATA: NAN, ICAO: NFFN) is the main international gateway for the islands of Fiji. It serves about 1.9 million people per year, and is the main hub of Air Pacific. The airport is 10km from the city of Nadi. In 2010 it handled 103.929 aircraft movements.

Nadi is also the operational hub for Air Pacific.

2.2.2.1. General Overview Location Details Country Fiji Latitude 17° 46' 25.49" S Province / District Western Division Longitude 177° 25' 42.47" E

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Town or City (closest) Nadi Elevation 8 meters Airfield Name Nadi International Airport International Airport Yes IATA: NAN, IATA & ICAO codes Open from/to (hours) 24 / 7 ICAO: NFFN

Nadi Int. Airport General INFO Country Fiji ICAO ID NFFN Time UTC +12 (+13DT) -17.755392 Latitude 17° 45' 19.41" S 177.443378 Longitude 177° 26' 36.16" E 59 feet Elevation 18 meters Type Civil Magnetic Variation 012° E (01/06) Beacon Yes CIVIL GOVERNMENT, (LANDING FEES AND DIPLOMATIC CLEARANCE Operating Agency MAY BE REQUIRED) Island Group Viti Levu Operating Hours 24 HOUR OPERATIONS International Clearance Status Airport of Entry

2.2.2.2. Performance 96% of all visitors to Fiji enter via Nadi Airport, 80% of these visitors are tourists and approximately 24 international scheduled flights a day.

Performance Nadi Int. Airport Year(s) and figures

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Total Aircraft Movements Total Passengers 1.220.000 Passengers (2009) Current monthly use by Humanitarian flights (UNHAS)

2.2.2.3. Cargo Capacity

Air Pacific Cargo

Air Pacific is the main air cargo operator for Fiji Islands

Air Terminal Services - Air Terminal Services is responsible for all import, export and trans-shipment of cargo at Nadi International Airport. o A 15,000 square foot freight terminal facility and a fully integrated material handling system is set aside to cope with air cargo and mail which are processed daily. o Its facilities also include a 12 ton weighbridge and ULD transfer vehicle. o With the installation of two cooler and two freezer rooms capable of holding up to LD9 units, perishable goods can be safely and securely stored.

- ATS acts as cargo agents for most of the major international carriers operating through Nadi Airport. o Services include: . Receipt and dispatch of cargo including transshipment . Preparation of waybills . Cargo search . Cargo bonding facilities o Cargo operations are a 24-hour service. - Given the strategic central location of Fiji in the south Pacific region, Nadi airport is the transit point for cargo destined for the smaller Pacific Island nations.

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- Equipment

o ATS also provides ramp-handling services for all international flights at Nadi airport. ATS has FMC main deck loaders, Treppel 7 tonne loaders with extension slave decks, B747 capable mobile steps.

These specialised equipments enable ATS to handle all types of aircraft including: - A380 - B747 - Freighters - Galaxy C-5 - Private Aircrafts

Registered Freight Forwarders:

These are some of the many freight forwarders available:

 DHL International (Fiji) Limited Email: [email protected] http://www.dhl.com  Carpenters Shipping Email: [email protected] http://www.carpship.com.fj  Williams and Goslings Limited [UPS-United Parcel Services] [email protected]  Air Pacific Limited http://www.airpacific.com  CDP Services Limited Email: [email protected]  EMS Courier Post [email protected]  Freight Services (Fiji) Ltd http://www.freightservicesfiji.com  Freight Products & Services

Air Cargo Customs Clearance

 Fiji Customs are located at Nadi and Suva airports and their hours of operation are:

Mon – Thu: 8.00am to 1.00pm and 2.00pm to 4.30pm

Fri: 8.00am to 1.00pm and 2.00pm to 4.00pm.

 Nadi o Goods are held at Air Terminal Services at the airport under customs control. Uncleared goods are removed to the customs bond after one month and subsequently auctioned.  Suva o Goods are stored under customs control for one month at the Air Pacific or IATA forwarders' warehouse. Uncleared goods are removed to the customs warehouse and subsequently auctioned after one month.

Capacity Cargo Year(s) and figures Total Aircraft Movements

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Total capacity of the airport (mt) Current activity of the airport (mt) Current monthly use by Humanitarian flights (UNHAS)

2.2.2.4. Airfield Details

Airfield Details Nadi Customs Yes JET A-1 fuel Yes Immigration Yes AVGAS 100 Yes Terminal Building Yes Single Point Refuelling Yes Passenger Terminal Yes Air Starter Units Yes Cargo terminal Yes Ground Power (mobile) Yes Pax transport to airfield Yes Crash Crew Yes Control Tower Yes Aircraft Support Services Yes Weather Facilities Yes Latrine Servicing Yes Catering Services Yes Fire Fighting Yes Base Operating Room Yes Fire Fighting Category (ICAO) Category: 8 Airport Radar Yes Fire Fighting Equipment Yes NDB Yes De-icing Equipment No VOR Yes IFR Procedures Yes ILS Yes Runway Lights Yes Approach Lights Yes Parking Ramp Lighting Yes

2.2.2.5. Runway

Runways Nadi Int. Airport ID Dimensions Surface PCN ILS 10739 x 150 feet 02/20 ASPHALT 080FCXT YES 3273 x 46 meters 7007 x 150 feet 09/27 ASPHALT 065FCXT NO 2136 x 46 meters

Runway 02 Nadi Surface ASPHALT True Heading 038.0 -17.773747 Latitude 17° 46' 25.49" S 177.428464 Longitude 177° 25' 42.47" E 26.0 feet Elevation 8 meters Slope 0.1° 10459 feet Landing Distance 3188 meters 10854 feet Takeoff Distance 3308 meters 280 feet Displaced Threshold Length 85 meters 115 feet Overrun Length 35 meters Overrun Surface ASPHALT LIRL Lighting System REIL A

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PAPI

Runway 20 Nadi Surface ASPHALT True Heading 218.0 -17.750389 Latitude 17° 45' 01.40" S 177.447397 Longitude 177° 26' 50.63" E 41.0 feet Elevation 12 meters Slope -0.1° 10739 feet Landing Distance 3273 meters 10739 feet Takeoff Distance 3273 meters LIRL Lighting System PAPI

Runway 09 Nadi Surface ASPHALT True Heading 104.0 -17.753522 Latitude 17° 45' 12.68" S 177.435911 Longitude 177° 26' 09.28" E 17.0 feet Elevation 5 meters Slope 0.6° 7007 feet Landing Distance 2136 meters 7007 feet Takeoff Distance 2136 meters LIRL Lighting System A1 PAPI

Runway 27 Nadi Surface ASPHALT True Heading 284.0 -17.758333 Latitude 17° 45' 30.00" S 177.455414 Longitude 177° 27' 19.49" E 59.0 feet Elevation 18 meters Slope -0.6° 7007 feet Landing Distance 2136 meters 7107 feet Takeoff Distance 2166 meters 100 feet Overrun Length 30 meters Overrun Surface ASPHALT LIRL Lighting System PAPI

2.2.2.6. Helicopter Pad(s)

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There is 1 company arranging all the helicopter transport Island Hoppers. Island Hoppers offers transfers from Nadi Airport or Denarau. Fleet can be chartered for specific requests.

Fleet comprises of 14 aircraft which are configured for utility operations.

 Two Eurocopter AS350 BA  One Eurocopter AS350 FX-1  One Eurocopter AS350 B2  Two MD500D  Four Bell 212  Three PAC P-750  One Bell 407

Island Hoppers Helicopters

Ph: (679) 6720410 Fax: (679) 6720172 Email: [email protected]

Helipad Present Yes Largest helicopter that can land All Width and Length (metres) Airport apron Surface Asphalt

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2.2.2.7. Airport Operating Details

Nadi Int. Airport Navaids Distance Bearing From Type ID Name Channel Freq From Field Navaid VOR-DME NN NADI 072X 112.5 6.6 NM 143.3 NDB VK NAVAKAI - 405 2.2 NM 038.0

Nadi Int. Airport Supplies/Equipment Jet A1, without icing inhibitor. Fuel 100/130 octane gasoline, leaded, MIL-L-5572F (GREEN)

Nadi Int. Airport Remarks CAUTION BASH FUEL A1 (C 679-720-042) (NC-100) PAPI Rwy 02 PAPI TCH 75'; Rwy 09 PAPI TCH 50'; Rwy 20 PAPI 3.20 TCH LGT 70'; Rwy 27A-PAPI TCH 54'. Arrivals and departures are much preferred to be to the south, due to the close proximity of the Sabeto Range to the immediate north of the airport. A large turn around area, suitable for Boeing 747s, is located to the left of the MISC threshold of Runway 02, in case meteorological factors make departure to the north necessary.

NS ABTMT See FLIP PLANNING AP/3. OPR HOURS H24 RESTRICTIONS Night Take off on Runway 20 and ldg Runway 27 prohibited TFC PAT Due to hi terrain to the N and NE of afld, deps fr Rwy 02 must begin lt turn

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onto hdg 260 mag no later than EOR of Rwy 02. Rwy 09 - rgt turn to 270 aft tkof.

Airport Operating Details Max size aircraft that can be offloaded on bulk cargo A380 Max size cargo aircraft that can be offloaded on pallet A380 Total Parking Area m² 80K Storage Capacity mt 2,500 Cargo Handling Equipment Yes If yes, specify below Can reach the upper - Elevators / Hi-loaders Yes Max. Capacity: 7 mt Yes deck of B747? - Loading Ramps Yes

2.2.2.8. Costs – Navigation Charges Navigation Charges (US$) Aircraft Weight – MTOW (kg) Navigation (per journey) Over-Flight 0 3,500 3,501 10,000 10,001 20,000 20,001 50,000 50,001 100,000 100,001 200,000 200,001 and over Note: Please amend MTOW to suit local rates

2.2.2.9. Costs – Airfield Charges Airfield Charges (US$) Aircraft Weight – MTOW (kg) Landing Night Landing Night Take-off Parking 0 1,500 C 172 1,501 2,500 C 205 2,501 5,000 C 208 5,001 10,000 DC-3 10,001 20,000 Dash-7 20,001 40,000 Dash-8 40,001 80,000 An-12 80,001 120,000 B757 120,001 180,000 B767 180,001 300,000 IL-76 300,001 and over An-124 Note #1: Night landing hours are between XX – XX hours Note #2: Parking charges are for each X hours or part thereof Note #3: All of these charges are administered by XXX and are the same for all airports in XXX

2.2.2.10. Costs – Aircraft Handling Charges Aircraft Handling Schedule Aircraft Weight – MTOW kgs Charges (US$) 0 1,500 C 172 1,501 2,500 C 205

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2,501 5,000 C 208 5,001 10,000 DC-3 10,001 20,000 Dash-7 20,001 40,000 Dash-8 40,001 80,000 An-12 80,001 120,000 B757 120,001 180,000 B767 180,001 300,000 IL-76 300,001 and over An-124

2.2.2.11. Costs – Aircraft Servicing Charges Aircraft Servicing Charges Service Ad-Hoc / US$ Chocks Per operation Stairs Per unit per hour GPU Per hour ASU Per hour Loader Per hour Toilet Service Per aircraft Pushback Per operation Trailer/dolly Per operation

2.2.2.12. Ground Handling Company

Air Terminal Services (Fiji) Limited is the only ground handling company in Fiji and provide complete Ground Handling Services at Nadi International Airport. These include Line Maintenance, Catering and Cabin Services, Passenger Services, Ramp Services and Freight Sales & Handling Services.

The company is based at Nadi International Airport and its scope of activities includes the following:  Flight Catering Services  Cabin Services  Cargo & Ramp Services  Passenger Handling Services  Aircraft Maintenance  Cargo Sales

Aircraft Handling Agent Air Terminal Services (ATS)

Cruickshank Road Name & Address Nadi Airport Fiji Islands

Contact Mob (679) 672 0442

Telephone (679) 672 2777 Fax

Email Web http://www.ats.com.fj

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2.2.2.13. Costs – Cargo Terminal Charges

Pacifc Air Cargo Tariff Rules and Regulations (28 Feb. 2011)

Airway Bill Prep fee $35 will be added to the invoice total for each airway bill prepared by PAC A minimum of $75 fee. This rate is not guaranteed if the freight is oversize, Airport Transfers requires special handling/equipment. Passenger Aircraft: Rated per the MUST-RIDE rate plus $95.00 per declaration. (Shipments destined to Outer Islands subject to additional $50.00 per declaration) Dangerous Goods Cargo Aircraft: Rated at $1.25 per lbs plus $95.00 per declaration (Shipments destined to Outer Islands subject to additional $75.00 per declaration) No discounts given on Dangerous Goods shipments Up to $10,000.00 declared value with no pre-approval required. Any shipment with a DV exceeding $10,000.00 requires upper management approval. Declared Value Whenever a DV exceeding $10,000.00 at the time the booking is placed. Charges are $0.85 per $100.00 DV; minimum $20.00

Fees begin after three (3) days. Fees will not exceed the cost to replace the equipment, plus 15% and damages to equipment will also incur a bill-back of 115% of the cost to replace/repair the equipment.

Demurrage Fees and Damaged  LD3: $25 per day Equipment  M1/ LD7/ AMJ: $50 per day  M2/20 ft pallet: $100 per day  Straps: $10 per day  Nets: $15 per day

(Charges apply to dimensional weight or actual weight, whichever is greater.) (Domestic = 194 internal =166) DIM Factor I.E. L x W x H = ___ divided by 194 or 166 = Chargeable weight if greater than actual weight

Documentation Request Charge for copies of invoices-- $5.00 per invoice

Fuel surcharge is calculated as a percentage of the airfreight charges. It is Fuel Surcharge determined by current and steady trends in the market, and is therefore subject to change without notice.

LD7 defined as shipper built 64” or less M1 VS. LD7 M1 defined as shipper built great than 64” in height If anyone books an LD7 and it arrives at PAC facility higher than 64”, the customer will be charged for an M1

Oversize surcharges begin at 84 inches (any dim) the criteria is as follows:

84’-124” surcharged at 130% of applicable rate and 125”-240” will be surcharged at 150% of applicable rate.

. Any piece when all dimensions total 240” and over, please call for a Quote. Oversize Rules Any one dimension over 240” please call for a quote. Oversize shipments that are not quoted are subject to a position, or a higher percentage charge.No discounts given on oversize shipments

Oversize shipments are subject to delay

Outer Island Shipments Call for a Quote - Prices may fluctuate

Pallet Re Build / RE Configuration Any pallet requiring re configuration will fit the aircraft is $150.00 to $250.00

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per PMC. $300.00 for PGA.

It is the customer’s responsibility to verify re-weighs and re-dims. If the driver Re-Weigh and Re-Dims chooses NOT to wait for the dock re-weigh/dim then the bill will be rated as per the numbers of warehouse staff. No discrepancies will be credited after billed.

All shipments are subject to Security surcharge. Shipments destined to an Security Outer Island destination are subject to an additional Security surcharge.

In order for a spot quote to be honored the spot quote number must be noted Spot Quotes on the air bill. Otherwise the quote will not be valid.

Import Fees Customer will be charged up to $40.00 in Import Fees for freight that is bonded

$ .06 per lb., charged on actual weight, $ 30.00 minimum. Storage fees begin Storage Fees on day 3 after arrival/notification of freight arrival. Sundays excluded.

Can provide additional coverage for $1.00 per $100.00 declared or $75.00 minimum. We will need a detailed description of the item, packing Trip Transit Insurance specifications and proper documentation to validate the amount of coverage requested.

Cargo Terminal Charges Import Rate US$ / kg Handling Charge per kg Break Bulk Fee Diplomatic Mail Strong Room – per consignment Cold Storage Fee Delivery outside normal working hours Preparation of substitute AOA – Invoice – Receipt Storage per kg per day – Grace period? hours Export Rate US$ / kg Handling charges – Unpalletized cargo International Air Way Bill Local Air Way Bill Air Way Bill Amendment - Cancellation Air Way Bill Documentation Diplomatic Mail Storage charges per kg per day

2.2.2.14. Costs – Air-bridge Charges

2.2.2.15. Costs – Fuel Services Charges

2.2.2.16. Security Properly managed, regular exercises and simulations (yearly basis)

Security Good Marginal Bad

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2.2.2.17. Storage Facilities

Air Terminal Services is responsible for all import, export and trans-shipment of cargo at Nadi International Airport.

- A 15,000 square foot freight terminal facility and a fully integrated material handling system is set aside to cope with air cargo and mail which are processed daily. - Its facilities also include a 12 ton weighbridge and ULD transfer vehicle. - With the installation of two cooler and two freezer rooms capable of holding up to LD9 units, perishable goods can be safely and securely stored.

2.2.2.18. Customs Contact

 Fiji Customs are located at Nadi and Suva airports and their hours of operation are:

Mon – Thu: 8.00am to 1.00pm and 2.00pm to 4.30pm

Fri: 8.00am to 1.00pm and 2.00pm to 4.00pm.

