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Trosglwyddo Gwybodaeth a Rhwydweithiau Cymdeithasol: Dysg Ewropeaidd A'r Chwyldro

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Trosglwyddo Gwybodaeth a Rhwydweithiau Cymdeithasol: Dysg Ewropeaidd A'r Chwyldro Trosglwyddo Gwybodaeth a Rhwydweithiau Cymdeithasol: Dysg Ewropeaidd a’r Chwyldro yn Ysgolheictod Cymru Oes Fictoria Trawsysgrifiadau o Lythyrau at Thomas Stephens (1821–1875) o Lawysgrif Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru 965E i–ii Knowledge Transfer and Social Networks: European Learning and the Revolution in Welsh Victorian Scholarship Transcripts of Letters to Thomas Stephens (1821–1875) from National Library of Wales Manuscript 965E i–ii https://archives.library.wales/index.php/letters-889 INTRODUCTION CYFLWYNIAD The main aims of this Leverhulme Prif amcanion y prosiect hwn, a Trust-funded project were an noddwyd gan Ymddiriedolaeth exhibition on the life and works of Leverhulme, oedd cynnal Thomas Stephens, a monograph arddangosfa ar fywyd a gwaith charting his contributions to local Thomas Stephens, cyhoeddi cyfrol community, Welsh culture and am ei gyfraniad yn ei gymuned leol, European scholarship, and a critical at ddiwylliant Cymru ac ysgolheictod edition of the most important letters Ewrop, a chywain a golygu detholiad which connected him with the world o’i lythyrau pwysicaf, a oedd yn ei of European learning. gysylltu â byd dysgedig Ewrop. In 2017, the project decided to make Yn 2017, penderfynodd y prosiect its transcripts of letters addressed to wneud eu trawsysgrifiadau o’r Thomas Stephens found in four llythyrau at Stephens a geir mewn volumes at the National Library of pedair cyfrol yn Llyfrgell Wales available to the public. Genedlaethol Cymru ar gael i’r cyhoedd. National Library of Wales Ceir yn Llawysgrifau Llyfrgell Manuscripts 964E i–ii and 965E i–ii Genedlaethol Cymru 964E i–ii a contain over 400 letters donated in 965E i–ii dros 400 o lythyrau a 1916. Between 2013 and 2016, Dr roddwyd i’r llyfrgell ym 1916. Rhwng Adam Coward transcribed and edited 2013 a 2016, trawsysgrifiwyd a most of the material and Dr Marion olygwyd y rhan fwyaf o’r deunydd Löffler revised the collection, gan Dr Adam Coward, ac adolygwyd y especially the Welsh letters. We are cyfan, yn enwedig y llythyrau grateful to Dr Ceridwen Lloyd- Cymraeg, gan Dr Marion Löffler. Morgan for her help with the letters Mae’r prosiect yn ddyledus i Dr in French. Ceridwen Lloyd-Morgan am ei chymorth gyda’r llythyrau Ffrangeg. In the four volumes, the letters, Yn y pedair cyfrol, rhifir y llythyrau o numbered through from 1 to 385B, 1 hyd at 385B, gan gadw yn fras at are mainly in alphabetical order, drefn yr wyddor, o’r llythyr cyntaf a from the first, written by Scotsman ysgrifennwyd gan yr Albanwr Alex Alex Anderson, to number 385B in Anderson, hyd at rif 385B a anfonwyd the fourth volume, which had been at Stephens gan William Wilde, tad sent to Stephens by William Wilde, Oscar Wilde. Ceir ar ddiwedd 965E ii father of Oscar Wilde. The remainder ddeunydd amrywiol, megis visa, of 965E ii is taken up with amlenni, beirniadaethau miscellaneous material, such as visa, eisteddfodol, ac ambell gerdd. Mae’r envelopes, some eisteddfod trawsysgrifiadau yn dilyn trefn y adjudications, and poetry. The deunydd yn cyfrolau. transcripts have kept to