Officers List EWC'98 Officers*
International Advisory Board American National Academy of Sciences, Na• tional Research Council, USA William J. R. Alexander, IDNDR-Scientific and Hans Kienholz, International Association of Technical Committee (STC), Sub-Committee Geomorphology (lAG), Mountain Hazards on Early Warning, Dept. of Civil Engineer• Project, University of Bern, Switzerland ing, Univ. of Pretoria, Republic of South Afri• William H. K. Lee, U.S. Geological Survey, Men• ca lo Park, USA Miriam Baltuck, Natural Hazards Research and Sir James Lighthill t, WMO/ICSU Tropical Cy• Applications Lead Scientist, Solid Earth clone Disasters, University College London, Branch, NASA, USA, currently at Yaralumla, United Kingdom Australia Isaac 0. Nyambok, University of Nairobi, Re• Cyril E. Berridge, Caribbean Meteorological Or• gional Center for the Global Seismic Hazard ganization, Port of Spain, Trinidad Assessment Program (GSHAP), Member of Michael E. Blackford, UNESCO/IOC Interna• IDNDR-STC, Kenya tional Tsunami Information Center, Hawaii, Raymundo S. Punongbayan, Philippine Institute USA of Volcanology & Seismology, Quezon City, Zhangli Chen, State Seismological Bureau of Philippines China, Beijing, China Robert I. Tilling, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Rainer Dombrowsky, National Weather Service, Park, USA Silver Springs, USA Seiya Uyeda, RIKEN International Frontier Pro• James Dooge, University College Dublin, Ire• gram, Tokai University, Earthquake Predic• land tion Research Center, ICSU IDNDR Scientific Thomas E. Downing, Environmental Change Committee on Earthquake Research, Shimi• Unit, School of Geography, Oxford, United zu, Japan Kingdom Fritjof Voss, Technical University of Berlin, Rolando Duran, Centro de Coordination para la Dept. Geography, Germany Prevencion de Desastres Naturales en Ameri• John Zillman, Dept. of Environment, Sport and ca Central ( CEPREDENAC), Panama Territories, Bureau of Meteorology, Mel• Juan Manuel Espinoza-Aranda, Centro de In• bourne, Australia strumentacion y Registro Sismica, A.C., Del. Benito Juarez, Mexico Johann Georg Goldammer, Fire Ecology Re• Programme Committee search Group, Max-Planck-Institute, Univer• sity of Freiburg, Germany Franz Wolfgang Eder, Division of Earth Sciences, Robert M. Hamilton, IDNDR-Scientific and UNESCO, Paris Technical Committee (Chair), Subcommittee Detlev Fromming, DWD German Weather Ser• on Natural Disasters Reduction, Commission vice, Germany on Geosciences, Environment and Resources, Gunter Holter, Deutscher Caritasverband, Ger• many Terry Jeggle, UN-OCHA, IDNDR Secretariat, * Affilitions valid at the time of the conference Geneva 826 EWC'98 Officers
Robert Landis, World Weather Watch Depart• Jochen Zschau (Chairman), GeoForschungsZen• ment, WMO, Geneva trum Potsdam, Germany Erich Plate, German National Committee for the IDNDR Christoph Reigber, GeoForschungsZentrum Pots• Local Organising Committee dam, Germany Alexander von Rom, Foreign Office of the Fed• Jochen Zschau (Chairman), GeoForschungsZen• eral Republic of Germany trum Potsdam, Germany Hermann Schmitz-Wenzel, German National Erich Plate, German National Committee for Committee for the IDNDR and IDNDR Sci• the IDNDR, Germany entific and Technical Committee Christian Eikenberg, German National Commit• Wolfgang Steinborn, Deutsches Zentrum fiir tee for the IDNDR, Germany Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany Peter Bormann, GeoForschungsZentrum Pots• Gerd Tetzlaff, Meteorological Institute, Univer• dam, Germany sity of Leipzig, Germany Andreas Kiippers, GeoForschungsZentrum Pots• Herman Th. Verstappen, ICSU-SC/IDNDR, IGU, dam, Germany International Institute for Aerospace Survey Kingsley S. Peiris, GeoForschungsZentrum Pots• & Earth Sciences, The Netherlands dam, Germany Author Index
