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Toward an Integrative Science of the Brain and Crime
BioSocieties https://doi.org/10.1057/s41292-019-00167-3 COMMENTARY Mind the gap: toward an integrative science of the brain and crime Eyal Aharoni1 · Nathaniel E. Anderson2 · J. C. Barnes3 · Corey H. Allen4 · Kent A. Kiehl2 © Springer Nature Limited 2019 In the recent article, Criminalizing the brain: Neurocriminology and the production of strategic ignorance, Fallin et al. (2018) argue that most neuroscientists working with antisocial populations are guilty of suppressing, obfuscating, and erasing legiti- mate social explanations for criminal behavior as part of a strategic attempt to tout their reductionist preconceptions of behavior and to advance their own professional, extra-scientifc agendas. While we applaud their call for greater inclusion of social/ contextual factors into neurocriminological research, we fnd that they overstate the case against neurocriminology and understate important eforts by this emerg- ing community to generate signifcant and cross-disciplinary contributions to the understanding of antisocial behavior. Learning to identify and avoid such mischar- acterizations is critical for the pursuit of much-needed interdisciplinary research and collaboration on the prediction, explanation, and remediation of antisocial behavior. By critically evaluating Fallin et al.’s claims, we hope to strike a conciliatory bal- ance, which is more likely to promote integration rather than antagonism between disciplines. Fallin and colleagues correctly describe biosocial criminology as an emerging discipline that integrates historically neglected biological factors and neuroscientifc methods in the study of antisocial behavior. Indeed, this paradigm has demonstrated the value of genetics (Brunner et al. 1993), physiology (Latvala et al. 2015), bio- chemistry (Coccaro et al. 1998), and neuroimaging (Anderson and Kiehl 2012) for * Eyal Aharoni [email protected] 1 Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, P.O. -
Understanding Icd-10-Cm and Icd-10-Pcs 3Rd Edition Download Free
UNDERSTANDING ICD-10-CM AND ICD-10-PCS 3RD EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Mary Jo Bowie | 9781305446410 | | | | | International Classification of Diseases, (ICD-10-CM/PCS) Transition - Background Palmer B. Manual placenta removal. A: Understanding ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS 3rd edition International Classification of Diseases ICD is a common framework and language to report, compile, use and compare health information. Psychoanalysis Adlerian therapy Analytical therapy Mentalization-based treatment Transference focused psychotherapy. Hysteroscopy Vacuum aspiration. Every code begins with an alpha character, which is indicative of the chapter to which the code is classified. Search Compliance Understanding BC, resilience standards and how to comply Follow these nine steps to first identify relevant business continuity and resilience standards and, second, launch a successful While many coders use ICD lookup software to help them, referring to an ICD code book is invaluable to build an understanding of the classification system. Pregnancy test Leopold's maneuvers Prenatal testing. Endoscopy : Colonoscopy Anoscopy Capsule endoscopy Enteroscopy Proctoscopy Sigmoidoscopy Abdominal ultrasonography Defecography Double-contrast barium enema Endoanal ultrasound Enteroclysis Lower gastrointestinal series Small-bowel follow-through Transrectal ultrasonography Virtual colonoscopy. Psychosurgery Lobotomy Bilateral cingulotomy Multiple subpial transection Hemispherectomy Corpus callosotomy Anterior temporal lobectomy. While codes in sections are structured similarly to the Medical and Surgical section, there are a few exceptions. Send Feedback Do you have Understanding ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS 3rd edition on the new website? Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. D Radiation oncology. Stem cell transplantation Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The primary distinctions are:. Palmer Joseph C. -
Radiation Protection Guidance for Diagnostic X Rays
Disclaimer - For assistance accessing this document or additional information, please contact [email protected]. EPA 520/4-76-019 FEDERAL GUIDANCE REPORT NO. 9 RADIATION PROTECTION GUIDANCE FOR DIAGNOSTIC X RAYS ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP ON MEDICAL RADIATION FEDERAL GUIDANCE REPORT NO. 9 RADIATION PROTECTION GUIDANCE FOR DIAGNOSTIC X RAYS Interagency Working Group on Medical Radiation U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington, D.C. 20460 October 1976 PREFACE The authority of the Federal Radiation Council to provide radiation protection guidance was transferred to the Environmental Protection Agency on December 2, 1970, by Reorganization Plan No. 3. Prior to this transfer, the Federal Radiation Council developed reports which provided the basis for guidance recommended to the President for use by Federal agencies in developing standards for a wide range of radiation exposure circumstances. This report, which was prepared in cooperation with an Interagency Working Group on Medical Radiation formed on July 5, 1974, constitutes a similar objective to provide the basis for recommendations to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure due to medical uses of diagnostic x rays. The Interagency Working Group developed its recommendations with the help of two subcommittees. The Subcommittee on Prescription of Exposure to X rays examined factors to eliminate clinically unproductive examinations and the Subcommittee on Technic of Exposure Prevention examined factors to assure the use of optimal technic in performing x-ray examinations. Both subcommittees also considered the importance of appropriate and properly functioning equipment in producing radiographs of the required diagnostic quality with minimal exposure. Reports by these subcommittees were made available for public comment. -