 Nadi o Goods are held at Air Terminal Services at the airport under customs control. Uncleared goods are removed to the customs bond after one month and subsequently auctioned.

2.2.2.18.1 List of registered customs agents in Nadi Airport

 Air Customs (Nadi) Ltd P. O. Box 9676, Nadi Airport Surendra Prasad Tel: (679) 672 3122 Fax: (679) 672 0553

 Air Terminal Services Private Mail Bag Nadi Airport Mahbir Singh Neel Kishore Tel: (679) 672 1500 Fax: (676) 672 0481

 Airro Shipping Agency Ltd (Nadi) P. O. Box 9444 Nadi Airport Rajendra Prasad Sharma Vinesh Rao Tel: (679) 672 5760 Fax: (679) 672 5612

 Allied Customs Brokers P.O. Box 9140 Nadi Airport Satya Nadan Tel: (679) 672 4606 Fax: (679) 672 4377

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 Carpenters Shipping‐Nadi P. O. Box 1174 Nadi Airport Fabian Vikash Ravin Kumar Tel: (679) 672 2933 Fax: (679) 672 0056

 D H L Customs Services Ltd P. O. Box 9072 Nadi Airport Shiu Chand Tel: (679) 672 3800 Fax: (679) 672 0123

 Freight Forwarders of Fiji Ltd P. O. Box 9135 Nadi Airport S K Singh Tel: (679) 672 3188 Fax: (679) 672 0154

 Gibson Freight Int'l (Fiji)Ltd P. O. Box 9907 Nadi Airport Ajit Singh Tel: (679) 672 0333 Fax: (679) 672 0306

 International Freight & Clearance P. O. Box 9013 Nadi Airport Yogendra Prasad Tel: (679) 672 4451 Fax: (679) 672 4450

 Pacific Agencies(Fiji) – Nadi Airport P. O. Box 49, Lautoka Ambika Prasad Tel (679) 672 5054 Fax : (679) 672 5144

 Unispeed Air Services P. O. Box 9087 Nadi Airport Praveen Chandra Tel: (679) 672 0633 Fax: (679) 672 0301

 Western Customs Brokers (Airport) Ltd P. O. Box 9391, Nadi Airport Nalini Prasad Tel:(679) 672 2909 Fax:(679) 672 2881

 Williams & Gosling Ltd P. O. Box 9414 Nadi Airport Santok Singh Narend Chand

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Ritesh Chand Tel: (679) 672 2855 Fax:(679) 672 0432

2.2.3. Nausori Airport

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Tel Nausori International Airport Email: Fax: Web: Summary of Role and Services Nausori International Airport (IATA: SUV, ICAO: NFNA). Also known as Luvuluvu, Nausori Airport is the second International Airport in Fiji. It is situated in Nausori on the south-Eastern side of Viti Levu (Fiji's main island). Nausori Airport is about 23km (30 minute drive) from Fiji's capital city, Suva.

Runway NausoriInt. Airport Latitude 18°02′36″S Longitud 178°33′33″E Direction Length Surface 10/28 1.868 meters 6.129 ft Asphalt

2.2.3.1. General Overview

Location Details Country Fiji Latitude 18° 02' 35.76" S Province / District Western Division Longitude 178° 33' 33.22" E Town or City (closest) Nausori Elevation 5 meters Nausori International Airfield Name International Airport Yes Airport IATA & ICAO codes IATA: SUV Open from/to (hours) 17.30 – 09.30 UTC

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ICAO: NFNA 5.30 – 21.30 Local Time Nausori General INFO Country Fiji ICAO ID NFNA Time UTC+12(+13DT) -18.043267 Latitude 18° 02' 35.76" S 178.559228 Longitude 178° 33' 33.22" E 17 feet Elevation 5 meters Type Civil Magnetic Variation 012° E (01/06) Beacon Yes CIVIL GOVERNMENT, (LANDING FEES AND DIPLOMATIC CLEARANCE Operating Agency MAY BE REQUIRED) Near City Suva Island Group Viti Levu I SEE REMARKS FOR OPERATING HOURS OR COMMUNICATIONS FOR Operating Hours POSSIBLE HOURS

2.2.3.2. Performance

Performance Nausori Int. Airport Year(s) and figures Total Aircraft Movements International Passengers : 16.000 Total Passengers Domestic passengers : 225.000 Current monthly use by Humanitarian flights (UNHAS)

2.2.3.3. Cargo Capacity Capacity Cargo Year(s) and figures Total Aircraft Movements Total capacity of the airport (mt) Current activity of the airport (mt) Current monthly use by Humanitarian flights (UNHAS)

2.2.3.4. Airfield Details

Airfield Details Nausori Customs Yes JET A-1 fuel Yes Immigration Yes AVGAS 100 Yes Terminal Building Yes Single Point Refuelling No Passenger Terminal Yes Air Starter Units Cargo terminal Yes Ground Power (mobile) Yes Pax transport to airfield No Crash Crew Yes Control Tower Yes Aircraft Support Services Yes Weather Facilities Yes Latrine Servicing Yes Catering Services Yes Fire Fighting Yes Base Operating Room Yes Fire Fighting Category (ICAO) Category: 5 Airport Radar Yes Fire Fighting Equipment Yes

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NDB Yes De-icing Equipment No VOR Yes IFR Procedures ILS No Runway Lights Yes Approach Lights Yes Parking Ramp Lighting Yes

2.2.3.5. Runway Runways Nausori Airport ID Dimensions Surface PCN ILS 6129 x 100 feet 10/28 ASPHALT 042FCXT NO 1868 x 30 meters

Runway 10 Nausori Surface ASPHALT True Heading 109.0 -18.040497 Latitude 18° 02' 25.79" S 178.550908 Longitude 178° 33' 03.27" E 17.0 feet Elevation 5 meters Slope -0.1° 5735 feet Landing Distance 1748 meters 6413 feet Takeoff Distance 1955 meters 394 feet Displaced Threshold Length 120 meters 284 feet Overrun Length 87 meters Overrun Surface ASPHALT PCL LIRL Lighting System REIL PAPI

Runway 28 Nausori Surface ASPHALT True Heading 289.0 -18.046039 Latitude 18° 02' 45.74" S 178.567550 Longitude 178° 34' 03.18" E 10.0 feet Elevation 3 meters Slope 0.1° 6129 feet Landing Distance 1868 meters 6129 feet Takeoff Distance 1868 meters PCL LIRL Lighting System REIL PAPI

2.2.3.6. Helicopter Pad(s)

Helipad

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Present Yes Largest helicopter that can land All Width and Length (metres) Airport apron Surface Asphalt

2.2.3.7. Airport Operating Details

Nausori Communications TWR 119.7 HO TRML INFO 128.5 HO APP 119.7 HO

Nausori Navaids Distance Bearing From Type ID Name Channel Freq From Field Navaid VOR-DME NA NAUSORI 059X 112.2 At Field - NDB NV NAVUA - 281 9.9 NM 062.6

Nausori. Airport Supplies/Equipment Jet A1, without icing inhibitor. Fuel 100/130 octane gasoline, leaded, MIL-L-5572F (GREEN)

Nausori Airport Remarks Hi intensity lgt at Ratu Cakobau Park lctd 1 NM fr Rwy 10 thld. Possible veh CAUTION tfcalong parl road on west side of rwy which crosses Rwy 10 flt path. CSTMS/AG/IMG Avbl HO. FUEL (NC-100, A1) LGT PAPI TCH 50'. ACTIVATE-Rwy 10-28-130.8. OPR HOURS Opr 1730-0930Z.

Airport Operating Details Max size aircraft that can be offloaded on bulk cargo B 737 - 800 Max size cargo aircraft that can be offloaded on pallet No equipment Total Parking Area m² 10,000 3 hangars, used as long term parking for private planes, Storage Capacity mt may be temporarily used as storage / dispatching centers during emergencies Cargo Handling Equipment No If yes, specify below Can reach the upper - Elevators / Hi-loaders No Max. Capacity: mt No deck of B747? - Loading Ramps Yes

Ongoing projects at Nausori airport.

- Extension of the runway of Nausori Airport. The objective is to make a landing strip which can operate A330 / A330 – 300. The first phase will concern the widening of the runway up to 45 meters (30 actually). The second phase will extend the length of the runway to secure A330 landing and takeoff. - A second objective will be to allow night operations for jets (actually, only ATR-42s operate during night time).

2.2.3.8. Costs – Navigation Charges

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Navigation Charges (US$) Aircraft Weight – MTOW (kg) Navigation (per journey) Over-Flight 0 3,500 3,501 10,000 10,001 20,000 20,001 50,000 50,001 100,000 100,001 200,000 200,001 and over Note: Please amend MTOW to suit local rates

2.2.3.9. Costs – Airfield Charges Airfield Charges (US$) Aircraft Weight – MTOW (kg) Landing Night Landing Night Take-off Parking 0 1,500 C 172 1,501 2,500 C 205 2,501 5,000 C 208 5,001 10,000 DC-3 10,001 20,000 Dash-7 20,001 40,000 Dash-8 40,001 80,000 An-12 80,001 120,000 B757 120,001 180,000 B767 180,001 300,000 IL-76 300,001 and over An-124 Note #1: Night landing hours are between XX – XX hours Note #2: Parking charges are for each X hours or part thereof Note #3: All of these charges are administered by XXX and are the same for all airports in XXX

2.2.3.10. Costs – Aircraft Handling Charges Aircraft Handling Schedule Aircraft Weight – MTOW kgs Charges (US$) 0 1,500 C 172 1,501 2,500 C 205 2,501 5,000 C 208 5,001 10,000 DC-3 10,001 20,000 Dash-7 20,001 40,000 Dash-8 40,001 80,000 An-12 80,001 120,000 B757 120,001 180,000 B767 180,001 300,000 IL-76 300,001 and over An-124

2.2.3.11. Costs – Aircraft Servicing Charges

2.2.3.12. Ground Handling Company

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Air Terminal Services (Fiji) Limited is the only ground handling company in Fiji and provide complete Ground Handling Services at Nadi International Airport. These include Line Maintenance, Catering and Cabin Services, Passenger Services, Ramp Services and Freight Sales & Handling Services.

The company is based at Nadi International Airport and its scope of activities includes the following:  Flight Catering Services  Cabin Services  Cargo & Ramp Services  Passenger Handling Services  Aircraft Maintenance  Cargo Sales

Aircraft Handling Agent Air Terminal Services (ATS)

Cruickshank Road Name & Address Nadi Airport Fiji Islands

Contact Mob (679) 672 0442

Telephone (679) 672 2777 Fax

Email Web http://www.ats.com.fj

2.2.3.13. Costs – Cargo Terminal Charges

Pacifc Air Cargo Tariff Rules and Regulations (28 Feb. 2011)

Airway Bill Prep fee $35 will be added to the invoice total for each airway bill prepared by PAC A minimum of $75 fee. This rate is not guaranteed if the freight is oversize, Airport Transfers requires special handling/equipment. Passenger Aircraft: Rated per the MUST-RIDE rate plus $95.00 per declaration. (Shipments destined to Outer Islands subject to additional $50.00 per declaration) Dangerous Goods Cargo Aircraft: Rated at $1.25 per lbs plus $95.00 per declaration (Shipments destined to Outer Islands subject to additional $75.00 per declaration) No discounts given on Dangerous Goods shipments Up to $10,000.00 declared value with no pre-approval required. Any shipment with a DV exceeding $10,000.00 requires upper management approval. Declared Value Whenever a DV exceeding $10,000.00 at the time the booking is placed. Charges are $0.85 per $100.00 DV; minimum $20.00

Fees begin after three (3) days. Fees will not exceed the cost to replace the equipment, plus 15% and damages to equipment will also incur a bill-back of 115% of the cost to replace/repair the equipment.

Demurrage Fees and Damaged  LD3: $25 per day Equipment  M1/ LD7/ AMJ: $50 per day  M2/20 ft pallet: $100 per day  Straps: $10 per day  Nets: $15 per day

DIM Factor (Charges apply to dimensional weight or actual weight, whichever is greater.)

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(Domestic = 194 internal =166)

I.E. L x W x H = ___ divided by 194 or 166 = Chargeable weight if greater than actual weight

Documentation Request Charge for copies of invoices-- $5.00 per invoice

Fuel surcharge is calculated as a percentage of the airfreight charges. It is Fuel Surcharge determined by current and steady trends in the market, and is therefore subject to change without notice.

LD7 defined as shipper built 64” or less M1 VS. LD7 M1 defined as shipper built great than 64” in height If anyone books an LD7 and it arrives at PAC facility higher than 64”, the customer will be charged for an M1

Oversize surcharges begin at 84 inches (any dim) the criteria is as follows:

84’-124” surcharged at 130% of applicable rate and 125”-240” will be surcharged at 150% of applicable rate.

. Any piece when all dimensions total 240” and over, please call for a Quote. Oversize Rules Any one dimension over 240” please call for a quote. Oversize shipments that are not quoted are subject to a position, or a higher percentage charge.No discounts given on oversize shipments

Oversize shipments are subject to delay

Outer Island Shipments Call for a Quote - Prices may fluctuate

Any pallet requiring re configuration will fit the aircraft is $150.00 to $250.00 Pallet Re Build / RE Configuration per PMC. $300.00 for PGA.

It is the customer’s responsibility to verify re-weighs and re-dims. If the driver Re-Weigh and Re-Dims chooses NOT to wait for the dock re-weigh/dim then the bill will be rated as per the numbers of warehouse staff. No discrepancies will be credited after billed.

All shipments are subject to Security surcharge. Shipments destined to an Security Outer Island destination are subject to an additional Security surcharge.

In order for a spot quote to be honored the spot quote number must be noted Spot Quotes on the air bill. Otherwise the quote will not be valid.

Import Fees Customer will be charged up to $40.00 in Import Fees for freight that is bonded

$ .06 per lb., charged on actual weight, $ 30.00 minimum. Storage fees begin Storage Fees on day 3 after arrival/notification of freight arrival. Sundays excluded.

Can provide additional coverage for $1.00 per $100.00 declared or $75.00 minimum. We will need a detailed description of the item, packing Trip Transit Insurance specifications and proper documentation to validate the amount of coverage requested.

Cargo Terminal Charges Import Rate US$ / kg Handling Charge per kg Break Bulk Fee Diplomatic Mail Strong Room – per consignment

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Cold Storage Fee Delivery outside normal working hours Preparation of substitute AOA – Invoice – Receipt Storage per kg per day – Grace period? hours Export Rate US$ / kg Handling charges – Unpalletized cargo International Air Way Bill Local Air Way Bill Air Way Bill Amendment - Cancellation Air Way Bill Documentation Diplomatic Mail Storage charges per kg per day

2.2.3.14. Costs – Air-bridge Charges

2.2.3.15. Costs – Fuel Services Charges

2.2.3.16. Security

Security Good Marginal Bad

2.2.3.17. Storage Facilities

3 hangars, used as long term parking for private planes, may be temporarily used as storage / dispatching centers during emergencies

2.2.3.18. Customs Contact

 Fiji Customs are located at Nadi and Suva airports and their hours of operation are:

Mon – Thu: 8.00am to 1.00pm and 2.00pm to 4.30pm

Fri: 8.00am to 1.00pm and 2.00pm to 4.00pm.

 Nadi o Goods are held at Air Terminal Services at the airport under customs control. Uncleared goods are removed to the customs bond after one month and subsequently auctioned.