Abiodun, Adigun Ade 791 Col, Jeanne-Marie 479 Helloco, Fran~ois 277 Aguilar, A. 441 Craig, Andrew R. 271 Herland, Einar-Arne 649 Ahrens, Wilfried 305, 579 Higareda, R. 441 Akhand, Monowar Hossain 49 de Hoedt, Graham 375 Hoang, Minh Hien 781 Alcantar, F. 441 Delica, Zenaida G. 37 Hoti, Mahir 103 Alexander, William J. R. 311 Doi, Keiji 447, 537 Hsiao, Nai-Chi 461 Alusa, Alexander L. 27 Downing, Thomas E. 319 Hudnut, Ken 709 Ambar, Brahim 619 Dybkowska-Stefek, Dorota 283 Ammann, Walter 569 Ibarrola, G. 441 Anderson, David 379 Elsberry, Russell L. 167 Inostroza, M. 441 Anderson, Peter S. 85 Elvidge, Christopher 641 Ionescu, Constantin 471 Arakelyan, Fridrikh 715 Erdik, Mustafa 433 Isikara, Mete 433 Arino, 0. 745 Ergiinay, Oktay 433 Arzoumanian, Valery G. 487 Erzinger, Joerg 511 Jahn, Herbert 633 Asmus, V. 241 Espinosa-Aranda, Juan Manuel Jeggle, Terry 13 Axhemi, Sokol 103 409, 441 Jimenez, A. 441 Ayadi, Abdelhakim 495 Juang, H. 609 Fair, Kerry A. 271 Balassanian, S. Yu 487 Fiedrich, Frank 471 Kalsi, Sewa Ram 191, 199 Baumgartner, Michael F. 247 Flotron, Andre 565 Kanamitsu, M. 609 Baur, Michael 471 Fujita, Haruhiro 641 Karasyov, Mark S. 253 Beard, Grant 375 Fujioka, F. 609 Kelha, Vaino 649 Behr, Jeff 709 Funk, Martin 565 Kelly, Charles 345 Benesch, W. 763 Kerkmann, J. 763 Berridge, Cyril E. 797 Gartsman, Boris I. 253 Keusen, Hansruedi 565 Berz, Gerhard 95 Goldammer, Johann G. 585, Kienholz, Hans 555 Blackford, Michael E. 535 593 Kithil, Richard 615 Brabec, Bernhard 569 Golomolzin, Victor V. 741 Kleindienst, Hannes 247 Briess, K. 633 Gorelkin, Nicolay E. 579 Kondo, Hiroki 369 Buchholz, Georg 585, 593 Grassl, Hartmut 367 Koop, Neville Louis 185 Buongiorno, Alessandra 745 Griesser, Lothar 719 Kotelnikov, Victor 791 Bussay, Attila 351 Gritzner, Christian 625 Krabel, Eckhardt 601 Gross, Edward M. 67 Kravtsov, Yurii A. 741 Carby, Barbara E. 811 Gunther, Thilo 259 Krejsa, Peter 657 <;:elebi, Mehmet 709 Gupta, Manu 199 Kron, Wolfgang 95 Chen, Shyn-Chin 609 Gutierrez, Dante R. 543 Kudashev, Efim B. 741 Chen, Chen-Chun 461 Gutknecht, Dieter 265 Kuendig, C. 719 Cheze, Jean-Luc 277 Kuo, Kai-Wen 461 Chu, Jean J. 479 Hakobyan, Hrahat 715 Chub, V. E. 579 Hamilton, Robert M. 405 Landis, Robert C. 71 Chung, Jen-Kung 461 Heikinheimo, Martti 645 Lee, Willy H. K. 409 828 Author Index
Lee Man Yan, M. 209 Pollonais, Steve R. 801 Tondre, Fran~oise 465 Lehning, Michael 569 Prasad, Vikash 185 Trehin, Y. 763 Li, Ji-Xun 15 Prescott, Will 709 Trinh, Phan Trong 753 Lighthill, Sir James t 203 Prokaheva, V. 241 Tsai, Yi-Ben 461 Lin, Rong Hui 481 Purbawinata, M.A. 527 Twigg, John 19 Lohi, Anssi 649 Lomnitz, Cinna 425 Rashid, Abdur 337 Usachev, Vladimir 241 Lorenz, E. 633 Renner, Udo 601 Liihr, Birger-Gottfried 527 Resch, Florian 585 Vaghjee, Ranjitrai R. 209 Ritchie, Jack 609 Venalainen, Ari 645 Makhutov, Nikolai 107 Roads, John 609 Veneziano, Daniele 727 Maldonado, S. 441 Rosenthal, Wolfgang 283 Vidal, Jean-Jacques 277 Malitz, Gabriele 259 Russi, Tom 569 Voigt, Stefan 247 Martell, David L. 593 Ruwwe, Thomas 769 Volkov, A. 241 Martirossyan, Artak H. 487 Voss, Frithjof 601 McKenzie, Ronnie S. 271 Saenz Segreda, Lorena 119 Meister, Roland 569 Saita, Jun 453 Wang, Ang-Sheng 399 Mildner, Stefan 127 Salas Calvo, Jose Manuel 113 Wang, Zhen-Yao 15 Munzer, Ulrich 515 Saltbones, J0rgen 393 Washington, Richard 319 Schmidt, Hans Secher 817 Weber-Diefenbach, Klaus 515 Nakamura, Yutaka 453, 693 Sch6ttler, Horst 89 Wegmann, Matthias 565 Narasimhan, Bhu Var Ahan Scott, John C. 81 Wenzel, Friedemann 471 357 Seibold, Eugen 3 Westerhaus, Malte 527 Neumeister, Helmut 763 Sharakhmanyan, Michail A. Wieland, M. 719 Niedek, Inge 73 741 Wilson, Steve 709 Nielsen, Ole 393 Sharma, Anshu 77 Wood, Helen M. 73 7 Niesche, Hartmut 289 Shimizu, Yoshihisa 701 Wu, Yih-Min 461 Shin, Tzay-Chyn 461 Oertel, Dieter 633 Smolka, Anselm 95 Yal~in, M.N. 433 Omulo, Monica 33 Stefansson, Ragnar 521 Yamazaki, Fumio 675 Oncescu, Mihnea C. 471 Stein, Ross 709 Steinborn, Wolfgang 769 Zatsarinnyi, Vladimir 107 Papadimitriou, Achilleas G. Stockdale, Tim 379 Zehner, C. 745 727 Sukhyar, R. 527 Zheng, Yuan-Chang 15 Papadopoulos, Gerassimos A. Zhukov, B. 633 549 Takahashi, Kunihiro 701 Zillman, John W. 135 Patabendi, Prabhath 807 Tilling, Robert I. 505 Zimmer, Martin 511 Plummer, Neil 375 Todini, Ezio 215 Zschau, Jochen 433, 527 Subject Index
