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BANGLADESH MIGRATION GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK International Organization for Migration (IOM) House # 13A, Road # 136, Gulshan-1 Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Tel.: +88 02 5504 4811 to 13 Fax: +88 02 5504 4818, +88 02 5504 4819 Email: [email protected] Website: http://bangladesh.iom.int /IOMBangladesh Bangladesh Migration Governance Framework The opinions expressed in the report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the report do not imply expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IOM concerning legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning its frontiers or boundaries. IOM is committed to the principle that humane and orderly migration benefits migrants and society. As an intergovernmental organization, IOM acts with its partners in the international community to: assist in the meeting of operational challenges of migration; advance understanding of migration issues; encourage social and economic development through migration; and uphold the human dignity and well-being of migrants. This publication has been financed by the European Union. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Union. The development of the Bangladesh Migration Governance Framework was supported by IOM. Publisher: International Organization for Migration House # 13A, Road # 136, Gulshan-1 Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Tel.: +88 02 5504 4811 to 13 Fax: +88 02 5504 4818, +88 02 5504 4819 Email: [email protected] Website: http://bangladesh.iom.int Researchers: Prof Abul Barkat, PhD, Honorary Chief Adviser, Human Development Research Centre (HDRC) Professor, University of Dhaka Asmar Osman SK Ali Ahmed HDRC © 2020 International Organization for Migration (IOM) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher. PUB2019/012/E BANGLADESH MIGRATION GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK International Organization for Migration (IOM) House # 13A, Road # 136, Gulshan-1 Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh Tel.: +88 02 5504 4811 to 13 Fax: +88 02 5504 4818, +88 02 5504 4819 Email: [email protected] Website: http://bangladesh.iom.int /IOMBangladesh ABOUT THE REPORT Migration is a multidimensional phenomenon. Migration, be it international or internal, is linked with development. Bangladesh’s Seventh Five-Year Plan (FY2016–FY2020) recognizes migration as an integral component of the development process of the country. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which sets the development priorities to be achieved by 2030 – delineated through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – contains targets dedicated to migration. A well-governed migration mechanism is necessary to gain positive outcomes. The whole process needs to be managed through a holistic migration governance framework, which should cover all the current and future prospects of the realities related to migration. The framework should guide the policy direction of the Government of Bangladesh and facilitate the implementation of results-based planning and reporting on the efforts and progress made towards migration governance in the country. However, given the absence of such framework in Bangladesh, an attempt has been taken to develop a comprehensive framework on migration governance through this document. The framework intends to work as a pivotal document to guide the activities of agencies that have a mandate on migration. In addition, it is designed to allow development partners to provide more coordinated support for better impacts. The aim of this framework is to set out a coherent, comprehensive and balanced vision for migration governance for Bangladesh, integrating development with due regard for social, economic and environmental dimensions and respecting human rights. The overall goal of the framework is to establish a mechanism to ensure safe migration. ii GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH ciivóª mwPe (wmwbqi mwPe) DHAKA Foreign Secretary (Senior Secretary) MESSAGE FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS People are on the move today more than at any other time in recorded history: 1 billion people on the move comprise a seventh of humanity. A variety of elements contribute to the movement of people. The forces driving migration are numerous – economic reasons, climate change, natural and human-induced catastrophes, conflict, the demographic trends of an ageing industrialized population, an expanding jobless youth population in the developing countries, and widening social and economic disparities. Although the migration is increasingly recognized at the international level, the architecture for governing migration was indeed absent till very recently. The Migration Governance Framework (MiGOF) was the internationally agreed document outlining how migration is best governed in a coherent and comprehensive way. IOM Member States welcomed the MiGOF through Council Resolution 1310 approved on 26 November 2015. Bangladesh manages migration around the world. Around 11 million Bangladeshis are present in 165 countries all over the world. Equally, Bangladesh has contributed significantly to the migration discourse particularly by advocating the inclusion of migration in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In addition, the Honourable Prime Minister of Bangladesh Sheikh Hasina articulated the idea of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration in her address to the United Nations General Assembly in 2016. In addition, Bangladesh is one of the few countries to have mainstreamed migration into the national planning process. Given the multidimensional nature of migration, the challenges of migration cannot be dealt with by a single government or any particular entity of the government. Hence, to provide guidance for the governance of migration based on country priorities and to outline roles of key stakeholders, the MiGOF for Bangladesh provide coordinated roles and responsibilities. Bangladesh is pioneer in developing a national MiGOF based on an extensive country assessment. The assessment has contributed to enhance understanding of migration dynamics. At a later stage, the national MiGOF has been aligned with the Global Compact for Migration objectives, the SDG targets and the national development plan. The assessment and framework linked to the SDGs and the Global Compact for Migration could be useful for the drafting of the next five-year plan of Bangladesh. I believe that the Government’s commitment to support the implementation of focused interventions would help strengthen migration governance in Bangladesh. Md. Shahidul Haque Foreign Secretary (Senior Secretary) Ministry of Foreign Affairs iii Secretary mwPe Ministry of Expatriates’ Welfare and Overseas Employment cÖevmx Kj¨vY I ˆe‡`wkK Kg©ms¯’vb gš¿Yvjq Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh Dhaka MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi MESSAGE FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE MINISTRY OF EXPATRIATES’ WELFARE AND OVERSEAS EMPLOYMENT Bangladesh has spearheaded many regional and global discourses in the arena of migration. The country was instrumental in advocating for the inclusion of migration in the Agenda 2030 and also a key initiator of the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration. It is indeed a proud achievement for our country to be one of the first to develop a national Migration Governance Framework (MiGOF). The MiGOF is the first internationally agreed document outlining how migration is best governed in a coherent and comprehensive way approved by IOM Member States in 2015. Further, Bangladesh has developed the MiGOF based on country assessment using the Migration Governance Indicators (MGI). The Bangladesh MiGOF was finalized through a comprehensive and extensive consultation with all key stakeholders. More than that, it is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the Global Compact for Migration objectives and the Migration Crisis Operational Framework (MCOF), among other global tools. The Bangladesh MiGOF sets the approach for facilitating better coordination among relevant partners and creating a more effective migration governance environment as migration is beneficial to all. Finally, the framework clearly delineates policy priorities and establishes the sequencing of initiatives that would produce sustainable results in line with the specific migration trends in the country. We strongly believe the MiGOF for Bangladesh brings together diverse issues, such as partnerships, economic and social development, humanitarian action, and effective implementation of law. It is important that all related strategies and action plans contribute to this overarching framework, which is essential for supporting the good governance of migration. The Ministry of Expatriates’ Welfare and Overseas Employment acknowledges the role of IOM Bangladesh in supporting the Government of Bangladesh to contextualize the MiGOF. I call for support from all relevant stakeholders to use the framework for concrete guidance to ensure that migration benefits the migrants and the society. I reassure the support from the Ministry to implement the framework in Bangladesh in collaboration with all stakeholders. Rownaq Jahan Secretary iv MESSAGE FROM THE AMBASSADOR OF
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