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Endorsement by Dr Robert Lawrence Kuhn, Closer to Truth
Closer To Truth Robert Lawrence Kuhn May 25, 2020 To Whom It May Concern: It is a pleasure to provide our wholehearted endorsement of the ZerOrigIndia project and to offer Closer To Truth’s public outreach and promotional resources to support the vital research and understanding of “Zero” as it will no doubt emerge from the ZerOrigIndia project. The concept of Zero is both a critical event in intellectual history and a milestone in the development of mathematics, science and technology. The exploration of zero’s origin, culturally and linguistically as well as mathematically and philosophically, could elicit novel ideas and new ways of thinking. Moreover, the broader philosophical significance of Zero reveals transcendental ideas of Nothing, Emptiness, Void, Blank as features of reality to be apprehended and appreciated and perhaps applied to entirely new categories of thought. Indeed, “Nothing” is a prime Closer To Truth theme. The outstanding group of scholars and thinkers devoted to ZerOrigIndia should encourage our support. Closer To Truth will publish and promote relevant research from the ZerOrigIndia project. As background, Closer To Truth (CTT), featuring world-renown scientists and philosophers, is the definitive PBS/public television series and web archive on Cosmos (cosmology/physics/mathematics, philosophy of science), Consciousness (brain/mind, philosophy of mind) and Meaning/God (theism/atheism/agnosticism, philosophy of religion, critical thinking). The Closer To Truth YouTube channel, offering high intellectual content, is running at >1 million views and >11 million minutes watched per month; >125,000 subscribers; >60% outside the US. You may use my endorsement to support the ZerOrigIndia project in any way deemed appropriate. -
Events and the Nature of Time: Seth Lloyd Source URL
Events and the Nature of Time: Seth Lloyd Source URL: https://www.closertotruth.com/interviews/55447 Transcript - Long Robert Lawrence Kuhn: Seth, we're both at this – start again. Seth, we're both at this FQXi Conference in Banff, this beautiful area, um, about the physics of events, the importance of events and understanding what physics is, and one of the topics that we're looking at is the nature of time and how events can help us understand what time really is. How – how does that work? How can events help us understand what time is? Seth Lloyd: Well, now, that is something that unfolds in time, like a clock ticking or a – an electron moving from here to there, or a bit flipping in a computer. Or, you know, just our thoughts moving on and our conversation progressing. Um, now time is a mysterious thing and we don't understand it well. Heraclitus said that time is like a river, like this beautiful river here [clears throat], the water flowing and then time ever moving onward and, um – ah, but what makes us feel and perceive that time is going? Um, so, ah – the first answer is I don't know. Robert Lawrence Kuhn: Almost every question is the same. [Laughter.] Seth Lloyd: Yeah, um, but – but there are, ah, different eras of time. There's a perceptual era of time where we don't know something and then we know – know something that we didn't know. This is about getting information. Um, there's a – a conversation, talking back and forth, interacting, where – where you tell me some information, I get the information. -
Why This Universe? Toward a Taxonomy of Possible Explanations
28 viewing cosmologists, physicists, philosophers, and theologians, asking them, among other ques- Why This tions, “Why This Universe?” From their many answers, and from my own night musings, I have constructed a taxonomy5 that I present here as a heuristic to help get our minds around this Universe? ultimate and perennial question. The Problem to be Solved Toward a Taxonomy In recent years, the search for scientific explana- tions of reality has been energized by increasing of Possible Explanations recognition that the laws of physics and the con- stants that are embedded in these laws all seem ROBERT LAWRENCE KUHN exquisitely “fine tuned” to allow, or to enable, the WHEN I WAS 12, IN THE SUMMER BETWEEN existence of stars and planets and the emergence seventh and eighth grades, a sudden realization of life and mind. If the laws of physics had much struck such fright that I strove desperately to blot differed, if the values of their constants had much it out, to eradicate the disruptive idea as if it changed, or if the initial conditions of the uni- were a lethal mind virus. My body shuddered verse had much varied, what we know to exist with dread; an abyss had yawned open. Five would not exist since all things of size and sub- decades later I feel its frigid blast still. stance would not have formed. Stephen Hawking Why not Nothing? 1 What if everything had presented the problem this way: always been Nothing? Not just emptiness, not just Why is the universe so close to the dividing line blankness, and not just emptiness and blankness between collapsing again and expanding indefinitely? forever, but not even the existence of emptiness, In order to be as close as we are now, the rate of not even the meaning of blankness, and no forev- expansion early on had to be chosen fantastically er. -