A appropriate response 98 ( abnormal temperatures 98 Aral Sea 305 ff. California 100 above-water catastrophe 107 Armenia 487ff., 715ff. capacity and vulnerability analy- accelerograph network 461 ff. ashfall 100 sis 44 acceptance 305 ff. Asia Pacific Advanced Net- capacity building 144 accessibility 817 ff. work 641 ff. carbon monoxide 158 accidents with dangerous assessment of danger 110 casualties 60 goods 91 assessment of risk 110 cave collapse 18 accuracy 28, 96 asteroid impact 625 ff. CBO see Community Based Organi- acid rain 137 atmosphere-hydrosphere disas- zations ACTION-AID 34 ters 399 ff. CD see civil defence 93 ADA see Americans with Disability atmospheric phenomena 16, chaotic process 5 Act 138 chaotic response 22 advanced Earth observation capabil- atmospheric prediction chaotic slope 105 ities 769 ff. model 141 chemical catastrophe 107 Aegean Sea 549 ff. atmospheric profiler 157 chemical injury 107 aeronautic catastrophe 107 atomic power 108 chemical pollution 107 Aerosonde 149 Australia 375 ff. Chile 543 ff. aerospace system 108 Australian Drought Watch Ser- China 15 ff., 399 ff. affordability 817 ff. vice 159 city gas network 701 ff. afforestation 105 automated system 112 civil defence 92 Africa 319 ff. automated traffic systems 98 clean-air room 98 aftershock information 450 automatic earthquake informa- climate change 162 age 113 tion 461 ff. Climate Information and Prediction aging population 81 automatic management 453 Services 160 agricultural practices 114 automatic nation-wide warning sys- climate service 139 agrometeorological service 139 tem 92 climatic hazard 137 agrometeorology 351 ff. Automatic Weather Station 149 CLIPS see Climate Information and air pollution 157 avalanche 4, 103, 569 ff. Prediction Services air quality hazard 137 aviation weather service 139 cold snap 137 air quality monitoring 157 awareness 35, 49, 98, 99 cold wave 13 7 air routes 158 AWS see Automatic Weather Sta• communication broken down 53 airborne particle 158 tion community based approach 152 alarm clock 91 Community Based Organiza- alarm plan 100 B tions 35 alarmism 121 Bangladesh 49 ff. community education 144 Albania 103 ff. Bangladesh cyclone 21 community feedback 147 alert system 119 Bay of Bengal 7 community involvement 162 algal outbreak 137 behaviour 19 community mobilisation 37 Algeria 495 ff. Benedict XIV 4 community needs 61 Algier 495 Benfield Greig Hazard Research community organization 114 American Meteorological Centre 24 community response 20 Society 77 benzene 158 community response 147 Americans with Disability Act 82 bible 3 community understanding 163 AMS see American Meteorological blind 81 Comte, Auguste 6 Society blizzard 136 concept of partnership 163 Andrew (hurricane) 97 blowing snow 137 concept of vulnerability 121 anemometer 54 Brandenburg 289 ff. conflagration 157 animal quarantine 18 brown haze 137 confuse 71 anticyclone 140 Bucharest 100, 471 ff. consumer choice 25 antiseismic building 105 building code 98 contusion 103 APAN see Asia Pacific Advanced bullet train 453 convention of the World Meteoro• Network bush fire 136 logical Organization 139 830 Subject Index