the order of the material in the volumes. EDITORIAL PRINCIPLES EGWYDDORION GOLYGYDDOL Presented here are transcripts made Ceir yma drawsysgrifiadau o gynnwys for the project from volumes NLW cyfrolau Llsgr. LlGC 965E i–ii a MS 965E i–ii. They do not include wnaethpwyd ar gyfer y prosiect. Nid background information on ydynt yn cynnwys gwybodaeth Stephens’s correspondents, on gefndir ar y sawl oedd yn gohebu â subject areas discussed, or on the Stephens, ar y pynciau a drafodir, nac importance of certain letters and ar bwysigrwydd llythyrau a documents in Stephens’s private and dogfennau penodol ym mywyd public life. This additional preifat a chyhoeddus Stephens. Ceir information will be available in the yr wybodaeth ychwanegol hon yn y anthology and in the monograph. detholiad o lythyrau ac yn y gyfrol ar Here, the project reproduces our Thomas Stephens. Yma, atgynhyrchir transcripts only, organized by trawsysgrifiadau’r prosiect yn unig, correspondent and from A to Z of wedi eu trefnu yn ôl cyfenwau their surname. gohebwyr ac o A i Z. Editorial input has been kept to a Golygiad ysgafn o’r testun a geir yma, minimum. Obvious mistakes have gyda chamgymeriadau amlwg wedi been quietly corrected or more rarely eu cywiro’n dawel, neu, yn llai aml, been marked with [sic]. eu hamlygu â [sic]. Proper names mentioned by Cadwyd enwau priod, yn cynnwys correspondents, including historical enwau ffigyrau hanesyddol a and mythical figures, place names, chwedlonol, enwau afonydd, ac and river names, have been left as enwau lleoedd, fel y maent yn they appear in the letters. This ymddangos yn y gwreiddiol. Golyga means that the Irish hero now known hyn fod yr arwr Gwyddelig a as Cu Chullain, a river name like adwaenir fel Cu Chullain, enwau Crafnant, or the title of a manuscript afonydd megis Crafnant, a theitlau may appear in various forms and llawysgrifau yn ymddangos mewn spellings. amrywiol sillafiadau. The orthography has been Cadwyd orgraff adeg yr ysgrifennu, a transcribed as written at the time, fydd yn effeithio’n benodol ar which will especially affect searches chwiliadau am y geiriau Cymraeg for those Welsh words whose hynny y bu Thomas Stephens ac eraill spelling Stephens and others yn ceisio sefydlu eu sillafiadau yn attempted to settle after the dilyn Eisteddfod Llangollen 1858. Dim Llangollen Eisteddfod of 1858. Only ond mewn achosion pan fyddai’r in cases where a different spelling ystyr yn dywyll fel arall y cywirwyd would impede understanding have geiriau’n dawel neu y nodwyd words been quietly corrected or camgymeriadau â [sic]. marked by [sic]. All matter inserted by the editors, Ymddengys popeth a fewnosodwyd such as [illegible], appears in square gan y golygyddion, megis [illegible], brackets. rhwng bachau sgwâr. When citing from the transcripts use the format shown in this example: NLW MS 965E, no. 385a, William Wilde to Thomas Stephens, 30 July 1855, in Knowledge Transfer and Social Networks Transcript, <https://archives.library.wales/index.php/letters-889> Wrth ddyfynnu o’r trawsysgrifiadau, defnyddiwch ffurf yr enghraifft isod: Llsgr. LlGC 965E, rhif 385a, William Wilde at Thomas Stephens, 30 Gorffennaf 1855, yn Trosglwyddo Gwybodaeth a Rhwydweithiau Cymdeithasol Trawsysgrifiad, <https://archives.library.wales/index.php/letters-889> To learn more about Thomas Stephens of Merthyr Tydfil, go