List of registered customs agents in Nadi Airport

 Air Customs (Suva) Ltd G. P. O. Box 12601, Suva Kamlesh Chandra Tel: (679) 330 1568 Fax: (679) 330 0142

 Airro Shipping Agency Ltd (Suva) G.P.O. Box 791, Suva

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Satish Kumar Tel: (679)331 9007 Fax: (679) 331 8915

 Basic Industries Ltd P. O. Box 369, Suva Kishore Chand Tel: (679) 331 1433 Fax: (679) 330 0878

 Cargo Brokers International P. O. Box 12434, Suva D N Sharma Tel: (679) 330 5831 Fax: (679) 330 5692

 Cargo Care Fiji P. O. Box 16227, Suva Ratu Vula Kauvaki Tel: (679) 331 2558 Fax (679) 331 2747

 Carpenters Shipping‐Suva Private Mail Bag, Suva Manikam Narayan Ramesh P. Lal Tel: (679) 331 2244 Fax: (679) 330 1572

 D H L Customs Services Ltd Grantham Road, Raiwaqa, Suva Viklesh Narayan Tel: (679) 337 2766 Fax: (679) 337 2760

 D N Patel & Co. P. O. Box 233, Suva Suresh Chandra Tel: (679) 330 1549 Fax: (679) 330 3673

 Dinesh Chauhan & Company Private Mail Bag, Suva Dinesh Chauhan Jagdish Chauhan Tel: (679) 331 2725 Fax: (679) 330 2493

 Export Freight Services Fiji Ltd G. P. O. Box 13575, Suva Malcom Chen Tel: (679) 330 5044 Fax: (679) 330 8293

 Movement International Fiji Ltd P. O. Box 12158 Suva Philip Bali Tel: (679) 310 0271

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Fax: (679) 331 9479

 Freight Services (Fiji) Ltd P. O. Box 12671, Suva Solo Taoi Tel: (679) 330 9603 Fax: (679) 330 3654

 General Mach. & Customs Forwarding Ltd P. O. Box 1614, Suva Satendra Deb Tel: (679) 330 4051 Fax: (679) 330 0849

 Gibson Freight Intl 6 Edinburgh Drive, Suva Haren Vishwa Tel: (679) 331 5767 Fax: (679) 331 5985

 Island Customs Service Ltd. G. P. O. Box 13802, Suva Satish Chandra Tel: (679) 331 3676 Fax: (679) 330 3168

 Pacific Agencies Fiji Ltd. P. O. Box 15832, Suva Satish Chandra Ronald Dass Tel: (679) 331 5444 Fax: (679) 330 2754

 Pacific Customs Agencies P. O. Box 12070, Suva Anthony Yee Tel: (679) 330 1440 Fax: (679) 330 1041

 Speedy Customs Services G. P. O. Box 16394, Suva Amit Kumar Prasad Ramesh Prasad Tel: (679) 339 0915 Fax:(679) 339 0957

 V C Customs Service P. O. Box 12670, Suva Vinesh Chandra Tel: (679) 331 2720 Fax: (679) 331 5704

 Williams & Gosling Ltd P. O. Box 79,

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Suva Vereniki Qiodravu Sokonaia Moci Merea Tofiga Ponijese Kotoisuva Tel: (679) 331 2633 Fax:(679) 330 2416

2.2.4. National Airports & Airfields

Development of local air services has progressed well to service Fiji’s outlying islands. Pacific Sun continues to be the principal domestic operator using Nadi Airport as its main base and have recently expanded operations to include flights out of Suva to Levuka, Taunovo Bay, Savusavu, Taveuni and Kadavu – this in addition to their existing operations between Suva & Nadi and Suva & Labasa. Out of Nadi services include flights to Labasa, Savusavu, Taveuni, Kadavu, Malololailai, Mana and Taunovo Bay.

They currently have a fleet of 2 ATR42-500's, 3 De Havilland Twin Otters and 3 Britten Norman Islanders and plans are underway to increase this fleet over the next 12-18 months. New comer Northern Air uses Nausori Airport as its main base operating 1 Britten Norman Islander and are currently in negotiations to purchase a second aircraft. Pacific Sun also covers the South Pacific Islands with their ATR42-500’s.

Other commercial domestic operators offering non-scheduled services include Pacific Island Air, Turtle Airways, Air Wakaya and Laucala Air. Pacific Island Air are a mainly seaplane operation based at Nadi Airport and provide charters to Island Resorts in the Mamanuca’s, Yasawa’s and Fiji’s Northern Islands. Turtle Airways, also seaplane operators, Air Wakaya and Laucala Air mainly cater to their own properties (Turtle Island Resort, Wakaya Island Resort and Laucala Island Resort) however are also available for Charter services within Fiji. Private Operators include Hibiscus Air and Island Air and these airlines are not available for hire or reward i.e. strictly private operations.

Island Hoppers is Fiji’s only provider of Helicopter service and is based at Nadi Airport. They offer scenic tours, charters, medical evacuations and other services to most island and mainland based resorts throughout Fiji.

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2.2.4.1. Labasa Airport

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Tel Labasa Airport Email: Fax: Web: Summary of Role and Services Labasa Airport (IATA: LBS, ICAO: NFNL) is located in the north-eastern part of the island of Vanua Levu. It is operated by Airports Fiji Limited. The airport resides at an elevation of 44 feet (13 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 13/31 with an asphalt surface measuring 1,073 by 30 metres (3,520 × 98 ft)

Runway Labasa Airport Latitude 16°28′00″S Longitude 179°20′23″E Direction Length Surface 13/31 1.073 meters 3.521 ft Asphalt

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Airfield Details

Labasa General INFO Country Fiji ICAO ID NFNL Time UTC+12(+13DT) -16.466749 Latitude 16° 28' 00.30" S 179.339860 Longitude 179° 20' 23.50" E 44 feet Elevation 13 meters Magnetic Variation 012° E (01/06) CIVIL GOVERNMENT, (LANDING FEES AND DIPLOMATIC CLEARANCE Operating Agency MAY BE REQUIRED) Island Group Vanua Levu I SEE REMARKS FOR OPERATING HOURS OR COMMUNICATIONS FOR Operating Hours POSSIBLE HOURS

Runway

RunwaysLabasa Airport ID Dimensions Surface PCN ILS 13/31 3521 x 98 feet ASPHALT - NO 1073 x 30 meters

Runway 13 Labasa Surface ASPHALT True Heading 146.0 -16.462750 Latitude 16° 27' 45.90" S 179.337050 Longitude 179° 20' 13.38" E 33.0 feet Elevation 10 meters Slope 0.3°

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3521 feet Landing Distance 1073 meters 3521 feet Takeoff Distance 1073 meters

Runway 31 Labasa Surface ASPHALT True Heading 326.0 -16.470750 Latitude 16° 28' 14.70" S 179.342669 Longitude 179° 20' 33.61" E 44.0 feet Elevation 13 meters Slope -0.3° 3521 feet Landing Distance 1073 meters 3521 feet Takeoff Distance 1073 meters

Airport Operating Details Labasa Communications RDO 122.9 2000-1700Z 6553

Labasa Navaids Distance Bearing From Type ID Name Channel Freq From Field Navaid VOR-DME LB LABASA 098X 115.1 3.2 NM 141.6

Labasa. Airport Supplies/Equipment Fuel 100/130 octane gasoline, leaded, MIL-L-5572F (GREEN)

Labasa Airport Remarks Turb on apch Rwy 13. A large portion of the A/D towards Rwy 31 is obsc by CAUTION sugarcane growth. OPR HOURS Opr 2000-0500Z.

Airport Operating Details Max size aircraft that can be offloaded on bulk cargo ATR 42 – Hercules C130 Max size cargo aircraft that can be offloaded on pallet No equipment available Total Parking Area m² 2,000 Storage Capacity mt No storage capacity Cargo Handling Equipment No If yes, specify below Can reach the upper - Elevators / Hi-loaders No Max. Capacity: mt No deck of B747? - Loading Ramps No

2.2.4.2. Cicia Airport

Cicia Airport Abbreviation NFCI (ICI) Where/nearest Town Cicia Latitude 17°44'36"S Longitude 179°20'32"W

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Elevation 13 ft (4 m) Direction Length Surface 2500 × 75 ft (762 × 23 m) 2.500 ft

Castaway Island Airport Abbreviation NFCS (CST) Where/nearest Town Mamanuca Island Latitude 177° 7’ 20” E Longitude 17° 37’ 10” S Elevation Direction Length Surface

2.2.4.3. Ba Airport

Ba Airport Abbreviation NFFA (BFJ) Where/nearest Town Ba, Viti Levu Longitude 177° 41’ 0” E Latitude 17° 33’ 0” S Elevation 60 ft Direction Length Surface 2520 ft

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2.2.4.4. Malolo Lailai Airport

Malolo Lailai Airport Abbreviation NFFO (PTF) Where/nearest Town Malolo Lailai Latitude 17°46′59″S Longitude 177°12′59″E Elevation 3 m / 10 ft Direction Length Surface 03/21 640 m 2.100 ft Dirt/asphalt

2.2.4.5. Rabi Airport

Rabi Airport Abbreviation NFFR (RBI) Where/nearest Town Rabi Longitude 178° 55’ 0” E Latitude 17° 2’ 0” S Elevation Direction Length Surface Dirt

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2.2.4.6. Kaibu airstrip

Kaibu airstrip Abbreviation NFKB Where/nearest Town Kaibu Island Latitude The island is privately owned by James Jannard, the co founder of Oakley Inc Longitude Elevation Direction Length Surface Dirt

2.2.4.7. Vunisea Airport

Vunisea Airport Abbreviation NFKD (KDV) Where/nearest Town Vunisea (Namalata), Kadavu Latitude 19°03′29″S Longitude 178°09′25″E

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Elevation 6 ft / 2 m Direction Length Surface 915 m 3.000 FT Asphalt

2.2.4.8. Mana Island Airport

Mana Island Airport Abbreviation NFMA (MNF) Where/nearest Town Mana Island Longitude 177° 7’ 10” E Latitude 17° 39’ 40” S Elevation Direction Length Surface Asphalt

2.2.4.9. Levuka Airfield

Levuka Airfield Abbreviation NFNB (LEV)

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Where/nearest Town Bureta Latitude 17°42′40″S Longitude 178°45′31″E Elevation 11 ft / 3 m Direction Length Surface 640 M 2.100 ft Gravel

2.2.4.10. Pacific Harbour / Deumba SPB

Pacific Harbour / Deumba SPB Abbreviation NFND (PHR) Where/nearest Town Pacific Harbour / Deuba, Viti Levu Latitude 178° 14’ 0” E Longitude 18° 11’ 0” S Elevation 20 ft Direction Length Surface 2493 ft Asphalt

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2.2.4.11. Ngau Airport

Ngau Airport Abbreviation NFNG (NGI) Where/nearest Town Ngau (Gau), Ngau Island Latitude 18° 2’ 0” S Longitude 179° 18’ 0” E Elevation 50 ft Direction Length Surface 2493 ft Dirt/gravel

2.2.4.12. Laucala Island Airfield

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Laucala Island Airfield Abbreviation NFNH (LUC) Where/nearest Town Laucala Island (Lauthala Island) Latitude 16° 45’ 0” S Longitude 179° 25’ 0” E Elevation 10 ft. Direction Length Surface 2690 ft

2.2.4.13. Lakemba Airport

Lakemba Airport Abbreviation NFNK (LKB) Where/nearest Town Lakeba (Lakemba) Latitude 18° 12’ 0” S Longitude 178° 50’ 0” E Elevation 280 ft Direction Length Surface 2495 ft.

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2.2.4.14. Taveuni Island Airport

Taveuni Island Airport Abbreviation NFNM (TVU) Where/nearest Town Matei, Taveuni Latitude 16° 41’ 26” S Longitude 179° 52’ 37” E Elevation Direction Length Surface 910 m 2.986 ft Asphalt

2.2.4.15. Koro Airport

Koro Airport Abbreviation NFNO (KXF) Where/nearest Town Koro Latitude 17°20′45″S Longitude 179°25′19″E Elevation 358 ft / 109 m Direction Length Surface 790 m 2.592 ft Grass/Sand

2.2.4.16. Rotuma Island Airport

Rotuma Island Airport Abbreviation NFNR (RTA) Where/nearest Town Rotuma Latitude 12°28′57″S Longitude 177°04′16″E Elevation 22 ft / 7 m Direction Length Surface 1.494 m 4.902 ft Gravel

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2.2.4.17. Savu Savu Airport

Savu Savu Airport Abbreviation NFNS (SVU) Where/nearest Town Savu Savu Latitude 16° 46’ 0” S Longitude 179° 23’ 0” E Elevation 14 ft. Direction Length Surface 3300 ft. Asphalt

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2.2.4.18. Bua Airport

Bua Airport Abbreviation NFNU (BVF) Where/nearest Town Bua, Vanua Levu Latitude 16° 48’ 0” S Longitude 178° 37’ 0” E Elevation 60 ft Direction Length Surface 3085 ft.

2.2.4.19. Wakaya Airport

Wakaya Airport Abbreviation NFNW (KAY Where/nearest Town Wakaya Latitude 17° 37’ 0” S Longitude 179° 0’ 0” E Elevation 130 ft Direction Length Surface 2100 ft

2.2.4.20. Ono-i-Lau Airport

Ono-i-Lau Airport Abbreviation NFOL (ONU) Where/nearest Town Ono-i-Lau Latitude 20° 39’ 0” S Longitude 178° 42’ 0” W Elevation 110 ft. Direction Length Surface 2625 ft.

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2.2.4.21. Vatulele Airport

Vatulele Airport Abbreviation NFVL (VTF) Where/nearest Town Vatulele Latitude 18° 33’ 0” S Longitude 177° 37’ 0” E Elevation Direction Length Surface

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2.2.4.22. Yasawa Airport

Yasawa Airport Abbreviation NFSW (YAS) Where/nearest Town Yasawa Latitude 16° 47’ 0” S Longitude 177° 31’ 0” E Elevation Direction Length Surface

2.2.4.23. Vanuabalavu Airport

Vanuabalavu Airport Abbreviation NFVB (VBV) Where/nearest Town Vanua Balavu (Vanuabalavu) Latitude 16° 40’ 0” S Longitude 179° 3’ 0” E Elevation 156 ft Direction Length Surface 3018 ft

2.2.4.24. Vatukoula

Vatukoula Abbreviation NFNV (VAU) – Where/nearest Town Vatukoula, Viti Levu Latitude 17° 30’ 0” S Longitude 177° 50’ 30” E Elevation 156 ft Direction Length Surface

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2549 ft Asphalt

Back to Top of Chapter or back to Table of Contents

2.3. Road Assessment

Transport plays a critical role in Fiji’s economy contributing around 10.2% of GDP in the last three years, (2007-2009). It also employs considerable amount of people in both formal and informal sectors with the latter most vibrant in the land transport industry. It also links key social and economic sectors of the economy including resources based industries, education and health. The sector’s contribution to GDP is expected to expand to 20% by 2014 once the impact on the economy of the support from EXIM Bank China and EXIM Bank Malaysia comes through.

In the coming years, Fiji’s government intends to pursue its transport financing with the private sector especially in the area of land transport. The government will also be engaging the private sector to go into financing rehabilitation works for existing roads.

2.3.1. Roads Overview

The roads sector is under the Department of National Roads (DNR).

The DNR may be merged with the Land Transport Authority (LTA), responsible for vehicle and driver licensing) to create a National Roads Authority, and thus will be able to access revenues from road user fees for road maintenance2. Road access in and between urban areas is good, with a mixture of tar-sealed and gravel roads, albeit often in poor condition. Remote rural communities on the main islands often have no road access or nearly impassable access.

The road sector is unregulated. There is a ‘watchdog’ organization concerned with road safety issues, the National Roads Safety Council, but it has no regulatory functions.

2.3.1.1. Maintenance Issues

Roads maintenance in Fiji is under-funded. Contract management skills within the DNR are lacking.

An ADB-funded study estimated that an appropriate annual budget for national roads maintenance would be approximately F$50 million/year. The current annual allocation to roads maintenance is about F$26 million, much of it spent on reactive storm damage repair. Thus a backlog of roads maintenance requirements is gradually building.

Outsourcing of roads maintenance is increasing. Nevertheless, with present under-funding, roads maintenance in Fiji has not developed into a predictable, long-term market in which the private sector might take an active interest, as has been done in Samoa.

A computerized asset register and road maintenance management system exists but is not effectively utilized.

2.3.1.2. Land Transport Sector Structure

The Public Works Department (PWD) is responsible for administration of the national roads network under the Roads Act. Its role is principally road construction, maintenance, and upgrading of both public roads and roads controlled by other ministries.

Road transport is administered through the Land Transport Authority (LTA) under the Traffic Act. LTA undertakes vehicle registration, testing, and driver licensing, as well as traffic management and enforcement of regulations.

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2.3.1.3. Inland Transport Overview

Fiji Islands is one of the few PICs with a land transport system of any scale.

Traffic between cities comprises trucks for freight, buses, minibuses, route taxis, and private vehicles. The most heavily trafficked route is the corridor linking the two main ports, Suva and Lautoka. Haulage of containers between the ports and transport of sugarcane are important contributors to traffic problems.

Traffic levels outside of Suva and Lautoka are at most times moderately low, but density increases dramatically near the cities of Lautoka and Suva. Traffic near the ports, general road conditions, and heavy vehicle mass limit laws are the principle problems facing inland transport of containers. A large proportion of trucks, particularly those hauling containers, are in contravention of mass limit laws.

Kings Wharf is located near the center of Suva’s central business district, and a large market and bus terminal is adjacent to the port facility.

Traffic congestion in and around the Kings Wharf is, thus, surprisingly severe for an urban center the size of Suva. Trucks carrying containers to and from Kings Wharf must pass through the center of Suva at a very slow pace.

At Lautoka Port, the major landside constraint is very slow-moving trucks carrying sugarcane to a sugar plant opposite the main wharf.

2.3.1.4. General road conditions

Increasing peak loadings are occurring from the land bridging of containers between Suva and Lautoka ports. Some ship operators find it more economical to make a single call, usually at Suva, and land bridge Lautoka cargo under bond. This entails both exports and imports, and as many as 200 containers may be involved in any one ship call. Customer preferences on delivery time and limits on free storage time in the ports drive operators to move all the containers in a short period, thus increasing the load carried by road and causing peak loadings.