Cooper, J.D., MD 454 dissemination 449 European Warning cosmic technology 105 dissemination, effective 209 ff. System 465 ff. cost 30 donor funds 33 evacuation 18, 44f., 81 cost, minimizing of 98 Doppler radar 155 event warning 99 Costa Rica 113 ff., 119 ff. downfall 107 explosion 107 counter disaster planning 44 drifting buoys 157 extreme runoff 265 ff. coupled ocean-atmosphere mod- drought 15, 40, 51, 97, 137, 319 ff., el 369 ff. 351 ff. F credibility 73 drought management 357 ff. false alarm 21, 49, 454 critical facilities 95, 100 Drought Mitigation Centre 86 famine 319ff., 345ff. critical information 67 duststorm 13 7 fast ice 137 crop disease 15, 18, 137 fatalism 96 cross-cultural communication E fatalistic attitude 60 23 Earth monitoring 641 ff. fatality 96 cultural factor 121 earthquake 3, 5, 6, 97, 99, 405 ff., fate 50 cultural obstacles 305 ff. 409 ff., 425 ff., faulty prediction 6 cultural pattern 113 earthquake disaster 425, 453 ff. Federal Emergency Management culture of purdah 21 earthquake of Lisbon 4 Agency 86 currents 137 earthquake prediction 18, 100 FEMA see Federal Emergency Man- cyclone 6, 49, 51, 52 earthquake related technological agement Agency (U.S.A.) cyclone Hugo see hurricane Hugo risk 675 ff. financial risk 98 cyclone intensity changes 203 ff. earthquake vulnerability estima• fine particle matter 158 cyclone preparedness 50 tion 693ff. Finland 649 ff., 645 ff. cyclone shelter 50, 56 earthquake, frequency of 7 fire 91 cyclone track 52 ECMWF see European Centre for fire hazard 585 ff. cyclone warning 49 Medium-Range Weather Fore• fire weather 136, 609 ff. cyclonic storm 807 ff. casts fishkill 40 economic attraction 77 flash flood 40, 137, 277ff. D economic condition 114 flood 3f, 40, 49, 51, 77, 95, 97, 99, dam 17, 105 economic costs 142 311 ff. damage 15 economic loss 96 flood control system 98 damage estimation economic regulations 112 flood disaster management 769 ff. system 701 ff. ecosystem 31 flood disaster monitoring 781 ff. dangerous lake 579 ff. education 35 flood forecasting 215 ff. data collection 14 7 educational material 145 flood plain risk concept 253 ff. deaf 81 educational programme 144 flood planning 215, 226ff. debris flow 8 EIA see Environmental Impact As• flood protection 259 ff. decreased mobility 81 sessment flood warning 247 ff. deforestation 114 El Nifio 3, 28, 33, 77, 367f., 369ff., flood warning technology 811 ff. degradation of land 103 375ff., 379ff. flow prediction model 271 ff. degraded vegetation 105 El Nifio Southern Oscillation 29 fluvial erosion 103 Delhi 77 electronic networks 85 fog 137 desert locust 619 ff. elevator 100 food 4, 87 desertification 15 emergency action 99 food security 319ff. deterministic attitude 60 emergency equipment 99 foot and mouth disease vec- devastating cyclone 53 emergency generator 100 tors 158 developed country 18, 98 emergency management 67 forest fire 15, 18, 104, 136 developing country 98, 791 ff. emergency planning 67 forest fire automatic alert 649 ff. development aggression 40 emergency warning 16 forest fire detection 649 ff. deviated object 105 energy supply 95 forest fire index calculation sys- DIS see Disaster Impact Assess- ENSO see El Nino Southern Oscilla- tem 649ff. ment tion formulation 150 disability 81 environmental context 27 France 277 ff. disability, mental 81 environmental hazard 585 ff. freezing drizzle 137 disability, physical 81 Environmental Impact Assess- freezing rain 137 disaster awareness 57 ment 60 frost 137 disaster forecast 16 environmental service 139 fuel reduction burns 158 Disaster Impact Assessment 60 environmental significance 31 fundamental science 3 disaster insurance 96 epicentral azimuth 456 future technology 817ff. disaster management 4, 44, 49, 57, epicentral distance 453 769 ff. epidemic 40, 51 G disaster monitoring erosion 4, 103, 137 gale 137 network 17 ERS-2 745 ff. Garonne 277ff. disaster need capacity assess- eruption 37 GDIN see Global Disaster Informa• ment 44 eruption warning 505 ff. tion Network disaster preparedness 56 Eurasian plate 447 GDPS see Global Data Processing disaster response 44 Europe 379ff. System disaster situation 119 European Centre for Medium-Range gender 113 disaster warning 16 Weather Forecasts 379ff. geochemical monitoring 511 ff. Subject Index 831