Koch AAAS Updated
Consciousness and Intelligence Dr. Christof Koch Allen Institute for Brain Science Seattle, USA Cartesian Certainty As a radical skeptic, the only certainty Rene Descartes had Je pense, donc je suis translated later on as Cogito, ergo sum. or, in modern language, I am conscious, therefore I am Rene Descartes (1637) Intelligence and Consciousness • Intelligence - the ability to understand new ideas, to adapt to new environments, to learn from experience, to think abstractly, to plan and to reason • It can be decomposed into crystalline and fluid intelligence and can be measured (IQ, g-factor) • Consciousness - the ability to experience something, to see, hear, feel angry, or explicitly recall an event • Many animals besides humans experience the sights and sounds of the world Lilac Chaser What do we know about Consciousness? • Consciousness is associated with some complex, adaptive, biological networks (not immune system nor enteric nervous system) • Consciousness does not require behavior • Consciousness can be dissociated from emotion, selective attention, long-term memory and language • Self-consciousness is one of many aspects of consciousness, highly developed in adult neuro-typical humans, less so in infants, certain patients and non-human animals Many Zombie Behaviors Many - if not most - behaviors occur in the absence of conscious sensations, or consciousness occurs after the fact: • Over-trained routines - shaving, dressing, tennis, video games, keyboard typing, driving, rock-climbing, dancing • Reaching and grabbing, posture adjustments • Generating and understanding speech • Eye-movement control • High-level decision making (e.g. choice blindness, dissociations) Neuronal Correlates of Consciousness (NCC) Search for the minimal neuronal mechanisms jointly sufficient for any one conscious perception, the NCC. -
Atheism's Best Arguments? (Part 1): David Bentley Hart Source URL
Atheism's Best Arguments? (Part 1): David Bentley Hart Source URL: https://www.closertotruth.com/interviews/57486 Transcript - Long Robert Lawrence Kuhn: David, you believe in God and argue for God's existence. Part of that is attacking those who would deny God's existence, atheists. So, when you hear atheistic arguments, what are your reactions to them? David Bentley Hart: It depends on how good they are. In recent years, we've seen a little cottage industry spring up in marketing very bad arguments for atheism, so, then my reaction is ill-concealed scorn, right? Robert Lawrence Kuhn: Let's just differentiate. Let's start with the bad arguments. What are some of those? David Bentley Hart: I mean, the sort of arguments you would find in Richard Dawkins in which he clearly misunderstands claims about ontological contingency and thinks you can conjure them away by having this efficiently comprehensive cosmology, or when he says something like, evolution answers the question of existence, that's actually something he says. I mean, you realize there that you're dealing with category errors so profound that they verge on the infinite. So, those are bad arguments. And in general, my list of fine atheist philosophers in the 20th Century is a small one. Mackey would probably be it, really. Sobel, in the English-speaking world. I think there was a greater age of atheism in the 19th Century. Profounder arguments, simply because they were based on a deeper knowledge of what they were attacking. Nietzsche. Nietzsche understood Christianity. Not every aspect of it. -
Madness, Reason, and Truth: an Examination of Two Philosophical Debates
W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 7-2012 Madness, Reason, and Truth: An Examination of Two Philosophical Debates Catherine Leigh Robey College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Robey, Catherine Leigh, "Madness, Reason, and Truth: An Examination of Two Philosophical Debates" (2012). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 534. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/534 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Madness, Reason, and Truth: An Examination of Two Philosophical Debates A thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirement for an award of honors in the department of Religious Studies from The College of William and Mary by Catherine Leigh Robey Williamsburg, VA May 3, 2012 Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION 5 II. HEGEL, PLATO, AND KIERKEGAARD: AN ANALYSIS OF THE SUBJECTIVITY OF AN OBJECTIVE PHENOMENON 8 INTRODUCTION 8 HEGEL – THREE MAIN FORMS OF MADNESS 9 “IDIOCY” 9 “MADNESS PROPER” 11 “MANIA OR FRENZY” 12 HEGEL – REASON, UNIVERSALITY, OBJECTIVITY, AND THE DOCTRINE OF MEDIATION 13 PLATO AND “DIVINE MADNESS” 16 “MADNESS OF PROPHECY” 17 “MADNESS OF THE MYSTIC” 18 “MADNESS -
Is the Integrated Information Theory of Consciousness Compatible with Russellian Panpsychism?