The most heavily trafficked route is the Suva/Nadi/Lautoka corridor, which is predominantly two lane bitumen pavement with small four lane divided sections close to the cities. Road surfaces are generally good but showing wear from what appears to be an increasing heavy vehicle load, particularly at the two terminal nodes. Open road limits (80kph) are enforced with visible police presence near village police posts.

This road is quite tortuous in places and has many hills. Trucks and the small diesel taxis are very slow on hills and congestion occurs frequently. Near Nadi and Lautoka, wide loads of sugar cane on slow moving trucks add to congestion and road user frustration. Accident rates are high.

The road transits the ‘Coral Coast’ where an increasing number of resorts and tourist developments, and many villages, result in a somewhat undesirable mix of tourist, local residential and heavy truck traffic. Within villages, speed humps further reduce average speed and increase transit times.

2.3.1.5. Heavy vehicle mass limits

Current heavy vehicle mass limits cause problems for road transport operators. The Land Transport Act 1998 stipulates the maximum load limit for various heavy vehicles. Most trucks in Fiji carrying containers are ten-wheelers; the mass limit for these trucks under the Act is 32 tonne gross mass. This is insufficient to allow a typical ten-wheel truck to carry a container fully loaded with a dense cargo, such as water.

Historically, enforcement of truck load limits has been lax, but this is changing. With improved enforcement, shippers will face the choice of either partly loading containers—which is clearly inefficient—or using larger trucks. However, a significant amount of investment would be needed to upgrade Fiji’s stock of ten-wheeler trucks to prime-movers and semi-trailers.

2.3.1.6. Challenges

There are divergent views on whether the future will see the relative importance of Lautoka as a general cargo port decline and cargoes increasingly concentrated at Suva. If this occurs, efficient road transport of export and import cargoes between the West Coast of Viti Levu and Suva will be critically important. On the other hand, the present inefficiencies associated with congestion, combined with the lack of space for expansion, support the case for relocation of the main port facilities at Suva in the longer term.

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Transport services for both passengers and freight on the main islands of Vanua Levu and Viti Levu rely heavily on roads. Although the road network is largely complete, however, much of it is built to a low standard. Travel by road takes longer, transported goods are prone to damage, and socioeconomic development suffers. Heavy vehicles on roads not designed for the growing traffic volume and axle loads also do serious harm. On the other hand, because of inadequate capacity on some national trunk roads, particularly circular roads and wharf access roads, uneconomic routes are often chosen. Rising transport costs, which hinder economic growth, make the upgrading of roads necessary.

The main issues and constraints in the road transport sector relate to lack of road maintenance, poor control of vehicle overloading, lack of emphasis on controlling vehicle emissions, increased level of traffic congestion/dwindling capacity of the roads, and slow progress in cost recovery.

Traffic congestion has mounted considerably in recent years, due to the increase in the number of vehicles, especially heavy vehicles. The long-term development options in addressing traffic include proposals for a new regional road and a new coastal road network for the Suva-Nausori Corridor.

A number of externally financed projects are expected such as upgrading of the Buca Bay Road and Nabouwalu/Dreketi road in Vanua Levu and the Sawani/Serea Road, Valley Road, and Moto road in Viti Levu. The upgrading of these roads is expected to provide market links for farmers and buyers and substantially reduce costs.

Government has also recognized the task of maintaining about 5149km of roads, 763 bridges and major culverts. Historically funding for maintenance has been an issue, receiving approximately about half the required funding creates a backlog to maintenance work. The required funding is estimated to be about $50m. In 2008, $30.14m was received and the expenditure was $29.33.

The Land Transport Authority (LTA) has put in-place two weighbridges to minimize the effect of vehicle overloading.

The ADB funded FRUP III project is expected to be completed by early 2012.

2.3.1.7. Public Transportation

Buses in Fiji are inexpensive, offering a convenient and reliable mode in getting around Fiji. Sunbeam Transport runs express buses which travel either around Viti Levu or to parts of the island. Pacific Transport is another big express bus company offering non-air-conditioned buses between Suva to Lautoka and even further.

The local express buses are normally stationed at bus terminals and stop over in certain towns along the highway for breaks and for certain pick up’s that were not made possible in the town.

Rental cars are readily available in almost all parts of Fiji and come in all styles and conditions according to their hire costs. All the major car hire companies are based at Nadi airport and around towns. Driving in Viti Levu’s highways can be a little tricky given that the roads have more than their share of potholes, sharp curves, and occasional landslides and various animals which stray onto the highway. Cows and horses are a very real danger, especially at night. Also watch for speed bumps known as ‘road humps’. These speed humps are normally located close to villages.

There are many taxis available for hire around the city and towns. Taxi drivers are required to switch on their taxi meters when they carry passengers and you may find that some drivers will try and negotiate a fare without switching on their meters. An alternative to taxis are mini buses. These can serve as a fast means of getting from one place to another; however unlicensed mini buses are risky to travel.

2.3.1.8. Importing a car

For any vehicle to be registered in the Fiji Islands the owner or the person presenting the vehicle must produce:

 a copy of the certificate of the relevant customs entry  a copy of the bill of lading  a completed First Registration form

If the vehicle owner is not a driver licence holder then we can accept the following as proper ID:

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 Overseas driver licence  original birth certificate  original passport

Self-Imported Vehicles

Since these types of vehicles have been registered in another country, we need to have the cancellation certificate from the previous country of registration. There should be a translated version if the cancellation certificate is not in English. The vehicle cannot be transferred for the next 5 years to another person.

How to register a self imported vehicle

You will need to fill a first registration form (click > here < to download this form). In the first registration you are required to fill in all the particulars about the vehicle including the engine and chassis. This document can be presented to a Insurance company and they will prepare a Third Party Policy (TPP). The TPP should be presented to the Licensing office and a permission to drive will be given to drive the vehicle from the wharf to your residence or to LTA office for registration. The fee is $7.00 for each trip.

Left Hand Drive Vehicles

Left hand drive vehicles are a restricted commodity in Fiji now.

Exemptions are only granted for Diplomatic vehicles to be conditionally registered and must be exported out of the country upon expiry of the diplomats attachment.

Foreign driver license from a country that drives on the left side of the road (Right Hand Drive) may be converted to a Fiji License of the same class after six (6) months of arrival in Fiji (Public Service License excepted).

An applicant holding a driver license from a country that drives on the right side of the road (Left Hand Drive) must undergo a driving test before a Fiji Driver License is issued after six (6) months of using foreign license and if the license is valid then the first test shall be free of charge and no learners Permit required.

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name:Josefa Vosanibola Tel: 3347148 Title:general manager technical Mobile: 9905486 Land transport authority operation

Email:[email protected] Web:www.lta.com.fj Fax:3342894 Summary of Role and Services

It is an organization set up to improve land transportation and ensuring road safety is enhanced above all else.

 Registration of vehicle and drivers for the Fiji islands  Enforcement on road rules  Road safety awareness  Licensing of public service vehicle permits

Ministry in Charge Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Nasilivata House, Samabula Department of National Roads (DNR) Transport: Level 2 Neptune House, in the Ministry of Works and Walu Bay Tel: 3316866 / 3316867 Title: Mr. Inia Tamani Fax: 3316879 Transport Email: Web: http://www.transport.gov.fj Summary of Role and Services

Lautoka Road Map Nadi Road Map Pacific Harbor Road Map

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Sigatoka Road Map Suva Road Map

A number of externally financed projects are expected to begin such as upgrading of the Buca Bay Road and Nabouwalu / Dreketi road in Vanua Levu and the Sawani / Serea Road, Valley Road, and Moto road in Viti Levu. The upgrading of these roads is expected to provide critical market links for farmers and buyers and substantially reduce costs.

The Land Transport Authority (LTA) has already put in-place two weighbridges to minimize the effect of vehicle overloading. Road safety needs to be relooked at to better address its financing needs and in terms of the safe operations of public service vehicles in particular buses, a National Bus review has been conducted however this will have to be further explored with other public service vehicles .

The FRUP III project is expected to be completed by 2012 after the award of the remaining two contracts to Naim Cendera (Malaysia) and Fairdeal Earthmoving Limited with the estimated cost of the contracts put at $59.6million.

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2.3.2. Road Construction / Maintenance

Entity(s) in Charge Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Ministry of Works and Transport / Name: Department of National Roads (DNR) Title: Tel: in the Ministry of Works and Email: Fax: Transport Web: Summary of Role and Services The Public Works Department (PWD) is responsible for administration of the national roads network under the Roads Act. Its role is principally road construction, maintenance, and upgrading of both public roads and roads controlled by other ministries.

2.3.3. Road Classification Classification Road Description Class: Paved 3,440 km Class: Unpaved 1,692 km

There are mainly 2 roads in Fiji which connect the most important hubs in Fiji, Suva & Nadi. These are the Queens Rd. in the South and the Kings road in the North.

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2.3.4. Road Inventory

The road network is largely complete; however, much of it is built to a low standard. Of the around 5.000km road in Fiji, around 20& is sealed.

2.3.5. Distance Matrix Kings Road in Kilometres Nadi Lautoka Ba Tavua RakiRaki Korovou Nausori Suva Airport Nadi Airport 24 62 91 132 239 270 289 Lautoka 38 67 108 215 246 265 Ba 29 70 177 208 227 Tavua 41 148 179 198 RakiRaki 107 138 157 Korovou 31 50 Nausori 19 Suva

Queens Road in Kilometres Pacific Nadi Suva Korolevu Korotogo Sigatoka Nadi Town Lautoka Harbor Airport Suva 49 96 120 127 183 197 221 Pacific Harbor 47 71 78 139 148 172 Korolevu 24 31 92 101 125 Korotogo 7 68 77 101 Sigatoko 61 70 94 Nadi Town 9 33 Nadi Town 24 Lautoka

KM in Vanua Levu Labsa Savusavu Nabouwelu Loa Labasa 82 138 145 Savusavu 138 64 Nabouwalu 201 Loa

2.3.6. Road Security

Fiji, in common with other developing countries, saw deterioration in road safety during the period 1988-1991. Increasing vehicle fleets began to cause problems, rehabilitated roads supported faster traffic through small communities along the national road network, and inadequate enforcement and medical services meant that driver behavior was poor and injured victims did not get the early medical attention they needed. There was a fragmentation of responsibilities and inadequate knowledge and effort to tackle the problems facing the country. Road accident deaths increased steadily year by year and peaked in 1991.

There can be driven during the night, only watch out for the horses and cows who could be on the road.

Security Good Marginal Bad

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2.3.7. Weighbridges

The Land Transport Authority (LTA) has put in-place two weighbridges to minimize the effect of vehicle overloading. Road safety needs to be re-looked at to better address its financing needs and in terms of the safe operations of public service vehicles in particular buses.

Entity(s) in Charge Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Lot 1, Daniva Road, Valelevu, Nasinu. Title: Land Transport Tel: 3270072 Email: Authority Fax: 3270170 Web: http://www.ltafiji.com/aboutus_wheretofindus_central_eastern.php Summary of Role and Services It is an organization set up to improve land transportation and ensuring road safety is enhanced above all else.

Weighbridge

Number 5 Capacity (mt) Length (m) Type

60tonne(2 within compound 11m Axle weigher/weighbridge Within Compound and 3 on major road route)

Within Compound

2.3.8. Axle Load Limits

Regulation 80 of (Vehicle Registration and Construction Regulation 2000) states:

1. The maximum load in respect of any wheel on a vehicle is a. Fitted with a normal tire – is 2.7 tonnes; or b. Fitted with a large tire- 3.5 tonnes; or c. Is the rated capacity of the tire, d. Whichever is the least?

2. The maximum axle load in respect of any axle of a vehicle- a. fitted with two wheels with normal tires – is 5.4 tonnes; b. fitted with two wheels with large tires is 7 tonnes; and c. in any other case is 10 tonnes.

3. The maximum aggregate axle load in respect to a tandem not being a twin axle- a. fitted with not less than 8 wheels – is 16 tonnes; b. fitted with 6 wheels with normal tires- is 13.4 tonnes; c. fitted with 6 wheels with at least two large tires- is 14 tonnes; d. fitted with 4 wheels with normal tires- is 10.8 tonnes; e. fitted with 4 wheels with large tires – is 14 tonnes

4. The maximum aggregate axle load in respect of a tri-axle is 20 tonnes.

5. The maximum aggregate axle load in respect of twin steer axles is 10.4 tonnes if the twin steer axles are fitted with a load sharing system and 8 tonnes in any other case.

6. The maximum axle or aggregate load of any axle, tandem or tri-axle must not exceed the aggregate of the rated tire capacities or the vehicle manufacturers rated capacity.

7. For the purpose of this regulation, a large tire must have- a. a width of not less than 330mm and an overall tire diameter of not less than 1080mm; or b. a width of not less than 355 mm and an overall tire diameter of not less than 1049mm and a tire not conforming to the dimensions is deemed to be normal tire.

8. In the case of a vehicle equipped with two single axles, the proportion of weight on one axle must not be less than 20% of the aggregate of the axle weights.

9. The maximum permissible aggregate mass, expressed as the GVM or GCM of the vehicle, in respect of all the axles of a motor vehicle, a trailer, articulated vehicle or combination vehicle is-

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a. the maximum aggregate of the axle loads in respect of all the axles of the vehicle determined under sub regulations (1) to (6); b. in the case of a vehicle equipped with a tandem or a tri-axle which does not incorporate a load sharing system 30 tonnes or in the case of a vehicle equipped with a tandem or tri-axle which incorporates a load sharing system –32 tonnes; c. in the case of a combination vehicle- 32 tonnes; or d. The manufacturer’s gross vehicle mass or gross combination mass as the case whichever is the least.

10. In the of any motor vehicle, trailer or combination vehicle with an unladen mass greater than 3.5 tonnes, the maximum axle loads determined under this regulation must be shown on the registration certificate of the vehicle, including the minimum tire specification relating to such loads.

2.3.9. Bridges

There are around 763 bridges in Fiji.

2.3.9.1. International Corridors Leading to the Country

N.A.

2.3.9.2. Main Corridors within the Country (leading to main towns / hubs)

Main roads are the Queens Rd. (North) & Kings Rd. (South). Both are going from Nadi to Suva and vice versa.

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2.4. Railway Assessment

There is no operating commercial railroad in Fiji.

There was a sugar cane railway leading from Suva to Nadi on Viti Levu. There is still a working railway going from Savusavu to Labasa on Vanua Levu. Nevertheless, this is not an option for transport of relief goods.

2.4.1. Management / Consortium Narrative: (when no railway is in use in country and/or it is a landloacked country, describe the transit country railway

Entity(s) in Charge Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Tel:

Email: Fax: Web: Summary of Role and Services

2.4.2. Railway Overview Narrative: (when no railway is in use in country and/or it is a landloacked country, describe the transit country railway

Railway Overview Track Gauge Total Track Distance Port to final point in or close to country (rail) If relevant, form this point to Capital (road) Locomotives Freight Wagons (covered) / size Freight Wagons (flat bed) / size

2.4.3. Stations / Dry Ports Narrative

2.4.4. Other Information Narrative

Back to Top of Chapter or back to Table of Contents

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2.5. Waterways Assessment

2.5.1.1. Shipping Services Sector Structure

Domestic shipping services in Fiji are conducted by GSS and a number of private shipping companies. GSS has about 50% of the domestic shipping market, which it serves with 14 vessels (a mix of roll-on/roll-off, cargo, passenger, and landing craft vessels).

Traditionally, non-profitable routes have been served by the GSS at low rates, or at subsidized rates by the private companies. Recently, a route licensing scheme has been introduced which assigns certain shippers to certain routes, with subsidies paid to the licensed shippers on non-economic routes. These constitute the currently defined community service obligations of the sector.

The domestic shipping sector is not price regulated, but price controlled. Government shipping rates are approximately 50% of the private sector shipping company rates, the latter approved by the Price and Incomes Board. Some uneconomical routes served by private shipping companies are subsidized.

2.5.1.2. International Shipping Services

Fiji Islands is well served by international shipping lines. Direct services operate to Australia/New Zealand, the United States, Southeast and North Asia, and Europe. Lines calling in Fiji Islands include major operators, such as Swire Shipping, Tasman Orient, Pacific Direct Line, Chief Container Line, Hamburg Sud, Greater Bali Hai, and Neptune Shipping. The latter, associated with Maersk, provides services within the region, to Asia and, by transshipment, to the United States and Europe. Pacific Forum Lines also offers a range of destinations within its sphere of operation.