GeoForschungsZentrum Pots• hazard perception 9 initiative 98 dam 433, 466, 511, 527 hazard prediction 147 injury 96 Geographic Information Sys- hazard preparedness 99 insect pest 15 tem 60, 155, 753 ff. hazard risk perception 20 institutional development 337 ff. Geography 345 ff. hazard taxonomy 139 insurable 100 geological disaster 99 hazardous weather conditions 137 insurance 3, 99 geological disaster monitoring sta- heat wave 137 insurance company 98 tion 18 heavy rain 16 insurance industry 95, 98 geological hazard 405 ff., 753 ff. high risk area 46 insurance sector 95 Geological survey 8 high temperature event 633 ff. insurance, commercial 100 Geomorphologic risk 103 high-risk volcano 511, 527 insured loss 95f. Georges (hurricane) 98 high-tech facilities 100 integrated space strategy 737 ff. Geotectonic position 103 high-vulnerability items 98 integrated warning component 91 German Television 73 historical memory 122 integrative alert, warning and infor- Germany 73f., 89 ff., 259 ff., 283 f. Hokuriku Shinkansen 458 mation system 92 GFMC see Global Fire Monitoring hot spot 157 intelligent alarm system 453 Center household 319 ff. Intergovernmental Oceanographic GFZ see GeoForschungsZentrum Hugo see hurricane Hugo Commission 141 Potsdam human behaviour 10 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate GIS see Geographic Information human caused forest fire 593 ff. Change 162 System 60 human diseases 87 International Association of Broad• GIS see Geographic Information human factor 19 cast Meteorology 68, 73 f., 77 System human-made disasters see man- International Civil Aviation Organi• GISELE 277 ff. made disasters 40 zation International Civil Avia• glacial explosion 104 humidity 98 tion 141 glacial lake outburst 2lf. Hungary 351 ff. International Decade for Natural glacial overflow 103 hurricane 100, 137 Disaster Reduction 13 Global Data Processing System 130 hurricane Andrew 97 International Maritime Organiza• Global Disaster Information Net- hurricane Caesar 114 tion 141 work 14 Hurricane Center 86 International Red Cross 34 Global Fire Monitoring Center 585 hurricane Georges 98 International Seismological Cen- global information system 337ff. hurricane Hugo 95, 100 ter 448 Global Observing System 129 hurricane Joan 120 international warning centre 162 Global Positioning System 156 hydro-meteorological risk con- Internet 85 Global Telecommunication Sys- cept 253ff. Internet examples 86 tem 130 hydro-meteorological tools 259 interruption of business 100 global warming 3 hydro-metric station 17 interruption of production 100 god 3 hydrologic experimental station 17 interruption of public life 100 goods in harbors 100 hydrologic station 17 IOC see Intergovernmental Oceano- GOS see Global Observing System hydrological hazard 135 graphic Commission government, role of 71 hydrological service 139 IPCC see Intergovernmental Panel GPS see Global Positioning System hydro meteorological hazard 127 ff. on Climate Change GPS measurement 495 ff. hypocentral depth 453 issue of warnings 7 4 GPS monitoring 709 ff. Istanbul 100, 433 ff. grass fire 136 Italy 215ff. grass roots 24 IABM see International Association grasshoppers 137 of Broadcast Meteorology grassland fire 15 ICAO 141 Jamaica 8ll ff. Great Hanshin Earthquake 97, ice, breaking off 565 ff. Japan 369ff., 447ff., 641, 727ff. 675 ff. iceberg 137 Japan Meteorological Greece 549 ff. Iceland 515ff., 52lff. Agency 447 ff. greenhouse 162 identifying populations 81 Japan Railways (JR) 100, 454ff. ground motion 455 ideological factor 121 JMA see Japan Meteorological growth, economic 5 IDNDR see International Decade for Agency growth, population 3 Natural Disaster Reduction Joetsu Shinkansen 458 GTS see Global Telecommunication imaging 9 just-in-time production 98 System IMO see International Maritime Or- Guadeloupe 6 ganization K Gujarat cyclone 199 ff. inadequate use of soils 115 key elements 31 incredulity 123 Kipling, Rudyard 8 H India 191 ff., 199ff., 357ff. Kobe earthquake see Great Hanshin Haicheng 6 indigenous knowledge 23 Earthquake hail 137 Indonesia 511 ff., 527 ff. hailstone 5, 16 infestation 40 L Hamburg storm surge 100 information database 112 La Nifia 28 Hamilton, Sir William 4 information dissemination 147 labour repression 40 hard of hearing 81 information highway 69 lahar 43 hazard detection 147 information issuance proce- lake ice 137 hazard map 6, 43 ff. dure 449 lake monitoring 579 ff. 832 Subject Index