to: http://www.wales.ac.uk/en/CentreforAdvancedWelshCelticStudies/Rese archProjects/CurrentProjects/Knowledge-Transfer-and-Social- Networks/IntroductiontotheProject.aspx I ddysgu rhagor am Thomas Stephens o Ferthyr Tudful, ewch i: http://www.wales.ac.uk/cy/YGanolfanGeltaidd/ResearchProjects/CurrentPr ojects/TrosglwyddoGwybodaeth/IntroductiontotheProject.aspx NATIONAL LIBRARY OF WALES MS 965E, I and 965E, II Volume I 201 Windsor Castle 1/11/49 Dear Sir In answer to your kind note (of the 16th l.m) I have the pleasure to inform you that Her Majesty the Queen has been graciously pleased to accept the presentation of the two copies of your Prize Essay for Herself & for H.R.R. the Prince of Wales. You had last sent the two volumes to Buckingham Palace from whence they will be speedily forwarded to Windsor Castle. I have to apologize for the delay of this reply, which was owing to your note having been mislaid. I am very anxious to read your volume and I hope I shall soon find leisure for giving myself that satisfaction. I remain, dear sir, Faithfully Yours C Meyer 202 [Printed Circular ‘At y Llenorion appwyntiedig yn Llangollen i drefnu Orgraph y Gymraeg’ by Robert Prys (Gweirydd ap Rhys) and Thomas Stephens, with Welsh marginalia. A copy of this circular can be seen at NLW, MS. 964E, I, 79.] x Geirdarddiad, yn fy marn i, a ddylai gael y lywodraeth ar Seinyddiaeth, gan ofalu gyfnewidiad cydseiniaid – pob dosbarth (Gwefusolion &c) o fewn eu gylch priodol. Barnwyf fod ‘y Gormerydd’ yn gywir yn hyn. Rhesymolach yw gwneuthur i Seinyddiaeth ymostwng i wreiddyddiaeth, nag amcanu diwreiddio yr iaith er mwyn peth mor amrywiol ag yw ei seiniad yn Nghymmru. Bid gwraidd yn wraidd, na thin-ben-droser pethau. Os geir unrhywiaeth Orgraph, dysgir, gan bawb a garo hyny, unrhywaith sain. Yr wyf fi, ar y cyfan, ond gofalu am y pwnc crybwylledig, yn cydsynio ag awgrymau y papuryn manylgraff hyn; ac yn foddlon i gydffurfio ag un orgraph Gymmraeg. Ion. 24, 1859. Owen Michael Penybont, Morganwg Onid buddiol fyddai awgrymiad fel hyn, – Mai llesiol i gyflawnder y Gymmraeg fyddai gollwng i mewn iddi enwau priodol, termau Celf a Gwydd, &., dwy eu cymmreigeiddio yn lle amcanu eu cymmreigio? Oferadd yw llunio enwau Cymmreig i’r Telegraph Phonograph, Photograph, &c., ni ddeuant fyth i arferiad. Ni wn i am un gwrthglawdd i’r rhyddid yma yn y Gymmraeg, rhagor rhyw iaith arall, ond yr hen ddywediad celwyddog – ‘Mai iaith bur yw y Gymmraeg ac nid clytiaith o amryw ieithoedd.’ Cyflawnder geiriau arferedig yw un o ogoniantau iaith. Drwg genyf i drafferthion eraill beri i mi cyhyd heb ateb y papuryn hyn Owen Michael 203 Monsieur, Je vous sais un gré infini de la peine que vous avez bien voulu prendre à mon intention, et vous demande pardon de ne vous avoir point encore répondu; mais le lendemain même du jour où m’est arrivée votre lettre, je suis parti pour Oxford, et là tout mon temps a été jusqu’ici absorbé par des soins divers. Vous me faites l’honneur de me demander des lumières sur un point qui se rattache à l’une de mes publications: j’ai le chagrin de ne pouvoir vous donner la satisfaction action que vous attendez de moi, et vous ai une nouvelle obligation. Il se trouve en effet que j’ignorais complètement ce que vous voulez bien m’apprendre au sujet du roman gallois de Jesus College.
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