Copper Brass Bronze147 X Design Handbook
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Copper Alliance Manual Version 01.00 November 2011 011 Identity Guidelines Basic Elements Copper Alliance Manual Version 01.00 November 2011 011 Identity Guidelines Basic Elements 1.04.01 Copper Center logo variations 1.04.01 Copper Center logo variations Global Construction International Copper Global ConstructionAssociation 15 x Copper Alliance 7 x European 4 x 7 x International Copper 4 x 15 x Copper Institute Association 11 x 7 x Copper Alliance European2 x 4 x 7 x 3 x 7 x Copper Alliance 4 x Copper6 x Institute17 x 3 x 5 x 8 x 18 x 15 x 147 x 11 x 2 x 7 x 3 x Copper Alliance 6 x 17 x 3 x 5 x 8 x 18 x 15 x Copper Brass Bronze147 x Design Handbook Latin America ArchitecturalBrazil ApplicationsChile The Copper Center logos shall International Copper International Copper International Copper always be used in full. The logos Association Latin America Association Brazil Association Chile Latin America shall never be moved or adjusted. Copper Alliance Copper Alliance Copper Alliance Always use approved artwork when Brazil Chile The Copper Center logos shall reproducing aInternational Copper Center logo. Copper International Copper International Copper always be used in full. The logos Association Latin America Association Brazil Association Chile shall never be moved or adjusted. Copper CenterCopper logo Alliance Copper Alliance Copper Alliance Always use approved artwork when The Copper Center logo is a Mexico Peru reproducing a Copper Center logo. combination of three elements: the Cu mark, the Copper Center International Copper International Copper Association Mexico Association Peru Copper Center logo name and Copper Alliance. Copper Alliance Copper Alliance The Copper Center logo is a Mexico Peru combination of three elements: The Copper Center name should the Cu mark, the Copper Center never be separatedInternational from the mark Copper International Copper name and Copper Alliance. or altered in anyAssociation way. Mexico North AmericaAssociation Peru Copper Alliance Copper Alliance Canada The Copper Center name should Copper ExtraBold never be separated from the mark The custom font is only allowed to Copper Development Canadian Copper & Brass or altered in any way. be Northused Americawhen creating Copper Association Inc. Development Association Center logos. The font is custom Copper Alliance Copper Alliance Canada Copper ExtraBold spaced for the logos and not suitable The custom font is only allowed to for use on communicationCopper Development elements. Canadian Copper & Brass be used when creating Copper Association Inc. Development Association Center logos. The font is custom Copper Alliance Copper Alliance spaced for the logos and not suitable for use on communication elements. TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 3 Table 6. Comparison between Brown & Sharp (B&S) and COPPER AND ITS ALLOYS .........................................................................3 U.S. Standard Gauge (USSG) for Sheet Metals ............................... 31 Table 7. Color Matches with Various Fixture Forms of II. IDENTIFYING COPPER ALLOYS ......................................... 5 Compatible Copper Alloys ................................................................... 31 COPPER ALLOY FAMILIES .........................................................................6 Table 8. Characteristics of Common Fastener Alloys .......................................32 Coppers ..............................................................................................6 Brasses ...............................................................................................7 Table 9. Metallurgical Joining Processes and Their Uses .................................33 Bronzes ..............................................................................................7 Table 10. Suitability of Copper Metals for Metallurgical Joining Processes ..33 Copper Nickels ..................................................................................8 Table 11. Minimum Web Thicknesses Based on Nickel Silvers ....................................................................................8 Overall Extrusion Cross-sectional Size ...........................................34 INTERNATIONAL DESIGNATIONS ............................................................8 Table 12. Straightness Tolerances for Copper Tube, ASTM B251 ...................34 III. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND APPEARANCE .................. 9 Table 13. Permissible Corner Radii for Commercial Square Tubing, ASTM B251..........................................................................................34 ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTY OF COPPER ...............................................9 Effectiveness ....................................................................................9 Table 14. Thermal Expansion/Contraction Coefficients for Clinical Trials .................................................................................10 Selected Copper Metals....................................................................35 Considerations ...............................................................................11 Table 15. BHMA and U.S. Finishes for Brass and Bronze Hardware ...............35 GENERAL PROPERTIES AND COLOR .....................................................11 Color Matching ...............................................................................12 Table 16. Standard Designations for Mechanical Finishes ..............................36 Corrosion Resistance .....................................................................12 Table 17. Standard Designations for Chemical Finishes ................................... 37 Table 18. Standard Designations for Laminated Finishes ................................ 37 IV. FABRICATION METHODS ................................................ 15 FORMING ..................................................................................................15 VI. FINISHES ..........................................................................38 Bending ............................................................................................15 MECHANICAL FINISHES ........................................................................38 Brake Forming ...............................................................................15 As-fabricated ...............................................................................38 Roll Forming ....................................................................................16 Polished and Buffed .....................................................................39 Extrusion .........................................................................................16 Directionally Textured..................................................................39 Casting ............................................................................................16 Nondirectional Textured ..............................................................39 Forging .............................................................................................16 Patterned ...................................................................................... 40 Stamping .........................................................................................17 CHEMICAL FINISHES ............................................................................. 40 Hydroforming ..................................................................................17 Conversion Coatings ................................................................... 40 Spinning ...........................................................................................17 Patinas...............................................................................41 Laminating ......................................................................................17 Oxide or statuary bronze ...............................................42 Explosive Forming ..........................................................................17 PROTECTIVE COATINGS .........................................................................42 JOINING .....................................................................................................18 Clear Organic Coatings ...............................................................42 Seamed Joints ................................................................................18 Oils and Waxes ............................................................................. 43 Mechanical Fasteners ...................................................................18 Vitreous Enamels ......................................................................... 44 Metallurgical Joining Processes ..................................................18 Metallic ......................................................................................... 44 Heat Treatment ............................................................................ 44 V. DESIGN AND INSTALLATION GUIDELINES ....................20 LAMINATED FINISHES .......................................................................... 44 SHEET, STRIP AND PLATE .......................................................................20 STANDARD FINISH DESIGNATIONS .................................................... 44 EXTRUSIONS .............................................................................................21 TUBE .........................................................................................................21