land erosion 51 meteorological hazard 125 0 land management 157 meteorological model 24 7 ff. Oder flood (see also Odra Riv• land reclamation 104 meteorological observation 16 er) 93, 289ff., 769ff. land-use planning 99 Mexico City 100, 441 ff. Odra River (see also Oder landslide 4, 15, 40, 97, 99, 137 mice 137 flood) 95, 283 ff. landslide generation 8 microsatellite 601 ff. official source of warning informa• landslide monitoring 18 migration 4 tion 163 lava stream 100 militarisation 40 Open Partial Agreement (EUR- lead time 95, 100, 144 military threat 91 OPA) 465ff. learning disability 83 mine exploration 104 Orange River 271 ff. legal regulations 112 mining 40 organization of knowledge l19 legislative basis 112 Mireille (typhoon) 98 overvoltage 98 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 4 Mississippi Flood 97 overwarning 154 levee 98 mistake of homologizing 115 OXFAM see Oxford Committee for level of protection 99 mitigation of damage 160 Famine Relief level of sophistication 163 mobility, increase of 95 OXFAM International 34 life insurance 100 modelling strategy 265 ff. Oxford Committee for Famine Re• lifeline system 98, 100 molasse 103 lief 34 lightning 137 monitoring network 16 ozone 158 lightning detection network 157 monitoring system 120 lightning hazard 615 ff. monsoon 22, 51 p local administration 60 montainous area 104 P-wave 453, 462 f. logistic model 593 ff. Montserrat 100 Pacific plate 447 long-term forecast 16 mortality rate 21 pack ice 137 long-term loss reduction 100 mountain hazard 555 ff. participative research 124 long-term strategy 163 mud-rock flow 15 Pasadena UrEDAS 459 longitudinal fault 104 mudflow 4 f., 100 peak danger period 60 loss 95, 114 myth 120 People's Organisation 37 loss of cattle 51 perception 113 loss of crop 51 N perception of risk 121 loss of life 51, 56, 96, 163 National Disaster Organisation pest 18 loss of property 51, 56, 96, 163 (Australia) 40, 47 pest invasion 137 loss prevention 95 national hydrological service 138 pest plague 601 ff. loss reduction 99, 98 National Meteorological and Hydro• Philippine Sea plate 447 loss reduction capabilitiy 100 logical Services 68 Philippines 37ff. loss reduction triangle 97 national meteorological ser- photochemical smog 158 loss regulation 101 vice 138 physical vulnerability 116 loss, economic 96 natural risk 103 PI value 455 f. loss, increase in 96 natural-technogenic sphere llO Pinatubo, Mt. 37f. loss, insured 96, 100 nature-triggered disaster 40 plant erosion correlation 105 loss, material 99 NDO see National Disaster Organi• plant quarantine 18 low cloud 13 7 sation plate boundary 5 f. low flow conditions 137 neutrality 74 plate motion survey 495 ff. low pass filter 454 NGO see Non Governmental Organi• plate tectonics 6 low vision 81 sation PO see People's Organisation NHS see national hydrological ser- poisonous gas release 137 M vice Poland 283 ff. magical thinking 120 nice chat 73 political obstacles 305 ff. magnitude 453 nitrogen oxides 158 pollution 98 Manibaug-Libutad (Philip- NMHS see National Meteorological population density 50 pines) 42f. and Hydrological Services population increase 95 map 112 NMS see National Meteorological population pressure 77 mapping 7 Service post -disaster activities 142 marine hazard 137 NOAA see US National Oceanic and post-disaster assessment 147 marine weather service 139 Atmospheric Administration post-disaster support 147, 153 mass media 122 Noah 3 poverty 21 mass movement 5 f. Non Governmental Organisa- power outage 100 material loss 99 tion 22, 25, 33 pucipitation data 216ff. mathematical theory 108 normative-legal basis 112 precipitation observation sta- Mauritius 209 ff. North Sea 