Is the Integrated Information Theory of Consciousness Compatible with Russellian Panpsychism? Hedda Hassel Mørch Erkenntnis (2018) Penultimate draft – please refer to published version for citation. Abstract: The Integrated Information Theory (IIT) is a leading scientific theory of consciousness, which implies a kind of panpsychism. In this paper, I consider whether IIT is compatible with a particular kind of panpsychism known as Russellian panpsychism, which purports to avoid the main problems of both physicalism and dualism. I will first show that if IIT were compatible with Russellian panpsychism, it would contribute to solving Russellian panpsychism’s combination problem, which threatens to show that the view does not avoid the main problems of physicalism and dualism after all. I then show that the theories are not compatible as they currently stand, in view of what I call the coarse-graining problem. After I explain the coarse-graining problem, I will offer two possible solutions, each involving a small modification of IIT. Given either of these modifications, IIT and Russellian panpsychism may be fully compatible after all, and jointly enable significant progress on the mind–body problem. 1 Introduction Panpsychism is the view that every physical thing is associated with consciousness. More precisely, it is the view that every physical thing is either (1) conscious as a whole, (2) made of parts which are all conscious, or (3) itself forms part of a greater conscious whole. Humans and animals (or certain areas of human and animal brains) are conscious in the first sense—our consciousness is unified, or has a single, subjective point of view. -
A Beautiful Theory: the Relationship Between Beauty and Scientific Truth
Ives 1 A Beautiful Theory: the Relationship between Beauty and Scientific Truth Brilliant shades of reds, oranges, and yellows swirl together, emanating from an intense spherical center and slowly fading through pink and purple to dark blue at the edges. The sight is breathtaking, romantic, and beautiful. There is something unmistakably powerful about a sunset; something that makes people stop and contemplate, snap a photograph, or reach for a lover’s hand. Now, imagine that same sunset gracing the sky above stinking, rotting piles of garbage. The image changes, doesn’t it? The scene is suddenly imperfect, causing a twist of the stomach instead of a satisfied sigh. The beauty of the sunset contrasts sharply with the aesthetically unpleasing garbage leaving a feeling that something is “wrong.” The idea that beauty is “right” and “true” has been around since human kind developed abstract thought. The Latin phrase Pulchritudo splendor varitatis (“beauty is the splendor of truth”) is thousands of years old, and suggests that beauty and truth are interrelated. Certainly it seems appropriate that something beautiful would be true, but it is more realistic to think that something hideous could also be true. Is beauty a valid criterion for truth? What is the relationship between beauty and truth? Indeed, what are beauty and truth? None of these questions has a simple, self-evident answer and each will probably be debated until the end of life itself. In the pages that follow I will offer my own perspective on the nature and interrelatedness of beauty and truth. The unavoidable first step in contemplating the nature of beauty and truth is to define the indefinable. -
Robot Rights Conscious Machines: Defining Questions
Conscious robots may merit legal protections. Developing machine capacities such as artificial intelligence (AI) and robots for human-robot interaction is of extreme technological value, but it raises moral and ethical questions. For example, one of the major sectors in robotics is the develop- ment of sexual robots (1). Although some researchers consider this phenomenon a gateway to the future acceptance of human- robot interactions, others see a danger for human society as robots modify the social LETTERS representation of human behaviors (2, 3). The robotics field must wrestle with these questions: Is it ethical to create and con- tinue to use robots with consciousness in Edited by Jennifer Sills global projection of winning representa- the way we use robots that were originally tions and have metacognitive capacity, designed for our needs? Do robots deserve Downloaded from such as confidence estimates. If these types to be protected? This debate could challenge Conscious machines: of processes were strongly indicative of the limits of human morality and polarize consciousness, we would have to admit society’s views on whether conscious robots Defining questions that some machines are already conscious. are objects or living entities (4–6). In their Review “What is consciousness, We agree with Dehaene et al. that to As we approach an era when conscious and could machines have it?” (27 October address the question of machine conscious- robots become part of daily life, it is http://science.sciencemag.org/ 2017, p. 486), S. Dehaene et al. argue that ness, we must start with a theory of human important to start thinking about the cur- the science of consciousness indicates that consciousness. -
FCMC Program Master DOC Final