Export and import shipping services cater for general cargo—carried mostly in containers—as well as bulk cargo. Liner container services generally call at Suva, and some at Lautoka, while break bulk is handled at both Suva and Lautoka, mainly as imports. Liquid bulk cargoes are also handled at Suva and Lautoka, but the major volume is handled at the Vuda terminal near Nadi. Import bulk cargoes are mainly petroleum products, cement, and fertilizer. Export bulk and break bulk cargo is handled at Labasa/Malau and at Levuka. This mainly comprises high-volume dedicated cargo, including sugar and forestry products (wood chips) and, in the case of Levuka, seafood landed and processed at the port for export in dedicated refrigerated vessels.

2.5.1.3. International Freight Rates

Competition on the Australia–North America trade has driven down rates to levels that are much lower than rates to and from nearby Pacific island countries (PICs), such as Tonga and Samoa. For dry containers, commercial rates per TEU from the Fiji Islands to Australia are about $900, $1,200–$1,500 to other PICs, $1,800–$2,000 to Japan and the United States, and $2,200–$2,500 to Asia and Europe. A shipper moving a sizeable quantity of containers is likely to receive a discount from these rates.

2.5.1.4. Domestic Shipping Services

Domestic shipping comprises passenger and freight vessels ranging from pure passenger ferries, to combined passenger and roll on-roll off (ro-ro) vessels, to small steel and even wooden vessels serving outer islands and smaller ports. The standard of these vessels is much lower than those in the international trades.

For scheduled services, vessels on well-frequented routes are mainly of ro-ro configuration with sizeable passenger accommodation. On routes with major tourism support, fast aluminum catamarans are employed, but costs preclude their widespread use. On outer island routes— where the main freight task is transporting island residents and small volumes of cargo, construction materials, and consumables—vessels vary in configuration. They are usually small, displacement hull ships of steel construction, some converted from deep sea fishing vessels but some purpose built.

Domestic shipping services on some routes are operated on a purely commercial basis, and routes between the islands of Viti Levu (Main Island) and Vanua Levu are subject to fierce competition. Several operators specialize in transport to and from resort islands. Commercial coastal and interisland shipping services are provided by a number of private sector operators.

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However, many interisland routes are not commercially viable and, in the past, services have been provided by the government. Services to outer islands with significant resident populations are an essential part of the transport infrastructure in the Fiji Islands. Often, these islands have no air services, or air service is infrequent. Regular and reliable transport of both passengers and cargo is essential to the well-being of remote communities.

Wishing to withdraw from direct involvement, the Government of the Fiji Islands developed a “franchise” shipping system, where services are provided by private sector operators under competitive tender. The government contributes subsidies to offset the losses operators would incur as a result of providing service at non-commercial, set frequencies to outer islands. Franchise shipping services to the outer islands, thus, provide essential links for domestic freight and passengers. They also transport small export cargos and a small but significant and growing tourist trade, particularly to the western island groups of the Mamanucas and Yasawas.

The present franchise shipping services system is managed by FSCL, established in 2004. Its aim is to transfer the delivery of shipping services to the private sector while retaining a degree of contestability in interisland services. Contestability is ensured by a competitive tendering system. Services to remote areas are subsidized by the government through the scheme. The subsidy, or franchise rate, is derived from the calculated operational cost of a vessel on any particular route. At present, FSCL subsidizes 42% of shipping companies’ operational costs.

The GSS is responsible for maintaining the maritime Navaids system in Fiji.

The GSS Fleet consists of 14 vessels;

 M.V. Iloilovatu – Cargo / Pax  M.V. Dausoko - Carog / Pax  M.V. Tabusoro - Cargo / Pax  M.L.C Golea - Cargo / Pax  M.L.C. Vatulawa - Cargo / Pax  M.V. Natokalau - Cargo / Pax  R.V. Tovuto - Survey Vessel  M.V. Raiyawa - Nav Aids Vessel  Dautukituki - Nav Aids Vessel  Daucukicuki - Dredge  Tug No. 7 - Towed Boat  Tug No. 10 - Towed Boat  DB Vualiku - Dumb Barge  Dautukiduru - Pile Driving Barge

2.5.2. Waterways Overview

FROM TO VAT INCLUSIVE VAT INCLUSIVE SALOON FARE DECK FARE

Suva Beqa, Vatulele & Kadavu 34.60 30.00

Suva Gau, Nairai & Batiki 37.30 24.55

Suva Moala, Matuku & Totoya 65.25 46.40

Suva Koro 47.65 32.75

Suva Northern Lau: 91.85 54.60 [Lakeba, Nayau, Tuvuca, Cicia, V/Balavu, Cikobia, Vanuavatu]

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Suva Southern Lau: 98.50 54.60 [Ogea, Fulaga, Moce, Komo, Namuka, Kabara, Oneata]

Excluding Vatoa & Ono-i-Lau 108.15 65.50

Suva Natewa Bay 90.50 51.85

Suva Levuka 34.60 24.60

Suva Savusavu 54.60 46.40

Suva Taveuni 65.25 50.50

Suva Laucala, Qamea, Buca & Rabi 78.60 55.95

Suva Labasa 58.60 46.40

Suva Nabouwalu 34.60 28.65

Suva Rotuma 91.85 60.00

Levuka Savusavu 49.25 34.10

Levuka Taveuni 59.90 49.15

Levuka Laucala, Qamea, Buca & Rabi 79.85 50.50

Savusavu Taveuni 34.60 23.20

Savusavu Laucala, Qamea, Buca & Rabi 39.95 30.00

Taveuni Laucala, Qamea, Buca & Rabi 14.65 10.95

2.5.3. River and/or Lake Port Assessment

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2.6. Storage Assessment 4

2.6.1. Storage Overview

Except the ones belonging to private transport companies (for short term operations) and few buildings belonging to governmental agencies (Procurement Office, PSPD, Regional Housing Department …), there are very limited warehousing capacities existing in the country.

While the transport companies use their storage capacities to the upmost, some may be keen to provide ad-hoc support in time of emergencies.

Except in the main industrial hubs (Suva, Lautoka, Labasa …), the main storage capacities found in the smaller centers of the country are using containers. The containers are easily available, either for rental or procurement. This being said, containers storage is not adequate for maintaining the quality of the items (even if long terms containers are placed in secured environment, protected by iron corrugated roofs, etc.).

2.6.1.1. Storage for Emergency Operations

2.6.1.1.1 Introduction o Storage capacities (warehouses, hangars …) at the main logistics hubs (Suva and Lautoka ports, Nadi and Nausori airports, etc.) are available for emergency operations. Nevertheless, the size and operational aspects of those capacities are only sufficient for small to medium scale scenarios. o Obviously, any large scale emergency operations will need additional storage capacities. These should be provided by MSUs available at the UN agencies. o There are clear storage / commodities management issues at all main entry points (Suva port, Nadi airport, Lautoka port and Nausori airport). o As emergency operations are likely to happen during the wet seasons, open storage is not an option except in containers

2.6.1.1.2 Current situation o Some agencies (UN, NGOs) have their own storage capacities but cannot be shared due to volume limitations o Private companies (land transporters, FF & Shipping companies, sugar and garments factories, flour mills) have storage capacities that may temporarily be used during the initial phases of emergency operations (first 72 hours, until a longer term solution is developed) o Governmental capacities exist in Nausori, Suva, and Lautoka, mainly belonging to Fiji’s Procurement Department (Nausori belong to Agro-projects department). Nevertheless, those capacities will be better used as a dispatching center rather than for storage purpose. o Main ports and airports mentioned above have limited storage and warehousing capacities

2.6.1.1.3 Planning o Locations have been identified in Suva, Nausori, Nadi and Lautoka for the setting up of a logistics hub.  In Suva, in FMF compound: 3 acres, GPS position: 18° 07'43.91"S and 178°26'05.97"E, the land is flood free but MSUs setup will require prior land raising  In Nausori, in the Nausori airport compound, besides existing hangars, GPS position: 18° 02'49.67"S and 178°33'41.81"E, the land is flood free but MSUs setup will require prior land raising. Access from the airport’s back access road as the main road is often flooded

4 For Labour Costs, Pesticides and Fumigants, see Chapter 4 Logistics Services

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 In Nadi, in the Nadi airport compound, besides existing maintenance hangar of Air Pacific, GPS position: 17°44'56.45"S and 177°27'2.68"E, the land is flood free but MSUs setup will require prior land raising. Access from Nadi and / or Lautoka to the airport is sometimes flooded.  In Lautoka, sport fields exist near the port facilities that could be used for MSU’s park setup. The pre-identified area is directly adjoining the Procurement Office and LTA compounds; however, it is not secured or fenced. GPS position: 17°36'53.96"S and 177°26'40.29"E, the land is flood free but MSUs setup will require prior land rising. o Each district should identify temporary storage facilities (governmental buildings, schools, private companies …) or select floods safe areas for the setting up of tents. o For large scale scenarios, MSUs (Wiik / Rubber Halls) will probably be the only option. Fiji government / UN agencies / donors should assess this option. o Logistics Hubs kits have been developed by WFP. Those kits include a MSU + Prefab office + power generation and lightning equipment. If financial means are available, 2 or 3 kits could be bought for Fiji operations and stored under Fiji Procurement responsibility in the country’s main operational hubs (Suva, Nadi, and Lautoka). Deployment could be anywhere as transportation of the kits is easy.

2.6.2. Commercial Storage

There is no commercial storage. Containers may be rented / bought in various locations in the country.

2.6.2.1. The private sector storage capacities

Around major ports, a network of container depots and pack/unpack facilities can be seen. Around Suva and Lautoka, some important warehousing and distribution centers have sprung up, but these are often dedicated to major commodities, such as sugar and industrial products.

However, in most cases, these centers are quite rudimentary when compared with distribution centers elsewhere in Asia and Australasia.

Some progress is taking place, however, and shipping lines and forwarders are developing more sophisticated operations around empty container depots, where congestion of port facilities is driving storage off-wharf. Opportunities can be seen where major port developments are planned, such as in the new port facilities proposed for Rokobili, Suva, which are expected to attract export processing, as well as logistics activities.

The Port of Suva handles the majority of export and import cargo and, given population distribution and economic activity, will experience the greatest future growth. It has significant constraints on storage space for container traffic and, with congestion already an issue, will face the greatest challenges as trade volumes increase. The space constraints are exacerbated by low productivity, with measures now under way to streamline ship to shore container and cargo movements. Lautoka has experienced similar problems but has greater room to expand.

The minor ports provide only basic services, are generally poorly equipped and infrastructure at most of the smaller ports is rudimentary, ship operators taking their own measures to maintain operational safety.

There are few facilities that could be considered intermodal sites. At the ports there are the usual on wharf container stacking areas and limited covered packing/unpacking facilities within the port precincts. Some private sector transport companies and shipping lines have off-wharf container depots providing some consolidation into containers. There are also some industry specific warehouse and distribution centres (e.g., Nestle products outside Suva) but little in the way of common user stores.

Available for Capacity 5 6 7 Location Owner Type Access Condition Rent mt / m² / m³ Yes No Yes No Yes No

5 Warehouse Type: Open storage, container, rub-hall, silo, concrete, other, unspecified 6 Warehouse Access: Raised-siding, flat 7 Warehouse condition: Appears intact, appears damaged, under construction/repair

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Kalabu Tax Free Zone (KTFZ)

KTFZ provides option for businesses wanting to establish their manufacturing operation; processing plant or Information Communication and Technology (ICT) related business activities in Fiji. Therefore, there are also temporary storage options in the area.

KTFZ is approximately 215km from Nadi International Airport; 20 minutes drive from Suva Port and 20 minutes drive from Nausori Airport. The Zone is situated at Daniva Road, Valelevu, Nasinu with a total land area of 49 acres under Crown Lease.

Facilities

 The factory buildings initially comprised a total gross floor area of 137,000ft2. Construction consisted of 5 factory buildings, a Customs & Administration building and a Service Centre Complex housing 6 commercial shops.  Factory buildings have been designed to accommodate light industries and can house operations requiring floor production area from between 5,000 to 30,000ft2.  Three additional factory buildings were constructed between 2000 and 2003. New extensions were also added to two of the factory buildings and factory 7 was refurbished into an ICT Call-Centre for Mindpearl Ltd. Total factory gross floor area has increased from 137,000ft2 to 313,113ft2, a growth of approximately 129 percent.  Potential exists for further expansion with 8 vacant lots available for leasing and construction of new buildings.

For further details contact either:

Ms Salote Madanavosa Manager Industrial Zones Telephone: (679) 3397 220 (679) 3397 220 Fax: (679) 3397 710

2.6.3. Storage used by Humanitarian Organizations

Sharing Capacity Location Organisation Type Access Condition possibility mt / m² / m³ Yes No Yes No Yes No

2.6.4. Public Sector Storage

The GoF has several storage capacities (usually huge warehouses) in several areas (Suva, Lautoka, Nausori …)

The GoF has a history of providing services to the humanitarian and development agencies (UNFPA) for free storage.

Ministry / Use Capacity Location Type Access Condition Agency Possibility mt / m² / m³ Yes No Yes No Yes No

2.6.5. Cold Chain The specific cold chain assessment (attached) form can be used for detailed assessment

Organisation 8 Cooling / Total Capacity Location Type 9 Quantiy Condition / Owner Power m³

8 Cold Room Positive, Cold Room Negative, Refrigerator, Freezer, 9 Compression, Absorption, Solar, Other, unspecified

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You may insert a sketch, map… of the cold chain network… in the above cell

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2.7. Milling Assessment

2.7.1. Milling Overview

There is one important Flour Mill in Suva, with export production capacities to cover part of regional needs

This unit is able providing adequate services to WFP (blending capacities, adding micronutrients, etc.) and is in accordance with the international standards of hygiene and protection.

The unit also operates rice and peas milling operations and is linked with multiple food processing factories (biscuits, rice, noodles, etc.). The unit is able producing High Energy biscuits as per UN requirements.

2.7.2. Milling Company FMF

The Flour Mills of Fiji (FMF) is the biggest milling company of Fiji. FMF is a Fiji-based company engaged in the milling of wheat, rice and peas, manufacturing of packaging materials, including corrugated cartons and assorted boxes and packets, manufacturing of biscuits and snacks food products, sale of crushed and feed wheat and related products and investments.

The Company has seven segments: Flour & Wheat, Biscuit, Rice, Dun Peas, Packaging Materials, Rental and Snax.

Flour Mills of Fiji Limited produces and sells flour and biscuits in Fiji and internationally. It offers medium and long grain rice, noodles, chips, bakery items, cream biscuits, and cookies; and yellow split peas, pea flour, and pea meal. The company exports its products to the Pacific islands, the United States, Australia, New Zealand, Tahiti, and Samoa. Flour Mills of Fiji Limited was founded in 1973 and is based in Suva, Fiji.

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Leonidas Street Walu Bay Tel: 679 33 01 188 Flour Mills of Fiji Limited Suva, Fax: 679 33 00 944 Email: Web: www.fmf.com.fj Summary of Role and Services

Facilities Several compounds, all having parking Parking area inside compound m² areas, loading areas for trucks, etc. Drainage Good Fire Fighting Equipment Yes Number of Ventilators Screened Electricity Load (KVA) 1175 KVA Backup Generator Yes 1175 KVA

Milling Equipment Origin of Machinery Year of Mfg Year of Installation Condition 2002 to 2010 good

Maintenance Duration (hours / week) 2 days / week Type of maintenance

Other Equipment or Machinery Installed Type of Equipment Yes/No Number Owned Comments Fortification Feeder yes Bag Cleaning Plant yes

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Moisture Tester yes De-stoning Plant yes Metal Extractor yes

Staffing Number of full time skilled workers Number of full time labourers

Weighbridge Number Capacity (mt) Length (m) Type Within Compound 50 Within Compound 25

Building Length (m) Width (m) Height (m) Building – Wheat Mill Building – Maize Mill Walls Roof Floor

Conditions & Cleanliness Outside Inside Cracks in walls or roof No No Signs of rodent activity No No Signs of birds entry No No Damaged gutters/drains No No Signs of moisture No No Adjacent Vegetation None Uncut Cleanliness Good Poor

Pest Control Fumigation  Done Spraying  Done Rodenticides  Done Rodent Trapping  Done

Security Security Good Compound Fenced

Access Distance from main town 0,5 km Travel time if not located in town hrs Road condition to Mill good Road limitation (if any) Width (m) Max. Tonnage Rail connections No On the railway from to

Milling Capacity (Mt) Commodities Daily Capacity (mt) Monthly Activity (mt)

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Wheat Maize

Storage Capacity Storage in Metric Tonnes Wheat – Covered (mt) Flour – Covered (mt) Within the Compound Outside the Compound

Capacity to Blend  Yes

Loading & Discharge Rates 

Transport Capacity at Mill 

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3. Logistics Services

3.1. Fuel

Three international oil companies (Mobil, BP and Total) import petroleum products into Fiji, distribute their products at wholesale and retail levels, and re-export to other Pacific countries (PICs). Supply is provided by medium-range tankers from refineries in Australia, Singapore and New Zealand. Currently the Government of Fiji itself is supplied by Total through a five-year contract with the Public Works Department (PWD).