95 tion 16 Medecins Sans Frontieres 34 Northridge Earthquake 97 precipitation station 17 media 73 Norway 393 ff. precursor 6, 18 media campaign 146 Nowcast 452 predictability 143, 218ff. medium-term prediction 16 noxious weeds 18 prediction 3, 5 f., 9, 99, 425 megacity 741 ff. nuclear catastrophe 107 prediction accuracy 16 megaphone 55 nuclear plant 4 predominant frequency estima- Mekong delta 781 ff. nuclear power plant 715ff., tion 455f. mental impairment 82 719ff. pregnancy 82 Merapi volcano 511 ff., 527 ff. numerical weather prediction 67 preparedness 30, 46, 52, 98 f. Subject Index 833 preparedness action 81, 144 river erosion 51 smoke haze 137 preparedness education 72 river flood 4, 7, 9 smoke plume 157 prevention 98, 425 river ice 137 snow 137 probabilistic theory of risks 108 river port 54 snowmelt forecasting 247 ff. prognosis system 105 road ice 137 snowsquall 137 property insurance 100 rock fall 5 snowstorm 137 protection measure 99 rock masses, breaking off 565 ff. social class 113 protection structure 98 rodent 18 social context 20 protective virgin 120 Romania 471 ff. social costs 142 pseudovolcano 104 routine monitoring 147 social factor 121 psychological effect 101 Rush ATSR Fire Product 745 ff. social science 116 psychological intervention 118 Russia 107 ff., 253 ff., 719 ff., social vulnerability 116 psychological work 113, 121 741 ff. social vulnerability 113 psychosocial factors 114 rye grass pollen 158 soil erosion 158 public address system 56 solifluction 103 public awareness 144 s SOS Sahel 25 public communication 67, 71, 73 S-wave 455 ff. South Africa 271 ff. public education 3, 163 SAF Concept 763 ff. Southwest Pacific 185 ff. purdah 21 sandstorm 137 Soviet design nuclear power pyroclastic flow 7, 100 satellite data products 763 ff. plant 719ff. satellite monitoring 241 ff. space catastrophe 107 R satellite technique 737ff., 741ff. space-borne 633 ff. Rabaul 100 scarcity of water 51 special assistance 81 radar 155 school prevention pro- special needs 81 radar wind observation station 16 gramme 441 ff. special population 68 radio 91 science/policy interface 31 Spitak earthquake 487 radio station 43 scientific limitations 28 squall 137 radio-meteorological station 16 sea ice 15, 137 squally weather 53 Radio/Warning information sys- sea level change 17 squally winds 54 tem 91 sea port 53 Sri Lanka 807 ff. radioactive cloud 158 seasonal prediction 37 5 ff. standardisation 452 radioactive fallout 137 seismic alert system 441 ff. standing order 61 radioactive injury 107 seismic hazard 521 storm forecast model 99 radioactive pollution 107 seismic intensity 448 ff., 452 storm spotter 149 railway 51 Seismic Intensity Meter 449 storm surge 49, 51, 95, 97, 99 rainfall prediction 319 ff. seismic macro zoning 100 storm warning signal 53 rapid damage assessment 657 ff. seismic microzoning 100 storm wave 51 reaction to warning 9 seismic wave 9 strategic intervention 30 real-time 95, 215 ff. seismicity 104 strengthening devices 99 real-time monitoring 8 seismometer 450 f., 454 ff. stroke 82 recommended action 150 self-evacuation 448 strong wind 16 recovery 142 sensationalism 122 structural failure 101 Red Crescent 60, 465 severe flood 311 ff. structural measure 99 Red Cross 60, 465 severe storm 154 structural risk 10 1 red tide 40 severe weather 53 structure monitoring 709 ff. refugees, movement of 95 shaking 98 subglacial eruption 515ff. reinsurance 98 shale 103 submarine catastrophe 107 reliability 60 Shinkansen 454ff., 727ff. sulphur dioxide 158 relief service 99 short term actions 31 suppression operations 157 religious values 60 short term prediction 8 sustainable development 71, 163 remote sensing 753 ff. short term warning 7 swell 137 reservoir 17, 98 short term prediction 16 Switzerland 247 ff., 555 ff., 565 ff., respiratory disorder 82 shutting down 100 569ff. response 311 ff. Siberia 593 response factors 80lff. SIGNAL 701 ff. T response strategy 113 simulation model