Neurological Critical Care: the Evolution of Cerebrovascular Critical Care Cherylee W
50TH ANNIVERSARY ARTICLE Neurological Critical Care: The Evolution of Cerebrovascular Critical Care Cherylee W. J. Chang, MD, FCCM, KEY WORDS: acute ischemic stroke; cerebrovascular disease; critical FACP, FNCS1 care medicine; history; intracerebral hemorrhage; neurocritical care; Jose Javier Provencio, MD, FCCM, subarachnoid hemorrhage FNCS2 Shreyansh Shah, MD1 n 1970, when 29 physicians first met in Los Angeles, California, to found the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), there was little to offer for the acute management of a patient suffering from an acute cerebrovascular Icondition except supportive care. Stroke patients were not often found in the ICU. Poliomyelitis, and its associated neuromuscular respiratory failure, cre- ated a natural intersection of neurology with critical care; such was not the case for stroke patients. Early textbooks describe that the primary decision in the emergency department was to ascertain whether a patient could swallow. If so, the patient was discharged with the advice that nothing could be done for the stroke. If unable to swallow, a nasogastric tube was inserted and then the patient was discharged with the same advice. In the 50 intervening years, many advances in stroke care have been made. Now, acute cerebrovascular patients are not infrequent admissions to an ICU for neurologic monitoring, observa- tion, and aggressive therapy (Fig. 1). HISTORY Over 50 years ago, stroke, previously called “apoplexy” which means “struck down with violence” or “to strike suddenly,” was a clinical diagnosis that was confirmed by autopsy as a disease of the CNS of vascular origin (1). In the 1960s, approximately 25% of stroke patients died within 24 hours and nearly half died within 2 to 3 weeks. -
Study Guide Medical Terminology by Thea Liza Batan About the Author
Study Guide Medical Terminology By Thea Liza Batan About the Author Thea Liza Batan earned a Master of Science in Nursing Administration in 2007 from Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. She has worked as a staff nurse, nurse instructor, and level department head. She currently works as a simulation coordinator and a free- lance writer specializing in nursing and healthcare. All terms mentioned in this text that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Use of a term in this text shouldn’t be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Copyright © 2017 by Penn Foster, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to Copyright Permissions, Penn Foster, 925 Oak Street, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18515. Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS INSTRUCTIONS 1 READING ASSIGNMENTS 3 LESSON 1: THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY 5 LESSON 2: DIAGNOSIS, INTERVENTION, AND HUMAN BODY TERMS 28 LESSON 3: MUSCULOSKELETAL, CIRCULATORY, AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TERMS 44 LESSON 4: DIGESTIVE, URINARY, AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM TERMS 69 LESSON 5: INTEGUMENTARY, NERVOUS, AND ENDOCRINE S YSTEM TERMS 96 SELF-CHECK ANSWERS 134 © PENN FOSTER, INC. 2017 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY PAGE III Contents INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION Welcome to your course on medical terminology. You’re taking this course because you’re most likely interested in pursuing a health and science career, which entails proficiencyincommunicatingwithhealthcareprofessionalssuchasphysicians,nurses, or dentists. -
Pneumoencephalographic Planimetry in Neurological Diseaset
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.32.3.241 on 1 June 1969. Downloaded from J. Nearol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 1969, 32, 241-248 Pneumoencephalographic planimetry in neurological diseaset H. E. BOOKER, C. G. MATTHEWS, AND W. R. WHITEHURST2 From the Epilepsy Center and Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. The outline of the ventricular system on the In the present investigation planographic rather pneumoencephalogram (PEG) can be easily than linear measures of ventricular size were used. measured and lends itself to quantification. Several The subjects were not selected on the basis of a methods have been developed which utilize linear particular aetiology nor on the basis of presence or measures of the ventricles, or ratios of ventricle to absence of asymmetry of the lateral ventricles. skull size. Planographic measurements of the area of Detailed clinical and electroencephalographic data the ventricles have been employed in a few studies, were available on all subjects for purposes of but have generally been dismissed as too cumber- diagnostic classification, and, in addition, a stan- some for use (Bruijn, 1959). dardized battery of neuropsychological tests pro- While a number of previous investigators have viding quantitative measurement of intellectual and Protected by copyright. related quantitative PEG findings to clinical motor-sensory status was administered to the neurological and psychometric data, most studies majority of the subjects. PEG data on a group of have suffered from one or more limitations. Studies subjects without clinical, neurological, or electro- reporting measurements on a large number of PEGs encephalographic evidence of neurological disease have usually been limited in amount and specificity were also included for comparison purposes. -