The Ministry of Commerce regulates wholesale and retail prices of gasoline, petrol, kerosene and diesel, and influences to some extent the technical specification of fuels. The prices of fuel are reviewed on a monthly basis. Prices vary in different geographical areas. Large consumers such as the FEA negotiate bulk contracts.

There are two retail distribution methods. The dealer-owned dealer-operated (DODO) system involves a private company selling fuel from its own premises, for example the Carpenter’s Group which has a supply arrangement with Mobil. Under the second arrangement, company-owned dealer-operated (CODO), the oil company owns the assets and leases them to a private company which operates for typically 5-10 years.

Developments in recent years have seen Total acquiring Shell Fiji’s Operations and BP’s Fiji Operation negotiating with Pacific Petroleum Company.

Liquid petroleum gas (LPG) is imported and marketed by two companies, Fiji Gas which has operated in the country for several decades and Bluegas, which began in 1989. LPG is not under government price control.

For some years, the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS) has provided comparative prices for petroleum products marketed in the PICs. For the most recent PIFS Fuel Price Monitor available, the wholesale prices of gasoline and diesel in Fiji, excluding all taxes and duties, were about 25% below the average for PICs. Although Fiji re-exports these products to Samoa, which has a much smaller market, the Samoan prices were lower than those in Fiji.

For kerosene, Fiji’s prices are considerably lower than those of most PICs (and lower than Samoa’s).

3.1.1. Fuel Overview

Three international oil companies (Mobil, BP and Total) import petroleum products into Fiji, distribute their products at wholesale and retail levels, and re-export to other Pacific countries (PICs). Supply is provided by medium-range tankers from refineries in Australia, Singapore and New Zealand. Currently the Government of Fiji itself is supplied by Total through a five-year contract with the Public Works Department (PWD).

The Ministry of Commerce regulates wholesale and retail prices of motor spirit (also called gasoline or petrol), kerosene and automotive diesel oil (ADO), and influences to some extent the technical specification of fuels. The prices of fuel are reviewed on a monthly basis. Prices vary in different geographical areas. Large consumers such as the FEA negotiate bulk contracts.

Estimated Consumption of Petroleum in Fiji Sector

Retained Fuel Transport Electricity Household Commercial Industry imports (ML) Motor Spirit 60.6 55.0 0 0.1 0 5.5 Automotive 83.8 76.9 1.0 0 1.7 4.2 Diesel (ADO) Industrial 105.1 0 91.0 0 0 14.1 Diesel Heavy Fuel Oil 12.1 8.8 0 0 0 3.3

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Kerosene 17.0 0 0 16.4 0.3 0.3 Avgas 38.6 38.6 0 0 0 0 Avtur (Jet A1) 12.8 12.8 0 0 0 0 LPG 20.0 0 0 12.3 7 0.7 Total 350 192.1 92.0 28.8 9 28.1 % of Total 100 55 26 8 3 8

Estimated Consumption of Petroleum in Fiji by Sector (Million Litres : 2006)

3.1.2. Fuel Supply & Storage

Fuel Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Tel: (679) 112 888 / 331 3933 Total Adres: Rona Street, Walu Bay, Suva Fax: Web: Summary of Role and Services Through the purchase of Shell’s assets in November 2006, Total is one of the major players in the Fiji oil market. The business consists of a full suite of ground activities including network (service stations), commercial and bulk fuels, marine activities, and lubricants.

Fuel Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Adres: Level 3, FNPF Plaza One Tel: +679 331 4977 Mobil Downtown Boulevard Fax: +679 330 1875 Ellery Street, Suva, Fiji

Web: Summary of Role and Services

Fuel Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Tel: 679 322 5434 Pacific Energy Title: Fax: 679 330 2881 Adres: 7th Floor Vanua House

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Suva Web: Summary of Role and Services Pacific Energy owns and operates gasoline stations. It also stocks and retails general goods. The company sells its products through its retail outlets in Fiji, Tonga, American Samoa, Cooks Tuvalu, and Vanuatu. Pacific Energy was earlier known as BP South West Pacific Ltd. As a result of the acquisition of BP South West Pacific Ltd. by Pacific Petroleum Company SA, BP South West Pacific Ltd.'s name was changed. Pacific Energy is based in Suva, Fiji. As of May 25, 2010, Pacific Energy operates as a subsidiary of Pacific Petroleum Company SA.

Total

TFL (Total Fiji Ltd.) owns 6 storage facilities in Fiji: most important ones are located in Walu Bay (Suva), Rodwell Road (Suva), Vuda (Lautoka) with a total capacity of 13,308,000 gallons. 6 of these depots are directly operated by TOTAL while the remaining one is managed by an agent with a strong technical support from TOTAL (Fiji) Ltd. The remaining three Depots are at Labasa on the second largest island, Vanua Levu, Taveuni island, Levuka (Ovalau island).

TOTAL Fiji products handled are Unleaded Petrol, Gasoil 500PPM, JET A1, Kerosene, Pre-mix, TOTALITE, HFO and Lubricants. Bulk fuels are supplied at a frequency of 3 weeks to the three main Terminals by Medium Range Tankers (MRT–MRX) from Singapore and South Korea.

Lubricants are supplied from Singapore in 200L drums and in smaller packages.

Fuel Supplies to the smaller Depots are by Local Coastal Tanker (LCT) and by Supply Ship back-loaded from the main Terminals. The LCT also carries fuel on a charter basis for our competitors to their Pacific island locations. On shore distribution to our Customers are by a fleet combination of Company owned trucks, contracted hauler and by three Distributors.

Drum filling is also a major activity with approximately 55,000 drums filled annually. These drums are mainly for remote locations and the outer islands.

 Walu Bay Terminal

Located on the Eastern side of Fiji's main island of Viti Levu and 1km from the Suva city centre, the capital of Fiji - Storage capacity of 9.2 KT. A distribution fleet of 8 trucks of total capacity of 60 KL. Pipelines link the Terminal to a Company owned jetty and a Government owned jetty, located right next to the Terminal.

 Rodwell Road Depot

Located on the eastern side of Fiji's main island of Viti Levu and 0.5 km from the Suva city centre, the capital of Fiji and 0.5 km from Walu Bay Terminal. Rodwell and Walu Bay Terminals are linked by a pipeline which allows transfer of products between the two Terminals. Only Gasoil and HFO are stored here. Rodwell Rd has the only HFO storage in Fiji. A distribution fleet of 3 trucks of total capacity of 100 KL.

 Vuda Point Terminal

Located on the western side of Fiji's main island of Viti Levu, 15 km from Lautoka, Fiji's second largest city and 12 km from the Nadi International airport. 16 KT of Storage capacities. A distribution fleet of 10 trucks of total capacity 200 KL. All companies terminals are linked by two pipeline and use the same MRX facility. A Jet A-1 dedicated pipeline also links the terminals to Nadi International airport

 Labasa Depot

Located in Labasa on the northern side of Fiji's second largest island of Vanua Levu. A distribution fleet of 3 trucks of total capacity 50 KL. The depot is supplied by LCT from Vuda Point.

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 Taveuni Depot

Located on the Island of Taveuni, Fiji's third largest island. 3 Staff and 1 Contractor on a full time basis. 0.26 KT of Storage capacity. A distribution fleet of 1 truck of capacity of 10 KL

 Levua Depot

Located on the Eastern part of Fiji in Levuka (on the island of Ovalau). 1 tank of 4.5 KT of storage for Gasoil only. No on-road distribution. No drum filling operations.

3.1.3. Fuel Marketing & Local Distribution

TFL operates a fleet of 25 trucks used for ground deliveries.

Fuel supplies to TOTAL operations in Tonga, Wallis and Futuna, Nauru are organized from Fiji through TOTAL’s LCT (Sara Teresa). TOTAL (Fiji) also supplies fuels in drums to Tuvalu and lubricants to Western Samoa and Kiribati. TOTAL is one of three majors operating in Fiji today with an overall market share of around 40%. TOTAL (Fiji) Limited operates 24 service stations in Fiji, with approximately 300 commercial accounts covering a range of industry segments ranging from government agencies to agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism etc. TOTAL (Fiji) Limited is also market leader in the Marine segment with 70% share of Marine Diesel volumes and 100% of High Sulfur Fuel Oil (HSFO) volumes.

Total Presence in the Pacific Islands

3.1.4. Fuel Pricing

Fuel prices are set by Government. On the island of Vanua Levu, Taveuni and some of the more outer islands, the prices are around 3 cent more expensive.

Fuel Prices as of October 2011 Goods Quanitiy Retail Price Inclusive of VAT Wholesale price Exclusive of VAT Motor Spirit (Unleaded) Per litre FJD 2.50 213.33 Gasoil (Diesoline) Per litre FJD 2.20 188.14 Pre-Mixed Outboard fuel Per litre FJD 2.51 200.08 Per litre (Bulk) Kerosene – for household Per litre (Bulk FJD1.83 167.83 use only – if container FJD 2.17 198.83 supplied)

3.1.5. Fuel Supply

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There is no refinery in Fiji; most of the fuel is coming from Singapore.

3.1.6. Fuel Demand Demand Local Supply Does local supply (domestic refinery production and imports combined) meet the needs of Fiji especially for aviation and ground fuels? Yes More detailed narrative

3.1.7. Seasonal Variations Seasonal Variations Indicate significant seasonal variations and how this is managed. NO Are there national priorities in the availability of fuel? Yes Is there a rationing system? No Is fuel to lower income/vulnerable groups subsidized? Yes Can the local industry expand fuel supply to meet humanitarian needs? Yes Comments: Is it possible for a humanitarian organization to contract directly a Yes reputable supplier/distributor to provide its fuel needs?

3.1.8. Fuel Transportation Transportation How is internal transportation of fuel products carried out?  Most by road or sea Is the transportation infrastructure and fleet sufficient to handle current domestic needs as well as increased demand from the humanitarian community? Yes 

3.1.9. Standards, Quality & Testing

The total reliance on imported fuel has been an obstacle to Fiji's development. Nearly half of Fiji's total energy is imported from Australia, New Zealand and Singapore. Australia and New Zealand were the major suppliers of petroleum products in the country. Mineral oil imports in 2008 totaled US$692.8 million, accounting for 33.9% of Fiji’s total national import bill. The transport sector is the main consumer of commercial fuel, mostly in the form of gasoline.

Industry Control Measures Tanks with adequate protection against water mixing with the fuel Yes Filters in the system, monitors where fuel is loaded into aircraft Yes Adequate epoxy coating of tanks on trucks Yes Presence of suitable fire fighting equipment Yes

Standards Authority Is there a national or regional standards authority? Yes If yes, are the standards adequate/properly enforced? Adequate? Inadequate? Testing Laboratories Are there national testing laboratories? Yes Fuel Quality Testing Laboratory – Name Address

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Telephone Fax Contact Standards Used 

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3.2. Transporters

3.2.1. Transport Market Overview (trucking)

Transport plays a critical role in Fiji’s economy contributing around 10.2% of GDP in the last three years, (2007-2009). It also employs considerable amount of people in both formal and informal sectors with the latter most vibrant in the land transport industry. It also links key social and economic sectors of the economy including resources based industries, education and health. The sector’s contribution to GDP is expected to expand to 20% by 2014 once the impact on the economy of the support from EXIM Bank China and EXIM Bank Malaysia comes through.

In the coming years, Fiji’s government intends to pursue its transport financing with the private sector especially in the area of land transport. The government will also be engaging the private sector to go into financing rehabilitation works for existing roads.

3.2.2. Transporters DHL Trans Pacific Sarl Mata utu Address Box 348 NADI Contact Person Business Cell Contact Person Operations Cell Within Fiji: 3372766 Telephone Outside Fiji: 679- Fax 3372766 Email Fleet Capacity per vehicle Total Capacity Vehicle Types Number Condition type (No x capacity) Truck 1 (small) cars 10

Total Fleet Capacity (MT) Comprehensive source of information about DHL Fiji. Here you’ll find office addresses, shipping guidelines and restrictions, drop-off and collection points for DHL Express shipments, key local facts and more!

TNT Address Knollys Sreet/Holland Street, Suva Contact Person Business Cell Contact Person Operations Cell (679) 308 677 Telephone Fax (679) 311 712 Email [email protected] Fleet Capacity per vehicle Total Capacity Vehicle Types Number Condition type (No x capacity)

Total Fleet Capacity (MT) 

Lautoka General Transport Address Bouwala St Contact Person Business 6660306 Cell Contact Person Operations Cell

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Telephone Fax Email Fleet Capacity per vehicle Total Capacity Vehicle Types Number Condition type (No x capacity)

Total Fleet Capacity (MT) 

Add as many tables as required

3.3. Vehicle Rental

Narrative:

Rental Car Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Nadi: 672 2233 Port Denarau: 672 22 33 Tel: Avis Suva: 337 8361 Fax: Nausori: 337 8362 Labasa;: 881 5892 Summary of Services 

Rental Car Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Suva: 3380981 / 992 3923 Tel: Hertz Nadi: 672 3466 Fax: Summary of Services 

Rental Car Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Suva: 3315899 Suva Airport: 3315899 Sigatoka: 650 0986 Sheraton Fiji Resort: 675 0679 Port Denerau: 675 0888 Tel: Budget Martintar Nadi: 672 4679 Fax: Nadi Airport: 672 2735 Lautoka: 666 6166 Ba: 667 6555 Labasa: 881 1999 Savusavu: 881 1999 Summary of Services 

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3.4. Taxi Companies

Narrative:

Taxi Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Suva: 3312100 Suva 338 1433 Tel: Suva Suva 330 0139 Fax: Suva: 338 3199 Summary of Services 

Taxi Company & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Nadi 672 1350 Tel: Tavarua Taxi Nadi: 672 4125 Fax: Nadi: 670 1098 Summary of Services 

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3.5. Freight Forwarding Agents

Freight Forwarding Operators Name Phone Fax Email Website Adres Williams and Lot 9 Royal Palm Gosling 666 4090 666 3470 http://www.wgfiji.com.fj/ Road, Navutu (Lautoka) Williams and 3300367/ 80-82 Harris Road, Gosling 331 2633 http://www.wgfiji.com.fj/ 3302106 Suva (Suva) Williams and Gosling 672 2855 672 0047 http://www.wgfiji.com.fj/ Nadi Airport (Nadi) Carpenters m.narain.shipping@car 22 Edinburgh Drive, Shipping 9996 439 3301 572 http://www.carpship.com.fj penters.com.fj Suva (Suva) Carpenters 5-11 Naviti Street, Shipping 9996 486 6664 896 Mr Anit Kumar http://www.carpship.com.fj Lautoka (Lautoka)

Pacific http://www.pacificagenciesf Level 2, Gohil Agencies 3315444 3301127 [email protected] iji.com/ Complex, (Suva) Toorak Road Pacific [email protected] http://www.pacificagenciesf 6 Sautamata Street, Agencies 6660577 6662985 om.fj iji.com/ Lautoka (Lautoka)

Shipping http://www.shippingservice 25 High Street, 3305577 3301615 [email protected] Services sfiji.com Toorak (Suva) Suites 3&4 Niranjan Shipping http://www.shippingservice Building, Services 666 7677 666 7813 [email protected] sfiji.com Saku Lane, off (Lautoka) Marine Drive Campbell's Shipping 330-6329 330-6363 http://csship.com/ Rawa St., Suva Agency Neptune CustomerService- Level 3, Ra Marama 330 0057 http://www.neptunepacific.c Pacific 3304 528 [email protected] House 91 Gordon /3316360 om (Suva) m Street Ground Floor Neptune CustomerService- http://www.neptunepacific.c Raymonds Building Pacific 6651244 6650 663 [email protected] om Queens Wharf (Lautoka) m Road

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3.6. Handling Equipment

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: 46 Matua Street, Walubay, Suva Tel: (679) 331 3155 Carpenters Hardware Title: Fax: (679) 330 0694 (679) 331 4480 Email: Web: Equipment Description

Carpenters Hardware is a major supplier of building and industrial contracting materials. Building materials on offer include general hardware, plumbing, floor and wall tiles and domestic and industrial electrical products. The division enjoys a strong position as a reliable and professional supplier from small contracting and do-it-yourself projects, to multi-million dollar construction works.

In recent years the division has expanded into regional markets and export sales now account for a significant proportion of annual sales. It has been a supplier for many major contracts in neighboring nations, and continues to do regular exports to Tonga, Samoa, Kiribati, Wallis and Futuna and Tuvalu.

Carpenters Hardware is one of the largest wholesalers in commercial and industrial electrical products, including air- conditioning and refrigeration equipment, as well as providing a full back up spare parts service. Carpenters Hardware also specializes in offering a full range of domestic electrical and lighting products.