I 00 Taipei 100 response time 144 single official issuing author- Taiwan 461 ff. responsibility 77 ity 152 TCP see Tropical Cyclone Pro- retention basin 98 siren 55, 91 gramme risk assessment 143 siren warning system 91 technical disaster 91 risk concept 253 ff. sleet 137 technical requirements 817 risk guideline 454 slide 103 technogenic accident, classifica- risk information message 146 slope instability 5 tion 107 risk management strategy 122 slope process 103 technogenic catastrophe 107 risk map 3, 7 slope stability 5 technogenic emergency situa- risk perception 19 f. small catchment 265 ff. tion 107 risk scenario 38 small island state 791 ff. technogenic sphere 110 risk situation 114 small island state 807 ff. technological hazard 657ff. risk-response measure 109 smog 137 technological risk 675 ff. 834 Subject Index
technology transfer 811 ff. UNESCO see United Nations Educa• warning network 91 technology, appropriate 337 ff. tional, Scientific and Cultural Or• warning service 91 Teito Rapid 458 ganisation warning signal 43 temporary impairment 82 United Nations Development Pro• warning system strategy 136 theory of control and gramme 78 waterlogging 15 forecast 108 United Nations Educational, Scien• waterspout 137 Third World 19 tific and Cultural Organisa- wave 52, 137 thunderstorm 5, 137 tion 13 f., 465 WCNDR see World Conference on tidal wave 51 f., 96, 447 ff. United Nations Environmental Pro• Natural Disaster Reduction tide observation 17 gramme 34 weather forecast 16 Tobago 80 Iff. United Nations General Assem- weather forecasting system 49 Tohoku Shinkansen 454 ff., 727 ff. bly 13 Weather Information Tokai earthquake 450 United States of America 167 ff. network 86 Tokaido Shinkansen 454 ff. urban air pollution 137 weather radar 9 tornado 16, 40, 51, 137 UrEDAS 453 ff. weather station 16 total observing network 147 US Geological Survey 505 ff. weather-watch radar 155 tourists 81 US National Oceanic and Atmo- WeatherNet 86 toxic organic compound 158 spheric Administration 77, 82 wet surface 105 track forecast 167 ff., 203 ff. usable science 31 wheelchair 82 train 100 UV-B radiation exposure 137 whiteout 137 training 43f., 46, 217, 453 Uzbekistan 579 ff. WHO see World Health Organiza- transients 81 tion transversal fault 104 v wildfire management 585 ff. traumatic injury 82 velocity 8 wildfire smoke 158 Trinidad 801 ff. Vietnam 753 ff., 781 ff. wildland fire 86 tropical cyclon 4, 7, 16, 40, 137, Virgin of Los Angeles 120 wind direction 54 167ff., 209ff., 80lff., 807ff. vision loss 81 wind gust 13 7 Tropical Cyclone Programme 132 visual impairment 81 wind speed 54 tropical domain prediction mod- volcanic activity 6, 40 winter storm 97, 136 el 154 volcanic ash 137, 158 WMO see World Meteorological Or• tropical storm 3, 9, 167ff. volcanic eruption 3, 6, 9, 97, 99 f., ganization Tropical Storm Watch 86 521 ff. wording 150 truth 122 volcano 86 World Conference on Natural Disas• tsunami 4, 9, 86, 97, 137, 447ff., volcano monitoring 505 ff. ter Reduction 86 453 ff., 535 ff., 543 ff., 549 ff. volunteer 45, 52, 55, 149 World Health Organization 465 f. tsunami disaster 453 ff. vulnerability 5 World Meteorological Organiza• tsunami forecast 448 vulnerability analysis 143 tion 13, 33, 77, 16, 33, 125 ff. turbulence 137 vulnerability assessment 27, 29 World Weather Watch Sys• Turkey 433 ff. vulnerability estimation 693 ff. tem 125 ff. typhoon 17, 23, 137 vulnerability of cities 162 WWW system see World Weather typhoon Mireille 98 vulnerability of persons 113 Watch System vulnerable community 20, 811 ff. u vulnerable population 30 y UN General Assembly see United Yamuna River 77 Nations General Assembly w Yangtse summerflood 7 underwarning 150 walkie-talkie 17 Yerevan 487 UNDP see United Nations Develop• WAR! see Radio/Warning informa• ment Programme tion system(Germany) z UNEP see United Nations Environ• warning formulation 147 ZDF see German Television mental Programme warning message 63