The Francis Crick Memorial Conference Consciousness in Human and Non‐Human Animals Wolfson Hall, Churchill College Cambridge, United Kingdom "It is essenƟal to understand our Crick Memorial Conference: num Sponsor of the Francis Ɵ brains in some detail if we are to assess correctly our place in this Proud Pla Proud vast and compli- cated universe we see all around us." - Francis Crick All Bordering Photos Courtesy Google Images The Francis Crick Memorial Conference Francis Crick (1916‐2004) Thank you to all of our sponsors for your support in making the Francis Crick Memorial Conference a success and for helping us to fuel this unprecedented discussion on data‐driven perspectives on the neural correlates of consciousness. Sponsored by: The Francis Crick Memorial Conference The Francis Crick Memorial Conference Schedule of Events Schedule of Events 7:45 Check‐in / Complimentary 13:00 Complimentary Lunch Breakfast 14:00 Diana Reiss, Ph.D. Mirror Self‐recognition: A Case of 8:30 Christof Koch, Ph.D. Studying the Murine Mind Hunter College and Cognitive Convergence in Humans Allen Institute for Brain Science, City University of New York and other Animals Caltech 14:30 Franz X. Vollenweider, MD Neuronal Correlates of Psychedelic 9:00 Invited Lecture: Consciousness: A Pharmacological University of Zü rich School of Drug‐Induced Imagery in Humans Baltazar Gomez‐Mancilla, Perspective Medicine, Heffter Research Centre MD Ph.D. Novartis Institute of 15:00 Naotsugu Tsuchiya, Ph.D. Visual Consciousness Tracked with Biomedical Research RIKEN, ATR, Japan, Caltech, Direct Intracranial Recording from 9:30 Ryan Remedios, Ph.D.* The Claustrum and the Orchestra of Monash University Early Visual Cortices in Humans CalTech Cognitive Control Nikos K. -
Sleep and Consciousness Research
VOLUME 19 • NUMBER 3 • 2017 FOR ALUMNI, FRIENDS, FACULTY AND STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH Quarterly Sleep and WHITE COAT CEREMONY p. 8 Consciousness ALUMNI WEEKEND p. 10 RESEARCHERS’ DAILY WALKS HELP FOSTER DISCOVERIES There’s More Online! Visit med.wisc.edu/quarterly to be QUARTERLY The Magazine for Alumni, Friends, OCTOBER 2017 Faculty and Students of the University of Wisconsin CONTENTS Friday and Saturday, Fall WMAA Board Meeting School of Medicine and Public Health QUARTERLY • VOLUME 19 • NUMBER 3 October 20 and 21 Homecoming Weekend, UW vs. Maryland MANAGING EDITOR Class Reunions for Classes of ’72, ’77, ’82, ’87, Kris Whitman ’92, ’97, ’02, ’07, ’12 ART DIRECTOR Christine Klann Friday, October 27 Middleton Society Dinner PRINCIPAL PHOTOGRAPHER John Maniaci PRODUCTION Michael Lemberger NOVEMBER 2017 WISCONSIN MEDICAL Saturday, November 4 Boston Alumni Reception ALUMNI ASSOCIATION (WMAA) Tuesday, November 14 Operation Education EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Karen S. Peterson EDITORIAL BOARD Christopher L. Larson, MD ’75, chair JANUARY 2018 Jacquelynn Arbuckle, MD ’95 Kathryn S. Budzak, MD ’69 Saturday, January 20 Lily’s Luau Fundraiser for Epilepsy Research Robert Lemanske, Jr., MD ’75 Union South Patrick McBride, MD ’80, MPH See https://lilysfund.org/luau for details Gwen McIntosh, MD ’96, MPH Sandra L. Osborn, MD ’70 CALENDAR Patrick Remington, MD ’81, MPH Joslyn Strebe, medical student MARCH 2018 EX OFFICIO MEMBERS Robert N. Golden, MD, Andrea Larson, Friday, March 16 Match Day Karen S. Peterson, -
Schwitzgebel February 8, 2013 USA Consciousness, P. 1 If Materialism Is True, the United States Is Probably Conscious
If Materialism Is True, the United States Is Probably Conscious Eric Schwitzgebel Department of Philosophy University of California at Riverside Riverside, CA 92521 eschwitz at domain: ucr.edu February 8, 2013 Schwitzgebel February 8, 2013 USA Consciousness, p. 1 If Materialism Is True, the United States Is Probably Conscious Abstract: If you’re a materialist, you probably think that rabbits are conscious. And you ought to think that. After all, rabbits are a lot like us, biologically and neurophysiologically. If you’re a materialist, you probably also think that conscious experience would be present in a wide range of naturally-evolved alien beings behaviorally very similar to us even if they are physiologically very different. And you ought to think that. After all, to deny it seems insupportable Earthly chauvinism. But a materialist who accepts consciousness in weirdly formed aliens ought also to accept consciousness in spatially distributed group entities. If she then also accepts rabbit consciousness, she ought to accept the possibility of consciousness even in rather dumb group entities. Finally, the United States would seem to be a rather dumb group entity of the relevant sort. If we set aside our morphological prejudices against spatially distributed group entities, we can see that the United States has all the types of properties that materialists tend to regard as characteristic of conscious beings. Keywords: metaphysics, consciousness, phenomenology, group mind, superorganism, collective consciousness, metaphilosophy Schwitzgebel February 8, 2013 USA Consciousness, p. 2 If Materialism Is True, the United States Is Probably Conscious If materialism is true, the reason you have a stream of conscious experience – the reason there’s something it’s like to be you while there’s (presumably!) nothing it’s like to be a toy robot or a bowl of chicken soup, the reason you possess what Anglophone philosophers call phenomenology – is that the material stuff out of which you are made is organized the right way.