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Manubhai (R.C. Manubhai & Co. Title: Tel:3384300/6724777 LTD.) Email: [email protected] Fax:3382655/3724700 Web: http://www.rcmanubhai.com.fj/ Equipment Description

R.C.Manubhai & Co. Ltd. is a well-known company, established in Fiji in 1960, dealing in Hardware & Building Materials. The company has seven outlets Fiji-wide ( Ba, Suva, Nadi, Tavua, Raki Raki, Valelevu, Labasa ) and it’s head office is centred in Ba – the town where the company’s roots originated.

With over four decades of trading under it’s belt, R.C.Manubhai is today considered to be the best in the business and our years of providing quality products with service second to none has made the company “ The Most Trusted Name in Hardware “.

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.vinodpatel.com.fj Tel: (679) 339 3111 Vinod Patel Adresse: 1 Ratu Dovi Rd., Fax: (679) 334 0255 Laucala Beach Estate, Centerpoint, Suva. Equipment Description

Vinod Patel & Co. Ltd is an established company situated in the Fiji Islands, dealing in hardware retail and export for more than 40 years. Since opening its doors in early 1962 with a small outlet in Ba town, the company has grown to become Fiji’s largest chain of hardware stores, with ten branches nation wide. Vinod Patel is a primary exporter of hardware to island nations in the Pacific making it the leading hardware retailer and exporter in the South Pacific region.

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Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name GMR (G.M.R. Muhammad & Sons Title: George Muhammad Tel: 341 0155 LTD) Email: [email protected] Fax: 341 0943 Web: www.gmr.com.fj Equipment Description

GENERAL HARDWARE, TIMBER, SPAREPARTS MERCHANTS IMPORTERS & EXPORTERS WHOLESALERS AND RETAILERS

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3.7. Electricity & Power

3.7.1. Electricity Overview

The Fiji Electricity Authority (FEA) established in 1966, is responsible for the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity in Fiji. The state-owned FEA generates almost all electricity in Fiji. However, the government plans to restructure the FEA to encourage private sector participation through Independent Power Producers (IPPs). The government is also considering separating FEA’s regulatory functions from its commercial activities.

Currently, the contribution of the electricity sector to GDP is about 3.6%. This is projected to increase as a result of greater access to electricity in rural areas under the Rural Electrification Programme which, apart from the extension of the grid networks and diesel schemes, also encourages the utilisation of solar home systems in rural communities.

3.7.1.1. National Energy Policy (2006) The policy focuses on four key strategic areas, that include;  National Energy Planning,  Energy Security,  Power Sector,  Renewable Energy Development.

3.7.1.2. Rural Electrification Policy The majority of villages and settlements that cannot be served by FEA line extension could be served with solar-home- systems (SHSs) with the government stations, and surrounding villages and settlements with hybrid power systems (HPSs). In addition, there are a few villages with appropriate hydro resources and relatively modest needs, which could also be provided service using the model under evaluation for SHSs. The country also aims to have 30% of the fuel used in transport to be in the form of biofuels, Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG).

3.7.1.3. Energy Regulator The responsibility for electricity generation, transmission and distribution, and its regulation in Fiji, is vested with the Fiji Electricity Authority (FEA), established under the Electricity Act 1966. The FEA also has responsibility for the development and extension of electricity nationally where financially viable. It currently operates only in those three islands with sufficient demand and population density to justify grid systems: Viti Levu, Vanua Levu and Ovalau. The Fiji Electricity Authority is a wholly government-owned, statuary body. The Director of the Energy Department is present in the Board of the FEA as the representative of Ministry of Works and Energy. Funding for the FEA comes from a state-allocated budget, as well as operational revenues.

Main Producer / Distributor Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Tel: Fiji Electricity Authority (FEA) Email: Fax: Web: www.fea.com.fj Overview - The Fiji Electricity Authority (FEA) generated 587,004 MWh of electricity in the first three quarters of 2009.

3.7.2. Electricity Generation

The FEA operates mainly through a hydropower-based Viti-Levu-Interconnected-System (VLIS) and the isolated Rakiraki diesel system in Viti Levu. In Vanua Levu are two isolated systems: Labasa and Savusavu. In Ovalau is a diesel system to cover needs of Levuka. Presently, the FEA includes a relatively small 10 kW PV array connected to the VLIS at the Navutu Depot in Lautoka. In addition to the major Wailoa (Monasavu Dam) 80 MW hydropower system, there is a 0.8 MW hydropower plant in Waineqeu (Savusavu, Vanua Levu). The FEA also purchases electricity, for the VLIS and Labasa grids, generated by the Fiji Sugar Corporation (FSC) using bagasse.

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In 2008, the electricity generation by fuel source type was as follows:

10 Current Production Production Unit Type Installed Capacity (MW) (MW) Hydro-electric 62.1 % Diesel 33.8% Wind 0.6 % IPP Installions (Various) 3.5%

Imported Electricity Details

The total reliance on imported fuel has been an obstacle to Fiji's development. Nearly half of Fiji's total energy is imported from Australia, New Zealand and Singapore. Australia and New Zealand were the major suppliers of petroleum products in the country. Mineral oil imports in 2008 totalled US$692.8 million, accounting for 33.9% of Fiji’s total national import bill. The transport sector is the main consumer of commercial fuel, mostly in the form of gasoline.

3.7.2.1. Capacity Concerns

Electricity demand in Fiji has been growing at 5% yearly over the last five years, and is expected to continue to grow faster in the coming years. The FEA, however, faces a challenging uncertainty in terms of future load growth and the performance of their future capacity investments, which are directly influenced by the uncertain direction of Fiji’s economy.

Also, the value of Fiji’s imports has been increasing and reached the US$3 billion mark in 2006. A major contributing factor to this increase has been the importation of mineral fuel, which has increased in value from around US$400 million in 2004 to about US$1.2 billion in 2008. The heavy dependence of industry on imported fuel highlights the vulnerability of the economy to rising fuel prices. This is of particular concern considering that the increase in demand for power over the last decade has exceeded the Monasavu Hydropower Station capacity, and resulted in the FEA supplementing its energy capacity with diesel generation.

In terms of final energy consumption, the transport sector has continually consumed over 40% of the total energy supplied, followed by the commercial sector, industrial and domestic sector.

3.7.3. Distribution

The FEA has an extensive grid system on Viti Levu, and three smaller grids on Vanua Levu and Ovalau. Vanua Levu, the second largest island, has no widespread electricity grid, partly due to the high cost of diesel generation and sparsely spread population of the entire area. The Savusavu grid is powered by an 800kW hydro scheme and a 1.04 MW diesel plant.

87% of the total number of urban households had access to electricity in 2002, and about 49% of rural households are electrified. It is estimated that about 57% of Fiji's total population have direct access to power supplied by the FEA.

3.7.4. Supply

The supply of electricity to consumers in Fiji is split into that supplied by the Fiji Electricity Authority (FEA) and that supplied to rural consumers by the Public Works Department (PWD), operating small power grids at five provincial centres. The former is by far the largest, accounting for all major grid areas in the main islands. The FEA is a state- owned organisation, with the monopoly on the transmission and distribution of electricity via the national grid, and is a vertically-integrated organisation.

Power Stability Power grid / network coverage 87% of the total number of urban households had access

10 E.g. Hydroelectric power, Thermal power…

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to electricity in 2002, and about 49% of rural households are electrified Is supply regular and constant throughout the country? No When there is a storm, power falls out. Also once in a Please describe while without bad weather. Power fall-outs are not announced On average, how often does power supply go out? 1 per month On average, how long does the outage last? 30 min – 1 hour

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3.8. Manual Labour Costs

Type of labour Price in US$ per day as of November 2009 Daily general worker (unskilled casual worker) 200 FJD per week Daily general worker (semi-skilled) 350 FJD per week Skilled labour 1.500 FJD per month

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3.9. Telecommunications

3.9.1. Overview

Fiji is the hub of the South Pacific Telecommunication network and focal point of regional business activity. Telecom Fiji Limited (TFL) provides all the telecommunication facilities.

A world-class international connectivity via the Southern Cross Cable fibre optic networks gives Fiji competitive edge in the globalised on-line world. The high speed network can now deliver a 240Gbps (capacity of new submarine cable system) fastest, most direct and most secure international bandwidth from Australia, New Zealand and Hawaii via the Pacific right to the heart of the Internet in the USA. Located strategically (GMT+12) between Asia and the USA, Fiji provides a “time-zone” business advantage, not only to East Asia and the US, but also to Eastern US and Europe.

Fiji’s telecommunications infrastructure and improvements in the communication links to the world provides the country with a good platform for IT development. Openings in the mobile and VoIP industry complement the business sector with high expectations for front end and back end ICT business opportunities. Fiji has managed to secure its position in attracting some renowned ICT investors to locate their back office operation in Fiji. The Government offers ICT incentives and ICT dedicated zones to promote the development of the industry. In addition, the ICT stakeholders in Fiji have established the ICT Association to advocate the acceleration of the ICT industry locally.

Types of ICT activities:

 Call Centres  Data/Voucher Processing  Mail Management  Telehosting/Warehousing  Disaster Recovery Management System  Software Development

Some of the renowned IT brands in FIJI are HP, Dell, IBM, Compaq, Acer, Cisco Systems

Telephone

Telecom Fiji Limited (TFL) is the sole provider of local and national (trunk) telephony services, and owns the only public switched telephone network in Fiji. The TFL network consists of 55 telephone exchanges throughout Fiji and Rotuma, connecting more than 101,000 customers.

TFL provides and operates telecommunication services in Fiji under the provisions of the Post & Telecommunications Decrees 1989. This license gives the company a monopoly on the provision of network services, but the provision of telecommunication equipment is open to competition.

Ganilau House, Edward Street, Suva Private Mail Bag, Suva Tel: 330 4019 Fax: 330 5595 Website: www.tfl.com.fj

Telecom Fiji Limited (TFL) provides all the telecommunication facilities listed below:

 Postpaid  Prepay  Telex  Radio Telephone  Facsimile  Voice Mail  Paging

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 Internet and Data Services  ISDN  Video Conferencing  International Calling

Telephone Connection Charges (F$) For complete direct exchange connection $81.00 A telephone apparatus installation $39.38 Reconnection from previous subscriber $81.00

Business Charges Deposit $200.00 Access Fee 1 or 2 lines $16.88 Access Fee 2 lines or more $39.38 Residential Charges Deposit Access monthly fee $250.00 Single Telephone Equipment monthly fee $9.00 $2.25 For each internal extension, internal extension socket or internal extension bell $39.38

Call Charges $0.12 Residential Post Pay (unlimited) $0.24 TFL Prepay (per minute) $0.12 Business (60mins)

Mobile Services

Cell phone products and services are in Fiji as well and it has become a popular mode of mobile communications for individuals and business professionals. There are currently 3 mobile service providers in Fiji:

 Vodafone Fiji provides coverage within the area from Ba to Nausori via the Queens Highway and up to 30 kilometers offshore. The Vodafone network is made up of a series of base-stations all of which communicate with each other via their central exchange in Suva. Telecom and FINTEL exchanges can also be accessed allowing instant communications anywhere in the world. www.vodafone.com.fj

 Digicel is the largest operator in the Caribbean operating in 23 markets, and recent entrant to Central America. Fiji is the 28th Digicel launch worldwide. It has coverage from Rotuma to Kadavu and throughout Viti Levu and Vanua Levu. The company is renowned for competitive rates, unbeatable coverage, and superior customer care, a wide variety of products and services, and state-of-the-art handsets. www.digicelfiji.com

 Inkk Mobile is the third provider of mobile serviced in Fiji. They are a separate entity but use Vodafone’s network, therefore, they share the same coverage as Vodafone. www.inkkmobile.com.fj

Vodafone Fiji

 Vodafone is Fiji's leading mobile network with more than 750,000 active subscribers out of a total population of 820,000. It has been operating in Fiji for over 15 years with network coverage to over 97% of Fiji's population.  Vodafone operates GSM, GPRS and UMTS technologies. Currently, Vodafone Fiji is the only provider of 3.5G network technology offering wireless mobile broadband services with speeds of up to 14.4 mpbs in all major metropolitan areas and to all major resorts and hotels on the main Island of Viti Levu.  For visitors to Fiji, mobile phones operate on GSM 900 MHz frequency and UMTS 2100 frequency. Any GSM dual or tri-band mobile phone will work on Vodafone Fiji's network.  Vodafone Fiji also offers seamless cutover to its network through inbound roaming arrangements with most mobile networks in the region.

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Digicel Fiji

 Digicel launched its Fiji operations in October 2008, enhancing mobile communications in Fiji by giving local mobile phone users greater coverage around Fiji. Digicel also has a number of services to make mobile phone roaming easy.  Digicel data roaming services available with over 200 partners in over 150 countries.  Digicel Fiji is a part of Digicel Pacific. With operations in six markets Digicel Pacific has become the fastest- growing telecommunications provider within the region and has recently won a license to operate in French Polynesia.

International Telephone Service

Fiji International Telecommunications Limited (FINTEL) is an international telecommunication carrier and is an extended arm of Telecom Fiji Ltd. It is a public bureau providing telephone, telex, telegram and facsimile facilities. There is a $500 deposit required from expatriates before a telephone can be installed.

An application form can be picked from for telecommunication services should be made to:

The Managing Director

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Telecom Fiji Ltd Private Mail Bag SUVA Tel: (679) 3304019 Fax: (679) 3306180

International calls to most overseas countries could be made through directory assistance or direct through international direct dialing (IDD).

Fiji International Telecommunications Ltd (FINTEL)

 FINTEL is Fiji's premier international telecommunications carrier of choice.  Fiji’s primary link to the rest of the world is through the Southern Cross Cable Network. This third generation optical fiber submarine cable links Fiji to the rest of the world via Australia, New Zealand and the US West Coast via Hawaii. The cable is complemented by the New Skies Satellite Earth Station.  International telecommunications is switched through FINTEL’s Next Generation Network (NGN), providing choice of premium and IP services.  In the domestic market, FINTEL provides IP voice and data services through its VSAT (satellite) and Internet Service Provider (KIDANET) services using WiMax technology.  Clients also have a choice of using FINTEL radio back-haul to access the domestic market.

FINTEL International & Domestic Services

 Voice – premium and IP to over 230 countries  IP Transit – dual peering to US and Australia  International Private Lease (IPL) – speeds commencing from 2Mbps.  International Frame Relay – for small to medium enterprises from 64Kbps to 1024Kbps  VSAT – voice and data for domestic and the Pacific islands markets  Videoconferencing – IP or ISDN with speeds up to 2Mbits  Bandwidth Lease – dedicated links from 2Mbps upwards  International TV Transmission – occasional use television service via New Skies Satellite  Telehousing – 24x7 operations and service monitoring with direct access to the international gateway.  One Stop Shop – allow customers to deal with a single carrier, on behalf of the several carriers (including domestic) involved, in respect of service activation, billing and service assurance  Internet Serivce Provider (ISP) – IP data and voice through subsidiary, Kidanet.

3.9.2. ISP Providers

Internet Services provided by Connect (a subsidiary of Telecom Fiji Limited), Kidanet (subsidiary company of Fiji International Telecommunications Ltd), Unwired Fiji, Vodafone Fiji Ltd and Digicel offer Internet access to individuals with 'Individual Dialup' and 'Home User' packages. Casual access is also available at business bureaus and Internet cafes. For more information, please visit the following websites:

1. http://www.connect.com.fj 2. http://www.kidanet.com.fj 3. http://www.unwired.com.fj 4. http://www.vodafone.com.fj 5. http://www.digicelfiji.com

Corporate Access

Corporate connections allow an organization to have Internet access via a single link with Internet Services. Internet access is then distributed to individual users over a network or the link may be used by a single person. Corporate Access options provide 24-hour connectivity and allow organizations to manage their own email accounts, web sites and other services.

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Tel: (679)3300 100 / (679) 670 7359 Connect Email: Fax: (679)3307 237 / (679) 3307 Web: http://www.connect.com.fj/ 237 Address: 1 Carpenters St,

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Raiwai, Suva Postal:GPO Box 13779,Suva Summary of Services

Connect is a fully owned subsidiary company of Telecom Fiji Limited under Amalgamated Telecom Holdings. Connect Fiji Ltd. began in 1996 with the exclusive license to provide internet services throughout Fiji.

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Email: [email protected] Tel: 08003315749 Kidanet Web: http://www.kidanet.com.fj/ Fax: 679 - 331 0332 Address: 158 Victoria Parade. Suva. P.o. Box 51, Suva, Fiji Islands. Summary of Services

@Home KIDANET’s Internet services for home users range from 128k to 1MB access plans.

@Work KIDANET provides two types of access services for business clients; dedicated and shared.

@School KIDANET is about connecting schools and students. Dedicated and shared service packages for educational institutions are available

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Email: [email protected] Tel: 327 5040 Unwired Web: http://www.unwired.com.fj Fax:32775045 / 3275053 Address:: Garden City, Raiwai 2 Cer Street, Suva Summary of Services

Unwired Fiji is a private Fijian registered company offering full internet services.