Neuroscience, Law, and Ethics T
International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 65 (2019) 101459 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Law and Psychiatry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ijlawpsy Introduction Neuroscience, Law, and Ethics T In his influential Hardwired Behavior: What Neuroscience Reveals concerning the relevance of neurosciences to the law, especially crim- about Morality (2005), Laurence Tancredi combined neuroscience, inal law.” (Meynen, 2016, p. 3, Meynen, 2014; Morse & Roskies, 2013; psychology, philosophy, legal theory and clinical cases to insightfully Glenn & Raine, 2014; Chandler, 2018). One example is the use of examine the role of brain structure and function in moral behavior. neuroimaging to support behavioral evidence in judging whether a Analyzing how neurobiology shapes reasoning and decision-making, he person performing a criminal act met cognitive and volitional condi- discussed questions such as whether or to what extent we have free will tions necessary for criminal responsibility. Functional imaging re- and can be morally and criminally responsible for our actions. Is our cording abnormal activity in prefrontal-limbic pathways may indicate behavior hardwired and thus determined by the brain? Is free will an impaired cognitive and emotional processing and impaired capacity to illusion? Can mental content be explained entirely in terms of neural deliberate and consider the consequences of what one does or fails to content? If the brain influences but does not determine behavior, then do. This and other forms of imaging may eventually offer a more fine- how much of what we think and do is up to us? In his new book, grained account of impaired inhibitory mechanisms in the brain. -
Evolution and Executive Functions: Why Our Toolboxes Are Empty
Revista Española de Neuropsicología 4, 4:351-377 (2002) Copyright© 2002 de REN ISSN: 1139-9872 Evolution and executive functions: Why our toolboxes are empty Roy Sugarman PhD Royal Adelaide Hospital: Glenside Campus Dept of Psychiatry, Adelaide University Abstract: Despite the recent findings with regard to our origins as human primates, we still struggle to find tools that evaluate executive functioning adequately and reliably. Despite some evidence of ecological validity, our toolboxes remain largely empty. With regard to how we produce common behaviours by using individually distinct, multiple areas of focus, each brain is individual. In a sense, not many complex, human, behaviours follow a normal distribution. This work traces the probable origins of executive functioning in humans in a social context, defining in passing the nature of human self-regulation. A discussion follows which integrates these ideas within a second order, cybernetic neuroepistemology of human thought and emotion, and questions the logical paradox of assuming that isolated cortical areas such as the frontal lobes generate executive functions in a linear progression. A brief exploration follows with regard to the nature of human consciousness, and the difficulties in measuring such a homeostatic mechanism as executive function. Using alcohol related brain changes, and cross-cultural issues as exemplars, an attempt is made to define a neuroepistemology for understanding the dynamic interplay between executive function and consciousness. Key words: Brain´s Evolution, executive functioning. Evolución y funciones ejecutivas: por qué nuestras cajas de herramientas estan vacías Resumen: A pesar de los recientes hallazgos en relación a nuestros orígenes como humanos primates, aún luchamos para encontrar instrumentos que evalúen el funcionamiento ejecutivo adecuadamente y de manera fiable. -
Esotropia: Unusual Complication of Myelography and Pneumoencephalography
278 Esotropia: Unusual Complication of Myelography and Pneumoencephalography Harris Newmark 111,1 Norman Levin,2 Richard K. APV and Jack D. Wax2 Myelography and pneumoencephalography are invasive years later showed occasional diplopia on left gaze. The patient procedures with many complications. We report two cases was asymptomatic 10 years later. of esotropia that developed 8 and 7 days after a Pantopaque myelogram and a pneumoencephalogram, respectively. For Discussion tunately, the esotropia was temporary in both cases. This rare complication, of which very few radiologists are aware, These cases are interesting in that they illustrate that was presumably secondary to the lumbar puncture per esotropia can be a complication of myelography and pneu formed for the procedure. moencephalography, although it is extremely rare. It has been reported to be a complication in 0.25%-1.00% of lumbar punctures [1 , 2], but we believe it is much rarer Case Reports since none of us, or any of our colleagues, could recall a Case 1 similar episode. The probable pathogenesis is that cerebrospinal fluid A 27-year-old man had a lumbar myelogram for a suspected leaks through the dura at the puncture site. The cerebro herniated nucleus pulposus at L5-S1 which caused right-sided leg spinal fluid pressure is less in the lumbar region than in the pain . The lumbar puncture was performed with ease on the first attempt with an 18 gauge spinal needle. The cerebrospinal fluid intracranial area after this procedure. Subsequently the was clear and the laboratory test results were normal except for a brain stem shifts caudally and the cranial nerves are slightly slight elevation of protein. -
A-Scan Echoencephalography in Measurement of the Cerebral Ventricles
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.31.3.245 on 1 June 1968. Downloaded from J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat., 1968, 31, 245-249 A-scan echoencephalography in measurement of the cerebral ventricles ANAND G. GARG AND ALEX. R. TAYLOR From the Department ofNeurological Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland The first attempts at ultrasonic visualization of the METHOD cerebral ventricles were made by Dussik (1948), The ventricular measurements obtained at echoen- Ballantine, Ludwig, Bolt, and Hueter (1950), and cephalography were compared with the x-ray measure- Hueter and Bolt (1951), using the transmission ments made at pneumoencephalography. method. The possible use of the pulse-echo method ANATOMICAL CONSIDERATIONS The third and lateral (echoencephalography) for the diagnosis of hy- ventricles are supratentorial structures. The third ventricle lies between the two thalmi, communicating drocephalus was suggested by Leksell (1956). Later in front with the lateral ventricles through the inter- Kikuchi, Uchida, Tanaka, and Wagai (1957) and de ventricular foramina and behind with the aqueduct of Vlieger and Ridder (1959) recorded echoes from the the midbrain. The septum lucidum and the third ventricle walls of the lateral ventricles. According to Gordon lie in the central plane of the brain. Protected by copyright. (1959), and de Vlieger and Ridder (1959), the width The lateral ventricle is a C-shaped cavity lying within of the third ventricle can also be measured. ter the cerebral hemisphere. It consists of a central body and Braak, Crezde, Grandia, and de Vleger (1961) used three horns-anterior, posterior, and temporal-running pneumoencephalography to study the origin of into the frontal, occipital, and temporal lobes respec- ventricular echoes. -
The New BRAIN
SPECIAL EDITION The New BRAIN MACLEAN’S EBOOK Contents Introduction Join us for a giant brainstorming session on what the world’s neuroscience superstars are keeping top of mind The glia club Once dismissed as ‘glue,’ glial cells, neuron’s little brother, have become the lodestone of brain research. But is it a good idea for scientists to herd in one direction? Charlie Gillis How to build a brain A philosopher and engineer has created the most complex simulated brain in the world. On $30,000 a year. Nick Taylor-Vaisey Mad beauty A conceptual photographer dusts off the jars of a brain collection from a Texas mental hospital David Graham They grow up so fast The latest research on a baby’s remarkable brain development, from recognizing right and wrong to the gift of memory Rosemary Counter Gone baby gone Why don’t we remember anything from earliest childhood? It’s called infantile amnesia. Emma Teitel MACLEAN’S EBOOK THE NEW BRAIN Memory and gender Emma Teitel The young and the restless No one knows why autistic kids are often night owls, but their parents can take heart: science is looking at some biological causes based in the brain Katherine DeClerq Crying out for attention How one psychologist is offering hope to parents worried about the stigma, safety and side effects of ADHD medication Hannah Hoag Mind the age gap Previously dismissed as lesser or defective, new research is revealing that the teenage brain is just as powerful as any adult’s Rosemary Counter No brawn, no brains Genetics may decide your upper and lower limits for cognitive -
Proceedings of the Inaugural Meeting Ofais Sigprag Par Agerfalk Uppsala University, [email protected]
Association for Information Systems AIS Electronic Library (AISeL) All Sprouts Content Sprouts 9-1-2010 Proceedings of the Inaugural Meeting ofAIS SIGPrag Par Agerfalk Uppsala University, [email protected] Mark Aakhus Rutgers University, [email protected] Mikael Lind Viktoria Institute, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://aisel.aisnet.org/sprouts_all Recommended Citation Agerfalk, Par; Aakhus, Mark; and Lind, Mikael, " Proceedings of the Inaugural Meeting ofAIS SIGPrag" (2010). All Sprouts Content. 253. http://aisel.aisnet.org/sprouts_all/253 This material is brought to you by the Sprouts at AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). It has been accepted for inclusion in All Sprouts Content by an authorized administrator of AIS Electronic Library (AISeL). For more information, please contact [email protected]. Working Papers on Information Systems ISSN 1535-6078 Proceedings of the Inaugural Meeting of AIS SIGPrag Pär Ãgerfalk Uppsala University, Sweden Mark Aakhus Rutgers University, USA Mikael Lind Viktoria Institute, Sweden Abstract The Special Interest Group on Pragmatist IS Research (SIGPrag) was approved by the Association for Information Systems (AIS) council at its June 2008 meeting in Gallway. The motivation for this initiative is the growing recognition of the importance of theorizing the IT artifact and its organizational and societal context from a pragmatic and action-oriented perspective. SIGPragâs mission is to provide a much-needed centre of gravity and to facilitate exchange of ideas and further development of this area of IS scholarship. In summary, pragmatist IS research rests on the following set of assumptions: ⢠Human life is a life of activity.