Unwired Fiji is the first true wireless broadband internet service in Fiji. Network deployment from 2005 to 2007 saw Unwired expand the first Pre-Wimax in the Pacific.

The shareholders in the company include:  Hari Punja and Sons Limited  Data Nets Limited  Communications Fiji Limited  Kontiki Growth Fund Limited

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Email: Web: http://www.vodafone.com.fj Tel: 679) 331 2000 Vodafone Address: 168 Princess Road Fax: (679) 331 2007 Tamavua, Suva Fiji Islands

Summary of Services

Vodafone works closely with Vodafone Group to provide support and solutions that are tailored for every individual offering a seamless local and international experience bundled with an abundance of strong, growing services.

Vodafone has got 350 base stations

Company Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Tel: 331 0200 Digicel Title: Fax: 331 0201

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Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.digicelfiji.com Address:: Ground Floor Kadavu House Victoria Parade, Suva Fiji Islands P O Box 13811, Suva, Fiji

Summary of Services

3.9.3. Telecommunications Regulations

The Telecommunications Authority of Fiji (TAF) is the regulatory authority for all telecommunications matters and has the following functions -  to implement the telecommunications policy in accordance with its powers under the Promulgation;  to assist through mediation the resolution of disputes between licensees or between licensees and consumers;  to manage State assets through allocating, assigning and supervising the use of radio spectrum and frequencies;  to manage State assets through allocating, assigning and supervising the use of numbering;  to promote investor confidence relating to telecommunications;  to protect consumer interests and promote consumer awareness relating to telecommunications;  to represent the Government in regional and international organisations and obligations, when the Minister has officially delegated such tasks to the Authority; and  to perform any other functions assigned to under the Promulgation or any other written law

“State assets” refers to radio frequency spectrum or the national telephone numbering system and includes any other telecommunication assets prescribed under the Promulgation.

Ms VUNIWAQA Mereseini Rakuita State Sollicitor Telecommunication Authority of Fiji Victoria Parade – Suva – Fiji Fax: +679 330 5421 Tel: +679 330 9866 Mobile: +679 990 5200

Regulations Regulations on usage or import of: Yes / No Regulating Authority Satellite Yes TAF HF Radio Yes TAF UHF/VHF/HF radio: handheld, base and mobile Yes TAF UHF/VHF repeaters Yes TAF GPS Yes TAF VSAT Yes TAF Individual Network Operator Licenses  Frequency Licenses 

3.9.4. Existing Humanitarian Telecoms Systems All humanitarian agencies are using the capacities provided by the companies or governmental agencies in the country. Besides the systems owned by the government, only the Fiji Red Cross Society has HF radio communications and satellite telephones in place. UNDSS also operates radio communications UN agencies have CHF systems in place but don’t really use them.

Existing UN Telecommunication Systems Organisations  UNDP WFP ? ? ? ? VHF frequencies

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HF frequencies Repeaters VSAT

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3.10. Local Supplies Market

3.10.1. Main Food Suppliers

Production Production Rank Commodity (USD1000) (MT) 1 Sugar cane 68,596 2,089,000 2 Indigenous Cattle Meat 22,579 0 3 Cow milk, whole, fresh 18,412 59,000 4 Coconuts 16,586 150,000 5 Indigenous Chicken Meat 16,583 0 6 Taro (cocoyam) 14,817 69,863 7 Indigenous Pigmeat 6,122 0 8 Cassava 3,980 42,332 9 Fruit Fresh Nes 3,337 9,562 10 Rice, paddy 3,141 11,637 11 Hen eggs, in shell 2,879 3,471 12 Indigenous Goat Meat 2,171 0 13 Ginger 2,059 3,041 14 Vegetables fresh 1,575 8,360 15 Tomatoes 1,220 3,300 16 Pineapples 1,028 3,606 17 Honey, natural 991 395 18 Bananas 960 3,409 19 Eggplants (aubergines) 779 3,642 20 Papayas 694 2,446

Australia supplies approximately 38 per cent of the total food and beverage market in Fiji, and shares a position of preferred supplier along with New Zealand. Fiji imports the majority of its food and beverage requirements. There is a small and relatively concentrated food processing industry with retail and food service being the larger volume sub-sectors.

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The grocery retail sector is the largest sub-sector, three times the size of the food service industry. The retail sector is relatively fragmented with four main players, the largest of which is Morris Hedstrom. Close to half of Fiji’s population lives in the greater Suva area thus it is this geographic region that dominates retail sales. Suva also is a hub for the Pacific Islands with a number of regional institutions and multinational corporations that service the Pacific islands based in Suva. As a result there is also a small but notable expatriate community. Key product categories that Australia supplies to Fiji are: • Frozen meat • Frozen seafood • Confectionery • Cereal • Spices • Dairy • Wine and beer and other beverages • Fresh produce • Canned fruits • Sauces and spreads • Health bars • Snack products

Australia currently supplies approximately one-third of the fruit and vegetables exported to Fiji. Those that are most commonly imported include: • Fruit – apples, oranges, grapes, pears, plums, dates, nectarines, peaches and nashi pears. • Vegetables – carrots, peas, dried legumes, celery, cauliflower, broccoli, beetroot, asparagus, turnips and parsley.

The 2011 budget announced in November 2010 made a number of changes to duty applicable to fresh produce imports from five per cent to 32 per cent. Most vegetables that can be grown in Fiji or have substitutes that can grow in Fiji will attract 32 per cent duty plus 15 per cent import excise tax. Australia remains Fiji’s largest supplier of imported wines by a large margin – approximately 66 per cent of the total market. The wine market is very competitive and wine importers are constantly being presented with new brands. Pricing seems to play a major role in deciding which brands to carry. A number of affordable brands are available in bottle shops allowing exposure of wine to a great number of consumers. Some newly imported beverages are appearing in supermarkets and convenience stores especially energy drinks. Prices are quite competitive. A well priced product requiring a good distributor in the market can assist in promoting and growing the brand locally.

Company Address Contact Telephone Flour  330 1188 - Suva - Leonidas St WBay  330 0944 - Suva - Fax Fmf Foods Ltd  666 3086 - Lautoka - Royal Palm Drv Navutu Indstrl Rice  330 1188 - Suva - Leonidas St WBay  330 0944 - Suva - Fax Fmf Foods Ltd  666 3086 - Lautoka - Royal Palm Drv Navutu Indstrl Beans  330 1188 - Suva - Fmf Foods Ltd Leonidas St WBay  330 0944 - Suva -

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Fax  666 3086 - Lautoka - Royal Palm Drv Navutu Indstrl Sugar

Head Office FSC Limited Head Office Cnr. of Bila & Vidilo Street 3rd Floor Western House

Private Mail Bag Lautoka Phone: (679) 666-2655 Fax: (679) 666-4685 Fiji Sugar Corporation Supply Chain FSC Limited

Supply Chain-FSC Private Mail Bag Lautoka Fiji Phone: (679) 666-0330 Fax: (679) 666-0726 or (679) 666-1533

General Food

 Morris Hedstrom (MH) is Fiji’s largest wholesale and retail organisation with a chain of Supermarkets and Homemaker (variety) Stores.  In the environs of the capital Suva, MH operates supermarkets in the City, Nabua, Nasinu and a suburban shopping complex in Tamavua. It also operates specialised Homemaker Stores in the City and Nabua and a variety and stationery store also in the City.  The MH chain of stores extends to Nausori, Naulu and Korovou not far from Suva, and on to Navua, Sigatoka, Nadi, Namaka and Lautoka in the West, Morris Hedstrom Ba and Tavua on the north-western coast of the main island, Labasa and Head Office Savusavu on Vanua Levu, the second largest island, and Somosomo on the Argo Street - Walu Bay - island of Taveuni. Suva P. O. Box 295 - Suva  MH merchandise spans a broad range of goods from foodstuffs to Phone: (679) 3315299 agricultural supplies. These come from Fiji’s own expanding sources of local Fax: (679) 3315689 supply as well as from Australia, New Zealand and Asia. Email:  MH supermarkets have a wide selection of groceries, fresh fruits, [email protected] vegetables, meat, dairy products, frozen food and seafood.

 MH also operates a network of 17 Service Station sites spread throughout Viti Levu and Vanua Levu main islands retailing Mobil fuel and related products and offering a range of supermarket merchandise through the MH Express outlets.  Additional activities include wholesaling of grocery lines, agricultural products and contract and bulk supply services. MH also operates agency and distributorship marketing for a number of well-known international brands.

3.10.2. Other than Food Suppliers

Suppliers are generally reliable and government will privilege national procurement instead of importing emergency relief items. This being said, even if nearly all NF humanitarian items (Shelters, cooking kits, hygiene kits …) may be found in the country, the local suppliers only maintain stocks fitting with the general needs of the country and are not ready for a surge or for signing stand-by agreements or buffer stocks agreements with the humanitarian agencies.  The biggest stocks operators may rely on turn around 1,000 pcs maximum all agencies included.

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 Furthermore, as a real competition will happen, including the local and national actors, it is predictable that the prices will increase significantly during emergencies (noticed from past experiences).  Finally, the process for renewal of supplies may be slow.

Recommendations  As a consequence of this, all major emergency operations should be designed and implemented with their independent material for distribution. Stocks of humanitarian supplies exist in Solomon Islands, Brisbane, Jakarta, Manila, KUL, Sydney as well as in Dubai, Bangkok and other locations  Furthermore, Asian markets have easy and quick access to the world biggest and most reliable manufacturers located in developing Asian countries. This pipeline will definitely be faster and more reliable than any one involving the local suppliers  Exceptions to this concern power generation equipment, heavy handling equipment as well as all the building material

Companies

1. Vinod Patel & Company Ltd.

Vinod Patel & Company Ltd. Head Office Contacts: Phone: (679) 339 3111 Fax: (679) 334 0255

Vinod Patel & Co. Ltd is an established company situated in the Fiji Islands, dealing in hardware retail. Since opening, the company has grown to become Fiji’s largest chain of hardware stores, with ten branches nationwide. Vinod Patel is a primary exporter of hardware to island nations in the Pacific making it the leading hardware retailer and exporter in the South Pacific region.

Vinod Patel & Co. Ltd. has branches located at all major towns and cities, and has a product range of more than 35 000 items.

In addition, associated manufacturing companies; Ba Industries Limited (BIL) and Tubemakers and Roofmart Limited (TRL) provide roofing nails, galvanized and wire nails, PVC pipes and fittings, metal roofing and walling materials, farm fencing, chain link fence, barbed wire and a complete range of structural and reinforcing steel.

2. Carpenters Hardware Ltd.

Address: 46 Matua Street, Walu Bay, Suva. Phone: (679) 331 3155 Fax: (679) 330 0694 and (679) 331 4480 Email: [email protected]

Carpenters Hardware is a major supplier of building and industrial contracting materials. Building materials on offer include general hardware, plumbing, floor and wall tiles and domestic and industrial electrical products.

The division provides a range of services through the head office and Suva Branch in Walubay and a network of branches in Suva City, MHCC, Nausori, Sigatoka, Nadi, Lautoka, Ba, Rakiraki,Levuka, Taveuni, Labasa, Savusavu.

The division offers a full range of timbers, including pine and native timber. Carpenters Hardware offers a range of steel products in beam sheets and rods including a steel cutting and bending, as well as a wire rope cutting and splicing service.

Carpenters Hardware is one of the largest wholesalers in commercial and industrial electrical products, including air- conditioning and refrigeration equipment, as well as providing a full back up spare parts service. Carpenters Hardware also specializes in offering a full range of domestic electrical and lighting products.

It is the agent for a full range of world market leader Makita power tools and general builders equipment from Flextool. Key agencies include Norcros adhesive and grouts, Grohe tape ware, Schneider electrical range, Armstrong and Eureka tiles, Inda bathroom ware, Osram lights and fittings, Superlux lighting range, Ewings tapware and Greens wheelbarrows, Ascon air-conditioners and Reem water heating equipment.

Carpenters Hardware are also stockists of some well known brands such as Caroma sanitary ware, Taubmans Nobel and Dulux Paints, HPM, Clipsal, Winstone wallboards, James Hardie, Stanley/Sidchrome tools, Spears and Jackson garden tools and Tasman insulation, Tramontina tools, Hitachi and Many more

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Company Address Contact Telephone Generators Vinod Patel & Company Ltd. See above Carpenters Hardware Ltd. See above

Portable Accommodation, Tents & Tarpaulins Vinod Patel & Company Ltd. See above Carpenters Hardware Ltd. See above

Construction Material Vinod Patel & Company Ltd. See above Carpenters Hardware Ltd. See above

NFIs Vinod Patel & Company Ltd. See above Carpenters Hardware Ltd. See above

Water Equipment: Pumps, Filters, Pipes & Tanks Vinod Patel & Company Ltd. See above Carpenters Hardware Ltd. See above

Computers

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3.11. Accommodation

Hotel Booking Website Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Tel: Agoda Email: Fax: Web: http://www.agoda.com Summary of Services 

Hotel Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Tel: Tripavisor Email: Fax: Web: http://www.tripadvisor.com Summary of Services 

Hotel Name & Address Contact Names & Email Telephone & Fax Name: Title: Tel: Booking Email: Fax: Web: http://www.booking.com Summary of Services 

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4. Scenarios & Contingencies

4.1. Refugees and IDPs Potential Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Case Load Civil Unrest Whole 50,000  Shelters kits GoF: country  Tools kits  Lead agency for  HH kits response: NDMO  Hygiene kits  Support agencies:  Cooking kits Police, RFMF,  Sanitation facilities  Camp management kits Humanitarian agencies:  Medical supplies  UN and INGOs, ICRC, Red Cross

Logistics Considerations (e.g. existing capacities / augmentation vis a vis scenario) General See the Logistics Operational Contingency Plan for Fiji produced by WFP in 2012. Storage

Transport

4.2. Food Security Potential Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Case Load Major Droughts Whole 200,000  Food GoF: country  Water supply  Lead agency for  Shelters kits response: NDMO  Hygiene kits  Support agencies:  Cooking kits Police, RFMF, all  Sanitation facilities agencies  Medical supplies Humanitarian agencies:  UN and INGOs, ICRC, Red Cross

Logistics Considerations (e.g. existing capacities / augmentation vis a vis scenario) General See the Logistics Operational Contingency Plan for Fiji produced by WFP in 2012. Storage

Transport

4.3. Natural Disaster Potential Floods Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Case Load

 Shelters kits GoF:  Tools kits  Lead agency for response: NDMO  HH kits  Support agencies:  Hygiene kits All Police, RFMF, all Major Floods 200,000  Cooking kits divisions agencies  Sanitation facilities

 Camp management kits Humanitarian agencies:  Medical supplies UN and INGOs, ICRC, Red Cross

Potential Cyclones Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Case Load Cyclone Whole 200,000  Shelters kits GoF:

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country  Tools kits  Lead agency for  HH kits response: NDMO  Hygiene kits  Support agencies:  Cooking kits Police, RFMF, all  Sanitation facilities agencies  Camp management kits  Medical supplies Humanitarian agencies: UN and INGOs, ICRC, Red Cross

Logistics Considerations (e.g. existing capacities / augmentation vis a vis scenario) General Storage See the Logistics Operational Contingency Plan for Fiji produced by WFP in 2012. Transport

4.4. Other (please specify) Potential Most Likely Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Quantity Case Load

Potential Worst Case Location Estimated Relief Items Who? Quantity Case Load

*Add as many rows as needed

Logistics Considerations (e.g. existing capacities / augmentation vis a vis scenario) General Storage Transport

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5. Annexes

5.1. Annex 1: List of Contacts

Please provide the relevant points of contact (Name, Address, Telephone, e-mail, Website)

• Principal Government Official with whom WFP deals

• Government Agency dealing with emergency relief and/or disaster management

• Military and/or Civil Defence Actors

• Principal Port Authority

• River Transport Operations Contact(s)

• Air Cargo Operations Contact(s)

• Air Operations Authorities

• Principal Government Aviation Traffic Authority

• Road Transport Operations Contact(s)

• Railroad Transport Operations Contact(s)

• Government Contact for Rail-Transport Operations

• Warehouse contacts

• Milling contacts

• NGOs, other Agencies and relevant Organizations

5.2. Annex 2: Relevant Websites applicable to this LCA

5.3. Annex 3: Maps

Provide maps for the infrastructure assessed above, as well as any sketch or diagram logistically relevant. Pictures should also be supplied.

5.4. Annex 4: Miscellaneous

For Boats the following certificates are needed for the Fiji Islands Revenue & Customs Authority Certificates. (FIRCA) See Port Overview

 FIRCA Forms - certification of clearance  FIRCA Form ADVANCE INFORMATION OF ARRIVAL

5.5. Annex : Detailed research findings and other relevant legislation

See from Page 14.

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